An exploratory study of factors towards export and import for march 29 textile garment join stock company

The textile industry is one of the most important industries globally, contributing significantly to economic growth and creating millions of jobs. After being impacted by the COVID19 pandemic, global textile and garment exports predicted to recover and expand in 20222023. China, India and Asian countries (particularly Vietnam) are the leading partners in the world textile industry. The United States, the European Union (EU), and Japan are the three most significant markets for textile and clothing imports and exports.The textile and garment export industrys resilience will be dependent on the speed at which the pandemic recovers and the global development of COVID19 vaccinations. New trends such as sustainability are taking over the textile market, which requires manufacturers to innovate to meet new environmental and social standards.Threats to the textile industry include competition between producing countries, changes in trade policies and market fluctuations.

INTRODUCTION

Research background

The textile industry is one of the most important industries globally, contributing significantly to economic growth and creating millions of jobs After being impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, global textile and garment exports predicted to recover and expand in 2022-2023.

China, India and Asian countries (particularly Vietnam) are the leading partners in the world textile industry The United States, the European Union (EU), and Japan are the three most significant markets for textile and clothing imports and exports.The textile and garment export industry's resilience will be dependent on the speed at which the pandemic recovers and the global development of COVID-19 vaccinations. New trends such as sustainability are taking over the textile market, which requires manufacturers to innovate to meet new environmental and social standards.Threats to the textile industry include competition between producing countries, changes in trade policies and market fluctuations.

The textile and garment industry in Vietnam has developed strongly in recent years, becoming the second largest exporter in Asia and receiving investment attention from many multinational organizations Vietnam's textile and garment exports have begun to recover in 2021, despite the pandemic situation Vietnam's trading partners include: The United States, the EU, Japan, Korea, China, and ASEAN The year 2022-

2023 is expected to bring new opportunities for Vietnam's textile and garment industry, in the context of CPTPP (Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership) and EVFTA (Free Trade Agreement between the Alliance) Europe and Vietnam) to step up trade agreements.

However, in the years to come, Vietnam's textile and garment import and export sector will confront several new obstacles and challenges as it competes with nations throughout the region and throughout the world As a result, the objective of this thesis is to evaluate and comprehend elements such as economic, political, social, and cultural aspects that influence the import and export of textiles and garments so that businesses and governments can come up with well-informed decisions, suitable strategies, and policies Furthermore, determining competition between nations and regions in the field of textile import and export to assist market participants in making proper judgments.

Research objectives

The general objective of the study is to analyze the factors affecting the import and export of March 29 Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company in Da Nang city. From then, some remedies were given based on enhancing the effect of favorable elements while reducing the influence of negative aspects in order to enhance textile and garment sector import and export operations.

Contributing to the systematization and development of theoretical foundations, as well as summarizing practical investigations on variables influencing textile and garment industry export.

Proposing some suggestions to boost the effect of positive elements while limiting the influence of negative aspects in order to promote the import and export activities of March 29 textile and garment joint stock company.

Research questions

The thesis aims to answer the following questions:

1 What factors affect textile and garment import and export at the national level?

2 How do economic policies and international trade regulations affect the import and export of textiles and garments?

3 How is the consumption market changing, and how does it affect import and export of textiles?

4 What exact factors can explain the volatility of textile imports and export in the past and the future?

New contributions of the thesis

Firstly, the thesis contributes to systematize and supplement the factors affecting the import and export of textiles and garments of the textile and garment joint stock company March 29 through building an analytical framework.

Secondly, the thesis points out the factors that positively and negatively affect the textile and garment export turnover of March 29 joint stock company March 29 in the past years (2021-2023) Based on the analysis of the international context combined with the limited difficulties in import and export in order to boost the company's import and export in the coming period.

Research object and scope of the study

a) Research object of the study.

Thesis studies the factors affecting the import and export textiles and garments of March 29 Textile Garment joint stock companies. b) Research object of the survey.

Group of employee in March 29 Textile Garment Join Stock Company in Da Nang c) Research cope of the study.

About the content: The thesis studies and evaluates the influence levels of factors on import and export of textile and garment

To assess the outcomes of textile and clothing import and export operations, many different criteria can be used such as the output of imported and exported garments, textile and garment import and export turnover, but the contents are analyzed and the assessment in the thesis will focus on solutions to boost the textile and garment import and export turnover of March 29 Textile and Garment Join stock Company in the near future.

Spatial scope: The study was conducted in Da Nang city.

Time scope: Analysis of factors affecting export and import of textile products at March Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company in the period of 2021-2023 and propose solutions for the coming time.

Timeline: 3rd Mar’23 – 7th Apr’23.

Data collection methord

The study use the primary data is mainly combined with qualitative research method. a) Primary data

Collecting data from previous research articles with the same topic, documents collected on the internet, research articles from the digital library of Duy Tan University on sales of products textiles, using data describing the context from scientific research manuals, newspapers and electronic newspapers,

In addition, we also collect research methods from economic experts, lectures on factors affecting import and export. b) Quantitative method.

This is a research step conducted with direct interview technique through questionnaires of import-export sales staff at March 29 Textile and Garment JoinStock Company Collected data will be processed by SPSS software are Cronbach'sAlpha reliability evaluation techniques, descriptive statistics analysis, exploratory factor analysis EFA and linear regression analysis.

General topic

The global textile market expected to grew from $573.22 billion in 2022 to

$610.91 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.6% The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe.

The countries covered in the textile market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, Vietnam. b) Asia

Asia is the potential market for textile industry, and Asia-Pacific is the leading region in the global textile yarn market, followed by North America, while China is the major exporter with total share of 37 percent in the global trade of textile & apparel sector followed by other countries like India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Vietnam & Cambodia c) Vietnam and Danang city

Although the garment segment has grown in production and exports, there are signs of slowing down In November 2022, Vietnam's garment export value was estimated at $2.85 billion, down 6.4% along with period and 34.6 billion USD, up 18.7% year on year.

Garment manufacturing activity continued to slow down in November when the index of industrial production (IIP) in November 2022 increased by 2.2% and 16.4 respectively over the same period.

For the yarn segment, exports and tieeos production continued to decline Yarn export value in November and 11 months of 2022 was estimated at USD 227 million, down 45.9% over the same period and down 14.1% over the same period last year. Textile production also declined Specifically, textile IIP in November 2022 is estimated to decrease by 1.9% over the same period.

According to statistics of the General Department of Customs, the total export turnover of Vietnam's textile and garment products and related products to the markets of Europe and America by the end of September 2022 reached 20.35 billion USD an increase of 27.3% over the same period in 2021.

In which, exports of textiles and garments reached more than 19.3 billion USD, up 24.7%; Export of raw materials for textile, garment and leather, shoes reached about 354 million USD, up 27.9%; Export of textile fibers and yarns of all kinds reached USD 366 million, up 21.6%; exports of drapery and other technical fabrics reached US$296 million, up 24.2%.

Export of textiles and related products to the Europe - America region currently accounts for about 59% of the total export value of this item of Vietnam to the world.

In which, exports to the US market accounted for 42%, and the EU accounted for 10%.For Danang city, according to the Department of Industry and Trade, in 2022, the city's export turnover of goods is estimated at nearly $2.08 billion In which, the textile and garment industry always has a high export turnover and grows to 532 million USD and up 13.4% compared to 2021.

Related studies

8.1 National research has been published a) Analyzing factor affects the export efficiency of Vietnam's textile and garment to EU countries - Author: Le Ha Phuong published in 2021

This thesis deals with the factors affecting the export efficiency of Vietnam's textile and garment industry to countries in the European Union (EU) The author has analyzed factors such as product quality, production costs, competition with other countries, International trade policies, and consumer markets The author has carried out the research by analyzing statistics on exports of the textile and garment industry from Vietnam to EU countries for many years Research results shows that improving the export efficiency of Vietnam's textile and garment sector to the EU requires improving product quality, improving manufacturing methods, expanding consumer markets, and using new technologies.

Figure 8.1.1 Model research of Le Ha Phuong (2021) b) Factors Affecting Textile and Garment Exports from Vietnam - Author: Tong Thi Anh Ngoc published in the Journal of Economics and Business Research in 2019.

The article "Factors affecting Vietnam's textile and garment exports" by TongThi Anh Ngoc explores the different factors that have contributed to the success ofVietnam's textile industry Based on a literature review and interviews with industry experts, the paper factors such as International trade policy, investment in machinery and technology, access to raw materials, and the workforce Skilled workers are the main contributors to the increase in Vietnam's exports in this area The article also discusses challenges facing the industry such as high competition, volatile global demand, and trade barriers The authors conclude that Vietnam's textile and apparel exports are expected to continue to grow in the future, but the industry must continue to focus on innovation and upgrading its operations to remain competitive.

Figure 8.1.2 Model of Tong Thi Anh Ngoc (2019)

8.2 Research abroad has been published a) The Study of Factors Affecting Textile and Apparel Exports in Sri Lanka - Author: Wijekoon H M S D, Pathirana H V P K G, Fernando H K K, and Chandrasekara, N V publish in 2020

According to this research, revealing that exchange rate volatility has a significant negative impact on the export volume for textiles and garments, this study concludes that the rising exchange rate does not have an opposing influence on textile and apparel exports As depicted in the results, the other factor that affects textile and apparel exports is the import of textile raw materials Finally, this study concludes that textile imports and exchange rates positively influence the textile and apparel exports of Sri Lanka in the short run.However, all the desired explanatory variables including the apparel production index, textile imports, clothing imports, and exchange rate have a long-run relationship with textile and apparel exports.

Research Hypotheses of the study

H1: There is a significant impact of the apparel production index on textile and apparel exports

H2: There is a significant impact of textile imports on textile and apparel exports

H3: There is a significant impact of clothing imports on textile and apparel exports

H4: There is a significant impact of the exchange rate on textile and apparel exports

Figure 8.1.3 Model research of Wijekoon H M S D,

Chandrasekara, N V (2020) b) The Determinants of Indonesian Textile and Clothing Export to the Five Countries of Export Destination (Faizal Irvansyah1*, Hermanto Siregar2, Tanti Novianti3)

This study focuses on the determinants of Indonesian fabric and clothing exports to five major exporting countries, the United States, Japan, the People's Republic ofChina, South Korea, and Turkey in 2017 In this study, the models of factors affecting exports are gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and exchange rates Furthermore,several factors also influence exports, specifically product prices and import tariffs.

Research results show that GDP per capita, the exchange rate of the Rupiah against export destination countries, the price of Indonesian textile products, and changes in import tariffs imposed in export destination countries significantly affect the trade flow (exports) of Indonesian textile products.

Figure 8.1.4 Model research of Faizal Irvansyah1*, Hermanto

Siregar2, Tanti Novianti3 (2017) c) Studies factors affecting the export performance of textile industry in Developing Countries – Author: Yoganandan.G and Jaganathan AT (2013)

The study focused at reviewing researches conducted in the area of determinants and factors affecting the export performance of textile industry The study confirms that the most of the studies have been carried out on establishing the relationship between,

GDP, exchange rate, labor, capital (FDI) and technology with export performance of textile industry Most of the researchers found a positive relationship between the above said variables and textile exports.

Figure 8.1.5 Model of Yoganandan.G and Jaganathan AT

(2013) d) Factor affecting the export performance of textile and garment industry in Ethiopia – Author: Wondu Adugna published in 2018

The study has evaluated those factors, both external and internal, that affect the export performance of textile and garment sector in Ethiopia using both quantitative(OLS regression and questionnaire) and qualitative (FGD) of analysis The study has revealed that previous years' economic growth measured by GDP and investment in capital made has positive impact on the export performance of the sector and the impact is also significant Furthermore, the real effective exchange rate and international trade policies has effect on the export performance.

Figure 8.1.6: Model of Wondu Adugna (2018)

Structure of topic

Chapter 2: Overview of March 29 Textile Garment Join Stock Company and the factor toward import and export textile garment

Chapter 3: Proposed Solutions, Recommendations, conclusion

Chapter 4: Research Methords and Research Results

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

Theoretical basis

1.1.1 Define of import and export activities

According to regulations on the regime and organization of management of import-export business activities, business activities must aim at serving the development of the domestic economy based on effective exploitation and use of potentials and potentials Strengthen the availability of labor, land, and economic resources, generate jobs for the working people, innovate technical equipment and technological method for production, and accelerate the production process The country's industrialization process, fulfilling fundamental and urgent requirements for production and life, and at the same time contributes to production orientation, consumption, and controlling supply and demand to stabilize the domestic market. Import and export are both forms of international trade It is a full system of complicated trade interactions arranged both internally and externally to create profits, stimulate product production, and expand, modifying the underlying structure of commodities and services Stabilize the economy and progressively enhance people's living conditions Import and export are activities that can have immediate impacts but can also inflict significant damage since they have to contend with another economic system from outside that domestic players participating in import and export cannot readily manage.

The acquisition and selling of products with foreign nations to enhance production and commercial life are referred to as import and export However, buying and selling here have more complicated characteristics than in the country, such as transactions with people of different nationalities, a large market that is difficult to control, a large proportion of trading through intermediaries, and payment in foreign currencies Goods carried over border crossings and between nations must adhere to international and local regulations.

Before beginning the study and executing the professional phases, people participating in import and export operations must understand the demand for goods, tastes, consumption patterns, and the potential to grow production and consumption, the country's volatility tendency These concepts become second nature to any import- export trader.

Although import and export bring many advantages, there are still many limitations:

Competition leads to competition to buy and sell import and export goods If there is no strict control of the State promptly, it will cause damage when trading with foreign countries Bad socio-economic activities such as smuggling, tax evasion, supply pressure, and price pressure are easy to develop.

The competition will lead to mutual annexation between economic actors by unfair measures such as sabotage, and obstruction of each other's work The management not only calculates economic efficiency but also has to focus on culture and social ethics.

1.1.2 The role of import and export activities a) For import:

Import is a crucial activity of international trade, import directly and decisively affects production and living Importing is to strengthen the material base, advanced technology, and modern technology for production and goods for consumption that cannot be produced domestically or can not fulfill demand Importing is also a substitute, It means importing things that domestic production will not be as beneficial as exporting In that way, it will bring a positive impact on the balanced development and exploit the potential and strengths of the country such as the national economy in terms of labor, capital, material foundations, resources, and science and technology.

 Import accelerates the process of using material and technical foundations to shift the economic structure in the direction of accelerating the industrialization and modernization of the country.

 Timely supplementing the imbalanced aspects of the economy, ensures a balanced and stable development Exploiting the maximum potential and capacity of the economy into the economic cycle.

 Imports ensure inputs for production, create stable jobs for workers and contribute to improving and raising people's living standards.

 Import plays an active role in promoting exports, contributing to improving the quality of export production, and creating a favorable environment for exporting goods to the international market, especially to the importing country. b) For export:

 Export is a basis of import and a business to bring about great profits, a means of economic promotion Expand exports to increase foreign exchange earnings,facilitate imports, and develop infrastructure Our State always attaches importance to and promotes export-oriented economic sectors, and encourages all economic sectors to expand exports to create jobs and increase foreign currency revenue.

 Exports contribute to economic restructuring in an outward-looking economy.

 Export creates favorable conditions for related industries to develop

 Export creates the ability to expand consumption markets, provide inputs for production, and maximize domestic production.

 Exports create more jobs and improve people's lives.

 Exports are the basis for expanding and promoting the country's external economic relations.

1.1.3 Factors affecting import and export activities a) Global factor

That is a component of the global trade system Tariffs, taxes placed by foreign governments on imported goods, are the most frequent Tariffs may be established to boost national income or to safeguard domestic enterprises Foreign exchange control, which regulates the quantity of foreign money at an exchange rate against another currency, can also limit import and export enterprises.

Import-export companies may also face non-tariff barriers such as import permits or regulatory and regulatory requirements, such as discrimination against foreign contractors, and standards that are discriminatory against foreign goods. b) State and international legal regimes

This is a factor that import-export businesses need to understand and comply with Therefore, it represents the general unification of the world Import-export activities are conducted between entities in different countries, so it is impacted by the policies, regimes and laws of that country, and at the same time complies with the regulations and laws of that country and it must comply with general international laws and regulations. c) Transport system, communication

Import-export activities cannot be carried out without transportation and communication Parties can be separated by half a world and still communicate with each other to agree on timely action thanks to information Transporting products from one nation to another is a time-consuming and costly aspect of import and export activity As a result, if a country's transportation and communication systems are efficient, import-export activities may be carried out conveniently and swiftly, and vice versa. d) Banking and financial system

Currently, the banking and financial system has grown rapidly, interfering with all firms in the economy, large and small, across all economic sectors Without the growth of the financial system, import and export activity would be impossible. Businesses involved in import-export transactions will gain from contacts, reputation, and highly convenient inter-bank payment processes. e) Enterprise and competition in the market

Enterprises cannot import and export goods if they do not have the ability to purchase, process and approach foreign customers Enterprises must know how to take advantage of their strengths to have a firm foothold in the market.

Exports and external economic linkages connect the economy to the global division of labor Export operations usually begin before other external economic activity, which supports the development of these relationships.

OVERVIEW OF MARCH 29 TEXTILE GARMENT AND THE

The 3C analysis

Company name: March 29 Textile Garnment Join Stock Company – HACHIBA

Enterprise registration certificate of join stock company Business code:0400100457 by department of planning and investment of Danang city issues in March 27 2007 and registered to change at the first time in October 27, 2014.

Head office: 60 Me Nhu street,Thanh Khe ward, Danang city.

Website: www.hachiba.com.vn

Email: hachiba@dng.vnn.vn

Figuge 2.1.1.1 Logo of March 29 Textile Garment Join Stock

2.1.1.2 History begins of March 29 Textile Garment Join Stock Company

After 45 years of experiencing many ups and downs, the Textile Complex, now known as the 29/3 Textile-Garment Joint Stock Company (Hachiba), was established in 1976, formerly the weaving complex In November 1978, the People's Committee of Quang Nam Da Nang province signed a decision to convert the 29-3 Cotton TowelTextile Complex into a March 29 Textile Public Private Enterprise.

On March 30, 1984, it officially became a state-owned textile factory named March 29 Textile Factory On March 29, 2007, on the 32nd anniversary of its establishment, the company was officially equitized with the new name of March 29 Textile-Garment Joint Stock Company.

On October 1, 2007, the 29/3 Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company was approved by the State Securities Commission (SSC) for registration as a General Company according to Official Letter No 725/UBCK-QLPH of the State Securities Commission The Hanoi Stock Exchange has accepted the company's registration for stock trading in 2019.

The company's operations have remained steady and progressed, and the scale has been enlarged, with the charter capital presently standing at 42 billion VND The firm continues to invest in equipment upgrades, manufacturing expansion, and personnel skill development training The total yearly output has expanded, product quality has been consistently improved, and models have become more diverse in order to service local and a variety of overseas markets.

March 29 Textile & Garment Joint Stock Corporation now has three branches in Hue (Thua Thien Hue province), Tam Ky (Quang Nam province), and Quang Ngai (Quang Ngai province), as well as a representative office in Ho Chi Minh City.

Customers of the March 29 textile and garment joint stock company include domestic and international markets such as the US, Japan, EU, and so on

Some foreign partners that the company processes in the form of FOB: are Lanier clothes, Desipro Pte., Ltd, apropos Corporation Co., Ltd., Well and David Corp, and Promiles SNC.

HACHIBA's competitors are very diverse both domestics and oversea. a Domestic competitors

For Textile industry: The Company's current competitors are Minh Khai Textile Join Stock Company, Phong Phu Textile Company…

For the Garment industry: Hoa Tho Textile and Garment Corperation(HOTEXCO) and Da Nang Textile and Garment Import-Export Joint Stock Company(VINATEX)… a) International competitor

The US market is Vietnam's largest export market in general, and the March 29Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company's in particular, but the company are now facing severe competition from textile industry giants from China, India, Korea, andASEAN nations, especially since that textile and garment quotas have been abolished for WTO members.

Vision, mission, value

Vietnam's accession to WTO has opened up many development opportunities for the company as well as created many challenges that the company must find ways to overcome.

The vision of Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company on March 29:

"Innovation in production technology, along with the expansion of international markets, and steady development has made the business become one of the leading companies of the central textile industry”

March 29 Textile Joint Stock Company is always willing to work with both domestic and international customers, business partners, workers, and society, with the following commitments:

Regarding quality: The company's motto is "Growth by maintaining credibility," and client satisfaction is the company's success.

In regards to volume and type: Completely fulfill the quantity, quality, and standards based on the needs and expectations of customers and business partners. Making customer and business partner convenience the standard of their operations.

The organization always focuses on people as the most important resource in achieving quality, success, and reputation The success of the firm is dependent on the success of its employees.

The organization considers business not only the financial benefit of the organization but also provides a substantial contribution to the development of the city by creating jobs for thousands of people, contributing to socio-political stability as the main duty of the country.

2.2.3 Main business sectors of the company

March 29 Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company operates in the field of production - trade - service, the main business sector:

- Producing and trading products in the garment industry, the textile industry

- Producing packaging products and materials for the textile industry.

- Wholesale and retail of products in the garment industry

Organizational Structure

Figuge 2.4.1 Organization chart of March 29 Textile Garment

Head office of the company: No 60 Mother Nhu, Thanh Khe Tay Ward, Quan Thanh Khe, Da Nang City.

Branch of textile joint stock company March 29- Duy Trung garment factory is located in Tay An industrial cluster, Duy Trung Commune, Duy Xuyen District,Quang Nam Province.

2.4.2 Function & Duty of the specific department

The General Meeting of Shareholders, which comprises all shareholders with voting rights, is the company's highest decision-making authority.

A general meeting of shareholders annually is held on March 29 every year. The general meeting of shareholders approves the financial settlement, methods of distribution, and use of revenue, production, business, and investment directions and duties.

Approving the charter, as well as changing and augmenting the charter of the firm.

Elect, fire, and deal with Board of Directors and Supervisory Board infractions that harm the firm and its shareholders.

The Board of Directors is the highest management body of the company, with complete authority on behalf of the business to determine all issues connected to the company's aims and interests, except subjects coming under the jurisdiction of the General Meeting of Shareholders The General Meeting of Shareholders elects the Board of Directors The General Meeting of Shareholders elects the Board of Directors.

The Board of Supervisors is elected by the General meeting of shareholders It consists of 3 members, operating independently of the Board of Directors and the Board of Directors, and has the following functions:

Control the whole financial system as well as the company's rules Unusual examination at the request of a shareholder or group of shareholders, and must report and explain the concerns to the Board of Directors, shareholders, or a group of shareholders.

Recommend actions to the Board of Directors or the General Meeting of Shareholders to revise, supplement, and enhance the company's organizational structure of management and administration of business operations.

The General Director and the Deputy General Director are both appointed and fired by the Board of Directors.

The General Director is the legal representative of the company and is in charge of operating the company's business operations and is responsible to the Board of Directors for carrying out the given right and responsibility

Authorized deputy general director directly in charge of technology as well as the representative of quality leadership and corporate social responsibility

 Electromechanical engineering, investment and environment Department

The Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Investment, and Environment is under the direct management of the Deputy General Director and has the following functions:

Advising the Director in technical management, operation of electromechanical systems, setting up investment projects to build basic works, expanding production and business activities of the company

The Technical Department of Sewing Equipment is in charge of managing, supervising, and ensuring the operation of sewing machines and equipment

The Garment Technology-Technology Department has the function of advising the Board of Directors in managing sewing science and technology activities, improving and renewing sewing technology, and improving the skills of technicians, garment workers, and product design designers.

The General Department has the function of advising and assisting the Board of Directors in managing, supervising, and guiding departments in the company in such areas as management, personnel arrangement, and administrative work of the company the company, and manage the security team.

Import-Export Sales Department directly manages import-export business activities, advises sales directors on production and consumption plans, and market research, and establishes relationships with customers and suppliers provide.

The accounting department is responsible for organizing accounting work and accurately planning arising economic operations under the provisions of law organize the supervision of receipts and expenditures, pay debts, inspect the use of assets of the company, monitor and balance the finances, regulate loans for production and business, set the level of expenses salary expenses, financial planning, and periodic reports as required by the board of directors

The Life Management Department is responsible for inspecting and supervising the implementation of labor policies, diets, and rest for employees, advising on emulation, commendation, and discipline of the whole company.

The companies currently have four garment factories, two Veston factories and one textile factory, and one factory in Duy Trung These enterprises have the main function of carrying out product production processes in accordance with the production plan of the company.

Internal environment of the company

With a dedication to quality, the firm strives to continually create, diversify goods and services, and comply with the increasing demands of clients Improve corporate efficiency by developing and innovating equipment and machinery Using current technologies in conjunction with human resource development to boost the Company's development and increase employee productivity.

2.5.2 Medium and long term development strategy

Always ensure that the company develops quickly, stably and sustainably.Developing the Company in the direction of specialization, modernization, catching up with the 4.0 technology trend in the current textile and garment industry Develop a transparent and clear financial plan, flexibly meet capital requirements for production,apply new technologies to improve product quality, save costs and improve competitiveness Develop an appropriate product promotion strategy, bringing theHaichiba brand to the European market Invest in finding, attracting and maintaining high-quality human resources Expand production and business scale, improve quality and diversify products.

2.5.3 Human Resources of the company

Unskilled employees make up the majority Due to the industry's specificity, which focuses on sewing and weaving techniques when working in factories, it is not important to have a degree Unskilled garment workers, on the other hand, have great production skills.

A small number of employees at university or college level with managerial, specialized and technical knowledge take on higher operational positions These are individuals who have been trained and graduated with a bachelor's degree from a professional training institution or class.

Training policies, wage and bonus rules, and labor safety regulations have all been properly implemented at the company Working mode 8 hours/day, overtime not exceeding 4 hours/day, as well as policies to improve the quality of staff meal to ensure the health of workers to work most effectively

The company specializes in manufacturing and trading cotton towels and garments Export markets focus on: America, Europe, Japan.

The current workforce is over 3,700 people and eight factories: including five garment factories, two Weston factories, and one cotton towel factory.

Annual production capacity: - Garment: over 6 million garment products including Weston, casual pants, jackets, sportswear and so on

- Wash over 5 million products with wash technology: bio-wash, ball-wash, stone-wash, and so on

- Cotton towels: nearly 500 tons of cotton towels of all kinds with dobby, jacquard decorations, print flowers, rent Currently, the company's cotton towels are supplied to more than 1000 hotels and luxury resorts in Da Nang and neighboring provinces and cities.

2.5.5 The reputation of the business is the slogan of the company's activities

“Our company is not the biggest, but we are determined to strive to become one of the most prestigious” – Prestige with the community, prestige with customers, and prestige within the agency is the difference that helps The company overcomes challenges in the most competitive environment.

The senior management board has a strategy for the firm that includes strategic initiatives such as investing extensively in manufacturing technology, developing classic textile items with innovative designs, and growing joint ventures Cooperate with industry units, with an emphasis on human resource training

 The prestige of the brand, the trust, and support from customers

The company has satisfied customers from fastidious markets such as the United States, Japan, Korea, Eastern Europe, Israel, etc.

Awards that the company has achieved for its products and business achievements: Vietnam Gold Star Award, Vietnam Intellectual Property Gold Cup, theWIPO Award, and many consecutive years of winning awards "High-qualityVietnamese goods" voted by users and the title of "Prestigious export enterprise"

External environment of the company

The State has introduced a number of urgent policies to promote production and business activities and economic recovery:

- Apply consistent, synchronous and unified measures from the central to local levels to maintain both supply and demand in the market, maintain production, supply, circulation and transport of goods, and stabilize domestic consumer market.

- The goal of stabilizing the macro-economy; maintaining financial and monetary market stability Closely coordinate and flexibly operate between monetary policy, credit policy, fiscal policy and social security policy in the spirit of making the most of resources.

- Policies to encourage domestic consumption, focusing on strongly developing the domestic market, stimulating domestic consumption, campaigning "Vietnamese people give priority to using Vietnamese goods".

- Effectively deploy the plan to implement the free trade agreements to boost exports Take advantage of opportunities from world economic trends, proactively respond to the negative effects of trade competition and trade conflicts.

The State Bank also regularly directs credit institutions to expand and diversify banking products and services, to develop a network of financial and government financial companies across regions for Business loans Promote production and business development to directly serve the goals of economic growth and stabilizing social life.

The inflation rate in Vietnam is still at 2.4% over the same period last year, among the countries with the lowest and most stable inflation in the world From the perspective of both demand-pull and cost-push dynamics, Vietnam still has good control over the factors that make up inflation.

Textile and garment products will enjoy reduced export tax to the EU market thanks to the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EVFTA) Under the FTA, garments including B3, B5, B7 will be reduced by 2-4% of export tax by 2023.

Technology is the leading fundamental factor in the textile garment industry. Technology and equipment make productivity increase, and product quality increase, helping manufactured goods to meet customer needs and customer tastes.

One of the primary constraints of Vietnam's textile and apparel industry today is a lack of manufacturing capacity and obsolete technologies Today's textile and garment sector operations are preeminent outsourced to other nations or limited to simple products, while high-tech products with high added value have yet to be satisfied As a result, if appropriately invested in technology, Vietnam's textile industry in general, and the company's in particular, may promote their full potential and quality while also contributing to the reduction of waste produced into the environment.

2.6.4 Factors of society and culture

We live in an era of extraordinarily fast change, fueled by forces such as technical advancement and globalization trends The economy is expanding, people's living standards are rising, and people are paying greater attention to products and services, including the desire for stylish items Meanwhile, Chinese clothing with low pricing and various styles that change frequently and are well suited to Vietnamese preferences dominate the local garment market These factors increase not only affecting garment production in Vietnam but also around the world Therefore, if businesses do not make breakthroughs in production and do not focus on investment, it will be easy to fall behind.

Population Although Vietnam is only a country in the process of an "aging population", it is not considered a country with "an aging population", but Vietnam is considered a country with a rapid population aging rate and high population growth rate Predicted to become a country with an “aging population” soon For the textile and garment industry, the demand for labor is very high, more than half of the costs of garment companies are labor costs Because of the golden population period, the current labor supply is very high The domestic market is increasingly limited,competition is increasing due to the increasing number of businesses across the country, and workers also have more choices.

GAP

According to experts, in 2023, Vietnam's textile and garment industry still faces many difficulties and challenges when it depends heavily on input costs, labor costs and economic recession Notably, the current global economic recession has pushed down demand in both the domestic market and major importing countries: the US, Japan, South Korea, etc.

In addition, in the context of the escalating exchange rate, the currency in some countries importing large orders tends to depreciate, which also significantly affects the export of the textile and garment industry in Vietnam.

SWOT analysis

S1: March 29 Textile Joint Stock Company is currently one of the the largest textile and garment companies in Da Nang city

S2: The infrastructure system is synchronous, meeting the needs of domestic and foreign products Build the trust of domestic and foreign customers.

S3: March 29 Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company is one of the leading production and business units of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Vietnam, gradually expanding, consolidating, and developing exports, especially to the European, Japan, American markets, and so on.

S4: Having a long-standing brand name, affirming its position through the awards achieved such as the title: "Prestigious export enterprise" of the Ministry of Industry and Trade for many years, the top 200 Vietnam Gold Star Awards, the title of an enterprise meeting cultural standards for five consecutive years and a lot of other awards.

S5: The company prioritizes cooperation with environmentally friendly manufacturing plants and increasingly evaluates green products Duy Trung Garment Factory has been recognized as the second project of Vietnam to successfully apply for and obtain the Lotus green building certificate for the building in operation and the first green building project of Quang Nam.

W1: Currently, the majority of the raw materials and yarn used in the company's manufacturing are sourced from China As a result, the corporation may face risks if raw material prices vary, causing input prices to rise.

W2: Labor is mainly unskilled, with a small minority of experienced workers.

O1: The growth of the textile and garment industry is expected from opportunities from new-generation free trade agreements that Vietnam participates in, including EVFTA From 2023, many products exported from Vietnam to the EU will be subject to zero export tax.

O3: Vietnam's ability to proactively supply domestic supply is increasing in proportion year by year Currently, the textile and garment industry has been active in45-47% of the supply.

O4: The abundant labor source after the covid-19 pandemic is also an opportunity for the textile industry to develop and increase export turnover.

T1: In 2023, it is forecasted that there will be numerous challenges for export manufacturing industries such as textiles and garments, the world demand has not shown any indications of recovery because the world macroeconomic environment remains unpredictable Total world textile and garment demand is expected to be about

700 billion USD, an 8% decrease compared to 2022.

T2: The main export markets all decreased or increased insignificantly In addition, there are strict requirements from brands, such as reduced manufacturing costs, small orders, quick delivery times, better quality requirements, conversion to using fabrics with recycled fibers, etc In addition, there are also requirements that businesses must comply with many other policies of the brand, such as sustainable development, greening, energy saving, and emission reduction.

Human resources situation of March 29 Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company

Labor is an indispensable factor that determines the success of production and business activities of any enterprise An enterprise with abundant labor resources, professional qualifications, and good skills will create favorable conditions for the business to thrive Especially, the garment industry is a direct production industry, so it needs a large source of labor to serve production and business.

As of December 31, 2021, the structure of employees, officers, and employees of the company is as follows:

Unit: Million VNDOrdinal Categorical Year 2020 Year 2021 2021/2020 numbers properties Quantity

(Source: Annual report of March 29 Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company in 2020-2021)

Table 2.9.1 Labor Structure of March 29 Textile and Garment joint stock company 2020-2021

According to the analysis data in Table 2.9.1, the total number of employees of the business has dropped over the last two years, from 3,701 in 2020 to 3,329 in 2021 with a corresponding decrease of 10.051% From 2020 to 2021, the entire number of workers reduced is 372 people The reason for this decrease is that the Covid-19 epidemic in Vietnam is still complex and unpredictable, making it difficult to draw and hire workers because workers do not want to return to the city to work The number of Covid-19 infections at the Company increased, leading to a labor shortage becoming a dilemma Skilled labor is not recruited enough for production needs, so it affects the production capacity of the Enterprises.

Unskilled labor has the largest percentage in terms of structure by degree. Unskilled employees will make for 94.35% of the workforce in 2020, or 3,492 people, and 93.99% of the workforce in 2021, or 3,129 people The number of unskilled workers is high because most employees work in the garment and textile industries and do not prioritize education however, their credentials, skills, and working experience are excellent.

Most employees with high education levels hold important positions in the company: Board of Directors, Accounting Department, Sales Department, GeneralDepartment, etc They are trained people graduating with bachelor's degrees through professional training at university Employees with college and university degrees increase over the years Looking at the table, we can see that university graduates are relatively good A slight increase from 115 people to 159 people in 2021 is equivalent to more than 38% It shows that the company is increasingly paying attention to the level of employees when the company is aiming for long-term development.

Regarding labor safety policy: When working at the company, employees are provided with training programs, instructions on safety, labor protection, fire prevention, etc The company maintains employees Medical staff ensure health, professional skills and have a team of at least 2% of the company's total employees who are trained in first aid and emergency skills to promptly serve patients The medical station is equipped with tools, beds, and an air-conditioning system for first aid and health care for employees In addition, the company also equips a medical medicine cabinet with the most necessary drugs at the production sites and clear instructions on how to use them.

Employees are given periodic health checks, for shift workers, they are instructed on food hygiene and safety and are given a medical checkup every 6 months The Company maintains an annual environmental impact assessment to promptly take measures to remedy factors that may affect the health of employees.

In addition to the normal working time per day, the number of overtime hours must not exceed more than 4 hours in a working day On public holidays, in addition to the prescribed number of days off, depending on the production plan, the company will arrange for employees to take leave.

Employees can negotiate with the company to take leave without pay.

The company guarantees 100% of employees to participate in social insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance The company always pays social insurance on time to ensure employees enjoy sick leave, maternity leave.

 Regarding salary and bonus policy:

The company pays wages to employees no later than the 15th of the following month Every year the employee receives the 13th month salary equal to the average salary of the number of months work during the year About welfare: In addition to salary, employees are also given gifts by the company on holidays, New Year's Day, Company's traditional day,birthday Based on the achievements of the employees as well as the contributions of the employees, the Company organizes for the employees to go on a trip abroad.Besides, based on the employee's contribution time, the Company gives gifts upon marriage, funeral of self or relatives When he retires and has actually worked at theCompany for more than 15 years, he will receive an annual allowance of ẵ month's average salary of the rank outside the regime prescribed by the State from the 16th year onwards.

Status of assets and capital of the company

(Source: Consolidated financial statements of textile and garment joint stock company March 29 for the period 2020-2022)

Table 2.10 Situation of assets and capital sources of March 29 textile and garment joint stock company in the period 2020-2022

In general, in the period of 2020-2022, The company's total assets have many fluctuations, specifically: In 2021, a decrease of VND 37,728 million, equivalent to 5.27%, in 2022, total assets decrease of 32,488 million VND, equivalent to a decrease of 4.79%

- In 2021 compared to 2020: short-term assets in 2021 will decrease by 12,227 million VND, equivalent to 2.54% Long-term assets decreased by 25,502 millionVND, equivalent to 10.82% This decrease shows that long-term assets fell more sharply than short-term assets, specifically because the depreciation of fixed assets in the year increased by 13.00% compared to the same period last year.

- Total assets in 2022 reached VND 646,273 million, down 4.79% compared to the same period in 2021 In 2022, both asset indicators decreased compared to 2021; Specifically, short-term assets decreased from 468,486 million VND to 465,827 million VND, or 0.57% decrease, long-term assets decreased from 210,275 million VND to 180,446 million VND, or 14.19% decrease In 2022, the Company continues to maintain the same organizational structure as in previous years The Company's branch is still operating stably, achieving good efficiency when performing assigned tasks The reason is that the Company liquidated all kinds of textile machinery and equipment and depreciated it annually With the residual value of tangible fixed assets currently only about 32.17% of the original cost, this is also the time when the Company must have orientations on technological innovation, investment in machinery and equipment modernized and automated to catch up with the current 4.0 technology trend.

 About the source of capital

The analysis shows that in the period of 2020-2021, the company's total capital has fluctuations, specifically: In 2021, it will decrease by VND 37,728 million, equivalent to 5.27% compared to 2020 In 2022, total assets continued to decrease by 32,489 million VND, equivalent to 4.79%.

Total liabilities in 2021 decreased by 7.22%, equivalent to 42,334 million VND.

In which, short-term debt continues to account for a large proportion of the Company's debt structure, accounting for 95.13% from 88.71% in 2020; The reason is that in the year the ratio of long-term debt decreased more than short-term debt Specifically,long-term debt decreased by 25.66% over the same period in 2020, from VND 66,226 million to VND 49,232 million; Short-term debt decreased by 7.22% over the same period in 2020, from 520,288 million VND to 494,947 million VND Contributing to this decrease was due to the fact that during the year the Company paid down long- term debt, equivalent to 38.43% compared to the same period five years ago Thus,with the policy of reducing financial burden, HCB has successfully reduced debt and used leverage effectively.

Although, in 2022, the Company still has enough shipments for production,however, shipments for 2023 are not enough Thereby, items related to short-term credit with suppliers of the Company recorded a decrease at the end of the year.Besides, the increase in interest rates at the end of the year also made the Company consider increasing loans, both short-term and long-term The Company's long-term loans and leases also recorded a sharp decrease from VND 26.10 billion to VND 13.71 billion at the end of the period, thereby contributing to a decrease in the Company's recorded long-term debt.

Actual situation of the company's export business

(Source: Annual report of textile and garment joint stock company March 29 for the period 2020-

Table 2.11.1 Table of export turnover of March 29 Textile and Garment joint stock company 2020-2022

Acodding to the table, showing that the export turnover of the company has changed markedly from year to year In 2021, export turnover will reach 74.67 million USD, higher than 2020's 10.05 million USD, equivalent to an increase of 15.55% This proves that the company has not stopped making efforts to bring up its import and export business, even though in the period of 2020-2021, the world's economic situation is seriously affected by Covid 19 pandemic In 2022, export turnover reached 80.91 million USD, an increase of 6.24 million USD, equivalent to 8.35% compared to

2021 Looking at the statistics over the past 3 years, the company's export turnover has increased steadily over the years shows that the company's production and business operation is very tiits The company constantly improves its production capacity to increase export business efficiency and create a position in the market.

Value Proportion Value Proportion Value %

(Source: Annual report of textile and garment joint stock company March 29, 2020-2021)

Table 2.11.2.1 Table of export turnover of March 29 Textile and Garment joint stock company 2020-2021

From the table above, we can see that the company's main export markets are the

US, Europe and Great Brita in In 2021, the export value to the US reached 28.92 million USD, down 6.36 million USD, equivalent to 18.02% Export value to theEuropean market increased by 7.99 million USD, equivalent to 30.82%

Analysis the business performance

2.12.1 Revenue and market share of each group of products and services

1 Net sales of goods and provision of services 757,901 840,978 937,927 83,077 10.96 96,949 11.53

4 Total accounting profit before tax 12,021 15,104 23,018 3,084 25.65 7,913 52.39

(Source: Consolidated financial statements of March 29 Textile Garment Company)

Table 2.12.1.1 Business performance report of March 29 Textile Garment

Sales and service provider revenue in 2022 reached VND 937,927 million, up 11.53% compared to 2021 In 2021, it reached VND 840,978 million, up 10.96% compared to 2020 Revenue in 3 years 2020-2022 still increased steadily over the years In general, the analysis results reflect that HACHIBA Joint Stock Company in the three years of 2020 and 2021 will operate effectively and bring economic benefits, although the business is still affected by many environmental factors Due to the Covid

19 epidemic, the economic growth rate is not high.

Net revenue from selling goods and providing services

Figure 2.12.1.1 Growth rate of net sales and service provision in 2020-2022

2.10.2 Revenue and profit growth rate in the last 3 years

Net revenue from selling goods and providing services Gross profit Profit after tax

Figure 2.12.1.2 Growth rate of revenue and profit from 2020-

Analysis of the company's financial position in the last 3 years

Profit after income tax of the enterprise

Net sales of goods and provision of services

(Source: Consolidated Garment Company) financial statements of March 29 Textile

Table 2.13.1.1 Business performance report of March 29 Textile Garment

HACHIBA's profitability ratio tended to increase in 2021, showing the company's operational efficiency in financial management and expense management. The ROA and ROE ratios in 2021 compared to 2020 also have an impressive increase of 30.77%, which are positive signs that the company was using assets and capital more efficiently and optimizing current resources.

The company's return on assets in the 3 years (2020-2022) has maintained a stable increase And during this period, the company also reduced capital investment and assets decreased, showing that the post-epidemic economic situation was still difficult, leading to the company reducing investment.

Return on equity increases over two years The year (2020-2021) increases by30.77% and the year (2021-2022) increases by 65.6% Both net sales increased but equity decreased, indicating that the company was downsizing its business, however,equity decreased only slightly In addition, the turnover of equity only increased over the years and was all greater than 1 According to the analysis results, the firm successfully used equity while maintaining a stable business scale.

Some solutions to improve garment import and export business at march

Orientation for import-export activities of textile and garment joint stock company 29/2 in the future

The development goals of Vietnam's textile and garment industry by 2030 are:

- Building the textile and garment industry into one of the spearhead industries, oriented to export and capable of meeting the increasing demand for domestic consumption, creating many jobs for the society, improving competitiveness, and firmly integrating into the regional and world economy.

- Ensure the textile and garment industry develops sustainably and effectively based on modern technology, quality management system, labor management, and environmental management according to international standards.

Along with the general development trend of Vietnam's textile and garment industry, HACHIBA company also has its directions in exporting goods to foreign markets In addition to realizing its goals, Hachiba company also contributes to making the textile industry of Da Nang City in particular and of Vietnam in general stronger, promoting the growth of the country's economy.

Based on actual results achieved in the past years, facing the advantages and limitations as analyzed, and at the same time, to contribute to the realization of the common goal of Vietnam's textile industry, Hachiba Company has Specific development directions in the coming years are set out as follows:

Product quality is an essential factor influencing a company's image and reputation, and it is also a factor with which businesses compete, if excellent product quality helps the company obtain a competitive advantage and remain firm in the market.

Thus, to improve the quality of manufactured products, the company should pay attention to the following issues:

- Invest in upgrading equipment and manufacturing processes for garment and textile products

- Ensuring the quality of materials used for production

- Taking care of the training, fostering, and improving skills of workers

- Good implementation of product inspection before exporting goods

- Check the quality of input materials before proceeding to produce products.

Currently, the needs of consumers are always changing, so to meet those needs of consumers, the company must regularly change and improve the design of its products. Next time

- Conduct market research to find out the current needs of consumers and then find the best way to meet these needs.

- There should be a specific product diversification strategy and necessary conditions for the implementation of that strategy.

- Pay due attention to market research in service of fashion model creation.

Sales and sales services are being completed and expanded To take advantage of surplus supplies as well as domestic supplies, as well as to improve managers' expertise as well as professionalism, employees must understand production and business management, as well as how to collect and process necessary information scientifically, set and define goals, and make reasonable and timely decisions Increase and educate employees in expertise, foreign languages, and informatics.

Organize production improvement to increase worker output and effectiveness. New expert staff training and retraining to adjust to market mechanisms Workers must be accountable for keeping the apparatus and tools they are in control of, have industrial etiquette in production lines, and operate machinery.

Continue to engage in progressively perfecting machinery and equipment in accordance with contemporary technology in order to create high-tech goods and adapt to the most demanding marketplaces.

However, the Company must avoid the phenomenon of huge investment causing structural imbalances, specialist machinery purchased but still deficient in types To prevent the problem of importing obsolete equipment, reconditioned equipment, and input costs, imports of technology, tools, and equipment must be carefully chosen in terms of technological traits as well as economic and marketing factors.

Some Solutions to improve garment export business at Textile and garment joint

3.2.1 Well-organized research and market access

Market research is a problem for all business activities at all levels, from state management to the organization and operation of enterprises of large and small scales,because the market is the starting point of the business all activities in the commodity economy Market research to adapt to the ever-changing market is an important measure for the survival and development of any garment exporting enterprise.

Focusing on research and market access is often the decisive factor for the success of an enterprise in the international market Hachiba Company needs to pay more attention to this work as it must be an important content in its business strategy Since then, the Company has had appropriate plans, and organizational and investment measures.

Market research is done at two different levels First of all, the company needs to study the market overview, influencing factors: competitive environment, political and legal environment, science and technology, sociocultural environment then conduct research market details for more specific information In this step, the company needs to segment the market according to different criteria such as age, gender, occupation, income, consumption habits, etc to study the consumption needs of each other market segment about the Company's products, their shopping behavior as well as the factors influencing that behavior to behave appropriately.

Through relationships with customers to learn and do business with the Company, it is necessary to have a sense of dedication to learn to capture their experience in market research It is the most effective way to understand the market realistically while the market survey conditions are still difficult Because they are seasoned professionals, knowledgeable about the world market, and well-versed in the garment export business.

To capture information and find customers, the Company needs to maintain good relationships with domestic and foreign authorities as well as the Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the Vietnam National Textile and Garment Corporation, and the Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry opportunities for our trade in other countries at the same time, with dynamic relationships such as links with overseas Vietnamese, offices, and many other agencies abroad to exploit and capture information on different markets.

To do Good labor works research rescue and next near market school Labour ty needs Mandarin heart more to the functional department that specializes in marketing so that this department become an effective assistant for production and business activities of the Company The company must appreciate the role of this work, turn it into a meaningful activity regularly and have an appropriate investment policy for staff training specializing in family goods specializing in Have blame duty

3.2.2 Expanding Relations with foreign partners

In the current economic conditions, the role of partners is really important, it determines the success or failure of any company Whether business cooperation can be maintained or not depends on the choice of partner Each field of operation is different, and the impact of these factors is different, but in general, they all affect business performance.

In export processing activities, the role of choosing the right partner is very important Due to the characteristics of this activity, the dependence of each party is very large, so both sides must learn about each other for the commercial relationship between the two sides to be most effective.

The expansion of relations with foreign partners is carried out by the sales and marketing department through activities such as sending representatives abroad, through chambers of commerce, information organizations to find seek information about markets as well as foreign partners with which the Company needs to establish business relationships, from which the company can expand its export markets and at the same time expand its commercial relationships trade with business partners.

In the future, the Company will actively expand relationships with partners from countries: the US, Brazil, the EU, and especially the EU market - a market that the company has been focusing on exploiting and achieving sales being in this market is big.

3.2.3 Improving the Quality of business logistics activities

 For raw materials and auxiliary materials

Currently, the source of raw materials for the Company's export production facilities is still mainly imported from abroad because domestic fabrics and raw materials do not meet the requirements of quality and variety customer type.Therefore, the Company needs to have a close relationship with foreign material production facilities to provide the Company with a more stable and quality source of raw materials for the production and direct export of garments wear That requires theCompany to perform well in international market research to ensure that it has the necessary information about that establishment, to avoid the Company having to buy through intermediaries or damage caused by not understanding know about the market.

In addition, the Company needs to closely coordinate with domestic raw material suppliers That will allow the Company to create synergy for a closed, synchronous cycle from raw materials to the final product Since then, the Company has been proactive in its production and business plans, specifically the plan to accelerate the Company's transition to direct export, which brings higher economic efficiency.

Hachiba Company, like many other garment enterprises, is facing a great demand for innovation and modernization of equipment and machinery for export, forcing companies to import them from abroad, including spare parts replace In the current condition of limited capital, it is a rather difficult problem for the Company, so the Company needs to cooperate well with garment mechanical companies, providing them with information about their needs demand for renewal, replacement, and repair of the Company's machinery and equipment The Company can even support a part of the funds so that they can produce machinery, equipment, and spare parts at cheap prices and with guaranteed quality, helping the Company to save a large amount of foreign currency still, ensure the production of processed and direct goods At the same time, if they are unable to produce, they can also provide timely information to the Company in effectively investing in machinery, equipment, and technology.

 For the skill level of the workforce

This is the place that will train and provide the Company with skilled technical workers and capable officers to help the Company overcome difficulties and constantly rise to assert itself in the world garment market with products of high quality The Company's cooperation with training institutions will help the training be associated with the needs of use, and quality assurance and meet the actual requirements of production and business of the Company This work can be done in the form of organizing skill tests for workers, organizing short-term training courses for staff to improve their qualifications Those who have the knowledge and quality for the profession will be a decisive factor in the success of the Company in making the transition from simple processing to purchasing raw materials for semi-finished products.

Conclusions and Recommendations

Exporting is a necessary business action for any country's income In today's market economy and foreign integration, a company that wishes to remain firm in the market and triumph over the competition must continuously better their business activities.

With the business results that the 29/3 Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company has accomplished in the export business over the past few years, it is clear that the Company has a lot of potential for growth in the foreign market In the future, the Company must work harder to market its export business, thereby adding to the general growth of the country's economy Despite the fact that my employment at the company was brief and my knowledge was limited, I finished my graduation thesis under the devoted supervision of members of the Import-Export Department, making a minor addition to the overall company's export business, that is:

The topic has systematized the theory of garment export Moreover, through the analysis of the current status of export business activities, it has shown the strengths and weaknesses of the Company when participating in the international market As a result, the solutions mentioned in the article are realistic to the current situation of the Company.

With the above solutions, I hope to contribute a small part to the improvement of the Company's garment export business shortly.

In addition to the Company's efforts in perfecting import and export operations, certain impacts necessitate State assistance The State provides a full legal passageway and a healthy competitive environment, which is an essential element that directly impacts the business process in general and import-export operations in particular, namely:

To better support business operations, Gorvernment need to invest more in infrastructure, transportation, communication, finance, and banking In addition,Government should, in particular, engage in the development of a system of ships, wharves, and loading and unloading trucks so that Vietnamese businesses can take the lead in discussing and signing international trade contracts.

When engaging in foreign business, businesses, particularly import enterprises, require a big capital supply Currently, bank capital and government subsidies make for a very tiny percentage of both state-owned and private businesses Bank loans are the most common form of company capital As a result, the government should alter the lending process at banks to simplify procedures and lower lending interest rates in order to motivate enterprises to engage in import and export.

An import-export bank should be created to promote import-export operations, as well as to support and urge the establishment of an import insurance fund and an import support fund.

Businesses in our country are generally "hungry for information" about the import-export market, so the State needs to support businesses in processing and collecting information about the import-export market, helping them The enterprise proposes an effective business plan, namely:

 The government should arrange the yearly and periodic distribution to companies of world commodity market papers on buying power, buyer demand, products popular with foreign customers, and rates.

 The State should create a smooth trade information channel from the Vietnamese standing office abroad, the Ministry of Trade to the Departments of Commerce and Enterprises The State can open consulting offices for businesses

RESEARCH METHODS RESEARCH RESULTS

Research design and methodology

In this section, methodological issues, the nature of data, types and sources of data are presented Once the data is collected using different collection techniques and instruments, an econometrics model and descriptive way of analysis is used.

Conceptually research approaches are plans and procedures for research that span the steps from broad assumptions to detailed methods of data collection, analysis and interpretation This plan involves several decisions and they need not be taken in the order in which they make sense The overall decisions involve which approach should be used to study a topic There are three different research approaches: Qualitative research, quantitative research and mixed research approach

Qualitative research approach is an approach for exploring and understanding the meaning of individuals or group ascribe to social or human problem The process of research involves emerging questions and procedures, data typically collected in the participant’s setting Data analysis inductively builds from particular to general themes, and the researcher makes interpretations of the meaning of the data

Quantitative research approach is an approach for testing objective theories by examining the relationship between variables These variables, in turn, can be measured, typically on instruments, so that numbered data can be analyzed using statistical procedures.

Mixed methods approach is an approach to inquiry involving collecting both qualitative and quantitative data, interpreting the two forms of data and using distinct designs that may involve assumptions and theoretical frameworks The core assumption of this form of inquiry is that the combination of both qualitative and quantitative approaches provides a more complete understanding of a research problem than either approach alone That is both qualitative or quantitative approaches have some specific limitations and/or problems However, if a research employs both approaches at a time, the weakness of one approach will be solved by the strength of the other approach As a result this study used a mixed method approach using both qualitative and quantitative methods to adequately answer the researcher's proposed research questions.

In the previous sections, it has been mentioned that the broader objective of this study is to explore the factors that affect import and export textile and garment industries and find whether Import or export affact to International trade policy In doing so, the study has employed both qualitative and quantitative methods in order to describe the solutions for the observed problems in the sectors In the same fashion the study is both descriptive and explanatory in the sense that it describes the findings from the primary sourced data and also explains the relationship between variables in an econometrics model.

To accomplish the research objective of the topic, the author chose the method of making a survey questionnaire To facilitate the survey, the author selected sample units residing in Da Nang city The subjects conducting the survey were employees at b) Sample size

Here the researcher calculated the sample size as per the study of Whitley and Ball, (2002) The formula for sample size determination is

N = population size • e = Margin of error (percentage in decimal form) • z z-score

• The z-score is the number of standard deviations a given proportion is away from the mean Smaller margin of error, one must have a larger sample size given the same population The higher the sampling confidence level one wants to have, the larger sample size will need to be.

Primary data are those which are collected for the first time and are always given in the form of raw materials and original in character These types of data need the application of statistics methods for the purpose of analysis and interpretation. Accordingly in order to identify the factors that can affect the import and export of textile and garment in March 29 Textile Garment Join stock company, a primary data is collected from managing directors, managers, and all of employees of the company under the case using different data collection tools including questionnaire.

In addition to the above mentioned primary source of data, this study has also used secondary data which is also collected from different secondary sources of data including data from documents, books and piece of research works.

Synthesis of studies of related research models

The research model was formed on the basis of finding out the influence of a number of factors affecting the export of textiles and garments at March 29 Textile Garment Join Stock Company.

Wijekoon HMS D, Pathirana HVPK G, Fernando

Faizal Irvansyah 1*, Hermanto Siregar2, Tanti Novianti3 (2017)

Yogana ndan.G and Jaganat han AT (2013)

Table 4.2.1 Matrix of factors affecting import and export of textiles

Note: The x sign represents the variable appearing the corresponding factor in the model of the above studies.

Factors affecting textile and garment export and import

Inheriting the convergence in research results of Le Ha Phuong (2021), Tong Thi Anh Ngoc (2019), Wijekoon HMS D, Pathirana HVPK G, Fernando HK K, and Chandrasekara, N V (2020), Faizal Irvansyah1 *, Hermanto Siregar2, Tanti Novianti3

(2017), Yoganandan.G and Jaganathan AT (2013, research proposes factors affecting textile export and imports, including 4 factors: Workforce, Technology, Capital, and Exchange Rate.

The workforce is a key factor in determining the success of a logistic company's international trade policy A well-trained and experienced workforce can help to ensure that exports are shipped on time and to the correct destination, while imports are received in good condition and processed efficiently In addition, a workforce that is familiar with the customs regulations and trade agreements of different countries can help to avoid delays and penalties There are several ways in which a logistic company can ensure that its workforce is well-equipped to handle international trade One way is to provide training on the specific requirements of exporting and importing This training should cover topics such as customs clearance, documentation, and transportation In addition, the company should provide its employees with the opportunity to learn about the cultures and business practices of the countries with which it does business.

Another way to ensure that the workforce is prepared for international trade is to hire employees who have experience in this area Employees who have worked in other logistic companies or in international trade departments of other businesses can bring valuable knowledge and skills to the job Finally, the company should create a culture of continuous learning and improvement This means encouraging employees to stay up to date on the latest developments in international trade and to share their knowledge with others By taking these steps, a logistic company can build a workforce that is well-equipped to handle the challenges of international trade.

Here are some specific examples of how the workforce can impact export and import:

 A workforce that is familiar with the customs regulations of different countries can help to ensure that exports are shipped on time and to the correct destination.

 A workforce that is experienced in handling international paperwork can help to avoid delays and penalties.

 A workforce that can communicate effectively with customers and suppliers in different countries can help to build relationships and ensure that orders are filled correctly.

 A workforce that is motivated and engaged can help to improve efficiency and productivity, which can lead to lower costs and increased profits.

In short, the workforce is a critical asset for any logistic company that is involved in international trade By investing in its workforce, a company can improve its chances of success in this competitive and ever-changing industry.

The workforce can have a significant impact on the export of textile garments A skilled and efficient workforce can help to increase productivity and reduce production costs, making the products more competitive in the global market Additionally, a well-trained workforce can help to ensure that the products meet the quality standards required by international buyers On the other hand, a shortage of difficult skilled workers or high labor costs can make it for textile garment manufacturers to compete with other countries in the global market Research by Tong Thi Anh Ngoc (2019), and Yoganandan.G and Jaganathan AT (2013) have shown that Workforce has an impact on textile exports So, the proposed hypothesis is:

H 1 : Labor force has a positive impact on textile exports

The workforce plays a crucial role in the import of textile garments Several factors related to the workforce can impact importing processes and outcomes: Skill level, Labor cost, Workforce productivity, Availability of labor, Compliance with labor regulations Previous studies have shown that the quality and quantity of the labor force have a positive influence on textile imports So, the proposed hypothesis is.

H 2 : Work force has a positive impact on textile imports

Technology has a significant impact on export and import and can play a major role in the success of a logistic company's international trade policy Here are some of the ways in which technology can

As a result of these factors, technology can play a major role in the success of a logistic company's international trade policy By investing in technology, businesses can improve their efficiency, reduce their costs, and create new opportunities for growth.

Here are some specific examples of how technology can be used to improve export and import:

 Tracking and tracing: Technology can be used to track and trace shipments in real time This information can be used to make decisions about transportation and inventory, as well as to provide customers with updates on the status of their orders.

 Automated systems: Technology can be used to automate tasks such as customs clearance and documentation This can free up employees to focus on other tasks, and can help to reduce errors.

 Real-time data: Technology can be used to collect and analyze real-time data about the logistics process This data can be used to make decisions about transportation, inventory, and pricing.

 Online marketplaces: Technology can be used to create online marketplaces where businesses can connect with customers and suppliers around the world. This can help businesses to reach new markets and to grow their business.

By using technology, logistic companies can improve their efficiency, reduce their costs, and create new opportunities for growth This can help them to succeed in the competitive and ever-changing world of international trade.

Technology has a big influence on textile garment exports Technological advancements have lower in the creation of new materials, manufacturing methods, and machinery that can assist to boost efficiency and production costs Computer- aided design (CAD) software, for example, may assist designers in swiftly and correctly creating and modifying designs, while automated cutting equipment can help to decrease waste and enhance precision Furthermore, technology may aid in supply chain management by helping firms to track inventory, shipments, and delivery more effectively This can aid in reducing lead times and increasing customer satisfaction. Overall, technological advancements may assist textile garment producers in being more competitive in the global market by increasing efficiency, lowering prices, and enhancing quality Research by Tong Thi Anh Ngoc (2019), and Yoganandan.G and Jaganathan AT (2013) have shown that Technology has an influence on textile exports So, the proposed hypothesis is:

H 3 : Technology has a positive impact on textile exports

Technology has significant the import of textile garments in multiple ways Some of the crucial effects of technology on textile garment imports are: a Enhancing global trade: Modern technologies have made it easier for manufacturers to connect with global buyers, resulting in increased global trade. E-commerce platforms, IoT, and social media channels have linked sellers and buyers, facilitating efficient transactions. b Improved production techniques: Technologies such as 3D printing, computer- aided design, and nano-textiles are changing the landscape of textile garment production, making it more efficient and flexible This has helped manufacturers to produce better quality garments quickly, resulting in increased production and thereby influencing the import scenario. c Automation in customs and regulations: The adoption of modern technology in customs and regulatory procedures has streamlined the process, making it easier for businesses to import textile garments Digitization and the implementation of platforms facilitate faster and more seamless trade, thus promoting imports. d Data Analytics: The use of data analytics has allowed businesses to better predict market trends, demands, and preferences This helps them decide on the types, styles, and quantities of garments to import, leading to more strategic decision-making. e Transportation and logistics: Advanced logistics systems and tracking technologies have made transportation more efficient and effective This has positively imported imports by reducing shipping costs and shortening delivery times for textile garments.

Based on the reasons mentioned above and through previous studies, it has been shown that technological factors have an impact on textile imports So, the proposed hypothesis is:

H 4 : Technology has a positive impact on textile imports

Capital is an important factor in export and import and can play a major role in the success of a logistic company's international trade policy Here are some of the ways in which capital can impact export and import and improve them:

Export affect international trade policy

Export is the sale of goods and services to another country It is an important part of international trade and can have a significant impact on a country's economy Exports can help to create jobs, boost economic growth, and improve a country's balance of trade Logistic companies play a vital role in international trade by transporting goods and services from one country to another They can help to make exports more efficient and cost-effective and can also help to ensure that goods arrive on time and in good condition Logistic companies can also help to promote exports by providing information and support to businesses that are looking to export their products They can also help businesses to identify new markets and to develop strategies for entering those markets Logistic companies can play a significant role in shaping a country's international trade policy By working with businesses and governments, they can help to create an environment that is conducive to exports They can also help to identify and address the challenges that businesses face when exporting.

Here are some specific examples of how logistic companies can help to promote exports:

 Provide information and support to businesses that are looking to export their products Logistic companies can provide businesses with information about the export process, as well as with support in areas such as documentation, shipping, and customs clearance.

 Help businesses to identify new markets and to develop strategies for entering those markets Logistic companies can help businesses to identify potential markets for their products, as well as to develop strategies for entering those markets.

 Work with governments to create an environment that is conducive to exports Logistic companies can work with governments to develop policies that support exports, such as providing tax breaks or subsidies for exporters.

By taking these steps, logistic companies can help to promote exports and to boost a country's economy Here are some of the benefits of exports for a logistic company:

 Increased sales: Exports can help to increase a logistic company's sales by opening up new markets.

 Increased profits: Exports can help to increase a logistic company's profits by providing access to higher-priced markets.

 Economies of scale: Exports can help to achieve economies of scale by increasing the volume of goods that are being transported.

 Risk diversification: Exports can help to diversify a logistic company's risk by reducing its reliance on a single market.

 Brand awareness: Exports can help to increase a logistic company's brand awareness by making its products and services available to a wider audience. Here are some of the challenges of exports for a logistic company:

 Competition: Exports can increase competition for a logistic company by making its products and services available to a wider range of competitors.

 Tariffs and other trade barriers: Exports can be subject to tariffs and other trade barriers, which can increase the cost of doing business.

 Currency fluctuations: Exports can be affected by currency fluctuations, which can make it difficult to predict profits.

 Logistical challenges: Exports can be challenging from a logistical perspective, as they require the coordination of a complex network of suppliers, shippers, and distributors.

 Cultural differences: Exports can be challenging from a cultural perspective, as they require the ability to understand and adapt to the different cultures of the countries with which a logistic company does business.

Despite the challenges, exports can be a valuable source of growth and profit for a logistic company By carefully managing the risks and challenges, logistic companies can reap the rewards of exporting Export is important in shaping a country's foreign trade policy Exports are an important component of a country's overall economic well-being, influencing trade balances and supporting economic growth Governments all around the world often adapt their international trade policies to boost exports, preserve a competitive advantage, and generate favorable economic circumstances The proposed research hypothesis:

H 9 : Export has a positive impact on international trade policy.

Import affects international trade policy

Imports are goods and services that are brought into a country from another country They are an important part of international trade and can have a significant impact on a country's economy Imports can help to lower prices, increase competition, and improve the quality of goods and services available to consumers. Logistic companies play a vital role in international trade by transporting goods and services from one country to another They can help to make imports more efficient and cost-effective and can also help to ensure that goods arrive on time and in good condition Logistic companies can also help to promote imports by providing information and support to businesses that are looking to import products They can also help businesses to identify new suppliers and to develop strategies for entering those markets Logistic companies can play a significant role in shaping a country's international trade policy By working with businesses and governments, they can help to create an environment that is conducive to imports They can also help to identify and address the challenges that businesses face when importing Here are some specific examples of how logistic companies can help to promote imports:

 Provide information and support to businesses that are looking to import their products Logistic companies can provide businesses with information about the import process, as well as with support in areas such as documentation,shipping, and customs clearance.

 Help businesses to identify new suppliers and to develop strategies for entering those markets Logistic companies can help businesses to identify potential suppliers for their products, as well as to develop strategies for entering those markets.

 Work with governments to create an environment that is conducive to imports Logistic companies can work with governments to develop policies that support imports, such as providing tax breaks or subsidies for importers.

By taking these steps, logistic companies can help to promote imports and to boost a country's economy Here are some of the benefits of imports for a logistic company:

 Increased sales: Imports can help to increase a logistic company's sales by opening up new markets.

 Increased profits: Imports can help to increase a logistic company's profits by providing access to lower-priced markets.

 Economies of scale: Imports can help to achieve economies of scale by increasing the volume of goods that are being transported.

 Risk diversification: Imports can help to diversify a logistic company's risk by reducing its reliance on a single market.

 Brand awareness: Imports can help to increase a logistic company's brand awareness by making its products and services available to a wider audience. Here are some of the challenges of imports for a logistic company:

 Competition: Imports can increase competition for a logistic company by making its products and services available to a wider range of competitors.

 Tariffs and other trade barriers: Imports can be subject to tariffs and other trade barriers, which can increase the cost of doing business.

 Currency fluctuations: Imports can be affected by currency fluctuations, which can make it difficult to predict profits.

 Logistical challenges: Imports can be challenging from a logistical perspective, as they require the coordination of a complex network of suppliers, shippers, and distributors.

 Cultural differences: Imports can be challenging from a cultural perspective, as they require the ability to understand and adapt to the different cultures of the countries with which a logistic company does business.

Despite the challenges, imports can be a valuable source of growth and profit for a logistic company By carefully managing the risks and challenges, logistic companies can reap the rewards of importing In addition to the above, imports can also help to promote innovation By importing new products and services, businesses can gain access to new technologies and ideas This can help businesses to develop new products and services, and to improve their existing products and services. Imports can also help businesses to improve their efficiency and productivity By importing new equipment and machinery, businesses can automate tasks and reduce costs Overall, imports can be a valuable source of growth and profit for a logistic company By carefully managing the risks and challenges, logistic companies can reap the rewards of importing.

Import plays an important part in international trade policy since it has a direct impact on a country's trade balance, economic development, and job creation. a Trade barriers: Import can lead to countries implement trade barriers such as tariffs, quotas, and embargoes to protect domestic industries, reduce import demand, and favor exports. b Protectionism: Countries may become protectionist in trade when imports threaten the livelihood of local manufacturers or farmer's products This policy trend can lead to a backlash in trade and political relations. c Globalization: Globalization and technological advancements have increased global competition, and importation helps in facilitating access to new markets,improving product quality, and drive price competition. d Negotiation of trade agreements: Import consumption motivates countries to join regional trade agreements and make trade deals that promote fair trade policies that increase trade exposure and economic integration.

Overall, importation contributes to a stable international trade system where countries can work together to create mutual benefits and growth opportunities The proposed research hypothesis:

H 10 : Import has a positive impact on international trade policy.

Research model proposed by the author

From the theoretical basis of research models on factors affecting the import and export of enterprises and related models at domestics and abroad of the authors many years ago And research models on Variables affecting the import and export of the authors over the years at domestics and oversea The author created the suggested model and modified a few variables.

Building the ladder for research

The scale I give in the research is the one that has been recognized and used in the world However, in the context of Vietnam in general as well as in Da Nang City in particular, these scales also need to be considered to adjust and supplement accordingly In the research, I used the nominal scale, the hierarchical scale to collect information about employees at March 29 Textile Garment Join Stock Company

The author have collected employee information at March 29 Textile Garment Join Stock Company such as: Position held, Education, Work experience, gender, Age.

STT FACTORS INDICATORS ENCODE SCALE

1 Position held Managing Director PH1 Nominal scale

2 Education Diploma or below ED1

Master Degree or above ED3

Below 5 years WE1 Nominal scale

4 Gender Male GD1 Nominal scale

Source: Author Analysis using the information from respondents

After studying and referring to research models on factors affecting textile and garment import and export of domestic and foreign research groups, I will conduct a model study of factors affecting export and import of textiles Textile import: The workfore, Technology, capital, Exchange rate International Trade Policy The scale used in this study is a Likert scale as follows:

Disagree Disagree No opinion Agree Strongly

4.7.3.1 Factors affecting Import textiles garment of the sector

Factors affecting the export of textiles SD D N A SA Total Workforce factors affect to import textile garment

Abundant human resources help develop textile garment exports

Qualified human resources help develop textile garment exports

Technology factors affect to import garment

Modern technology helps helps develop textile garment imports

Green and sustainable production technology helps develop textile exports

Capital factors affect to import textile garment

Large capital is an encouraging factor for Export textile garment.

Stable investment capital helps export textile garment development

Exchange rates factors effect import textile garment

Exchange rates fluctuations affect textile garment exports

Falling exchange rate promotes export textile garment growth

Table 4.7.3.1 Factors affecting Import textiles garment of the sector

4.7.3.2 Factors affecting Export textiles garment of the sector

Factors affecting the export of textiles SD D N A SA Total Workforce factors affect to import textile garment

Abundant human resources help develop textile garment exports

Qualified human resources help develop textile garment exports

Technology factors affect to import garment

Modern technology helps helps develop textile garment imports

Green and sustainable production technology helps develop textile exports

Capital factors affect to import textile garment

Large capital is an encouraging factor for Export textile garment.

Stable investment capital helps export textile garment development

Exchange rates factors effect import textile garment

Exchange rates fluctuations affect textile garment exports

Falling exchange rate promotes export textile garment growth

Table 4.7.3.2 Factors affecting Export textiles garment of the sector

4.7.3.3 Export factors affect international trade policy

Export factors affect international trade policy SD D N A SA Total

Do you think Exporting affects international trade policy?

Do the frequency and volume of exports influence international trade policy?

Do exports have a positive impact on international trade policy?

Do export-related measures affect international trade policy?

Ability of measuring the effects of exports on international trade policy help make international trade policies more effective?

Table 4.7.3.3 Export factors affect international trade policy

4.8.3.4 Import factors affect international trade policy

Import factors affect international trade policy SD D N A SA Total

Do you think importing affects international trade policy?

In your opinion, do imports have a positive impact on

Does a country's level of imports affect international trade policy?

Do export-related measures affect international trade policy?

Ability of measuring the effects of exports on international trade policy help make international trade policies more effective?

Table 4.7.3.4 Import factors affect international trade policy

Research analysis

The survey's questions were designed to be answered completely The results of the study, which were gathered through 232 samples (Male 47%, 109; Female 53%,

123) The most common demographic that participated in the study was individuals aged 21 to 30 (48%, 111), 31 to 40 (32%, 74), 41 to 50 (12%, 28), 51 to 60 (8%, 19). (The initial pool of items was developed based on the concept of the study and the qualitative study However, before the final dimensions of the study could be calculated, further data analysis was conducted Scale purification was performed to get a structure of the fit item A reliability test and principal component analysis were also performed to get a better understanding of the item's characteristics A factor analysis was performed using Bartlett’s sphericity test, which indicates that the factor loading on each item should be greater than that of 0.6 (Hair, 2010) The excluded items were those with cross-loading and ambiguities The export and import dimensions were named based on the items' measurements The reliability of the scale was evaluated using Cronbach's coefficient exceeding 0.7 (Hair, 2010) Table 4.8.1.1 and 4.8.1.2 represent Factor loading for export and import dimensions.

Factors Item Details Factor Cronbach loading Alpha Export E1 Do you think exporting affects international trade policy?

E2 Do the frequency and volume of exports influence international trade policy?

E3 Do exports have a positive impact on international trade policy?

E4 Do export-related measures affect international trade policy?

E5 Can measuring the effects of exports on international trade policy help make international trade policies more effective?

Import I1 In your opinion, do imports have a positive impact on

I2 Does a country's level of imports affect international trade policy?

I3 Do imports have a positive impact on international trade policy?

I4 Do import-related measures affect international trade policy?

I5 Can measuring the effects of exports on international trade policy help make international trade policies more effective?

Table 4.8.1.1 Factor loading for export and import dimensions.

Workforce W1 (Wagner, 2012), (Leung et al.,

Capital C1 (Shahbaz et al., 2019), (Xu,

Exchange Rate EX1 (Eichengreen & Gupta, 2013),

International policy IT1 (Xanthos & Walker, 2017)

The study utilizes the use of cross-validation tools, such as IBM SPSS 22 and AMOS 22 The latter was utilized to analyze the structural and measurement models as shown in table 4.8.2.1, while the former was used to provide descriptive statistics as described above Furthermore, researchers here evaluated the validity and reliability of the questionnaire and the hypothetical models of the research.

Model Fit Criteria Measurement model Suggested scope

Goodness of fit index (GFI) 0.876 ≥0.8

Adjusted goodness of fit index

Root mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) 0.071 ≤0.08

The goal of the measurement model is to determine the validity and reliability of the data A study with six indices was utilized to analyze the fit of the overall framework The original model's reliability and fit were low, necessitating the modification of the model The fit indices of the modified version are shown in table 4.9.2.2 The reliability of the items and dimensions of the modified model was analyzed The factor loading and Cronbach's were then used to measure the degree to which the items and dimensions were reliable The factor loadings of variables and indices should be higher than 0.7 (Hair, 2007) The convergence validity of these two factors was then tested by using composite reliability and average variance analyses. The former's value should be greater than 0.7, while the latter should be over 0.5. Factors with values greater than 0.5 are generally considered important for practical significance

Dimension Item Factor loading Cronbach’s α CR AVE

Table 4.8.2.2 Reliability and validity of Dimension items

A construct's discriminant validity as shown in table 4.8.2.3 is different from other constructs when it comes to practical significance This concept should be evaluated using the square root of the various constructs' average values The researcher noted that the correlation between the various constructs' average values was high and also found that the cross-loading value of the various indicators was smaller than that of the constructs.

The variance explanation and the path coefficient are presented in the structural model The results of the study, which are summarized in Figure 4.9.3 and table

4.9.3.1, show that the all the hypothesis exhibited positive relationships The variance explained by the various factors was 33% and 51% for import and export For international trade policy, the R2 was 25% Norm development is the final step in the process of establishing a nomological validity of the constructs It involves validating a well-established relationship between the various constructs and the measured construct The objective of this study is to confirm the relationship between workforce, technology, capital, exchange rate with export and import which ultimately affects international trade policy

Table 4.8.3.1 Model fit for different constructs.

The results of this study suggest that the quality of technology and workforce can positively affect the export and import which ultimately affect international trade policy This is consistent with other studies The main reason for this conclusion is that the quality of workforce and technology make logistics feel more confident about international trade policy In recent years, the importance of international trade policy is being highlighted in terms of exchange rate and capital However, international trade policy of different countries has also become a growing concern for logistics companies One way to combat this issue is through the provision of high-quality workforce services for logistics organization Access to reliable and accurate workforce is essential for companies to make informed decisions about their export and import This is why organizations must ensure the provision of trustworthy and high-quality workforce When it comes to export and import, workforce can have serious consequences For example, the false belief on different news and employee relation has led to decreased role in some areas, resulting in outbreaks of unresponsive behaviour On the other hand, clear and accurate workforce about export and import can improve companies trust and affect positively the international trade relation. Technology plays a critical role in ensuring the quality of workforce available to logistic services Capital and exchange rate can provide accessory role to workforce about ensuring good export and import services, as well as address export and import concerns

During emergencies, workforce services have been instrumental in providing the good export and import services This has been crucial in promoting international trade policy When logistics companies have access to high-quality workforce services, they are more likely to make informed decisions about their export and import This is particularly true for trade policy Studies have shown that providing accurate workforce about export and import can increase capital and exchange rates will help international trade policy Moreover, logistics companies who receive accurate workforce are more likely to feel confident in their decision to act well in export and import This can lead to a sense of empowerment and control over trade policy, which can have positive effects on overall well-being of the country In conclusion, workforce play a crucial role in promoting technology through the provision of capital and exchange rate about policy By addressing concerns and providing accurate workforce, these services can increase export and import As we continue to navigate the COVID-19 pandemic, it is more important than ever to prioritize the quality of workforce available to the logistics companies Understanding both export and import is crucial in developing effective workforce and technology strategies for companies.

By tailoring workforce to logistics companies ‘preferred methods of receiving workforce and addressing their emotional concerns, individuals may be more likely to feel comfortable and confident in adopting new technologies The findings suggest that both export and import along with technology, exchange rate, and capital affect trade policy workforce processing in the people who goes for increasing logistics activities.

It is important to note that export and import always affect international trade policy. Logistics companies may have unique preferences for how they receive workforce and what workforce they need to feel confident in technology As such, it is important to gather feedback from workforce sharing strategies accordingly In conclusion, export and import are two important factors that can impact international trade policy By understanding these factors and developing workforce to meet companies' needs, we can work towards increasing export and import.

4.8.5 Implication of workforce on International Trade Policy

The workforce has a significant impact on international trade policy through export and import When a country has a skilled and productive workforce, it is more likely to be able to export goods and services to other countries This can lead to increased economic growth and prosperity for the country.

On the other hand, when a country has an unskilled or unproductive workforce, it is more likely to import goods and services from other countries This can lead to job losses and economic decline for the country.

In addition, the workforce can also affect the terms of trade between countries. When a country has a skilled and productive workforce, it is in a better position to negotiate favorable trade deals with other countries This can lead to lower prices for imports and higher prices for exports, which can benefit the country's economy.

Overall, the workforce has a significant impact on international trade policy through export and import By investing in education and training, countries can improve the skills and productivity of their workforces, which can lead to increased economic growth and prosperity.

Here are some specific examples of how the workforce can impact international trade policy:

•A country with a skilled workforce may be able to export high-tech goods and services, such as computers and pharmaceuticals This can lead to increased economic growth and prosperity for the country.

•A country with an unskilled workforce may be more likely to import low-skilled goods and services, such as textiles and food This can lead to job losses and economic decline for the country.

RECOMMENDATIONS, CONCLUSION

Recommendations

Through the process of running IBM SPSS 22 and AMOS 22 analyzing in previous chapters, the author has identified that technology and workforce can positively affect the export and import which ultimately affect international trade policy These independent variables include technology and workforce affect the dependent variable Therefore, In order to achieve sustainable development in the textile and garment export-import industry, March 29 Textile Garment Join Stock Company need to focus on developing human resources and technology The author has forwarded the following recommendations:

Firstly, in the world, the trend of green industry development focuses on two main goals: limiting emissions of CO2, and toxic chemicals from industrial parks and export processing zones to the environment; at the same time, researching and developing new and clean energy sources into industrial production such as wind energy, solar energy, bio-energy, new and environmentally friendly machinery Textile and garment manufacturing and trading enterprises are highly appreciated and have a more competitive advantage in the global market when they are considered green enterprises with green factories, green industrial parks, and high-quality processes. Green production, low energy consumption and resource saving, emission reduction, environmental friendliness, good working conditions, and welfare system for employees, application of new, clean technologies, automation and use of natural energy sources (sun, wind, water ), natural ventilation, recyclable materials, collection, and good waste treatment system to help control Therefore, the company needs to research and invest in developing greening technology, here are some recommendations:

 Investment in research and development of green technology: Enterprises need to invest in research and development of green technologies, which help to reduce environmental pollution and save energy in the production process.

 Implementation of revolutionary, ecologically beneficial technologies: To minimize the impact on the environment, enterprises should use advanced and environmentally friendly production technologies, such as energy saving and quantity reduction technologies water consumption and limit the use of harmful chemicals.

 Cooperation with organizations and businesses with experience in the field of green technology: Enterprises should cooperate with organizations and enterprises with experience in the field of green technology to learn and apply solutions efficient in production.

 Training and raising awareness about Green technology: To develop green technology, businesses need to train and raise awareness for officials and employees about the importance of applying green technology in products. output, as well as solutions for doing this.

 Preferential and supportive policies: Enterprises need to propose preferential policies and support from the government and related organizations to develop green technology in the textile import and export industry, including financial support key, technical training and technology transfer.

 Actively participate in environmental programs and initiatives: Enterprises should actively participate in environmental programs and initiatives, in order to share experiences and learn from other businesses in this field.

Second, Apply digitalization and automation technology: The company needs to apply digitization and automation technology to the production process, from production management to product completion, to increase productivity labor and reduce production costs.

Third, Improve production processes: The company should improve production processes to make the most of existing technology, help improve product quality and save raw materials.

Finally, Actively participate in technology fairs and exhibitions: The company should participate in technology fairs and exhibitions related to the textile industry to update information, trends and the latest technologies in textile manufacturing sector.

Human resource development is an important factor in the success of a textile import-export company Here are some recommendations and solutions to develop human resources for the company:

 Enterprises need continuous training and development of the company's existing human resources to meet the new skills needed for the textile and garment industry such as skills in design, product development, and new skills in the industry the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0.

 Developing an attractive recruitment policy: The company needs an attractive recruitment policy to attract talented candidates and meet the human resource needs This includes offering competitive salaries, benefits, and advancement opportunities.

 Training and developing employee skills: The company needs to invest in training and developing the skills of its employees, helping them improve their working capacity and meet the increasing requirements of the job This may include the organization of courses, training, workshops, and seminars related to the textile industry.

 Promote a positive working environment: The company needs to create a positive working environment, and good corporate culture, help employees stick around for a long time, and maximize their capabilities.

 Encourage creativity and innovation: The company should encourage creativity and innovation from employees, by providing opportunities for them to participate in innovation, research, and development projects.

 Cooperation with universities and research institutes: The company should cooperate with domestic and foreign universities and research institutes, to attract talented students and researchers to participate in the company's activities the company, and at the same time support to train high-quality human resources for the textile industry.

 Taking advantage of seasonal labor resources: The company can take advantage of seasonal labor resources to meet human resource needs during peak production times, helping to reduce labor costs and increase production efficiency.

Conclusion

In this research paper, The author has analyzed the factors affecting the textile export and import of March Textile Garment Join Stock company The author has used various methods such as data collection, statistical analysis, and case studies to examine the impact of these factors on the company’s export and import performance.Some of the main factors identified are Workforce, technology, capital, and exchange rate And the author has found that the quality of technology and workforce has a positive impact on the company’s export and import activities which ultimately affect international trade policy, depending on the situation and context Therefore, we suggest that the company should carry on investment in automation technology and sustainable green technology And also recommend that the company should improve the quality of human resources through reasonable recruitment policies, and improve the quality of human resource training As well as offer good welfare policies to create favorable working conditions for the workforce.

Limitation of the thesis

There are a few limitations of this thesis that can be improved in further research:

Firstly, Due to time and resource constraints, the study may be limited to a small sample size, which may not be representative of the entire situation’s export and import textile garment. This can lead to selection bias, as the participants may not accurately represent the population of exporters and importers in the textile garment sector.

Secondly, The study may be limited by the research methods employed, such as the use of surveys or interviews, which can be subject to participant bias, misinterpretation, or inaccuracies Additionally, the use of qualitative or quantitative methods may not fully capture the complexity of the relationship between identity factors and textile garment exports and imports.

Finally, The analysis of identity factors affecting textile garment exports and imports may be influenced by the subjective opinions and interpretations of the researchers This can lead to potential bias in the findings and may limit the study's objectivity.

The study concentrated solely on four elements impacting textile import and export: Technology, Workforce, capital, and currency rates Textile import and export may be influenced by a variety of other variables such as global and regional economic features, textile product quality requirements, and so on Further research should be conducted to incorporate these aspects so that the model may be more thoroughly described in terms of the factors influencing textile garment import and export.

QUESTION LIST SURVEY TABLE OF RESEARCH INFORMATION ABOUT THE FACTORS AFFECTING WAREHOUSE INVENTORY & ORDER PURCHASE

MANAGEMENT AT GO! SUPERMARKET DANANG

I am a student at the Faculty of Economics and Finance at Duy Tan University. Currently, I am conducting a thesis on the research project "An exporatory study of factors toward export and import of March 29 Textile Garment Join Stock Company" This survey will provide me with the information I need for this research I would very much like you to take a moment to help us complete this research.

Question 1: What is your working department?

Question 2: What is your age?

Question 3: What is your gender?

Question 4: Could you please tell us about your work experience?

Question 5: Could you please tell us about your education level?

Question 6: Below are survey information about factors affecting inventory management & purchasing of employees at GO! Da Nang would like to indicate your

AGREEMENT level by marking “X” in the appropriate box according to convention:

Disagree No opinion Agree Strongly

1 Abundant human resources help develop textile garment imports

2 Qualified human resources to help develop textile garment imports

3 Abundant human resources help develop textile garment exports

4 Qualified human resources help develop textile garment exports

1 Modern technology helps develop textile garment imports

2 Green and sustainable production technology helps develop textile imports

3 Modern technology helps helps develop textile garment imports

4 Green and sustainable production technology helps develop textile exports

1 Large capital is an encouraging factor for import.

2 Stable investment capital helps to develop import

3 Large capital is an encouraging factor for Export textile garment.

4 Stable investment capital helps export textile garment development

1 Exchange rates fluctuations affect textile imports

2 Falling exchange rate promotes import growth

3 Exchange rates fluctuations affect textile garment exports

4 Falling exchange rate promotes export textile garment growth

V Export factors affect international trade policy

1 Do you think exporting affects international trade policy?

2 Do the frequency and volume of exports influence international trade policy?

3 Do exports have a positive impact on international trade policy?

4 Do export-related measures affect international trade policy?

5 Ability of measuring the effects of exports on international trade policy help make international trade policies more effective?

VI Import factors affect international trade policy

Do you think exporting affects international trade policy?

2 In your opinion, do imports have a positive impact on

3 Does a country's level of imports affect international trade policy?

4 Do export-related measures affect international trade policy?

5 Ability of measuring the effects of exports on international trade policy help make international trade policies more effective?

Thank you very much for taking the time to answer this survey!

REFERENC

Acharya, R N., & Keller, W (2009) Technology transfer through imports Canadian

Journal of Economics, 42(4), 1411–1448 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-

Amiti, M., Itskhoki, O., & Konings, J (2014) Importers, Exporters, and Exchange

Rate Disconnect The American Economic Review, 104(7), 1942–1978. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.7.1942 and garment to EU countries

Annual Report of Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company March 29, 2020, 2021, 2022

Baier, S L., & Bergstrand, J H (2007) Do free trade agreements actually increase members’ international trade? Econstor (Econstor), 71(1), 72–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2006.02.005

Bustos, P (2011) Trade Liberalization, Exports, and Technology Upgrading:

Evidence on the Impact of MERCOSUR on Argentinian Firms The American

Economic Review, 101(1), 304–340 https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.1.304

Consolidated financial statements of Textile and Garment Joint Stock Company March

29, 2020, 2021, 2022 Link:https://www.vietnam-briefing.com/news/introduction- vietnams-export-import-industries.html/( n.d.) Retrieved from CafeF: https://s.cafef.vn/upcom/HCB-cong-ty-co-phan-det-may-293.chn

Eichengreen, B., & Gupta, P (2013) The Real Exchange Rate and Export Growth:

Are Services Different? In The World Bank eBooks. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6629

Faizal Irvansyah1*, H S (2017) The Determinants of Indonesian Textile and

Clothing Export to the Five Countries of Export Destination

Hair, J F (2010) Multivariate data analysis : a global perspective In Pearson eBooks.

Pearson plc https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BB03463866

Leung, S C H., Tsang, S T K., Ng, W., & Wu, Y (2007) A robust optimization model for multi-site production planning problem in an uncertain environment.

European Journal of Operational Research, 181(1), 224–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2006.06.011

Mah, T N (March 18,2022.) An introduction to Vietnam’s Import and Export

Ngoc, T T (2019) Factors Affecting Textile and Garment Exports from Vietnam the

Journal of Economics and Business Research in 2019.

Phuong, L H (2021) Analyzing factor affects the export efficiency of Vietnam's textile

Shahbaz, M., Gozgor, G., & Hammoudeh, S (2019) Human capital and export diversification as new determinants of energy demand in the United States.

Energy Economics, 78, 335–349 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.11.016

Wagner, J (2012) Average wage, qualification of the workforce and export performance in German enterprises: evidence from KombiFiD data Journal for

Labour Market Research, 45(2), 161–170 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12651-012-

Whitley, E., & Ball, J (2002) Statistics review 4: sample size calculations Critical care, 6, 1-7.

Wijekoon H M S D, P H (2020) The Study of Factors Affecting Textile and

Apparel Exports in Sri Lanka

Xanthos, D., & Walker, T R (2017) International policies to reduce plastic marine pollution from single-use plastics (plastic bags and microbeads): A review.

Marine Pollution Bulletin, 118(1–2), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.02.048

Xu, J (2012) Profitability and capital structure: Evidence from import penetration.

Journal of Financial Economics, 106(2), 427–446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2012.05.015

Yamaguchi, K (2008) International trade and air cargo: Analysis of US export and air transport policy Transportation Research Part E-logistics and Transportation

Review, 44(4), 653–663 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2007.05.006