Rationale
English has become a global lingua franca, with nearly 60 countries using it as a primary language and around 100 as a second language, boasting over 1.13 billion native speakers Despite the widespread use of English, each nation retains its unique culture and language, necessitating bilingualism for effective international communication The emergence of the English translation industry addresses the challenges faced by those learning a second language As a key language in universities worldwide, English serves as the medium for international communication, science, aviation, and business.
In today's rapidly evolving global landscape, the economic and trade sector has emerged as a crucial component of overall economic development, particularly for countries like Vietnam Effective economic and trade cooperation hinges on several factors, with mutual understanding being paramount Consequently, the translation of economic and trade texts is vital and deserves significant attention to ensure successful collaboration.
Thuongmai University emphasizes the significance of translation by incorporating it into their curriculum Instructors guide students in translating between English and Vietnamese, covering a wide range of documents, including those related to social, economic, cultural, educational, foreign affairs, and healthcare topics Despite this comprehensive training, many students struggle with translating specialized terminology, particularly in economic texts.
This research examines the challenges faced by final-year English major students at Thuongmai University in translating economic terminology It aims to identify specific difficulties encountered during the translation process and proposes effective solutions to enhance understanding and accuracy in translating economic texts.
This study, titled “Common Difficulties in Translating Economic Terminology Encountered by Final-Year English Students at Thuongmai University,” aims to identify the challenges faced by senior students in translating economic texts By highlighting these difficulties, the research seeks to offer effective solutions that will facilitate a smoother translation process for students dealing with specialized economic terminology.
Previous studies
Research topics on issues “the difficulties of learners in English translation” have been studied by many different researchers around the world in general and in Vietnam in particular.
Through surveying the research on translation issues, I see that there have been many books, many works by foreign authors on this issue.
In her study "Difficulties and Some Problems in Translating Legal Documents," Ivanka Sakareva explores the challenges inherent in legal translation She outlines the essential rules that translators must follow, discusses effective translation strategies, and emphasizes the significance of cultural transfer in this process The paper also contrasts legal translation with literal translation, highlighting the complexities involved in translating specialized texts.
A study titled “Analysis of Translation Difficulties for the Fourth Semester Students of the English Department of IKIP Gunungsitoli Year 2013/2014” aims to identify and describe the translation challenges faced by fourth-semester English students The research employs two instruments: questionnaires and a test, which serve as the basis for content analysis within a qualitative research framework.
And others: “A Linguistic Theory of Translation” by Catford (1965 Oxford University Publishing House, Oxford); "Contemporary Translation Theories" by Hay Gentzler (1993 Roudledge Publishing House, London & New York);
In "Discourse and the Translator" by Hatim and Mason (1990), the authors explore the complexities of translation, particularly focusing on economic texts They highlight the challenges translators face regarding terminology, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of both source and target languages Additionally, Jakobson's "On Linguistic Aspects of Translation" provides insights into the linguistic dimensions of translation, further illustrating the intricacies involved in conveying meaning across languages This overview underscores the significance of addressing terminology issues to enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of economic translations.
(1959 Article published in The Translation Studies Reader, L Venuti (ed.) Roudledge, London & New York, 1998); "A Textbook of Translation" by Newmark (1988 Prentice Hall Publishing House, London 1988).
A study titled “Difficulties in Learning the Translation of Students Majoring in International Relations” aims to identify and explain the challenges faced by students in translation The research also seeks to offer methods to enhance students' translation skills and enrich their practical experience The study focuses on two students from the TA39A and TA39B classes within the English department at the Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam.
In her MA minor thesis titled “A Study on the Translation of Economic Terminology,” Hoang Thi Bay explores effective strategies for translating economic terms from English to Vietnamese, aiming to ensure the translations sound original and natural The study primarily addresses the question of common translation strategies and procedures utilized in the economic textbook “Business Law.” Based on the findings, the research offers valuable suggestions for educators teaching English for economics and professionals involved in translating related documents.
Pham Thi Minh Chien's MA minor thesis, "A Study on English Translation of Vietnamese Traditional Medicine Texts," explores the unique characteristics of Vietnamese traditional medicine (VTM) texts The thesis offers strategies and techniques for effectively translating these texts into English while advocating for standardization in their translation Additionally, it analyzes common translation errors and investigates the underlying causes of the current chaotic state in VTM translations.
Previous studies on university students' translation skills highlight the multifaceted nature of the issue, emphasizing the significance of enhancing English translation proficiency These findings underscore the need for a comprehensive understanding of the various elements involved in translation.
Aims of the study
This article explores the challenges associated with translating terminology in economic texts It provides a comprehensive overview of the study, highlighting the complexities and nuances involved in accurately conveying economic concepts across different languages The focus is on identifying specific problems that arise during translation and the implications these issues have on understanding economic information By addressing these translation difficulties, the study aims to enhance clarity and precision in economic communication.
When choosing and carrying out this study, the researcher expects to clarify 3 main issues:
- To investigate some factors affecting student’s translation skill.
- To find out some difficulties, and common problems in translation of the terminology in economic texts encountered by final-year English major students at TMU must face.
- To suggest some possible solutions to these problems so as to help students have a good translation skill.
Research subjects
This study focuses on the challenges faced by final-year English students at TMU in translating terminology found in economic texts It involves 80 senior students who are currently studying Business English, highlighting their specific difficulties in this area.
Scope of the study
The study focuses on the translation skill of the terminology in economic texts of the final-year English major students at TMU.
This study is focused on translation skills and is limited by time, information, and knowledge constraints Due to the large number of students at TMU, the research will specifically target final-year English major students, as they possess familiarity with translation skills, making them the most suitable participants for this investigation.
Research methodology
This study is carried out in both qualitative and quantitative methods Therefore, the researcher conducts the research with some following steps:
The researcher begins by gathering essential documents from various websites, while also reviewing prior studies on translation skills Additionally, the researcher utilizes library resources to borrow books that provide guidance for the study.
The study involved survey questionnaires targeting final-year English major students at TMU, utilizing a quantitative approach with 80 senior participants It focused on identifying the challenges faced by these students in translating terminology within economic texts The research aims to uncover the realities and difficulties encountered by K53N students in developing their translation skills and to explore potential solutions for improvement.
A qualitative method was employed through interviews with four students from two K53 classes in the Faculty of English at TMU All participants willingly and comfortably assisted the researcher The purpose of these interviews was to gather students' insights on the challenges impacting their English translation skills and to obtain suggestions for improvement.
To ensure the reliability and validity of the survey, interviews were conducted with participants during their class breaks and collected immediately afterward This approach allowed learners to focus on answering questions about their recent experiences Prior to the interviews, the researcher explained the study's purpose and significance, addressing any potential misunderstandings regarding the survey questions.
After getting results from the survey, the researcher will collect and start analyzing them by using tables and charts.
Organization of the study
This study includes four main chapters, organized as follows:
Chapter 1: Overview of the study
This chapter outlines the rationale behind the study, reviews previous research, and defines the study's objectives, subjects, scope, and methodology It clarifies the author's motivation for undertaking this research and details the methods employed to achieve the study's goals.
Chapter 2: Literature Review This chapter revisits essential theoretical frameworks that underpin the research It emphasizes the principles of translation broadly, with a specific focus on the translation of terminology within economic texts.
Chapter 3 outlines the research methodology employed in this study, detailing the development process and execution of the research It covers participant selection, data collection methods, and analysis of survey responses related to the challenges of translating terminology in economic texts The chapter also presents the findings derived from questionnaires and interviews, followed by a discussion of the results achieved.
This chapter provides a concise overview of the study, highlighting key findings related to the challenges of translating terminology in economic texts It offers practical suggestions to enhance students' translation skills effectively and outlines recommendations for future research in this field.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Overview of terminology
Sager (1990: 3) gives three definitions of terminology:
- Terminology is the set of practices and methods used for the collection, description and presentation of terms.
- Terminology is a theory, the set of premises, arguments and conclusions required for explaining the relationships between concepts and terms which are fundamental for a coherent activity under.
- Terminology is a vocabulary of a special subject field.
Terminology refers to the collection of specialized words and meanings associated with a specific field, encompassing both the study of these terms and their usage, a discipline known as terminology science It includes words, compound words, and multi-word expressions that acquire distinct meanings in particular contexts, which may differ from their definitions in everyday language.
Terminology has been extensively defined by various linguists to clarify its structure and significance Mr Do Huu Chau (1981) describes terms as specialized words used within scientific, professional, or technological fields, emphasizing that scientific and technical terminology encompasses lexical units that denote objects and activities in industrial technologies and the natural or social sciences Similarly, Mr Nguyen Thien Giap (1998) defines terminology as a unique linguistic unit comprising words and fixed phrases that offer precise definitions relevant to specific scientific areas Despite being articulated by different scholars at different times, both definitions highlight the existence of specialized words within distinct branches of human knowledge, indicating the necessity for unique terms in fields such as mathematics, business, medicine, and economics, which must be differentiated from common vocabulary.
According to Baker (1998:261), terms are distinct from words as they possess a unique reference, specifically pointing to specific properties, activities, or relationships that define the knowledge within a particular subject area.
2.1.2 Main features of the terminology
Terminology, as a unique component of the lexical system, possesses distinct features that are essential for effective communication across various fields Key qualities of terminology include accuracy, systematic organization, international recognition, national relevance, and widespread usage These characteristics are fundamental to the development and application of terminologies in diverse sectors, including science, technology, and economics Specifically, economic and trade terminology embodies these principles, facilitating clarity and understanding in these critical areas.
Accurateness is the fundamental quality of terminology, ensuring that each term conveys a scientific concept or definition clearly and precisely This precision helps prevent the confusion of one concept with another In a professional context, each term must represent a single concept within its system, as the meaning of a term arises from the combination of linguistic signals, rather than merely the sum of its individual components.
Systematism is a crucial aspect of language, where each term occupies a specific position within a terminological system The meaning of each term is defined in relation to other terms within this system When a term is isolated from its context, its meaning becomes unclear Thus, systematism is recognized as one of the 20 most important features of terminology.
International terminology plays a crucial role in expressing shared scientific concepts, fostering development, collaboration, and technological exchanges among nations The process of globalization enhances the internationalization of these terms, allowing them to be utilized more widely across various languages and accelerating the advancement of global science.
The popularity of terminology is crucial for making scientific and technological advancements accessible to everyone As a key aspect of linguistics, the translation of terminology in economic texts presents various challenges These challenges significantly impact the development of science and must be addressed to ensure terminology is understandable in reading, writing, speaking, and memorizing In the economic and trade sectors, consistent usage of terminology is essential for effective communication and comprehension.
The term "nationality" serves as a unique linguistic unit within a language, particularly relevant to specific professions, and is inherently tied to the national language In Vietnam, terminologies must reflect the country's culture and the distinct characteristics of the Vietnamese language, ensuring they resonate with the local populace in both lexicology and grammatical structure As previously mentioned, the translation of terms is influenced by the acceptance of language and culture Consequently, in economic and trade documents, certain terms are translated into Vietnamese in a manner that aligns with Vietnamese cultural norms and linguistic traits.
2.1.3 The terminology in economic texts
Economic terminology refers to the specialized vocabulary associated with the field of economics, encompassing the study and application of these terms Also known as economic terminology science, it includes words, compound terms, and multi-word expressions that have specific meanings in business contexts, particularly relating to economic activities.
Translation theory
Translation, often regarded as an "art," permeates various aspects of life, influencing literature, culture, religion, commercial advertising, popular entertainment, public administration, immigration, and education, particularly in today's evolving economy Its definitions have been shaped by numerous renowned translators over time, highlighting its complexity and significance This article will explore the challenges associated with translating terminology in economic texts, providing a foundational overview for the study.
Cartford (1965:20) considers as follows: “Translation is the replacement of text material of this language (source language) with text material of another (target language)”.
Hartman and Stork (1971:1) believes that: “Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language”.
According to Wilss (1982:3), translation is a transfer process focused on transforming a written source language (SL) text into an optimally equivalent target language (TL) text This process necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic aspects of the SL, along with analytical processing skills.
Nida, E.A (1984:83) claims: “Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language that closest natural equivalent to the message of the source language, first in meaning and secondly in style”.
Translation, as defined by Malinowski (Choliludin, 2005:4), is the re-creation of the original content into something significantly different, emphasizing that it involves translating the entire meaning rather than merely substituting words The Advanced Oxford Dictionary further clarifies that translation is the process of converting written or spoken material into another language This underscores that effective translation captures deep, meaningful content rather than simply replacing source language words with target language equivalents.
Translation involves interpreting the meaning of a source text and producing an equivalent text in a different language, known as the target language The resulting product is referred to as the target text, which aims to communicate the same message as the original.
Translation involves converting a written text into a different language while preserving the author's intended meaning and message According to the Theory of Interpreting and Translation at Thuongmai University, this process ensures that the original intent of the text is maintained in the translated version.
Different linguists emphasize the significance of addressing the challenges in translating terminology within economic texts This study highlights the need for achieving equivalence in meaning while maintaining the original's characteristics through careful selection of the target language's lexical and grammatical structures Additionally, various translation methods will be explored in the subsequent sections to address these translation challenges effectively.
Translation plays a crucial role in our daily lives by facilitating global communication and fostering interactive relationships among countries It is essential for advancements in various fields such as technology, politics, media, literature, tourism, commerce, and business.
- Translation is the connection of the global economy, enhance the growth of multinational companies
The demand for translation services is surging in the global economy, highlighting their crucial role in international business Despite English often being referred to as "the language of global business," translation services remain indispensable for effective communication across diverse markets.
Translation is essential for companies operating internationally, as it facilitates the transfer of information between global offices and branches Accurate translation into the local preferred language is crucial for effective communication, especially when engaging with local businesses or submitting government proposals.
- Translation boosts up in tourism
Translation plays a crucial role in addressing a significant challenge faced by tourists: the risk of being overcharged or misled by unfamiliar locals in foreign countries Additionally, translated tourism materials foster a sense of welcome for visitors, while simultaneously boosting the destination's appeal as a tourist-friendly locale This ultimately contributes to increased revenue from tourism.
- Translation makes the cultural exchange convenient
Art forms like films, music, and literature transcend global borders through effective translation that resonates with audiences in their native languages Today, translated and subtitled films significantly contribute to the international film industry's revenue, with China emerging as a key market Successful translations have enabled producers to surpass the $1 billion mark, showcasing the financial impact of this practice Furthermore, the translation of music and literature not only boosts artists' royalties and international recognition but also enriches cultural exchange by making original songs accessible to a broader audience, fostering connections between diverse cultures.
Translation assists foreign affairs of the country more easily
In today's global landscape, international diplomacy plays a crucial role in shaping a nation's foreign affairs During international summits and economic agreements, diplomats and leaders articulate their perspectives in their preferred languages Accurate and expressive translation of these ideas is essential, as misinterpretations can jeopardize diplomatic relationships between countries.
There are many ways to classify translation Here are some types of translation classified by form.
Technical translation refers to the process of translating specialized documents such as user guidelines, instruction brochures, medical terminology, financial reports, and administrative notices This type of translation is characterized by its focus on a specific, limited audience and typically involves content that is relevant for a defined period.
Technical translation primarily involves the conversion of specialized documentation related to fields such as engineering, IT, electronics, mechanics, and industrial texts It necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the specific terminology pertinent to the sector of the original content.
Scientific translation focuses on translating documents related to the field of science, including articles, theses, newspapers, conference materials, and study reports A significant challenge in this domain is the accurate translation of terminology, particularly in economic texts This article explores the various issues encountered in translating economic terminology, providing a comprehensive overview of the study's findings and implications.
Problems in translation of the terminology in economic texts
There are lots of difficulties in translating the terminology in economic texts
Due to geographical differences, Vietnamese and English social cultures vary significantly While some disparities may be challenging to accept, understanding these cultural features is essential for enhancing economic knowledge and fostering smoother interactions.
Culture significantly influences the translation process, presenting translators with the challenge of effectively conveying cultural nuances from the source language to the target language A lack of cultural understanding can result in poor translations, which may be humorous or even offensive to the target audience Consequently, Vietnamese translators must possess a deep understanding of the cultures involved when translating terminology Embracing cultural insights enhances comprehension and fosters a greater appreciation of diverse nations and their business practices.
2.3.2 Words and choices of word meanings problems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDY
Words are essential for language learners to develop a robust vocabulary, which is crucial for effective communication A rich vocabulary enhances one's ability to understand and produce meaningful texts However, translators often struggle with new words due to their multiple meanings Each English word typically has a primary meaning that is recognized in isolation, alongside contextual meanings that emerge when words are used in specific contexts with other supporting words.
2.3.3 Lack of economic background knowledge
Understanding economic terminology is crucial for accurately translating economic texts These terms often convey immediate and relevant information about business events and issues Without a solid grasp of economic concepts, translators may struggle to effectively translate documents such as business contracts, emails, and trade agreements.
2.3.4 Difficulty in translating the abbreviation
In economic texts, abbreviation is the most difficult thing for translators to remember and understand For example:
- GDP (Gross domestic product) GDP is often used as a measure of a nation’s economic performance and activity It is usually calculated on a quarterly or annual basis.
- NAFTA (The North American Free Trade Agreement) NAFTA was an agreement signed by Canada, Mexico, and the United States that created a trilateral trade bloc in North America.
- CPATP (Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership).
The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), formally known as the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement, was a proposed trade agreement involving Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, Vietnam, and the United States, which was signed on February 4, 2016.
2.3.5 Difficulty in translating the terminology hardly used
Translating economic terminology presents significant challenges, particularly when dealing with less commonly used terms Translators often encounter difficulties in accurately conveying the meaning of specialized language found in economic texts This is especially true in contexts such as contracts and business communications, where misinterpretations can lead to incorrect translations Understanding the nuances of economic language is crucial for effective communication in these fields.
Unitary elastic demand (“cầu co dãn đơn vị” in Vietnamese).
Galloping inflation (“lạm phát phi mã” in Vietnamese).
Calls in arrear (“vốn gọi trả sau” in Vietnamese)
Translators often struggle to convey the correct meaning, particularly when it comes to economic terminology This challenge is prominent in the translation of economic texts, where a deep understanding of specific terms is crucial Frequent exposure to these terms is essential for translators to accurately interpret and convey the intended message This overview highlights the significant issues faced in translating economic terminology, emphasizing the need for familiarity and expertise in the subject matter.
METHODOLOGY AND RESEARCH FINDINDS
Methodology
In order to achieve the aims of the study and clarify clearly the target, this study is looking for the answers to the following questions:
- What are factors that influence the translation skill of the terminology in economic texts encountered by final-year English major students at TMU?
- What are some common difficulties in translation of the terminology in economic texts encountered by final-year English major students at TMU?
- What are some solutions to improve their economic terminology translation skill?
The study focuses on 80 final-year English major students at TMU, aged 21 to 22, who are enrolled in translation courses during their third and final years, attending classes three times a week These students are currently in the first semester of the 2020-2021 academic year and share a common background of having studied English for several years.
After seven years, the students are now pursuing a major in Business English at TMU They share a similar English background, having all studied translation subjects, and they have faced challenges in translating terminology within economic texts.
3.1.3 Data collection method a Data collection instruments: The questionnaire
A well-structured questionnaire was developed to assess students' experiences and challenges in studying written translation, focusing specifically on economic terminology The questionnaire included 10 economic terms and 11 questions in English, with a total of 80 copies distributed and successfully collected from students The primary objective of this research is to identify and analyze the difficulties encountered in translating economic texts, providing valuable insights into the complexities of this specialized field.
Firstly, ten economic terms are some small exercises for students practicing translating terminology in order to define the translation ability of the students.
The initial three questions aimed to assess students' attitudes toward the translation subject Question (1) explored students' feelings about studying written translation, determining whether they perceive it as easy or difficult, and interesting or boring Question (2) investigated the motivations behind students' choices to study written translation Lastly, Question (3) sought to gather students' opinions on the practical benefits of studying translation.
The next question, question (4) was used to survey the amount of time students usually spend on studying translation the terminology in economic texts.
Question (5) was used to explore how often the students have difficulties in translating economic terminology.
The next question, question (6) was applied to know the biggest challenge that students have to face when translating economic terminology.
To understand how students approach written translation, two key questions were developed Question 7 aimed to investigate their strategies for dealing with unfamiliar economic terminology encountered in the original text Meanwhile, Question 8 focused on the actions students take upon completing their translation tasks.
Question (9) was on survey to get more information about the students' point of view on the factors influencing on their interest in translating economic terminology.
Question (10) was to seek for the methods that the students usually apply to improve their economic terminology translation skill.
The final question of the study focused on assessing students' abilities to translate economic terminology This inquiry is part of a broader examination of the challenges encountered in translating terminology within economic texts Understanding these challenges is crucial for improving translation accuracy and effectiveness in the field of economics.
The data collection process is created clearly with 3 main steps:
A questionnaire was developed for 80 final-year English major students at TMU, featuring 10 economic terminologies to assess their translation abilities Additionally, it includes 11 questions addressing the challenges students face in translating economic terms, factors influencing their translation skills, and suggestions for enhancing their proficiency in translating economic terminology.
Eighty copies of questionnaires will be printed and distributed to respondents who have studied the K53N translation course at TMU Prior to the survey, the researcher will provide a brief explanation of the format, length, and questions to ensure participants fully understand the process and reduce any potential confusion.
After the participants completed the results, the researcher will collect the distributed questionnaire and then analyze the data.
The qualitative data gathered from questionnaires was synthesized and summarized according to the study's objectives and research questions Observational data was quantified and converted into numerical format, followed by statistical analysis to derive specific statistics The results were visually represented using tables, bar charts, and pie charts, enhancing the clarity and scientific rigor of the study.
The results of the study
3.2.1 The survey questionnaire’s results3.2.1.1 The results from questionnaire problems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDY
The questionnaire, comprising 11 English-language questions, was distributed to final-year English major students at TMU, with all 80 copies collected for analysis The feedback provided by the students offers valuable insights into their challenges in learning economic translation The subsequent statistical analysis and data results are presented in the following tables and charts, reflecting the students' perspectives on translation education.
Chart 3.1: The students’ opinions about learning translation
A recent survey revealed that 61.3% of students find learning translation to be challenging yet interesting Despite the difficulties, 20% of respondents believe that studying translation is not only engaging but also beneficial for their personal growth However, a significant portion of students still struggle with the subject, feeling bored and unmotivated, which may stem from ineffective learning methods Notably, 18% of students expressed a lack of interest in translation altogether, with none considering it an easy or pointless endeavor Overall, the data suggests that while mastering translation presents challenges, a substantial majority (81.3%) remain motivated to improve their skills and practice diligently.
Chart 3.2 The reason why students study translation
A recent survey of 80 students revealed that 62.5% believe translation is beneficial for expanding knowledge and learning from translated texts Meanwhile, 21.3% study translation as a compulsory subject, and 12.5% seek to enhance their skills through translation Interestingly, only 3.7% are motivated to learn translation out of genuine interest These statistics indicate that over half of the students acknowledge the significance of translation in language learning and are motivated to master this skill However, nearly one-fifth of students feel compelled to study translation without a desire to excel in the subject.
Chart 3.3 The students’ opinions about the usefulness of studying translation
Table 3.1 The students’ opinions about the usefulness of studying translation
Students recognize the usefulness of studying translation, with 26.3% believing it enhances their vocabulary and 23.8% asserting it expands their knowledge Additionally, 17.5% feel that translation improves their language skills, particularly in writing and listening, while 16.3% aim to study translation for effective learning and work A smaller portion, 7.5%, acknowledges the overall advantages of studying translation, which include vocabulary enhancement, flexible grammar usage, and improved language skills The results indicate that most students appreciate the benefits of translation in language learning, fostering a positive attitude and motivation to study effectively Furthermore, students dedicate time to self-study in translating terminology within economic texts, highlighting the importance of this practice in their educational journey.
Chart 3.4 The amount of time students usually spending on studying translating the terminology in economic texts (as self-study)
The chart illustrates the study habits of students focusing on translation, revealing that over 58% dedicate 1 to 2 hours weekly to learning economic terminology in translation Additionally, 26.3% of students invest approximately 5 hours each week on this subject.
Despite a positive attitude towards self-studying translation, only 1.1% of students dedicate more than 10 hours per week to practice This raises concerns about the effectiveness of their learning habits Additionally, students frequently encounter challenges when translating terminology in economic texts, highlighting a significant area of difficulty in their translation studies.
Chart 3.5 How often students have difficulties when translating the terminology in economic texts
According to the chart, 53.8% of 80 students frequently encounter challenges when translating terminology in economic texts, while 45% report experiencing difficulties sometimes Only 1.2% of students seldom face issues, and none claim to never have difficulties This highlights that the primary challenge for students lies in translating economic terminology effectively.
Percent Words and choices of word meanings 12 15 15 15
Lack of economic background knowledge 47 58,8 58,8 76,3
Difficulty translating the terminology you hardly use 8 10 10 96,3
The primary challenge students encounter when translating terminology in economic texts is the complexity and specificity of the language used This issue is particularly pronounced in economic literature, where precise terminology is crucial for accurate interpretation Understanding the nuances of economic terms is essential for effective translation, as even minor discrepancies can lead to significant misunderstandings Additionally, students must navigate the intricacies of both the source and target languages to ensure that the translated text maintains its original meaning and context.
The table clearly illustrates that nearly all students struggle with translating economic terminology When asked about their biggest challenges, 58.8% of students, equivalent to 47 individuals, cited a lack of economic background knowledge as their primary obstacle Additionally, 22% of the respondents, or 12 students, reported difficulties in selecting appropriate words and meanings Furthermore, 10% of students identified abbreviations and infrequently used terminology as significant hurdles in their translation efforts Lastly, 3.8% of students, totaling 3 individuals, acknowledged encountering all of these difficulties.
Look up its meaning by using a dictionary or Google Translate tool
Ignore it and translate other words, then go back to guess its meaning in the context.
Skip it and translate others 3 3,8 3,8 93,8
Ask your friends or your teacher 2 2,5 2,5 96,3
Table 3.3 What students often do when encountering new terms
When translating economic terminology, students often encounter unfamiliar words and adopt various strategies to understand them A significant 58.8% of students utilize dictionaries or Google Translate to look up meanings This highlights the challenges faced in translating economic texts, emphasizing the need for effective strategies in mastering specialized vocabulary.
A significant portion of students, specifically 31.3% (25 students), choose to ignore unfamiliar words and instead translate other terms, later attempting to deduce the meaning from context Additionally, 3.8% of students skip the challenging words altogether, which disrupts the flow of their translated text When faced with new vocabulary, 2.5% of students typically consult friends or teachers for assistance Moreover, a small group of 3 students, representing 2%, explore alternative strategies for tackling unfamiliar words.
What students often do after finishing their translation
Read it again to correct some mistakes if there are
Read it again and try to translate it in another way
Wait for your teacher’s feedback 17 21,3 21,3 100
Table 3.4 What students often do after finishing their translation
After completing their translation, 57.5% of students review their work to correct any mistakes, while 21.3% await feedback from their teacher Additionally, 15% of students attempt to translate the text differently, and 6.3% share their translations with friends This behavior highlights the varying approaches students take towards refining their translations and indicates a significant interest in overcoming challenges associated with translating terminology in economic texts.
Frequency Percent Valid Percent CumulativePercent
Table 3.5 A great influence on students’ interest in translating the terminology in economic texts
A recent investigation into factors influencing students' interest in translation revealed that 37.5% of students chose translation topics as the most significant factor, making it the highest-rated option Additionally, 30% of students cited their own abilities as a key influence on their interest, while 18.8% recognized the teaching method as important Only 10% of students considered teaching materials to be a significant factor in their interest in translation.
3 students (3,8% of students) have other ideas. k What students often do to improve their translation of the terminology in economic texts
Frequency Percent ValidPercent Cumulativ e Percent
Reviewing your teacher’s feedback to learn vocabulary, grammar and way of using vocabulary 29 36,3 36,3 65
Reading and practicing translating business newspapers or economic magazines 24 30 30 95
Total 80 100 100 problems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDY
Table 3.6 What students often do to improve their translation of the terminology in economic texts
The result shows that the students pay much attention to improving their translation skills and have applied many different ways to make them more professional in translating.
RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
Summary of the study
This thesis investigates the challenges faced by final-year English major students at Thuongmai University in translating economic terminology It also explores various factors that impact the translation of these terms, aiming to identify effective strategies to enhance students' English proficiency and translation skills.
The study is structured into four chapters to achieve the researcher's objectives Chapter 1 outlines the general theories underpinning the research Chapter 2 presents a literature review on translation skills, covering key topics such as the definition and significance of translation, types of translation, criteria for quality translations, translation strategies and methods, and challenges in translating economic terminology These foundational concepts are crucial for understanding the study's analysis Chapter 3 details the methodology, including the research design, questions, participants, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques The researcher conducted a survey among final-year English majors at Thuongmai University, subsequently analyzing and statistically evaluating the questionnaire responses to derive the final results and discussions.
In conclusion, the researcher proposes several effective solutions to assist students in overcoming challenges in their studies, while also offering recommendations for teachers to better align their teaching methods with students' expectations in the often challenging field of translation.
Possible solutions
4.2.1 Suggestions for students a Suggestions to improving economic terminology. problems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDY
Learning economic terminology can be challenging for students, as memorization is essential for effective translation of texts However, implementing specific strategies can facilitate quicker and easier vocabulary acquisition.
Arranging economic terminology alphabetically is one of the most efficient methods for learning With 26 letters in the English alphabet, economic terms can be systematically categorized from A to Z This approach offers several advantages: it simplifies vocabulary management, enhances memorization through structured storage, and facilitates quick access to terms when needed, such as in a pocket dictionary For instance, the letters "a," "b," and "c" correspond to specific economic concepts, making it easier for learners to grasp essential terminology.
Alphabetical listings serve as effective tools for both memorization and learning; however, contextualizing terms within sentences enhances their meaning and usage By placing words in context, learners can grasp their real-life applications more quickly For instance, the word "advance" can have multiple meanings when used alone, leading to potential ambiguity for readers or translators Understanding words in context clarifies their intended meanings and promotes better comprehension.
To effectively learn terminology, it's essential to find the right tools that cater to individual learning styles Since everyone learns differently, experimenting with various methods—such as flashcards, apps, lists, games, or post-its—can help identify what works best Some learners prefer dedicated study times, while others thrive on spontaneous learning Regardless of the chosen approach, establishing a consistent rhythm is crucial, as practice leads to mastery Additionally, understanding business culture can enhance learning and application in real-world scenarios.
Translating languages presents significant challenges, particularly due to cultural differences that affect comprehension A deep understanding of cultural contexts is essential for translators, especially when dealing with economic terminology Engaging with native speakers and learning about diverse cultures enhances this skill To accurately translate economic terms, a translator must possess extensive knowledge of the specific business culture of a country While it may be tempting to remain within familiar circles, embracing cultural diversity can lead to invaluable experiences, ultimately aiding in the interpretation of economic terminology through enriched cultural insights.
Researching online and through books, along with studying the business history and traditions of different cultures, are effective methods for gaining insights into diverse cultural practices.
Engaging with individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds is an enriching experience that fosters understanding and knowledge By forming friendships with colleagues or acquaintances from different cultures, you can naturally learn about their life experiences without directly inquiring about their backgrounds Approach these relationships with curiosity and an open mind, treating them as genuine connections rather than mere opportunities for cultural exploration This practice not only enhances your cultural awareness but also provides a valuable platform for improving your language skills if you are learning a new language.
Reading extensively in your target language is crucial for enhancing vocabulary and language comprehension, both vital for effective translation Engaging with various materials such as newspapers, magazines, and dictionaries related to economics can significantly improve your understanding of economic terminology This practice not only refines your word choice and sentence structure but also addresses challenges in translating economic texts A solid foundation in economic knowledge simplifies the translation process, making it easier to convey complex concepts accurately.
Developing a reading habit exposes individuals to a variety of new vocabulary It's beneficial to underline unfamiliar terms and refer to their meanings within context, enhancing comprehension and retention This practice not only helps in remembering the words but also in using them accurately Additionally, engaging in exercises that focus on translating economic terminology can further strengthen language skills and understanding.
Practicing translation through economic newspapers, magazines, and articles is an effective method for mastering economic terminology in English To succeed in translation, immerse yourself in diverse topics that interest you and read extensively Remember to retain key information, and if you encounter unclear sections, it's advisable to skip them to maintain your reading flow, with the intention of revisiting them later for deeper understanding.
Regularly reading newspapers, magazines, and books enhances background knowledge and fosters an interest in global events Engaging with diverse topics, even those outside one's primary focus, proves beneficial for future translation work By consistently exploring economic publications, translators not only broaden their understanding but also become adept at translating abbreviations, making this task significantly easier over time.
To enhance your translation skills, particularly in economic terminology, dedicate time each day to practice Remember, no translator is perfect; improvement comes from consistent effort Keep a record of your mistakes to avoid repeating them, and consider using back-translation techniques If you typically translate from English to another language, try translating in the opposite direction to strengthen your understanding and fluency in both languages.
To enhance your economic terminology translation skills, I recommend the VOA Special Learning English YouTube channel, which offers audio content with transcripts for each video This resource is particularly beneficial for students looking to practice translating economic texts Additionally, focusing on improving English grammar is essential for effective translation.
Many students find grammar to be a source of stress due to its complexity However, mastering grammar is vital for effective translation, making it important to learn straightforward techniques to enhance your grammar skills.
Limitations of the study
The translation of terminology in economic texts presents significant challenges that require careful consideration This study provides an overview of these translation problems, highlighting the complexities involved in accurately conveying economic concepts across different languages By examining the nuances of economic terminology, the research aims to identify key issues and propose strategies to enhance translation accuracy and effectiveness in this specialized field.
Despite significant investment of time and effort, researchers often face limitations such as restricted time, insufficient resources, and varying levels of expertise, which can lead to unavoidable shortcomings and errors in the study.
The study involved a limited sample size, with only 80 students from the English Department at Thuongmai University selected based on specific criteria set by the researcher As a result, the findings may not be applicable to the broader population of translators.
Secondly, during the research process, the researcher conducts the questionnaire but cannot conduct other methods such as case-study, classroom observation which can make the results obtained more reliably
Thirdly, in the questionnaire, the researcher did not question for the learning environment, learning tools, and there are no specific translations to see the real difficulties in translation.
Finally, the techniques suggested in this research are selected from different reliable but limited sources.
Suggestions for further research
The study focused on the challenges faced by 80 final-year English majors at Thuongmai University in translating economic terminology For future research, it is recommended to expand the participant pool by including students from diverse backgrounds to obtain more comprehensive insights into the difficulties and underlying causes of translation issues Additionally, employing a mixed-methods approach that includes teacher interviews could provide a deeper understanding of the translation challenges and strategies utilized by students.
The significance of translation has surged in recent decades due to international trade, migration, globalization, and advancements in mass media and technology Translators serve as vital bilingual or multilingual cultural intermediaries, striving for accuracy in conveying texts However, English major students often encounter challenges in mastering translation skills, leading to inevitable mistakes This thesis aims to identify the difficulties faced by students and align their expectations in translation studies during their early academic years The researcher seeks to provide practical suggestions and solutions to help students overcome these challenges and enhance the quality of training methods at Thuongmai University.
This study aims to serve as a valuable resource for enhancing the quality of learning and training at Thuongmai University, particularly for those aspiring to become professional translators While we hope it will benefit many, it is important to acknowledge that this is our first research endeavor, and encountering mistakes is part of the learning process Due to time constraints, we faced challenges in scheduling interviews and gathering comprehensive information about student expectations Additionally, meeting the diverse needs of all students is complex, and some of the expectations highlighted may not fully represent everyone’s requirements.
The study titled “Common Difficulties in Translation of Economic Terminology Encountered by Final-Year Students of the English Faculty, Thuongmai University” addresses significant challenges faced by students in translating economic texts Despite its limitations, the research aims to provide valuable insights that can enhance the learning and teaching methods for both students and educators This thesis is expected to contribute meaningfully to the understanding of translation difficulties in the context of economic terminology.
1 Hoang Thi Bay, (2005), A study on the translation of economic terminology, Vietnam National University College of Foreign Languages.
2 Pham Thi Minh Chien, (2010), A study on English translation of Vietnamese traditional medicine texts, University of Languages and International Studies.
3 Catford, (1965), A Linguistic Theory of Translation, Oxford University Publishing House, Oxford.
4 Hatim and Mason, (1990), Discourse and the Translator, Longman Publishing House, UK.
5 Hay Gentzler, (1993), Contemporary Translation Theories, Roudledge Publishing House, London & New York.
6 Ivanka Sakareva, Difficulties and some problems in translating legal documents.
7 Jakobson, (1959), On Linguistic Aspects of translation, Article published in The Translation Studies Reader, L Venuti (ed.) Roudledge, London & New York, (1998).
8 Newmark, Peter, (1988), A Textbook of Translation, Prentice Hall.
9 Newmark, Peter, (1982), Approaches to Translation, Pergamon Press.
10 Albert Sydney Hornby, (1942), Oxford learner Dictionaries.
11 Theory of interpreting and translation, Thuongmai University.
12 Yasminar Amaerita Telaubanua, (2014), Analysis of Translation Difficulties for the Fourth Semester Students of English Department of IKIP Gunungsitoli Year 2013/2014.
13 http://luanvan.net.vn/luan-van/de-tai-a-study-on-translation-of-economic-and- trade-terminology-from-english-into-vietnamese-71632/
14. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326716636_CHALLENGES_IN_TRANSLATING_EDUCATIONAL_TERMINOLOGY problems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDY
This survey aims to find out difficulties in translation of the terminology in economic texts encountered by final-year students of English faculty, Thuongmai University.
I would really appreciate it if you could take some time to fill out this questionnaire. Many thanks!
First of all, please translate following terminologies:
NO English meaning Vietnamese meaning
2 Circulation and distribution of commodity
5 Allowances and expenses for corporation tax
6 The openness of the economy
Question 1 In your opinion, learning translation is………
The translation of terminology in economic texts presents both challenges and intriguing issues This study aims to explore these complexities, focusing on the difficulties encountered in accurately conveying economic concepts across languages Understanding these problems is crucial for improving translation practices and ensuring clarity in economic communication.
Question 2 The reason why students study translation is … (you can choose more than one answer)
☐ Because it is a compulsory subject
☐ Because it is helpful, I can expand knowledge, learn a lot of information
☐ Because I want to study more skills to make myself more perfect.
Question 3 In your opinion, studying translation can help you… (you can choose more than one answer)
☐ Use grammar structures more flexibly
☐ Work or study effectively Others: ……….
Question 4 How much time do you usually spend studying translating the terminology in economic texts (as self-study)?
☐ About 5 hours per week ☐ About 10 hours per week
This study examines the challenges faced in translating terminology within economic texts, highlighting the complexities and nuances involved It underscores the necessity for precise translation methods to convey accurate meanings, given the specialized nature of economic language The findings reveal that over 10 hours per week are dedicated to addressing these translation issues, emphasizing the significance of expertise in economic terminology for effective communication.
Question 5 How often do you have difficulties when translating the terminology in economic texts?
Question 6 What is the biggest challenge you have to face when translating the terminology in economic texts?
☐ Words and choices of word meanings
☐ Lack of economic background knowledge
☐ Difficulty translating the terminology you hardly use Others: ………
Question 7 What do you often do when you encounter new terms?
☐ Look up its meaning by using a dictionary or Google Translate tool
☐ Ignore it and translate other words, then go back to guess its meaning in the context.
☐ Skip it and translate others
☐ Ask your friends or your teacher Others: ………
Question 8 What do you often do after you finish your translation? problems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDYproblems.in.translation.of.the.terminology.in.economic.texts.CHAPTER.1.OVERVIEW.OF.THE.STUDY
☐ Read it again to correct some mistakes if there are
☐ Read it again and try to translate it in another way
☐ Wait for your teacher’s feedback Others: ………
Question 9 What has a great influence on your interest in translating the terminology in economic texts?
Question 10 What do you often do to improve your translation of the terminology in economic texts?
☐ Reviewing your teacher’s feedback to learn vocabulary, grammar and way of using vocabulary
☐ Reading and practicing translating business newspapers or economic magazines
Question 11 Please indicate your level of consent to the statements below with the convention as follows:
This study examines the challenges associated with translating terminology in economic texts It provides an overview of the key issues faced by translators, including the nuances of economic language and the importance of accurate terminology to convey meaning effectively The research highlights the complexities involved in maintaining the integrity of economic concepts during translation, emphasizing the need for specialized knowledge in both the source and target languages Understanding these problems is crucial for improving translation quality and ensuring clear communication in economic discourse.