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Higher Nationals in Computing Unit 06: Business Intelligence ASSIGNMENT Assessor name: NGUYEN XUAN SAM Learner’s name: Đào Vĩnh Khang ID: GCS200222 Class: GCS0905B Subject code: 1641 Assignment due: 1/ / 2023 Assignment submitted: 1/ /2023 lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 ASSIGNMENT FRONT SHEET Qualification BTEC Level HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title Unit 14: Business Intelligence Submission date Date Received 1st submission Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name Đào Vĩnh Khang Student ID GCS200222 Class GCS0905B Assessor name Nguyen Xuan Sam Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice Student’s signature Grading grid P1 P2 M1 M2 D1 D2 lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 ❒ Summative Feedback: Grade: IV Signature: ❒ Resubmission Feedback: Assessor Signature: Date: lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Assessment Brief Student Name/ID Number Đào Vĩnh Khang Unit Number and Title 14: Business Intelligence Academic Year 2023-2024 Unit Tutor Assignment Number & Assignment 1: Discover business process and BI technologies Title Issue Date Submission Date IV Name & Date Submission Format The submission is in the form of a Microsoft® PowerPoint® style presentation to be presented to your colleagues The presentation can include links to performance data with additional speaker notes and a bibliography using the Harvard referencing system The presentation slides for the findings should be submitted with speaker notes as one copy You are required to make effective use of headings, bullet points and subsections, as appropriate Your research should be referenced using the Harvard referencing system The recommended word limit is 500 words, including speaker notes, although you will not be penalised for exceeding the total word limit Unit Learning Outcomes LO1 Discuss business processes and the mechanisms used to support business decision-making LO2 Compare the tools and technologies associated with business intelligence functionality Assignment Brief lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria Pass Merit Distinction LO1 Discuss business processes and the mechanisms used to support business decision-making P1 Examine, using examples, the terms 8Business Process9 and 8Supporting Processes9 D1 Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of using application M1 Differentiate between software as a mechanism for unstructured and semi-structured business processing data within an organisation LO2 Compare the tools and technologies associated with business intelligence functionality P2 Compare the types of support available for business decisionmaking at varying levels within an organisation M2 Justify, with specific examples, the key features of business intelligence functionality D2 Compare and contrast a range of information systems and technologies that can be used to support organizations at operational, tactical and strategic levels Your company is currently working in [Assumed Domain] for years For a new, young company, the competition in the market is very high Therefore, the Board of Director has decided to apply Business Intelligence to improve the company business process by making better decisions The Board of Directors assigns a small group including you in Research & Development Department to study business intelligence to apply for the company in the coming years You need to research about business processes and decision support processes in the company and identify the types of data (unstructured, semi-structured or structured) generated by these processes with examples You also need to research about current software used in the business process or decision support process and evaluate these usages (benefits and drawbacks) Next you need to understand the types of support for decision-making at different levels (operational, tactical, and strategic) within the company and study which business intelligence features can help on those types of support Study the information systems or technologies (of BI) can be used in this case, compare, and contrast them to conclude which should be used Your group needs to present the research results to the board in a presentation of 30 minutes lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Table Of Contents 1.Introduction .7 Business processes and the mechanisms used to support business decision-making 2.1.Example, using examples, the terms Business Process and Supporting Processes .7 2.1.2 Supporting process .9 2.2.Differentiate between unstructured and semi-structured data within an organization 2.2.1 Structured data 2.2.2 Unstructured Data 10 2.2.3 Semi-structured data 10 2.2.4 Difference between structured, unstructured, and semi-structured data .10 Compare the tools and technologies associated with business intelligence functionality 11 The tools and technologies associated with business intelligence functionality .11 3.1.1 Why use business intelligence tools? .11 3.1.2 The tools and technologies .11 3.2.Levels of Management Decision Making 14 3.3.Compare the types of support available for business decision-making at varying levels within an organization 15 3.3.1 Strategic Decisions 15 3.3.2 Tactical Decisions .15 3.3.3 Operational Decisions 16 3.4.Justify, with specific examples, the key features of business intelligence functionality 16 3.4.1 Key Business Intelligence Features 16 Conclusion 17 References 18 Figure The Steps of business process Figure 2The tools and technologies 14 Figure Microsoft Power BI 15 Figure Tableau (source: opinion) 16 Figure Domo (source : mopinion) 17 Figure Levels of Management Decision Making (source: research gate) 18 lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 1.Introduction This paper focuses on business concepts such as "Business Processes" and "Supporting Processes." Give definitions and examples of unstructured and semi-structured data An overview of some of the tools and technology associated with business intelligence operations Compare the various degrees of assistance available for business decision-making inside a company Justify the essential elements of business intelligence capabilities using concrete instances The report is broken into two major sections, which are as follows: -Business procedures and the systems that help businesses make decisions -Compare the tools and technology connected with the functionality of business intelligence Business processes and the mechanisms used to support business decision-making 2.1 Example, using examples, the terms Business Process and Supporting Processes 2.1.1 Business process A business process is a sequence of actions taken by a group of stakeholders to accomplish a certain goal Each stage of a business process represents a task assigned to a participant It serves as the foundation for other related concepts such as business process management and process automation, etc (Kiss flow , 2021) A business process includes at least one of, but not limited to, the following elements: -Task/ Activity -System -Employee(s) -Workflow -Data Business procedures are created to help organizations achieve their goals The consistent and repetitive execution of business processes is critical to the success of corporate operations and growth Depending on the factors included in the process, business process structures can be simple or complicated A company seeks to attain objectives with each business process (Gaikwad, M , 2021) lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Figure The Steps of business process The business process's seven steps Step 1: Establish your objectives What is the procedure's goal? Why was it made? How will you know if it works? Step 2: Plan and lay out your procedure What tactics are required to attain the objectives? This is the overall process roadmap Step 3: Determine next steps and assign stakeholders Identify the various tasks that your teams and machines must complete to carry out the strategy Step 4: Put the procedure to the test Run the procedure on a small scale to observe how well it works Make any necessary modifications Step 5: Put the process into action Begin the procedure in a live setting All stakeholders must be properly communicated with and trained Step 6: Keep an eye on the results Examine the process and its patterns Record the process history Step 7: Repetition If the process meets the objectives established for it, it should be replicated for subsequent processes Examples of Business Processes lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Processes vary depending on the kind, industry, location, and so on of a business, however there are a handful that are applied globally across all these business divisions To assist you comprehend, we shall look at examples of such operations The sales process Selling is a fundamental commercial activity that applies to a wide variety of industries, services, and other domains The following are the stages that most businesses experience: -Sharing the sales proposal -Sending quotes -Negotiations -Receiving orders for product/service -Updating records of sales -Delivery of product/service -Billing -Payment These are repeating steps, and the workflow and structure of the process are business-dependent Customer care Customer service is another critical component of global business operations It entails the following steps: -Receive customer complaints/issues through CRM -Acknowledge the customer concern -Login details of the issue in the CRM system -Resolve the issue -Communicate status to customer A few more examples of business processes are: -Recruitment process -Invoicing process -Order processing -Customer onboarding process -Accounting process -Market research process -Product development process 2.1.2 Supporting process The fundamental processes are assisted by supporting processes A supporting step in the manufacturing example may be hiring production employees There may also be subprocesses, options, and actions For instance, support processes include: -Human Resource Management lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 -Financial Management processes -Building and property management, cleaning and maintenance, Facility management -IT processes Procurement and sourcing processes (supplier selection processes, purchasing services, purchasing materials, sourcing human and financial resources, etc.) -Vendor Management processes -Operational processes and routine operation and organization management -Risk Management processes -Security Management processes -Quality Management processes -Corporate Governance processes They are typically same among organizations, in contrast to core processes (human resource processes are similar both in the automotive company and in the bank) Support processes at larger businesses are often more complex and sophisticated since more people are involved, the organizational structure is taller, and so on A single individual may oversee a certain support method or duty in a small organization Example: The payroll department may not generate your money, but without them, your employees would not get paid The same goes for a cleaner or someone who washes dishes; they may not make money with their job, but you would notice if they didn't exist! 2.2 Differentiate between unstructured and semi-structured data within an organization The process of assessing structured or unstructured data and categorizing it based on file type, contents, and other information is known as data classification Data categorization enables companies to answer critical questions about their data, which in turn influences how they reduce risk and manage data governance regulations It can inform you where your most essential data is stored or what kind of sensitive data your users generate the most frequently To comply with contemporary data privacy standards, comprehensive data categorization is required (but not sufficient) 2.2.1 Structured data Information that has been prepared and translated into a well-defined data model is referred to as structured data The raw data is mapped into predefined fields, which may subsequently be readily retrieved and read using SQL SQL relational databases, which are made up of tables with rows and columns, are an excellent example of structured data lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Because it reduces data redundancy, the relational model of structured data makes use of memory Structured data, on the other hand, is more interdependent and less adaptable Let's have a look at some additional structured data samples Relational data is an example (Marr, B., 2019) 2.2.2 Unstructured Data Unstructured data is data that exists in its exact unprocessed form Because of its intricate structure and formatting, this data is challenging to process Unstructured data management may arrange data from a variety of sources, such as social media postings, conversations, satellite images, IoT sensor data, emails, and presentations Structured data, on the other hand, refers to data that adheres to pre-defined data models and is simple to analyze Examples of structured data include alphabetically sorted client names and appropriately organized credit card numbers Let's look at some samples of unstructured data after we've defined it Word, PDF, Text, and Media logs are a few examples 2.2.3 Semi-structured data Semi-structured data is information that does not live in a relational database but has certain organizational qualities that allow it to be analyzed more easily Some processes can be stored in relational databases (it may be difficult for some semi-structured data), yet semi-structured data exists to save space XML data is one example 2.2.4 Difference between structured, unstructured, and semi-structured data Table Difference between structured, unstructured and semi-structured data Properties Structured data Semi-structured data Unstructured data Technology Transaction management It is based on Relational database table It is based on XML/RDF (Resource Description Framework) It is based on character and binary data Matured transaction Transaction is adapted from DBMS not and various matured concurrency techniques No transaction management and no concurrency Versioning over Versioned as a whole lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Version management tuples, row, tables Versioning over graph is possible Properties Structured data Semi-structured data Flexibility It is schema dependent It is more flexible than It is more flexible and structured data but less and less flexible there is absence of flexible than schema unstructured data Scalability It is very difficult to scale DB schema Very robust Robustness Query performance tuples or Unstructured data It9s scaling is simpler than It is more scalable structured data New technology, not very — spread Structured query allow Queries over complex joining anonymous nodes are possible Only textual queries are possible 3.Compare the tools and technologies associated with business intelligence functionality 3.1 The tools and technologies associated with business intelligence functionality 3.1.1 Why use business intelligence tools? To begin with, data discovery, which was previously restricted to the skills of advanced analytics professionals, is now something that anybody can perform using these tools Not only that, but these technologies provide you with the information you need to achieve things like growth, handle pressing concerns, collect all your data in one place, estimate future results, and much more 3.1.2 The tools and technologies Oracle BI lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Figure 2The tools and technologies Oracle BI is a business intelligence technology and application suite for enterprises This technology provides customers with nearly all business intelligence features, including dashboards, proactive intelligence, ad hoc reporting, and more Oracle is also ideal for businesses that need to analyze massive amounts of data (from both Oracle and non-Oracle sources) since it is a very resilient solution Data archiving, versioning, a self-service portal, and alerts/notifications are other important aspects Website: www.oracle.com Microsoft Power BI lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Figure Microsoft Power BI Microsoft Power BI is a business analytics tool package that is web-based and excels in data visualization It enables users to discover patterns in real-time and includes fresh new connections that allow you to step up your advertising game Microsoft Power BI is accessible from virtually any location because it is web based Users may also use this software to integrate their apps and give reports and real-time dashboards Website: www.powerbi.microsoft.com Tableau lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Figure Figure Tableau (source: opinion) Tableau is a Business Intelligence application that specializes in data discovery and visualization The program allows you to effortlessly analyze, visualize, and exchange data without the need for IT intervention Tableau works with a variety of data sources, including Microsoft Excel, Oracle, MS SQL, Google Analytics, and Salesforce Users will have access to well-designed, user-friendly dashboards Tableau also provides several independent solutions, including Tableau Desktop (for everyone) and Tableau Server (analytics for organizations), both of which may be operated locally, as well as Tableau Online (hosted analytics for organizations) and many others Website: www.tableau.com Domo lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Figure Domo (source : mopinion) Domo is a fully cloud-based corporate intelligence tool that combines data from spreadsheets, databases, and social media Domo is utilized by both small businesses and huge global corporations The platform provides visibility and analysis at the micro and macro levels (including predictive analysis powerd with Mr Roboto, their AI engine) From cash balances and lists of your best-selling items by area to marketing ROI estimates for each channel, we've got you covered Domo's primary drawbacks are the difficulties in obtaining cloud analytics for personal use and the high learning curve Website: www.domo.com 3.2 Levels of Management Decision Making Management decision making is an essential component of management planning Awareness the distinctive character of managerial decisions necessitates an understanding of the sorts of decisions as well as the context in which those decisions are made Choosing between alternate courses of action is what decision making is all about Management decision making is concerned with the decisions that managers confront during their activities in the company Making decisions is an essential part of planning Decision making may also be divided into three types based on the level at which it occurs Strategic Decisions - These decisions create the organization's strategies and objectives These choices are often made at the highest levels of organizational management Tactical Decisions - Tactical decisions are about the strategies employed to achieve organizational goals Middle and front-line managers make the majority of tactical choices Operational Decisions - Operational decisions address the ways for delivering value to clients by the organization Middle and front-line managers make the majority of operational decisions lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Figure Levels of Management Decision Making (source: research gate) 3.3 Compare the various degrees of assistance provided for business decision making inside a company 3.3.1 Strategic Decisions Strategic decision-making entails determining the optimal path to achievement For example, if you are beginning a new firm, you must examine elements such as cost, time, and target market How you categorize decisions to find the best solution? Strategic decision making will assist you in developing a plan of action and aligning your short-term objectives with the big picture Strategic decision-making differs from day-to-day decisions from the standpoint of management As a manager, you must allocate duties, convey goals to your team members or external stakeholders, and account for uncertainties The judgments you make effect not only you, but the entire corporation It's a good idea to practice making objective decisions that are free of bias and prejudice 3.3.2 Tactical Decisions According to Blue Collar University, tactical decision making is a business approach in which decisions are made with the goal of assuring a company's success This implies that the firm makes decisions that lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 contribute to the company's long-term viability, profitability, and continuous progress in all areas of operation Tactical decision making is concerned with the large picture as well as the here and now According to Chron.com Small Business, while making tactical decisions, the entire firm is engaged Tactical decision making allows a corporation to assess its infrastructure and how it runs and make changes as needed A tactical decision is made when a board considers the facts offered to it and selects an immediate course of action with the purpose of accomplishing a specified goal that will directly and instantly benefit the most people According to Business Case Studies, even though they involve many individuals and departments, tactical choices have a limited impact in the event of failure since they can be rectified and amended relatively rapidly 3.3.3 Operational Decisions A form of short-term choice made by a firm in place of long-term plans while acquiring corporate assets These concern the company's day-to-day operations and, as such, must be handled before any grand strategy issues Operational choices are frequently quite detailed and definite Although individual operational decisions have little long-term or significant influence on the organization, they direct the implementation of strategic and tactical strategies The operations manager is responsible for responding to corporate executives regarding operational choices made by the operations manager 3.4 Justify, with specific examples, the key features of business intelligence functionality 3.4.1 Key Business Intelligence Features Ranking Reports Ranking reports make it simple to see which aspects of your organization are doing best and worst, from items to marketing campaigns to salespeople You may see rankings across many aspects and choose different criteria to narrow down your findings What-If Examination If you want to know how a future action may affect your firm, you can a "what-if" study utilizing historical data to estimate the probable consequences What-if analysis tools provide an objective picture of the risks and benefits associated with each prospective option, allowing you to better prepare for the future Dashboards for Executives Executive dashboards provide real-time information to your organization's executives in the form of graphs, charts, summaries, and other information reports They enable your company's leaders to make better, faster, and more informed choices lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Interactive Reports Users may compress large volumes of collected data into a broad range of different perspectives using interactive reports Users may use tools such as statistical analysis and regression to detect patterns, abnormalities, and outliers in data Geospatial Mapping Applications that use location intelligence may convert your data into graphical and cartographic representations, simplifying your geographical data Immediately, determining which sections are functioning better than others — and which require special attention — becomes much simpler Reports on Operations Business intelligence capabilities like this may offer your organization's leaders with a complete review of the day's activities at the conclusion of each day, providing them the knowledge they need to make key choices Tables with pivot points Pivot tables can automatically extract important aspects from enormous amounts of jumbled data They can execute computations on data contained in one table, such as sorting, counting, or averaging, and display the summary results in another table Pivot tables are crucial tools for evaluating data and identifying hidden trends Ad-Hoc Reports Ad-hoc reports are one of the crucial components of BI that allow your nontechnical end-users to build their own reports on the fly, rather than burdening your IT staff with requests for comprehensive reports Users may select the components they want to include in the report, highlighting only those that are relevant to their inquiry User-Specific Protection If you need to limit certain users' access to specific data sets, your BI solution should allow you to tailor your BI features and applications to individuals or groups of users Some systems provide user-specific data sources, in which a single application draws data from many sources depending on who is using the application Open Integration Smart BI solutions will be able to retrieve information from email, social media, websites, and other sources in addition to your organization's own data Instead than only giving internal sales data, your BI platform might supplement that information with product evaluations and comments With so many data formats and applications to choose from, it's critical that your business intelligence platform can combine as many various types of data as possible under one roof, effortlessly merging diverse forms of information into a meaningful report 4.Conclusion Tasks completed as a result of this report: lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 Understand the business procedures and techniques that are utilized to support business decisions Examine tools and technologies for business intelligence functionality lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689 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International Journal of Computer Applications 98(13):1-7.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259479973_Big_Data_A_Survey [Accessed 7/3/2023] Marr, B (2015) Big Data: Using SMART Big Data, Analytics and Metrics to Make Better Decisions and Improve Performance John Wiley & Sons https://www.wiley.com/enus/Big+Data%3A+Using+SMART+Big+Data%2C+Analytics+and+Metrics+to+Make+Better+Decisio ns+and+Improve+Performance-p-9781118965832 [Accessed 7/3/2023] Manyika, J., et al (2011) "Big data: The next frontier for innovation, competition, and productivity." McKinsey Global Institute https://www.mckinsey.com/businessfunctions/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/big-data-the-next-frontier-for-innovation[Accessed 7/3/2023] lOMoAR cPSD| 22371689