Rationale for the study
Mastering idiomatic expressions is one of the most challenging aspects of learning English as a second language English is filled with idioms used in everyday conversations, business meetings, and academic writing Among these, weather-related idioms pose significant difficulties for non-native speakers due to their figurative meanings, which are often not apparent from the literal interpretation of the words.
Vietnam, as a developing country, is striving to integrate into the global economy, making the improvement of English proficiency essential This has led to a rising demand for English skills, particularly in business, tourism, and international communication To address this need, a focused study titled “An investigation into English idioms with words denoting weather and their Vietnamese equivalents” explores a small yet significant portion of the rich idiomatic expressions found in both English and Vietnamese.
This study investigates English idioms related to weather, identifies their Vietnamese equivalents, and analyzes their practical application in daily life By comparing the usage of these idioms across two distinct cultures, the research highlights the cultural nuances and relevance of weather-related expressions in both English and Vietnamese.
This study aims to aid readers in understanding English idioms related to weather and their Vietnamese counterparts, offering valuable insights for second language learners and educators By enhancing the knowledge and skills of non-native English speakers, the research aspires to improve their communicative competence and cross-cultural understanding in global contexts.
Aims of the study
This study explores English idioms that include weather-related terms and their Vietnamese counterparts A detailed compilation of these idioms was created, facilitating an analysis of their meanings and translations into Vietnamese.
The study explored the cultural and historical contexts that influenced the development of idioms in both Vietnamese and English, highlighting the similarities and differences in their grammatical structures and cultural significance.
Scope of the study
This study utilized two primary sources: "The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms: Second Edition" (2004) by Oxford University Press and "Tu dien thanh ngu va tuc ngu Viet Nam" (2014) by Professor Nguyen Lan It aimed to summarize, compare, and analyze English idioms related to weather alongside their Vietnamese counterparts, while also emphasizing significant cultural and grammatical elements inherent in these idioms.
Significance of the study
The exploration of English weather-related idioms and their Vietnamese counterparts is essential for enhancing cross-cultural communication and understanding These idioms reflect the cultural traditions, beliefs, and mindsets of their speakers, making them a vital part of language Analyzing the similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese idioms provides valuable insights into the distinct cultural perspectives and linguistic subtleties inherent in both languages.
Exploring idioms enhances readers' comprehension of the figurative language used in daily communication Grasping these idiomatic expressions is essential for effective interaction, especially in our diverse multilingual and multicultural society.
Additionally, the study enables readers to understand the varied abstract and conceptual meanings that these expressions cause.
Research method
The investigation of English idioms related to weather employed an analysis and synthesis method, which involved breaking down the idioms and examining the usage of weather-related words This approach allowed for a comprehensive understanding of their meaning and contextual suitability within English language and culture By integrating cultural and grammatical elements into the analysis, the study revealed the nuances and deeper meanings behind these weather-related idioms.
A qualitative research approach was utilized to explore English idioms and their Vietnamese equivalents by thoroughly reviewing relevant sources, including books, academic journals, and online materials Thematic analysis was conducted to identify and categorize prevalent themes related to idioms that incorporate weather-related terms.
Design of the study
The study is divided into three parts: Introduction, Development, and Conclusion
The Introduction highlights the key concepts of exploring idioms with words denoting weather in English and their corresponding Vietnamese equivalents
The Development section is divided into three chapters, with Chapter 1 focusing on the theoretical framework that examines the interplay between language and culture It highlights the distinctions between literal and idiomatic interpretations while also analyzing previous research related to the subject.
Chapter 2 summarizes and examines the meaning of words denoting weather in English and its equivalents in Vietnamese
Chapter 3 of the graduation paper compares English idioms related to weather with their Vietnamese counterparts, highlighting the cultural characteristics inherent in both languages This analysis uncovers both the similarities and differences in how weather-related terms are expressed The Conclusion summarizes the key discussions and findings presented throughout the thesis.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Definition of idioms
Idioms are intricately linked to specific cultures and languages, often originating from historical events, traditions, or folklore This cultural connection can make idioms challenging for those unfamiliar with the relevant language or cultural context.
Idioms are essential linguistic expressions that embody the unique objects, concepts, and phenomena of a specific culture, as noted by Amineh Adelnia and Hossein Vahid Dastjerdi They play a crucial role in preserving the local and cultural essence of any language.
In a definition given by Manser [5], an idiom is a group of words established by usage as having a meaning not deducible from those of the individual words
Idioms are unique expressions that reflect the language of a specific group, whether it be a people, country, class, or community, as noted by Fernando [6] These phrases possess meanings that diverge from their literal interpretations and do not adhere to conventional linguistic patterns.
1.1.2.1 The usage of idioms about the meaning
An idiom is a phrase or expression with a figurative meaning that differs from its literal interpretation, as highlighted by Lundmark and Owen Unique to specific languages and cultures, idioms are prevalent in everyday language and can be challenging to translate directly For instance, the English idiom “kick the bucket” means to die, despite the individual words having no connection to death These expressions enrich communication by conveying messages through creative and vivid language.
1.1.2.2 The usage of idioms about the spiritual values
Idioms, while challenging for language learners, play a crucial role in enhancing communication by adding expressiveness to both spoken and written language They also convey cultural nuances, fostering a deeper connection to one's linguistic heritage.
Individuals who are not well-versed in English may struggle to grasp idiomatic expressions like "let the cat out of the bag," which signifies revealing a secret Likewise, those unfamiliar with American culture might find it challenging to interpret the phrase "hit the hay," which means to go to sleep.
The idiom "face the music" signifies the importance of taking responsibility for one's actions, particularly in challenging circumstances This phrase embodies cultural values such as accountability, honesty, and integrity, highlighting the necessity of confronting the consequences of one's decisions.
The Vietnamese idiom "Ăn quả nhớ kẻ trồng cây," which translates to "When eating fruit, remember who planted the tree," emphasizes the significance of gratitude and recognizing the contributions of others to one's success This saying encourages individuals to acknowledge and appreciate the efforts of those who have helped them along the way, highlighting the importance of giving credit where it is due.
Words denoting weather idioms in English
Words denoting weather idioms in English refer to phrases or expressions that use weather terms to convey a particular meaning
English idioms related to weather often employ figurative language to describe various atmospheric conditions, adding color, expressiveness, and creativity to both spoken and written communication Additionally, these idioms reflect cultural nuances tied to weather patterns, climate, and social contexts.
Idioms related to weather often convey deeper meanings, such as "weather the storm," which signifies enduring difficult times and overcoming challenges, akin to a ship surviving turbulent seas Another example is "under the weather," indicating that someone feels unwell or sick, a phrase that dates back to the 1800s when "weather" referred to a person's physical or emotional condition.
When incorporating idioms into conversation, it's crucial to consider the context to ensure their meanings align with the situation For instance, using the phrase "raining cats and dogs" to describe heavy rain is generally understood, but applying it to serious matters, such as a medical emergency, may undermine the necessary tone and urgency.
In summary, idiomatic phrases related to weather are formed by linking weather conditions to specific ideas, emotions, or situations Incorporating these weather-related idioms can enhance creativity and introduce cultural subtleties in both spoken and written communication Nonetheless, it is essential to use them thoughtfully, ensuring a clear understanding of their meanings and appropriate contexts.
Previous research
English weather idioms enrich the language and provide a vibrant means of expression These idioms, steeped in history, have captivated scholars and language enthusiasts alike for centuries, making them a compelling aspect of English communication.
Idioms can differ significantly across regions, prompting researchers to investigate their cultural significance and usage For non-native English speakers, the metaphorical meanings of these expressions can be challenging, as they often diverge from their literal interpretations English learners frequently struggle with these idioms, highlighting the need for research to aid educators in teaching them effectively Furthermore, examining idiomatic expressions related to weather can enhance our understanding of how the brain processes figurative language.
Research studies highlight the diverse usage and impact of weather-related words and expressions across different contexts They reveal insights into the similarities and differences in how these terms are employed across various cultures and languages, influencing both communication and language learning.
The research by V T Sinh highlights the critical role of idiomatic expressions related to weather in English language learning, emphasizing their connection to cultural values and the necessity of cultural awareness for comprehension Similarly, D T B Huong's study investigates the similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese weather-related idioms, noting the challenges posed by their unpredictable meanings influenced by cultural, syntactical, and semantic factors The findings reveal that while both languages share some idioms, Vietnamese expressions are generally more direct, whereas English idioms are often abstract and metaphorical The study further examines effective teaching methods for weather-related vocabulary, common mistakes made by non-native speakers, and the cultural and psychological influences on the interpretation of weather-related language.
Overall, these studies help us better understand the significance of words denoting weather and expressions in different contexts, and how they can be effectively taught and used in communication.
Summary
This chapter outlines the theoretical framework for analyzing English and Vietnamese idioms, emphasizing the importance of both literal and idiomatic meanings It briefly reviews previous studies on English idioms related to weather, highlighting their cultural and grammatical significance These idioms play a vital role in conveying cultural meanings and fostering connections to cultural heritage.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research subjects
The research subjects are an investigation into English Idioms with words denoting weather and their Vietnamese equivalents
The study reveals significant cultural and linguistic differences in idioms between the two languages, highlighting discrepancies in their meanings and usage It also investigates the syntactic and semantic characteristics of these idioms, delves into the underlying conceptual metaphors and cultural associations, and explores their connections to other grammatical and vocabulary elements within the languages.
Data analysis
Both "The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms" and "Tu dien thanh ngu va tuc ngu Viet Nam" are reputable resources from Oxford University and the Vietnam Literary Publishing House, respectively These dictionaries offer in-depth explanations of idioms, detailing their meanings and providing practical usage examples Utilizing these texts can enhance one's knowledge and foster a deeper understanding of the cultural similarities and differences between Vietnamese and English-speaking communities, as well as the grammatical nuances inherent in each language.
2.2.1 The second edition of “The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms” [2004]
The second edition of "The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms," edited by lexicographer Judith Siefring at OUP, features a diverse array of entries compiled from various lexicographers, language experts, and examples drawn from literature and popular culture.
Picture 2.1 The Oxford dictionary of idioms
(Source: GF Books, Inc at Amazon)
The second edition of "The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms," published by Oxford University Press on December 16, 2004, serves as a comprehensive reference for English speakers This authoritative resource includes over 6,000 idiomatic expressions from across the English-speaking world, providing definitions, origins, and contextual examples to enhance understanding and usage.
The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms, 2nd edition, has over 5000 phrases, including
The latest update features 350 new entries and 500 recently discovered quotations, enhancing the world's largest language study initiative This informative content includes illustrative quotes and is presented in a user-friendly format, making it easy to navigate idioms The revamped design and layout facilitate quick access, while additional features such as usage notes and tips for effective writing and speech further enrich the experience.
2.2.2 “Tu dien thanh ngu va tuc ngu Viet Nam” of Prof Nguyen Lan [2014]
"The 'Dictionary of Vietnamese Idioms and Proverbs,' authored by Professor Nguyen Lan, serves as a comprehensive reference for understanding Vietnamese idiomatic expressions and proverbs First published in 2014 by LPH, this valuable resource has been reprinted multiple times, reflecting its popularity and usefulness to readers."
Picture 2.2 Tu dien thanh ngu va tuc ngu Viet Nam
This comprehensive book features almost 6,000 idiomatic expressions and proverbs, organized alphabetically for convenient access Each entry not only defines the idiom or proverb but also explores its origin and usage, accompanied by contextual examples to illustrate its application.
"Tu dien thanh ngu va tuc ngu Viet Nam" is a highly regarded reference book that focuses on Vietnamese idiomatic expressions and proverbs It remains an essential resource for those interested in exploring the intricacies of the Vietnamese language and culture.
The synthesis of English idioms with words denoting weather
The weather we encounter daily significantly influences our routines and activities, making it essential to pay attention to it English idiomatic expressions related to weather enrich the language, showcasing cultural and regional variations in weather experiences among English speakers These expressions reflect how individuals draw inspiration from their surroundings, leading to creative and vivid forms of self-expression Words can be categorized into three main groups based on their characteristics.
2.3.1 English idioms with words about weather condition
The English language boasts a rich vocabulary for describing diverse weather conditions A study by Stewart highlights that the "words about weather condition" encompass terms related to atmospheric phenomena such as temperature, precipitation, wind, humidity, and atmospheric pressure This specialized lexicon allows individuals to articulate their observations, experiences, and emotions regarding weather events with precision and clarity Examples of these descriptive words include "sunny," among many others.
Descriptive weather terms such as "cloudy," "rainy," "bright," "dry," "rough," "clear," "blizzard," and "heatwave" enable readers to articulate their weather-related experiences and emotions with precision For example, during extreme heat, one might use adjectives like scorching, sweltering, or blistering, while a cold snap could be described with words like icy, chilly, or freezing.
The English language features numerous idioms that incorporate weather-related terms, such as "to be on cloud nine," which signifies extreme happiness These idioms leverage descriptive weather vocabulary to express a wide range of ideas, including emotions and varying degrees of difficulty A curated collection of weather-themed idioms has been compiled for reference.
Table 2.1 English idioms with words about weather condition
Sáng tinh mơ (484) Very early in the morning 1.2 As bright as a button (38)
The glamour and excitement of a big city
1.4 Bright spark (38) Ăn ngay nói thẳng
A wealthy, pleasure, loving and fashionable young person
1.6 Look on the bright side (38)
Be optimistic or cheerful in spite of difficulties
1.7 Bright- eyed and bushy- tailed (38)
Bé hạt tiêu (54) Alert and lively
2 2.1 Clear the air (55) Ra ngô, ra khoai
Defuse or clarify an angry
2.2 Clear as a bell (55) Rõ mồn một (476) Very easy to hear
Very easy to see or understand
2.4 Clear as mud (55) Nói nhăng nói cuội
Not at all easy to understand
Vẽ đường cho hươu chạy (605)
Prepare for a particular event or goal
2.6 In clear (55) Thật như đếm (523) Not in code
2.7 In the clear (55) Có chí làm quan, có gan làm giàu (124)
With nothing hinder someone in achieving something
2.8 Out of a clear blue sky (55)
3 3.1 On cloud nine (56) Chín tầng mây
3.2 Under a cloud (56) Dông tố phũ phàng
Under suspicion or dis-credited
3.3 With your head in the clouds (56)
Tâm bất tại (508) Out of touch with reality; daydreaming
4 4.1 A damp squib (72) Sự thật mất lòng
An unsuccessful attempt to impress, an anticlimax
To take a lot of money from someone over a period of time
5.2 Come up dry (87) Tay không bắt gió trời (506)
5.3 Dry as dust (87) Chán mớ đời (88) extremely dull
5.4 There wasn’t a dry eye in the house
Sa nước mắt (482) Everyone in the audience of a film, play, speech, was moved to tears
5.5 Hang someone out to dry (135)
Leave someone in a difficult or vulnerable situation 5.6 High and dry (143) Cắm sào sâu, khó nhổ (80)
Successful in achieving your objective
Chán như cơm nếp nát (88)
5.9 Run dry (249) Hết sạch sành sanh
6 6.1 Cut it fine (106) Sát sàn sạt (485) Allow a very small margin of something, usually time
6.2 Fine feathers (106) Người đẹp vì lụa
6.3 Not to put too fine a point on it (106)
6.4 One fine day (106) Một sớm một chiều
At some unspecified or unknown time
Tính một đàng, ra một nẻo (554)
Used to indicate that something is very unlikely to happen
Tránh vỏ dưa, gặp vỏ dừa (565)
A general feeling of pessimism or despondency
9 9.1 Break the ice (37) Nói khan nói vã To make people who
(428) have not met before feel more relaxed with each other
9.2 Cut no ice (70) Công dã tràng
Have no influence or effect
9.3 On ice (152) Hoãn binh chi kế
(1) held in reserve for future consideration
(2) kept chilled by being surrounded by ice
(152) Đùa với lửa (212) In a precarious or risky situation 9.5 The icing on the cake (152)
An attractive but inessential addition enhancement
The same calamity never occurs twice
11 11.1 A rainy day (237) Ba chìm, bảy nổi, chín lênh đênh (37)
A possible time of need, usually financial need, in the future
12 12.1 Cut up rough (70) Nói như chém đá
Behave in an aggressive, quarrelsome, or awkward way
12.2 A rough diamond Ngọc còn ẩn bóng A person who is
(77) cây tùng (391) kinder and more pleasant than they seem to be from their appearance and manner
12.3 Live rough (175) Sinh vô gia cư, tử vô địa tang (490)
Live and sleep outdoors as a consequence of having no proper home
12.4 A rough ride (242) Cá nằm lưỡi dao
(1) Rough or crude but effective
(2) Unsophisticated or unrefined 12.6 Rough around the edges (247)
(247) Ăn có mời, làm có khiến (21)
12.8 The rough edge of your tongue (247)
12.9 Rough edges (247) Cây khô chưa dễ mọc chồi (84)
Slight imperfections in someone or something that is basically satisfactory
Thượng bất chính, hạ tắc loạn (545)
(1)Treatment, especially punishment, that is approximately fair
(2) treatment that is not at all fair or not in accordance with the law
12.13 Sleep rough (248) Ăn bờ, ở bụi (18) Sleep in uncomfortable conditions 12.14 Take the rough with the smooth
Thả săn sắt bắt cá sộp (512)
Accept the difficult or unpleasant aspects of life as well as the good
Trời còn rộng sông còn dài (580)
It is human nature always to find fresh cause for optimism
A man who is ready to cope with any contingency and whose behaviour is always appropriate to every occasion
15 15.1 Ride off into the sunset (242)
Cày sâu tốt lúa (79) Achieve a happy conclusion to something
Chết đuối vớ được cọc (100)
Someone or something that brings happiness into the lives of others 15.3 Ride and shine
Một cây làm chẳng nên non, ba cây chụm lại nên hòn núi cao (357)
Get out of bed smartly
Spoil the brilliance or excitement of, overshadow
Bóng trăng khi khuyết khi tròn (60)
Fried on one side only
16 16.1 All wet (310) Sai một li đi một dặm (483)
Mistaken, completely wrong 16.2 Wet the baby’s head (310)
Vui như mở cờ trong bụng (615)
Celebrate a baby’s birth with a drink 16.3 Wet behind the ears (310)
Con sâu làm rầu nồi canh (141)
Someone who has a depressing or discouraging effect on others 16.5 Wet your whistle
Say bét nhè (485) Have an alcoholic drink
Act according to prevailing circumstances rather than a consistent plan
17.2 Which way the wind blow (30) Đường đi nước bước (218)
How a situation is likely to develop 17.3 Throw caution to the wind (49)
Act in a completely reckless manner 17.4 To the four winds
(2) So as to be abandoned or neglect 17.5 Gone with the wind
Mất cả chì lẫn chài
Do something that is ineffective or a waste of time 17.7 Put the wind up
17.9 Sail close to the wind (251)
Một liều ba bảy cũng liều (361)
Verge on indecency, dishonesty, or disaster
17.10 Take the wind out of someone’s sails
Chẳng được ăn thì đạp đổ (92)
Frustrate a person by unexpectedly anticipating an action or remark 17.11 Two sheets to the wind (258)
Bỏ bùn sang ao (58) A futile or pointless activity
A slight but significant hint of future development 17.14 Twist in the wind
Ai làm, người ấy chịu (11)
Be left in a state of suspense or uncertainly 17.15 Whistle in the wind
(311) Áo ngắn giũ chẳng nên dài (16)
Try unsuccessfully to influence something that be cannot changed 17.16 Whistle something down the wind
Huýt chó vào bụi rậm (261)
Let something go; abandon something; or slender anyone 17.18 Between wind and water (313) Đầu sóng, ngọn gió
17.19 Get wind off (313) Một mất, mười ngờ
Begin to suspect that something is happen 17.20 It’s an ill wind
Mất cả vốn lẫn lãi
Few things are so bad that no one profits from them 17.21 Wind someone round your little finger (314)
Have the ability to make someone do whatever you want
Someone who cannot be relied on in a crisis
2.3.2 English idioms with words about temperature
The English language is rich with idioms that incorporate temperature-related words, such as hot, cold, warm, and cool These terms are essential for describing the heat levels of objects and environments, serving both scientific and everyday conversational purposes, particularly in expressing personal emotions and social contexts Koptjevskaja-Tamm suggested that temperature-related idioms reflect ideas about mood, social interactions, and their consequences This section presents a compilation of idioms that feature these temperature-related words, gathered during the study.
Table 2.2 English idioms with words about temperature
1 1.1 In cold blood (29) Sống chết mặc bay, tiền thầy bỏ túi (492)
Unemotional, without feeling or mercy (like cruel)
1.2 Make your blood run cold (29)
It makes you feel very frightened
Sáng gió may, tối quay gió nồm (484)
To sometimes like or be interested in something or someone and sometimes not 1.4 Blow your cool (30) Tức nước vỡ bờ
To lose control of one's composure, temper, or nerve
An attractive but inessential addition or enhancement
1.5 Catch a cold (48) Chuột chạy cùng sào
1.7 Cold comfort (56) Bảo hoàng hơn nhà vua (47)
1.8 Cold feed (56) Lo bò trắng răng
Loss of nerve or confidence
1.9 In the cold light of day (56)
When you have had time to consider a situation objectively 1.10 The cold shoulder
A show of intentional unfriendliness, rejection 1.11 Go cold turkey (56) Cải ác vị thiện (74) Suddenly and completely stop talking drugs
Have someone at your mercy
Có cũng nên, không cũng chớ (125)
Fail to interest or excite someone
1.14 Left out in the cold
Bơ vơ như chó lạc đàn (63)
1.15 Out cold (59) Bất tỉnh nhân sự (52) Completely unconscious 1.16 Pour cold water on
Be discouraging or negative about a plan or suggestion 1.17 Cool as a cucumber
Perfectly cool or self- possessed
1.18 Revenge is a dish best served cold
Vengeance is often more satisfying if it is not exacted immediately 1.19 Cool your heels (62) Chờ hết nước hết cái
To wait, sometimes so that one becomes calmer or more composed
2 2.1 Freeze the balls off a brass monkey (116)
Rét như cắt (476) Used in various phrases to refer to extremely cold weather
Fill you with feeling of fear or horror 2.3 Until hell freezes over (142)
Thời bất tái lai (535) For an extremely long time or forever
3 3.1 Hot air (4) Một tấc lên trời
Empty talk that is intended to impress 3.2 Sell like hot cakes
Be sold quickly and in large quantities
3.3 Like a cat on a hot tin roof (48)
Lo co đầu gối (315) Very agitated, restless
3.4 Drop someone or something like a hot potato (87)
Quickly abandon someone or something 3.5 Go hot and cold
Sợ run như dẽ (495) Feelings of fear, embarrassment, or shock
3.7 Hot and heavy (150) Cãi nhau như chém chả (75)
3.8 Hot on the hells of
Dính như sơn (170) Following closely
3.9 Hot to trot (150) Sẵn nong, sẵn né
Ready and eager to engage in a activity 3.10 Hot under the collar
Tức lộn tiết (591) Angry, resentful, or embarrassed 3.11 In hot water (150) Nước sôi, lửa bỏng
3.12 Make it hot for someone (150)
Make life difficult for someone
3.13 Too hot to hold you
Not safe to remain in because of your past misconduct
3.14 Piping hot (220) Nóng hôi hổi (433) Very hot
5 5.1 If you can’t stand the heat, get out of the kitchen (140) Ăn lấy chắc, mặc lấy bền (26)
To tell someone that they should either stop complaining about a difficult or unpleasant activity or stop doing it 5.2 In the heat of the moment (141)
Giận mất khôn (237) While temporarily angry, excited, or engrossed, and without stopping for thought
5.3 Turn the heat on someone or something (141) Ăn quanh ăn quẩn
Concentrate pressure or criticism on someone or something
6 6.1 Keep something warm for someone
Một người làm quan cả họ được nhờ
Hold or occupy a place or post until another person a ready to do something 6.2 Warm as toast (307) Ấm cật no lòng (36) Pleasantly warm
6.3 Warm the cockles of someone’s heart
Lá lành đùm lá rách
Give someone a comforting feeling of pleasure or contentment
2.3.3 English idioms with words about weather phenomenon
"Weather phenomenon vocabulary encompasses terms, expressions, and idioms associated with various atmospheric conditions, including rain, snow, wind, thunderstorms, and hurricanes Utilizing these words allows for more precise and descriptive communication about weather conditions and their impacts."
Table 2.3 English idioms with words about weather phenomenon
(1) Be swollen and overflowing its banks
1.2 In a fog (113) Vịt nghe sấm (608) Unable to think clearly or understanding something 1.3 Not have the foggiest idea (113)
Lơ láo như bù nhìn
Have no idea at all
2.2 It never rains but it pours (236)
Họa vô đơn chí, phước bất trùng lai
Misfortunes or difficult situations tend to follow each other in rapid succession or to arrive all at the same time 2.3 Rain on someone’s parade (236)
Không ăn ốc phải đổ vỏ (282)
Prevent someone from enjoying an occasion
Vén mây mù mới thấy trời xanh (606)
Whether it rains or not
2.5 Right as rain (236) Đâu vào đấy (190) Perfectly fit and well
2.6 At the end of the rainbow (236)
Used to refer to something much sought after but impossible to attain 2.7 Chase rainbows
Vớt trăng dưới nước, mò kim giữa duềnh
When politely refusing an offer, with the implication that you may take it up at a later date
3 3.1 Send someone to the shower (261)
Fail early on in a race or contest
3.2 All and sundry (5) Tứ hải giai huynh đệ
3.3 Catch a sun (48) Nắng cháy đồi (381) Become tanned or sunburnt 3.4 Place on the sun
A position of favour or advantage 3.5 Rise with the sun
Get up early in the morning
3.6 Make hay on the sun shines (282)
Make good you of an opportunity while it lasts
The time of someone’s prosperity is over 3.8 The sun is over the yardarm (282)
It is the time of day when it is permissible to drink alcohol 3.9 Under the sun (282) Ở đời được mấy gang tay (449)
4.1 The eye of the storm
Hàng thịt nguýt hàng cá (246)
(1) The calm region at the centre of a storm or hurricane
(2) The most intense part of a tumultous situation
4.2 The lull before the storm (179)
Không ai giàu ba họ, không ai khóa ba đời
A period of unusual tranquillity or stability that seems likely to presage difficult time
(237) Ướt sề còn hơn về không (596)
In adverse circumstances any source of relief or escape is welcome 4.4 Pure as the driven snow (231)
Chết thằng gian, chẳng chết thằng ngay (101)
Be enthusiastically received by an audience
4.6 A storm in the teacup (278) Đầu bằng con ruồi, đuôi bằng cái đũa
(1) capture a place by a sudden an violent attack
(2) have great and rapid success in a particular place
4.8 Up a storm (279) Ăn se sẻ đẻ con voi
Perform a particular action with great enthusiasm and energy
Unrestrained and violent action or behaviour
5.2 Like a dying duck in a thunderstorm
Having a dejected or hopeless expression
Dựa hơi hùm, vểnh râu cáo (173)
Win praise for yourself by pre- empting someone else’s attempt to impress
Gió chiều nào, che chiều ấy (238)
Someone who cannot be relied on in a crisis
Nói ít, suýt ra to
Have unnecessary difficulty in dealing with a task or problem 6.4 Keep the weather eye on (309)
6.5 Make good weather of it (309)
Có công mài sắt, có ngày nên kim (125)
Cope well in the storm
Ngựa ô chẳng cưỡi, cưỡi bò, đường ngay không chạy chạy dò đường quanh (397)
Suffer serious consequences as a result of your actions
In an advantageous position in relation to
Summary
This chapter provides an in-depth exploration of English idioms related to weather, featuring definitions sourced from "The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms: Second Edition" and "Từ Điển Thành Ngữ Tục Ngữ Việt Nam." By analyzing these idioms and their meanings, readers can enhance their understanding of the culture and language within English-speaking communities.
RESEARCH RESULTS
Analysis of the syntactic function of English idioms with words
English idioms possess distinctive and often irregular grammatical characteristics that can perplex language learners These include unconventional verb forms, prepositions, and sentence structures, alongside metaphorical language Grasping these grammatical features is crucial for mastering idioms and using them accurately, while also offering a glimpse into the vibrant culture and history that these expressions reflect.
English idioms that incorporate weather-related words exhibit diverse grammatical functions based on their sentence context, as noted by Zolnowska and Levin and Krejci These idioms typically mirror the behavior of other phrases with comparable syntax, allowing them to serve various grammatical roles, including subject, object, adverb, adjective, or complement.
3.1.1 Idioms function as subjects or objects
Weather-related idioms can serve as subjects or objects in sentences, adapting to different contexts These idiomatic expressions often act as the main focus, delivering the core message while effectively engaging the target audience.
3.1.1.1 English idioms function as subjects
English idioms related to weather serve as effective subjects in sentences, functioning as figurative language that likens concepts to weather conditions These idioms not only convey the main idea of a sentence or clause but also establish a framework for expressing actions or states within the sentence Furthermore, they create meaningful comparisons between natural phenomena and everyday experiences, enriching the language and enhancing communication.
John had a consistent routine of waking up at 5 AM every day, embodying the idiom "as bright and early," which signifies waking up very early in the morning This phrase effectively illustrates John's dedication to starting his day at the crack of dawn.
Taking unnecessary risks in business, often referred to as "sailing close to the wind," can lead to potential failure This idiom highlights the dangers of engaging in risky behavior, emphasizing the importance of caution in decision-making In the competitive landscape of business, it's crucial to weigh the risks carefully to avoid detrimental outcomes.
A "wet blanket" refers to an individual who possesses a negative attitude, often dampening the spirits of those around them Last night's party was overshadowed by such a person, whose constant complaints detracted from the overall enjoyment.
Feeling unwelcome at the office, she experienced the cold shoulder from her coworkers, who ignored and treated her unkindly.
The phrase "a rough diamond" signifies an individual who, despite seeming unrefined or lacking polish, holds significant potential or talent This idiom emphasizes that outward appearances often fail to reveal a person's true value or capabilities, suggesting that true worth lies beneath the surface.
3.1.1.2 English idioms function as objects
English idioms related to weather enhance language by serving as objects within sentences, contributing to the predicate that describes actions or states These idioms add a poetic and metaphorical dimension, allowing for the expression of complex ideas in simple, memorable terms By functioning as direct or indirect objects of verbs or prepositions, weather-related idioms enable speakers and writers to convey nuanced meanings while engaging their audience effectively.
To resolve the tension or misunderstanding between us, it's essential that we finally address what's been bothering us and "clear the air." This expression highlights the necessity of open communication to alleviate any discomfort and foster a better understanding in our relationship.
The unexpected news of his termination left him completely shocked The phrase "out of a clear blue sky" signifies the suddenness and surprise of the situation, emphasizing how unforeseen the announcement was.
“We had planned a big celebration, but it turned out to be a bit of a damp squib.”
The phrase "a damp squib" serves as the direct object of the verb "had planned," indicating that the celebration fell short of expectations and lacked the anticipated excitement.
The phrase "like watching paint dry" describes the experience of reading a particularly dull book, emphasizing its tedious and uninteresting nature This idiom effectively conveys the sentiment that the book was so boring that it felt as monotonous as the slow process of paint drying.
Going behind his boss’s back is a risky move, akin to "skating on thin ice," which suggests potential negative consequences This metaphor highlights the precarious nature of such actions and the dangers involved in undermining authority.
The reference of English and Vietnamese idioms in terms of culture 41 1 Similarities of English and Vietnamese idioms in terms of culture
Idioms are a fundamental aspect of language, deeply rooted in culture and reflecting a society's values and customs According to Jantem and Linh, these expressions showcase significant national characteristics, shaped by the unique cultural backgrounds they represent Their formation results from the long-term evolution of language, making idioms a vital component in both spoken and written communication.
English idioms related to weather, along with their Vietnamese equivalents, hold significant cultural value, reflecting the beliefs and attitudes of both English and Vietnamese speakers These idioms serve as a means to convey complex emotions and meanings across different cultures Their importance lies in their capacity to communicate rich information succinctly and memorably, enabling individuals to express themselves more effectively in various social and cultural contexts.
3.2.1 Similarities of English and Vietnamese idioms in terms of culture
Both English and Vietnamese languages prominently feature weather-related idioms in informal conversations These idioms serve as metaphorical expressions, conveying meanings that extend beyond their literal interpretations They enhance descriptive language, express emotions, and foster relatability with the audience For instance, the English idiom "throw caution to the wind" illustrates the act of taking risks, paralleling the Vietnamese phrase "làm chày làm cối," which also signifies impulsive action and disregard for consequences Both idioms exemplify how weather-related expressions enrich communication in both languages.
English and Vietnamese idioms related to weather share a common cultural emphasis on practicality, often providing actionable advice for challenging situations For instance, the English phrase “ride off into the sunset” and the Vietnamese saying “cày sâu tốt lúa” both highlight the theme of achieving a successful and happy resolution These idioms serve as practical tools for navigating difficulties, underscoring the significance of inner strength and resilience in overcoming obstacles.
Both English and Vietnamese idioms related to weather share a common cultural feature: the use of figurative language These idioms often employ vivid metaphors to illustrate emotions and situations For example, the English idiom “left out in the cold” signifies feelings of abandonment and isolation, despite its literal meaning of being left alone in cold conditions An illustrative context might be, “After years of devoted service, the company merged with another one, and several long-time employees were left out in the cold, without jobs or adequate compensation.” In Vietnamese, the equivalent idiom “bơ vơ như chó lạc đàn” conveys a similar emotional state, despite its literal reference to a lost dog Both expressions effectively evoke strong imagery and emotions through their figurative meanings.
English and Vietnamese idioms related to weather reveal a shared cultural value system emphasizing perseverance, adaptability, and positivity The English phrase "come rain or shine" illustrates a commitment to action despite challenges, while the Vietnamese saying "vén mây mù mới thầy trời xanh" highlights the importance of determination during tough times For instance, "the band played on despite the pouring rain and gusty winds, come rain or shine," showcases this resilience Overall, these idioms reflect a common cultural focus on resourcefulness and a can-do attitude when facing adversity.
English and Vietnamese idioms often draw from nature, particularly weather-related imagery, to convey human experiences Both cultures value the natural world, using it as a metaphor for life's challenges For example, English phrases like "fine weather for ducks" parallel the Vietnamese idiom "mưa thuận gió hòa," illustrating how storms and winds symbolize difficulties These idioms not only provide perspective but also enhance communication, making it easier for people to express and understand complex emotions and situations.
The similarities between English and Vietnamese idioms that use weather-related terms highlight a shared cultural appreciation for the natural world Both societies express practicality and resilience through these idioms, reflecting values of perseverance and adaptability This connection reveals how language can uncover common values and perspectives on life, bridging diverse cultural backgrounds.
3.2.2 Differences of English and Vietnamese idioms in terms of culture
English and Vietnamese idioms related to weather share similarities, yet they highlight distinct cultural values and references While English idioms frequently utilize metaphors and figurative language for expression, Vietnamese idioms are characterized by their directness and conciseness.
Hao and Long [18] highlight that cultural perspectives shape language use, with English-speaking cultures valuing poetic language for its evocative imagery and emotional depth In contrast, Vietnamese culture perceives language primarily as a functional tool for clear communication.
English and Vietnamese idioms related to weather exhibit both similarities and differences, reflecting the unique cultural and linguistic backgrounds of each language A comparative analysis highlights these distinctions, showcasing how each culture interprets weather phenomena through idiomatic expressions.
The differences in weather terminology between English and Vietnamese stem from distinct geographic regions and cultural beliefs In English culture, "rain" often symbolizes sadness, while in Vietnamese culture, it represents nourishment and prosperity for crops Additionally, cold and snowy weather in English culture is linked to feelings of despair and isolation, whereas in Vietnam, snow is rare, and winter is celebrated for Lunar New Year festivities and joyful reunions.
The English idiom “like a dying duck in a thunderstorm” and the Vietnamese expression “chán ngắt chán ngơ” both convey feelings of hopelessness in challenging circumstances While both idioms reflect a sense of helplessness, the English phrase may resonate more with those familiar with the vivid imagery of a duck in distress during a storm.
The Vietnamese idiom "chán ngắt chán ngơ" embodies a cultural expression commonly understood by Vietnamese speakers, conveying the sense of frustration or boredom associated with monotonous or repetitive tasks.
The English idiom "wet behind the ears" and the Vietnamese phrase "chưa ráo máu đầu," meaning "still wet and bleeding on the head," both highlight cultural attitudes towards youth and inexperience In English, this expression indicates that someone is younger or less experienced, implying a need for time to learn and mature However, perceptions of youth and inexperience can vary significantly across cultures.
The application of the study in practice
Our analysis not only sheds light on the grammar of idioms but also provides valuable insights into their cultural and linguistic contexts As noted by Trao [20], while some idioms in English and Vietnamese share similar meanings, others exhibit significant differences, particularly in the metaphorical use of weather-related terms This underscores the distinct ways culture and language intertwine to form unique expressions.
Studying and comparing idiomatic expressions enhances our understanding of diverse cultures and perspectives worldwide This cross-cultural analysis is particularly beneficial for individuals involved in cross-linguistic communication, including translators, language teachers, diplomats, and business professionals.
Studying idioms enhances our understanding of language while revealing the values, beliefs, and customs of various societies This exploration acts as a bridge between cultures, promoting better communication across linguistic and cultural divides By delving into the cultural and linguistic contexts of idioms, we enrich our own perspectives and contribute to the broader development of our communities.
Expectations with the study
This paper is expected to synthesize a comprehensive list of English idioms with words denoting weather from “The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms: second edition”
This study examines idiomatic expressions in English and their Vietnamese counterparts from “Tu dien thanh ngu va tuc ngu Viet Nam,” offering a valuable resource for learners of both languages It addresses key questions about the use of idioms across cultures, enhancing understanding of their interrelation By exploring these aspects, the research contributes significantly to English language teaching, promotes cross-cultural awareness, and facilitates effective communication.
English idioms related to weather serve various grammatical functions, such as subject, object, complement, adverb, adjective, or predicate This versatility promotes clarity and effective communication By utilizing words that denote weather in different sentence positions, speakers can enrich their writing with uniqueness and nuance, ultimately enhancing the descriptive power and diversity of their language.
This study compares idiomatic expressions across various cultures, revealing their diverse uses and meanings By exploring these differences, learners can gain valuable insights into using idioms fluently and accurately, minimizing the risk of embarrassing mistakes Understanding idiomatic expressions in context will enhance communication skills, helping learners avoid miscommunication and use idioms with greater confidence.
Exploring weather-related idiomatic expressions is a valuable resource for English and Vietnamese language learners, enhancing their cross-cultural competence and awareness Analyzing these expressions reveals how different cultures utilize language to express weather-related concepts, fostering cultural sensitivity, mutual understanding, and effective communication among diverse backgrounds.
The study explores the intricate relationship between language and culture through weather expressions, revealing how idioms and metaphors reflect cultural and historical contexts This research opens new avenues for understanding how individuals use language to convey their experiences and emotions related to weather Additionally, it contributes to the broader fields of linguistic and cultural studies, enhancing our comprehension of the interconnectedness of language and culture.
This research offers valuable insights into language studies by analyzing idiomatic expressions related to weather It highlights the cultural and linguistic distinctions between two languages, fostering a deeper understanding of the interplay between language and culture.
The study's findings enhance English language learning by offering a detailed list of weather-related idiomatic expressions alongside their Vietnamese translations Through an analysis of the context, structure, and meaning of these idioms, the research equips learners to use them more fluently and appropriately, thereby improving their communicative competence in cross-cultural interactions.
The study highlights the challenges language learners encounter when grasping idioms in cross-cultural settings, particularly in English and Vietnamese It offers valuable insights into the distinct usage of weather-related idioms in English, which can improve learners' communication with native speakers This understanding fosters a greater appreciation for the richness of language and cultural diversity.
This research highlights the significance of weather-related idiomatic expressions in various cultures, emphasizing their role in intercultural communication and cultural empathy By encouraging critical thinking about communication across linguistic and cultural boundaries, it fosters greater empathy and respect for diverse perspectives Ultimately, these contributions aim to promote a more harmonious and interconnected global community.
In conclusion, this study highlights its significant contributions to society, grammar, and culture, enriching the existing body of knowledge Furthermore, it emphasizes the potential for future research in this domain, paving the way for further exploration and understanding.
Summary
This chapter delves into the interrelationship of the English and Vietnamese languages, highlighting the similarities and differences in their respective cultures
This resource is an essential tool for individuals studying English and Vietnamese, offering valuable insights that enhance their research and learning experience By exploring this content, readers can develop a comprehensive understanding of the language and the cultural contexts in which these idioms are employed.
This study examined weather-related idioms found in "The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms" and "Tu dien thanh ngu va tuc ngu Viet Nam," uncovering a variety of expressions in both English and Vietnamese The findings highlighted significant linguistic and cultural differences between the two languages, offering valuable insights into the use of weather idioms Ultimately, this research enhances the understanding of both English and Vietnamese languages and their respective cultures.
Conclusion of the study
1.1 General conclusion of the study
This investigation focused on English idioms that incorporate weather-related words and their Vietnamese equivalents The study synthesized idioms from "The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms: Second Edition" and compared them with those in "Tu dien thanh ngu va tuc ngu Viet Nam." As a result, it provided a valuable collection of idioms beneficial for both Vietnamese and English language learners.
The synthesis process has unveiled numerous new idioms, particularly those related to weather terminology such as rain, wind, and sunshine This investigation offers readers a fresh perspective on these idioms, fostering a deeper appreciation for the study of idiomatic expressions Moreover, the exploration has introduced many new idioms in our native language, making the experience both interesting and enlightening.
This study highlights the remarkable versatility of English idiomatic expressions related to weather, showcasing their diverse grammatical functions Unlike typical fixed expressions, these idioms exhibit a wider range of usage and structural flexibility.
Weather-related idioms can function as subjects, objects, complements, adverbs, or adjectives in sentences Their versatility enables them to fit into various grammatical structures while maintaining their figurative meanings This adaptability enriches language comprehension by facilitating the expression of complex ideas and adding depth to communication.
English idiomatic expressions related to weather offer a vibrant avenue for expression, enriching the language with metaphor and nuance This study emphasizes the significance of grasping the flexibility and application of idioms across languages, fostering a greater appreciation for the diverse linguistic resources at our disposal.
Translating English idioms into other languages can be challenging due to cultural differences For English learners, mastering these idioms requires practice, exposure to native speakers, and an understanding of the cultural nuances they embody While both English and Vietnamese idioms use vivid imagery and figurative language, significant differences highlight the unique cultural influences on each language Ultimately, language is a reflection of culture, shaping and being shaped by the societal context in which it exists.
Hao and Long [18] describe idioms as unique linguistic constructs with fixed meanings and structures, rich in cultural significance Originating in specific historical contexts, idioms are transmitted through generations, encapsulating distinctive cultural elements like the natural environment, religion, customs, habits, and beliefs They effectively reflect the cultural values, attitudes, and perspectives of a society.
Idioms exemplify the intricate relationship between language and culture, highlighting their deep connection They are essential for conveying cultural nuances, often expressing complex ideas and emotions that literal language fails to capture.
Weather-related idioms hold a special allure, effectively expressing deep meanings and emotions through simple language These idioms carry cultural significance, offering valuable insights into how communities connect, perceive their surroundings, and interpret their experiences.
However, distinctions can be seen in the words and phrases that are used, as well as the cultural contexts and associations that shape the meaning and use of idioms
English idiomatic expressions often use a variety of weather-related words and phrases, employing personification and humor to express their meanings In contrast, Vietnamese idioms are characterized by their use of concrete and specific language that directly describes weather patterns and natural phenomena.
The study of weather-related idioms is crucial for effective communication in both English and Vietnamese, as these expressions reflect significant cultural elements Idioms convey deep meanings and cultural values, allowing speakers to engage native audiences and foster empathy Mastering these idioms enhances cross-cultural connections, promoting understanding and mutual respect among diverse communities.
In summary, this study highlights the synthesis of idioms from two esteemed sources, offering authentic meanings and insights into the captivating realm of weather-related idioms This synthesis enhances our understanding of language nuances and underscores the vital role idioms play in connecting diverse cultures.
Significance of the study
This article explores English weather-related idioms from "The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms: Second Edition" and compares them to Vietnamese equivalents from "Từ điển thành ngữ và tục ngữ Việt Nam." By utilizing these reputable sources, the paper serves as a valuable resource for language learners, particularly those studying English and Vietnamese Understanding these idioms will enable learners to communicate more fluidly and accurately, helping them avoid awkward situations and unexpected mistakes in their conversations.
This research focuses on English idioms related to weather, such as "clear the decks" and "blow hot and cold," and their Vietnamese equivalents By compiling a comprehensive list of these idioms along with their meanings in both languages, the study aims to enhance the understanding and usage of these expressions among English language learners Additionally, it seeks to highlight the connections between figurative language in English and Vietnamese, while also exploring cultural similarities and differences between the two languages.
Weather has played a crucial role in human existence since the dawn of civilization Researching English idioms related to weather offers valuable insights into how diverse cultures interpret and respond to various weather phenomena These insights enhance our understanding of cultural beliefs and practices tied to specific weather conditions Additionally, idioms serve as a rich repository of cultural knowledge, mirroring the values, beliefs, and perspectives of people worldwide.
Mastering idiomatic expressions is a crucial part of language learning, especially in English, which is rich in idioms related to weather These expressions can be particularly challenging for learners to grasp Developing a study platform focused on these idioms can aid learners in understanding and memorizing them effectively, ultimately improving their communicative competence and fluency in English.
Research on English idioms related to weather and their Vietnamese counterparts offers valuable insights for English language teaching By integrating these culturally specific idioms into teaching materials and activities, educators can enhance the learning experience, making it more enjoyable and engaging for students.
Students can enhance their understanding and retention of idiomatic expressions within context, while simultaneously expanding their knowledge of language and culture This process fosters effective cross-cultural communication skills, ultimately improving their overall communicative competence in English.
For Vietnamese learners of English, understanding idioms related to weather and their Vietnamese counterparts is essential for enhancing language acquisition and fostering cross-cultural awareness These learners often struggle with idiomatic expressions and the cultural nuances they convey A thorough analysis of these weather-related idioms can aid Vietnamese students in appreciating the subtle differences in English usage, ultimately simplifying their language learning journey.
Exploring English idioms related to weather and their Vietnamese equivalents is crucial for English Faculty students, as it significantly enhances their language learning experience This research helps identify idiomatic expressions that students are likely to encounter in their future professional interactions, equipping them with essential language skills for their careers.
Limitation of the study
Idioms represent a significant cultural heritage, unique to each nation and developed over centuries, which can pose challenges for learners, particularly in a second language A three-month study may not suffice to fully explore and compare English weather-related idioms with their Vietnamese counterparts Although this study has compiled a list of English idioms, the lack of direct exposure to English-speaking cultures can result in misunderstandings when referencing these idioms in Vietnamese Additionally, my limited knowledge may lead to shortcomings in the study's findings.
Suggestions for future research
The exploration of weather-related idioms is a fascinating subject, particularly when considering their cultural significance This study aims to provide a foundation for future researchers to investigate the cultural dimensions of these idioms By doing so, they can uncover the rich beliefs and unique beauty inherent in the cultures of two distinct societies as expressed through their idiomatic expressions.
Summary
This section provides a concise overview of the findings derived from the research
This article explores the similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese cultures through the lens of weather-related idioms and their translations It emphasizes the adaptability of syntax in practical application, showcasing how this flexibility enriches communication Additionally, the study is crucial for learners of both languages, providing essential insights that enhance the research and learning process.
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