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Analyze the main differences between Semantic and Communicative methods of Translation Illustrate your points with examples (500 words) Translation plays a key role in conveying the message from one Source Language to Target Language Among the existing translation methods, two methods are intensively being compared and debated over: semantic and communicative translation Firstly, semantic translation is more source text focused, while communicative translation focuses on the target text Semantic translation obeys the culture of the original language and author, and translates the semantics of the original text On the other hand, communicative translation pays attention to reader’s reaction to the target text, so that the original language does not leave any doubts and obscurities for readers Therefore, the translator can revise the original text, but this does not mean that the translator can disrespect the original text, after all, the original text is the only source of translation For instance, KFC’s slogan “Finger lickin’ good” is translated into Vietnamese as “eat your fingers” or “It’s so yummy” in semantic and communicative translation respectively It can be seen that the latter translation conveys precisely the brand’ message Secondly, semantic translation is more complex and more detailed than communicative translation It focuses on reproducing the original author's thinking process rather than his intention and tends to over-translate, that is, the selected words are more specific than the original ones To express the nuances of meaning, words in the semantic translation often add meanings that the original text does not have Meanwhile, the communicative translation is likely to be smoother, simpler, and more in line with the habits of the target language It adopts the same register as the original text and tends to under-translate, that is, to use more generic terms in difficult passages For example, the statement “nhà có chó dữ” is translated as “there is a fierce dog in the house” and “beware of the dog” in semantic and communicative translation respectively It is obvious that the latter has similar intention to the original Finally, semantic translation emphasizes content, while communicative translation emphasizes the force rather than the content of the message In other words, semantic translation attempts to render, as faithfully as the semantic and syntactic structures of the second language allow However, communicative translation attempts to produce on its readers an effect that is as close as possible to that obtained from the readers of the original For example, the German statement “Bissiger Hund!” is translated as “Dog that bites!” (the dog that bites people) in semantic translation, the content is the same as the original text, but the effect is not as good as the original Meanwhile, it is translated into the British idiom “Be aware of the dog!” in the communicative translation, the language is very authentic, and the purpose of reminding people are achieved In conclusion, although the two approaches function differently, the combination of them is required when translating texts that both the form and content are equally important Therefore, it is necessary for the translator to distinguish and competently apply semantic and communicative translation for better translation (496 words)