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bao quát kiến thức căn bản và thảo luận về dự án làm web bán hàng cho công ty ATN Trends in cloud computing are spreading across the globe. Although there are many distinct cloud computing models, all of them aim to engage and progress each company strategy in line with the rapidly changing state of technology. In the study I just gave you, I gave you an overview of cloud computing, along with its definition, traits, standout features, and advantages for both businesses and society. We have developed a strategy, a case, and justifications for choosing cloud computing over conventional methods of data management based on the particular circumstance.
ASSIGNMENT Qualification BTEC Level HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title Unit 16: Cloud computing Submission date Date Received 1st submission Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name Ngo Truong Duy Cong Student ID GCD210309 Class GCD1102 Assessor name Tran Thanh Truc Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice Student’s signature Grading grid P1 P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 Duy Cong D1 Summative Feedback: Grade: Assessor Signature: Internal Verifier’s Comments: Signature & Date: Resubmission Feedback: Date: Table of Contents Introduction P1 Analyse the evolution and fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing. 1.Overview cloud computing: _5 Client-server: Peer-to-peer: High Performance Computing: _10 Deployment Models _13 17 P2 Design an appropriate architectural Cloud Computing framework for a given scenario. _18 ATN problems: 18 ATN Cloud Architecture _19 P3 Define an appropriate deployment model for a given scenario. _21 P4 Compare the service models for choosing an adequate model for a given scenario. _22 Cloud Service Models 22 Choose the service for ATN company 25 Table of Figures: Figure 1: Client - Server Relationship. Figure 2: P2P model Figure 3: P2P example Figure 4: HPC parallel _10 Figure 5: HPC cluster 11 Figure 6: HPC distributed _12 Figure 7: Public Deployment 13 Figure 8: Private cloud _14 Figure 9: Community Cloud _15 Figure 10: Hybrid cloud 16 Figure 11: Cloud services consumers are sending request to a cloud service(1) The automated scaling listener monitor the cloud service to determine if predefined capacity thresholds re being exceeded (2) _19 Figure 12: IaaS _22 Figure 13: PaaSs _23 Figure 14: Software as a Service _24 Introduction P1 Analyse the evolution and fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing 1.Overview cloud computing: Cloud computing is a paradigm that enables users to use computer system resources on-demand, such as data storage and computational power, without actively managing the underlying infrastructure Cloud computing is defined as a collection of networked pieces that deliver services, forming an amorphous "cloud" that user can access without addressing or maintaining individual components This means that a computational resource or infrastructure, such as server hardware, storage, networking, or application software, is available from your cloud provider or website/facility The provider is accessible via the Internet from any remote place and from any local computing equipment Furthermore, usage or accessibility is limited to customers' requirements and desires, commonly known as the pay-asyou-go or pay-per-use model Client-server: Figure 1: Client - Server Relationship In the client/server model, all end systems are divided into clients and servers each designed for specific purposes 2.1 Client The client takes an active role and initiates the communication session by sending a request to the server At this point, the client must have knowledge of the available servers and the services they provide However, the client can only communicate with the server; they cannot see each other Clients are devices/programs that request services from servers Clients can be distinguished according to the functionality they provide and the amount of processing load they carry There are types of client: Fat client Fat clients are devices/programs that are powerful enough and operate with limited dependence on their server counterparts Fat clients as devices – a user workstation that is powerful and fully-featured in its own right For example, a desktop PC, a laptop, a netbook Fat clients as programs – a client carries a relatively large the proportion of the processing load For example, the Lineage II gaming client (more than GB in size) Thin client Thin clients are devices/programs that have very limited functionality and depend heavily on their server counterparts Thin clients as devices – a user workstation that contains a minimal operating system and little or no data storage For example, Sun Ray thin clients in Lintula, room TC215 (Moltchanov, 2013) Thin clients as programs – a client mainly provides a user interface, while the bulk of processing occurs in the server For example, the OnLive gaming client (about 10 MB in size) (Moltchanov, 2013) 2.2 Server Servers have a passive role and respond to their clients by acting on each request and returning results One server generally supports numerous clients The purpose of servers is to provide some predefined services for clients There are types of servers: Iterative server qIterative design is quite simple and is most suitable for short-duration services that exhibit relatively little variation in their execution time It means if the time to handle a client can be long, the waiting time experienced by subsequent clients may be unacceptable Examples of Internet services deployed as repeat servers like echo (RFC 862) and daytime (RFC 867) Iterative servers iterate through the following steps: - Step 1: Wait for a client request to arrive - Step 2: Process the request and send the response back to the client - Step 3: Go back to Step So, iterative servers handle clients sequentially, finishing with one client before servicing the next Concurrent server Although concurrent design is more difficult, it produces better results When the rate at which requests are processed is lower than the rate at which requests arrive at the server, responsiveness may be improved and latency can be decreased Concurrent servers are frequently used to implement internet services like HTTP, telnet, and FTP The following tasks are carried out by concurrent servers: - Step 1: Wait for a client request to come in - Step 2: Handle the request using a new process, task, or thread - Step 3: Return to Step Concurrent servers respond to client requests in parallel as a result 2.3 Relation between Client and Server Below are some of the characteristics to distinguish between client and server Hardware role: The terms "client" and "server" generally refer to the key roles performed by networked hardware A "client" is usually something like a PC used by an individual and essentially initiates the conversation by sending a request A "server" is usually a powerful machine dedicated to responding to customer requests, sitting in a server room somewhere that no one other than its administrator has ever seen Software roles: TCP/IP uses different pieces of software for many protocols to implement “client” and “server” roles Client software is usually found on client hardware and server software on server hardware, but not always Some devices may run both client and server software Web clients: Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, For example, “Web Statistics” by W3Schools Web servers: Apache, Microsoft IIS, GWS, For example, “Web Server Survey” by Netcraft Ltd Transaction role: During communication processes, the customer is the entity that initiates the communication or sends a query; The server responds, often providing information Usually, the client software on the client will initiate a transaction, but this does not always happen For example, when two SMTP servers communicate for email exchange, both are server programs running on the server hardware However, in the process of exchanging information one device acts as a client, while the other acts as a server Peer-to-peer: Peer-to-peer (P2P) refers to a decentralized network architecture in which interconnected nodes, known as peers, share resources directly with each other without the need for a centralized administrative system In a P2P network, peers have equal privileges and can both consume and supply resources to other participants in the network This stands in contrast to the traditional client-server model, where resource consumption and supply are divided between clients and servers P2P computing has been used in a variety of application domains, but it achieved major popularity through file-sharing systems such as Napster, which was first published in 1999 Millions of Internet users were able to connect immediately, join groups, and contribute on the creation of user-created search engines, virtual supercomputers, and file systems thanks to Napster Figure 2: P2P model Advantage - Improved scalability and reliability Lack of centralized control - No need for a dedicated application and database server Disadvantage - Lack of centralized control - Computers that have shared resources may suffer sluggish performance - Low securit P2P example: Filesharing is the exchange of media and software files between uploaders and downloaders Filesharing services, in addition to peer-to-peer networking, can provide scanning and security for shared files They may also give users with the option to bypass intellectual property rights in an anonymous manner, or they may enable intellectual property enforcement Figure 3: P2P example High Performance Computing: 4.1 Definition High Performance Computing (HPC) is the use of supercomputers and computer clusters to address advanced computation issues It entails the integration of several disciplines such as digital electronics, computer architecture, system software, programming languages, algorithms, and computational approaches HPC technologies include the tools and systems needed to implement and design highperformance computing systems 4.1.1 Parallel Parallel computing is another aspect of HPC A group of processors collaborate to solve a computing issue These processor devices, often known as CPUs, are generally of the homogeneous variety As a result, this definition is the same as HPC and is broad enough to cover supercomputers with hundreds or thousands of processors linked to other resources Figure 4: HPC parallel The way applications are executed distinguishes ordinary computers from parallel computers Because several processor machines are used concurrently in parallel computing, the following rules apply: It uses several processors (many CPUs) to run A issue is divided into discrete components that can be tackled at the same time Each section is further divided into a set of instructions Instructions from each section are executed on separate processors at the same time A centralized control/coordination system is used Disadvantage: - Low security - Privacy and organizational autonomy are not possible In reality, public cloud is frequently used in small businesses and systems As provided above about some advantages of using Public Deployment, the scalability and the requirements for maintenance is the main points which make thing more flexible when using this kind of deployment Furthermore, the low cost also very important that’s efficient in small businesses 5.2 Private Deployment: The public cloud deployment paradigm is diametrically opposed to the private cloud deployment model It is a one-on-one situation for a single user (client) It is not necessary to share your hardware with anyone The contrast between private and public clouds is in how all of the hardware is handled It is sometimes referred to as the "internal cloud" and refers to the capacity to access systems and services within a certain border or business The cloud platform is deployed in a secure cloud environment secured by robust firewalls and overseen by an organization's IT staff The private cloud provides greater control over cloud resources Figure 8: Private cloud The advantages of the Private Cloud Model - Improved control: You are the property's single owner You obtain total control over service integration, IT operations, rules, and user behavior - Data Security and Privacy: It is appropriate for keeping company information that only authorized personnel have access to Improved access and security can be obtained by segmenting resources within the same infrastructure - Compatibility with legacy systems: This method is intended for use with legacy systems that cannot connect to the public cloud - Customization: Unlike a public cloud deployment, a private cloud enables a firm to adapt its solution to match its unique requirements Disadvantages of the Private Cloud Model -Less scalable: Private clouds are scaled within a certain range as there is less number of clients -Costly: Private clouds are more costly as they provide personalized facilities 5.3 Community Cloud It allows systems and services to be accessible by a group of organizations It is a distributed system that is created by integrating the services of different clouds to address the specific needs of a community, industry, or business The infrastructure of the community could be shared between the organization which has shared concerns or tasks It is generally managed by a third party or by the combination of one or more organizations in the community Figure 9: Community Cloud Advantages of the Community Cloud Model - Cost Effective: Because the cloud is shared by various enterprises or communities, it is cost effective - Security: The community cloud is more secure - Shared resources: It enables various companies to share resources, infrastructure, and so on - Data sharing and cooperation: It is excellent for both data sharing and collaboration Disadvantages of the Community Cloud Model - Limited Scalability: Because multiple companies share the same resources based on their collaborative interests, the community cloud is significantly less scalable - Rigid in customization: Because data and resources are shared across multiple organizations based on their common interests, if one organization wishes to make modifications based on their requirements, they cannot because it would affect other organizations 5.4 Hybrid Cloud By bridging the public and private worlds with a layer of proprietary software, hybrid cloud computing gives the best of both worlds With a hybrid solution, you may host the app in a safe environment while taking advantage of the public cloud’s cost savings Organizations can move data and applications between different clouds using a combination of two or more cloud deployment methods, depending on their needs Figure 10: Hybrid cloud Advantages - Having power of both the private and public clouds - Better security than the public cloud - Highly scalable Disadvantages: - The security features are not as good as the public cloud - Managing a hybrid cloud is complex - It has stringent SLAs Characteristic of Cloud computing Cloud computing has five essential characteristics Without any of these characteristics, it's not cloud computing On-Demand Self-Service With cloud computing, you can provision computing services, like server time and network storage, automatically There is no need for you to communicate with the service provider Cloud clients may access their cloud accounts using an online self-service interface to examine their cloud services, manage their consumption, and provision and de-provision services Broad Network Access Another essential cloud computing characteristic is broad network access You can access cloud services over the network and on portable devices like mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and desktop computers A public cloud uses the internet; a private cloud uses a local area network Latency and bandwidth both play a crucial role in cloud computing and broad network access, as they impact the quality of service Pooling of Resources With resource pooling, a multi-tenant model allows multiple customers to share physical resources This paradigm distributes and redistributes real and virtual resources in accordance with demand Customers can share the same infrastructure or apps with multi-tenancy while still retaining their security and privacy Customers won't be able to specify the precise location of their resources, but they might be able to so at a higher level of abstraction, like a country, state, or data center Customers can pool a variety of resources, including bandwidth, processing, and memory Rapid Elasticity Customers can scale quickly based on demand thanks to the elastic provisioning and releasing capabilities of cloud services There are almost no limits on the capabilities that can be provisioned Customers can use these capabilities whenever they want and in any quantity Customers may grow cloud capacity, pricing, and use without incurring additional contracts or charges You won't need to buy computer hardware thanks to rapid elasticity Instead, can leverage the cloud provider's cloud computing resources Measured Service In cloud systems, a metering capability optimizes resource usage at a level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service For example, you can use a measured service for storage, processing, bandwidth, and users Payment is based on actual consumption by the customer via a pay-for-what-you-use model Monitoring, controlling, and reporting resource use creates a transparent experience for both consumers and providers of the service P2 Design an appropriate architectural Cloud Computing framework for a given scenario ATN problems: ATN is a Vietnamese company which is selling toys to teenagers in many provinces all over Vietnam The company has a revenue of over 700.000 dollars/year Currently, each shop has its own database to store transactions for that shop only Each shop has to send the sale data to the board director monthly and the board director needs lots of time to summarize the data collected from all the shops Besides, the board can’t see the stock information update in real-time ATN solution: Based on the above scenario shows that ATN company has large revenue, huge data system Currently each store has a database to store transactions from each year, the store must send data to the director Management took a lot of time to summarize the data gathered Based on this scenario, ATN should use cloud computing service because of the following reasons: Firstly, using cloud computing, managers can manage all of the branch stores data anywhere, as long as the manager needs and has internet connection Another advantage is the flexibility and mobility of cloud computing The corporate chain can be active at any time, which can reduce the number of corporate workstations Furthermore, cloud computing allows company executives to efficiently monitor company activities Secondly, stored data in the traditional server, businesses will have to buy and install hardware and software for all machines in the company to be compatible with each other Each new purchase or upgrade will have to repeat this process once This is too costly human and material resources for a large-scale company like ATN However, if the ATN company uses the cloud, it only needs to pay for the services they buy With cloud computing, IT will not need to spend a lot of time installing new hardware, software and reconfiguring devices Do not waste time searching and always transfer data in the company It provides everyone with the same technology platform, helping everyone to operate on the same platform Furthermore, service charges are based on storage capacity, storage and number of users, time and storage Therefore, ATN can easily choose its budget to save costs If your data gets overwhelmed, you can easily get more storage and upgrade your storage plan in minutes instead of the traditional way of adding servers, setting up settings and licenses Then, this cloud model makes it easy for users to access Since it allows managers and employees in stores to access a particular vendor's technology service in the cloud without any knowledge or experience with that technology, regardless infrastructure to service that technology Cloud computing eliminates redundant or repetitive tasks like data recovery It's also a great choice for companies to improve performance, so team stores can easily share data anytime and at any time Last but not least, in ATN's business activities, or in any industry, information security is always a very important issue, indispensable for businesses Should calculate the security of virtual Cloud Server is always at the best level and upgraded many times higher than conventional servers In addition, the company does not have to worry about data backup plans Data will always be available as long as the company uses the internet Using corporate cloud computing will solve all data loss problems and disaster plans ATN Cloud Architecture An architectural paradigm called the dynamic scalability architecture is based on a set of predetermined scaling conditions that cause the dynamic allocation of IT resources from resource pools Since unused IT resources are successfully recovered without the need for manual intervention, dynamic allocation permits varied utilization as determined by consumption demand changes When additional IT resources must be added to the workload handle, the auto scaling listener is set with workload thresholds Based on the conditions of a certain cloud consumer supply contract, this method can be equipped with logic that establishes the quantity of extra IT resources that can be dynamically provisioned Figure 11: Cloud services consumers are sending request to a cloud service(1) The automated scaling listener monitor the cloud service to determine if predefined capacity thresholds re being exceeded (2) We may provide a Cloud architecture example based on the image above (1) To begin with, users of cloud services are submitting requests to the cloud service (2) The automated scaling listener checks the cloud service in the following step to see if the predetermined capacity threshold has been reached There are two potential outcomes in this situation Case 1: If the workload in this process does not go above the power barrier In other words, if the workload is below or equal to the capacity threshold, the cloud service will process the request as normal For instance, if the workload is and the production threshold is 4, a request to continue running will be issued to the cloud service Case 2: Nevertheless, there are more service requests coming from users of cloud services Workload is above acceptable performance level Based on a preset scaling strategy, the scaling listener chooses the subsequent course of action automatically - If the cloud service implementation is deemed acceptable for further scalability, the scaling listener would start the scaling process right away - The resource duplication system receives the signal from the scaling listener, which then automatically creates multiple copies of the cloud service to satisfy the requests of all the customers - The automated listener continues to monitor, evaluate, and add IT resources as needed, even while the workload has escalated However, if the implementation of the cloud translation does not qualify for additional scaling, the user's request will be returned or canceled Example: When the workload is increased to 6, the current threshold is just Based on the preset rate policy, the rate handler chooses the subsequent sequence of action automatically The sharing procedure will start if there are enough resources to scale the deployment, such as enough RAM In response to the quantity of user requests, the scale listener then automatically sends a signal to the resource replication mechanism, creating numerous instances of the cloud service Now, the resource or some request will be routed to the offered cloud service when the workload volume and the current threshold are reached However, requests from the user to the cloud service will be canceled if the storage capacity does not match the scope of the deployment