C a m b r id g e ^Discovery EDUCATI ON S T U D E N T 'S B O O K BE C U R IO U S Ben G o ld stein & C e ri Jo n es with Em m a H eyderm an Ey e sO pen Ben G o ld stein & C e ri Jo n es with Em m a H eyderm an C a m b r id g e U N IV E R SIT Y PRESS ^Discover EDUCATION Pizza problems p55 Learning to share p58 Mobile phones p60 BE CUFflOUS Who's real? p120 What can you see in the photo? ' Start thinking Vocabulary Unit aims • Computer words • Technology verbs + prepositions • Suffixes -ful and -less • Phrasal verbs I can • talk about computers and technology • make predictions about the future • understand information about what the future will be like • talk about what will happen if I something • ask for and give instructions • write an opinion essay Language focus • will/won't, may/might • First conditional Will w e live in cities like these Vocabulary Computer words Q m m M atch the pictures w ith the w o rd s in the box Then listen check and repeat Choose the correct w ords You can write an email with a mouse / a keyboard W rite answ ers to the questions You can save your work on a memory stick / a printer How often you use a computer? What you use it for? A microchip / a tablet has usually got a touchscreen Which things in Exercise you use at home? What you use them for? You can carry a smartphone / a laptop easily in one hand Which things in Exercise you use at school? What you use them for? A touchscreen computer doesn't need a mouse / a microchip People often take their printer / laptop on holiday ф Ask and an sw er the questions in Exercise w ith a partner Listen and make notes Vocabulary bank • page 112 53 PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE Sixty-five years ago, scientists called the first computer 'Baby' But it was huge It needed a whole room to itself! A team of people wrote three Maths problems and then waited 52 minutes for Baby to find the answer to just one of them At the time, this was amazing Com puters are n o w both m uch sm aller, don't fo rget you r sm artphone is a mini com puter, and also more powerful T here is more p o w er in a sm artphone than in all the com p uters on Apollo 11, the first s p a c e c ft on the moon! W h a t's m ore, w ith n e w to u c h sc re e n tech nolog y, soon w e w o n 't need extra things like a keyboard or a mouse So, h o w w ill com p uters c h an g e in the fu tu re? A com puter's 'b rain ' is in its chip and in the future scien tists w ill be able to s a ve much more inform ation on this So, com p uters w ill be sm aller and even more pow erful and th ey m ay even think like hum ans In the future, w e m ay not need to tell com p uters w h a t to b e c a u se th ey might d ecid e fo rth e m s e lv e s ^ Need a new hip, knee or face? Doctors can now use 3D printers to make some parts o f the body FACT! Reading A magazine article Look a t the photos H o w w a s the first com puter different from modern com puters? Q ) t£ H i Read the article and check yo u r ideas to Exercise 1 Jennifer Lawrence is a very good actor and she's beautiful (beauty) Read the text again Choose the correct answers W e never use that old computer, it's slow and Com plete the sentences w ith the correct adjective form (-ful or -less) o f the noun in brackets The first computer was a very small b very big I love my touchscreen laptop (wonder) It's I fell over and hurt my knee yesterday It's very now (pain) c a baby Baby found the answer to in 52 minutes a c three Maths problems one Maths problem b an exam question My brother makes a lot of mistakes He's very The computers on Apollo 11 were a smartphone a c more powerful than as powerful as a c keyboards touchscreens 54 ф (care) (hope) Vocabulary bank • page 112 b smartphones plore suffixes -ful and -less I think I'll pass the test I'm b less powerful than In the next few years we won't need (use) Look a t the article again W h a t w e add to the noun pow er to m ake an ad jective? W h a t you think w e add to m ake th e negative fo rm ? Y o u r tu rn W rite d o w n three things yo u 'd like yo u r com puter to in the future I’d like m y com puter to clean m y room Compare y o u r lists from Exercise W o rk w ith a partner W h o has the best idea? т Language focus п will/won't, may/might Com plete the exam ples from the text on page 54 sl H ■ ф Computers ,, be smaller They even think like humans They decide for themselves W h ich o f the predictions in Exercise are true n o w ? W rite sentences ab o u t the y e a r 2040 w ith will, won't, may, might Use y o u r opinion We need extra things like a keyboard We need to tell computers what to We might not need a mouse W e / have Wi-Fi connections in our clothes How computers change in the future? Will computers be more powerful? Cars / need a human driver We won’t have Wi-Fi connections in our ciothes We’ll have them on our heads! People / live to be 120 years old Robots / cook our meals There / be pens and pencils Grammar reference • page 104 W e / use our mobiles to turn on everything I / work in an office I / work at home W h ich tw o w o rd s can you use w h e n yo u are sure ab ou t the fu tu re? [ will ф won't may There / be shops and town centres Yo u r t ur n might Say it right! • page 96 w ith the things in th e box or use yo ur o w n ideas © Getitright!l After will or won't, we use the infinitive without to I will see Andy ✓ I will to see Andy / M ak e predictions ab o u t yo u r future w ith will, won't, may or might W rite sentences your friends your town your studies your job your family your house In 1900, an Am erican en g in eer m ade these predictions ab o u t th e w o rld C om plete th e sentences w ith will or won't and th e verbs in th e box I ’ll go to university t o s tu d y Medicine and then I m ight work a s a doctor W o rk w ith a partner Compare yo u r sentences from Exercise Choose the three best predictions and tell the class We'll have the same friends as now but we may also make some new friends ^ send call not wait People , will send the world Americans live not cook be eat buy photos to their friends all over cm taller A husband at work in Chicago New York Learn ab o u t h o w to use tech n o lo g y to get a ta k e a w a y pizza How they it? • What's good and bad about their idea? • Can you think of a better idea? his wife at home in W e o u r own meals W e them in shops Between 300 and 500 million people in the USA W e until summer to eat tomatoes W e them in the winter too 55 Listening An interview Look at th e photo W h a t you think it is? Q ) E E Listen to Ju d y in terview in g Paul Check yo u r ideas to Exercise О H S Listen again M ark the sentences true (T) or false (F) Correct the false sentences Judy thinks it's very small for a computer This computer has got a big screen The computer is expensive and difficult to use Pupils in the UK are using this computer in their lessons 'Code' is what people use to program computers Paul made a music program yesterday with the computer Vocabulary Technology verbs + prepositions О И В M atch th e pictures w ith the actions Then listen, check and repeat Scroll down the webpage Sign into your account Turn on the laptop Click on the icon Turn up the volume Shut down the computer Turn down the volume Log onto your computer Yo u r t ur n W rite sentences to tell yo u r partner h o w to W o rk w ith a partner Stu dent A: Tell your th e things b e lo w on a computer Use the vo cab ulary in Exercise watch a video read a blog listen to music write an email First, tu rn on th e laptop , then 56 partner h o w to th e things in Exercise Stu dent B: Listen and w rite d o w n the vo cab ulary from Exercise in th e order your partner says it Then swap ф Vocabulary bank • page 112 Language focus First conditional Com plete th e examples from th e listening on page 56 Then an sw er th e question below Q O S Com plete th e text in Exercise w ith th e correct form o f th e verbs in brackets Then listen and check action/situation result If we it on here, If you it in like this, you'll see it's a computer you w o n 't result action/situation so th e y are true fo r you I show you how the computer works if you've got time If I have a video channel one day, lll_post a funny video , ^ o u r turn Com plete th e first conditional sentences b e lo w If my favourite team wins the league, Questions How I it if it hasn't got a mouse? Do if and will go in the same part of the sentence? ф Grammar reference • page 104 If I don't go out this weekend, If I pass all my exams, If my phone breaks, If my parents give me somepocket money, If it rains all weekend, Choose th e correct words If my brother learns / will learn to write code, he gets / will get a job as a computer programmer If my parents get / will get a new computer, I don't buy / w on 't buy a tablet The TV doesn't w ork / w on 't w ork if you don't plug / w on't plug it in I buy / will buy a new mobile if I get / will get enough money for my birthday W ill w e watch / Do you watch a film if we finish / will finish early? If it rains / will rain all weekend, we go / will go to the cinema If you decide / will decide to play football, you call / will you call me? Look at th e picture and read th e text H o w w ill th e boy becom e fam ous? W o rk w ith a partner A sk and an sw er questions ab ou t yo u r sentences in Exercise W hat will you if you have a video channel one day? S / - - С I'll post funny videos W o rk w ith a partner M atch th e pictures w ith the w ords in th e box file sharing cassettes downloading CDs music streaming Order th e w a y s o f listening to music from oldest to new est Can you think o f an y other w a y s of listening to music? • Ф f b Look a t th e pictures and th e title o f the video W h a t you think Napster is? O l S'2 W atch the vid eo and check yo ur an sw er to Exercise Test yo u r memory Put events a-f in th e same order as th e video a (Your turn| W o rk in small groups A sk and an sw er the questions Record companies and musicians weren't happy, Do you think closing down Napster was a good decision? Why/Why not? b The lawyers stopped Napster but people continue to share files c Do you ever buy CDs, or you know anybody who buys them? People bought CDs and listened to them on CD players Do you download music? How often? From where? d Shawn Fanning wrote a computer program called Napster Do you share music with your friends? How you it? e Young people began to download music from the Internet f Napster became very popular and people stopped going to music shops O l 52 W atch the vid eo again and check yo ur answ ers to Exercise 58 records Do you listen to streamed music online? If so, how you this? W rite sentences ab o u t yo u r group's answ ers w ith some o f us, none o f us and all o f us None o f us buy CDs A ll o f us download music 5om e o f us share music w ith Reading plore phrasal verbs a blog Find get up and sit down in th e blog W h a t th e y m ean? Look a t th e map and th e photos W h e re does Riley Stanton live ? W h e re you think he goes to school? © E EE Read Riley's blog ab ou t life on a farm and check yo u r ideas to Exercise Read th e blog again A re the sentences 'R ig h t' (A ) or 'W ro n g ' (B)? If you cannot find the inform ation choose 'D o esn 't say' (C) Riley cleans the chicken house before breakfast A B C Riley lives near his school A B C Riley's teacher and classmates wait for him to come online A B C A B C Riley understands the Science lesson A B C Riley finishes his Maths homework before the class A B C Riley and his friends can look at the lesson again after class M atch the sentence beginnings w ith the sentence endings On a school day, I get a for my friends I go to my classroom and I sit b up at am I put c When I arrive at school, I take d on my shoes and then my coat off my coat When I get to school, I look e down at my desk Vocabulary bank • page 112 r Y o u rtur^ W o rk w ith a partner W rite d o w n the good and bad things ab ou t using technology fo r learning W o rk in small groups Com pare yo u r ideas and decide on the top three good and bad things ab ou t using technology fo r learning I CAN'T STUDY WITHOUT It's am I'm tired but it's time to get up After cleaning the chicken house, I have breakfast School starts at am but my school is in my house, in a room we call the 'study room' I can't go to school because it's 300 km away so I go to the School of the Air How does it work? Well, I sit down at my desk, turn on my laptop and wait for my teacher and my classmates to come online Today it's Science Our teacher uses the interactive whiteboard to explain some new ideas She saves her work on the computer and shares this with us on the website She then asks us some questions and we listen to everyone's answers At the end of the lesson, we have to a quiz on the website so she can see who doesn't understand This lesson is only half an hour but it'stiring I quite enjoy studying at home It's great to be near my family but I would like to meet my classmates When I finish school, I would like to go to Alice Springs and study at the college there, then go to university I want to be a pilot But first, I've got to finish my Maths homework before the lesson today! FACT! The School of the Air gives lessons to children in Australia who live in areas without schools When it first started in 1951, the pupils listened to their lessons over the radio Nowadays, they use the latest technology 59 S3 ■- - - • Vocabulary Bank ( \ ) Jog your memory! Cover th e rest of the page H o w m any accidents and injuries and parts of the body can you rem em ber? The body Accidents and injuries bang break burn crash cut on ice the dog your back your bike your car fall off hurt slip trap trip over your your your your finger hand head leg ankle elbow back knee 2 Check yo ur answ ers on page 75 Close your books Say a verb Your partner says the noun @ Explore expressions with get get get get get better dressed dark fit get get get get home injured married older get sick get worried W rite sentences w ith five o f the expressions Read a sentence to yo ur partner w ith o u t th e expression Can yo ur partner guess the expression? chest neck W h ich parts of th e body people most often ? cut? break? M atch one w ord from each box to make accident and injury expressions shoulder wrist hurt? bang? burn? Can you add some more parts o f the body to the list? @ Explore compound nouns charity workers fishing boat firewood forest floor wildlife Look at the w ords in the box W h ich o f the w ords means ? • wood that you use to make a fire • a boat that you use when you go fishing • people who work for a charity • the ground in the forest • the animals, birds and plants that live in an area Every morning, I have a shower and then I Is it 'get dressed'? firewood, Study tip Remember to look at the words in this Vocabulary bank again and to try to learn them If possible, work with a friend and test each other Student A reads a definition or an ^ example sentence without the word and Student В says the word 114 v o c a b u la ry B a n k forest floor Vocabulary Bank ( f ) Jog your mempry! Cover the rest of the page H o w m any free tim e activities and adjectives of feeling can you rem em ber? Adjectives of feeling Free time activities r draw pictures have a party meet friends play an instrument play computer games read books or magazines spend time with your family take photos use the Internet watch films afraid upset tired bored angry excited embarrassed surprised interested -J Look at th e w ords in the box W rite them in the correct column Look at the w ords in th e box W rite the w ords in order o f yo ur favou rite to your least favourite excited Compare yo ur list w ith yo ur partner Do you enjoy doing the same kinds o f things? Explore expressions r a rest a probldm a good time a shower a meal a party Choose one of the w ords but n 't tell yo ur partner M im e the w ord Can your partner guess w h a t w ords it is? @ Explore making nouns from verbs Look at these verbs W rite th e noun have a party W h ich verb goes w ith the w ords in the box? Add the follow ing w ords to the correct column meet friend play an instrument play joke read books sure housework a party a bed fun homework a favour a cake a swim a suggestion shopping make sure housework a p a rty S t U d y have t haying a p a r ty take photos use the Internet watch films M ake nouns from verbs and w rite true and false sentences fo r you I think m eeting friends is boring W o rk w ith a partner Guess w hich o f your partner's sentences are true and false i p â đ eXCited angry Try to use your new vocabulary as soon as you can This will help you to learn the new words and it will also help improve both your writing and speaking V o c a b u la ry B a n k 115 Maths P e rc e n ta g e s W o rk w ith a partner M atch the symbols in the table w ith th e w ords in the box The w ord 'per cent' co m es from Rom an tim es _ It co m es from the Latin w ords p e r «а— Я М йЙ c e n tu m o r out of 100' Before the Rom ans, the ancient Egyptians used a sim ilar system of num bers in tens But the num bers from to that w e use В з з и и г г г today com e from the an cien t A rab w orld, |5 S S S S S |3 ^ over ,0 0 years ago The A rab s also used fractio n s, for exam ple, !4 We use percentages to calcu la te how m uch a part of a w hole is A nd w hen w e say 'per cent', Ijj w e're really saying 'out of 100' П П п в !! minus divide plus percent equals multiply (by) / times name - + symbol X T % Q e s Read and listen to the text W hich sym bols from Exercise you use to calculate a percentage? When we calculate a percentage of something, first we need to know the total number of things, or 'the whole' The whole is 100% For example, there are 12 cakes on a table In this calculation, 12 is the whole and is 100% Read the text again and an sw er th e questions Where does the word 'per cent' come from? Who first used the numbers 0-9? OCyOFTHISBOXISnd fcJ/o|250UT0F 1001 Why we use percentages? What percentage is 'the whole' equal to? What is the whole in the example with cakes? What we multiply the fraction by to get the final percentage? Next, we need to know the number we want to change to a percentage For example,Tanya eats three of the cakes on the table so three is the number we want to change to a percentage W o rk w ith a partner Calculate the percentage of chocolates th at each person eats Use the text to help you The box has 60 chocolates Chocolates James 12 Susan Ahmed 15 20 Percentage of whole box i We put these two numbers into a fraction In our example, we need to calculate what percent three (number of cakesTanya ate) is of twelve (total number of cakes).The fraction is 3/12 ч-12 = 0.25 Finally, we multiply this number by 100 to make a percentage 0.25 x 100 = 25 So Tanya ate 25% of the cakes Find o ut ab o u t our num ber system О 116 * >7 Ч б (о в Я ^Discovery EDUCATION W h a t does Zero m ean? History The feudal system M atch the w ords in th e box w ith the pictures knight noble peasants king Q u a Read and listen to the text Complete the article w ith the people in Exercise Choose the correct answers The king gave his land to nobles to sell / to look after When a king died, his son / the noble inherited the fief Nobles helped the king in battles / find more land Knights were never / sometimes women Peasants were at the bottom / in the middle of the feudal system Peasants paid taxes to knights / nobles W o rk w ith a partner A n sw e r the questions What you think of the feudal system? Was it fair? Why?/Why not? Can you think of any famous knights from history? Would you like to live in the Middle Ages? Why?/Why not? THE FEUDAL SYSTEM In Europe in the Middle Ages - from 5thto 15th century - some people owned land and some people lived or worked on the land This system was called the feudal system It was a hierarchy because some people w ere at the top and some people w ere at the bottom T h e ' w as at th e to p o f th e fe u d a l system H e o w n e d to o m u ch la n d to lo o k afte r by h im se lf so h e d iv id e d it up, a n d g a v e s o m e o f it to p e o p le c a lle d 'n o b le s ' to rule fo r him T h e s e d iffe re n t a re a s o f la n d w e re c a lle d fiefs W h e n a king d ie d , his son b e c a m e th e o w n e r o f th e fiefs T h e lo o k e d a fte r th e king's land T h e y ru led la rg e fiefs T h e y p a id tax to th e king a n d s o m e tim e s h e lp e d him in w ars an d b a ttle s T h e s e p e o p le w e re less im p o rta n t th a n th e king in th e h ierarch y b u t v e ry im p o rta n t in th e lo cal co m m u n ity N o b le s u su ally e m p lo y e d to h e lp p ro te c t th e ir fiefs T h e y w e re o fte n h e ro e s b e c a u s e th e y w e re stro n g a n d b ve , e s p e c ia lly in b attle s T h e y alw ays h e lp e d th e king w h e n h e a s k e d th e m a n d p ro te c te d him M o s t o f th e m w e re m en , b u t s o m e w e re w o m e n A b o u t % o f p e o p le in th e M id d le A g e s w e r e T h e y w e re at th e b o tto m o f th e hierarchy T h e y d id n 't h av e lan d or m o n e y like th e o th e r m e m b e rs o f society T h e y w o rk e d o n th e land fo r th e n o b les, g ro w in g fo o d a n d lo o k in g after anim als T h e y p aid tax es to th e n o b le s an d w o rk e d all day Life w as very hard for th e s e p e o p le Find o u t ab ou t one o f th e first fem ale pilots «Discovery EDUCATION 2.4 A m elia Earhart, Famous flyer А ArtTof Comics Before an artist starts to draw, a com ic generally begins with a ‘plot’ The plot is the story of the com ic The com ic writer som etim es plans the plot on the Art Making a comic M atch the comic w ords w ith the definitions plot layout panel inking pencilling speech bubble a sketch lettering a the position of artwork on a page b shape containing a character's words с to write text in a speech bubble pag e and includes notes, basic sketch es and instructions on w hat happens in each panel or section for the artist to interpret A sтал b*j ictttoj i f ton A rru НЫГ* ЛМ1ЫГ hW ьплсыь -■ОУШ t v -ЛПШ sпек aAd rot Atrn.d to bO HIS IftoГЫ ьtth totjs ш tootto* if т mt tut to strprtst a t stmtthtoj Ht c a a t u t Thtynbothspttxmq C A t f M CAXTtoJ ГЫ tXKj re SAftfU Hi JVfS him on fhi tfOto14 CAtmtJI h*s А САГ-Ш ГАС* CIAHZ AAA IS mnctoAT Hith a Uf*rh*ro cosrvm* t o n b*js IMU h*fpj AAA wrq SVprlMd W h e n the writer finishes the plot, the artist pencils the story This is w hen the artist d o es a sketch, or a jim p le basic drawing, of e ach panel in pencil During pencilling, the artist decides the layout, position and style of the artwork After this, the artist then ‘inks’ the sketches In this p rocess the artist creates clear, ‘line art’ in pen It is still com m on for pencilling and inking by hand, not on computer d to draw something in pencil e to draw something in pen f a square or rectangular section of a comic g the story of a comic h a simple, basic drawing Next, the artist inserts the dialogue into the sp eech bubbles This is called ©HD Read and listen to the text and check yo ur ideas to Exercise Read the text again M ark the sentences true (7) or false ( F) Correct the false sentences A comic usually begins with the artwork The writer sometimes draws parts of the comic The artist inks the artwork before pencilling it Computers usually lettering The artist decides the position of speech bubbles The colourist colours the comic by hand W o rk w ith a partner Design yo ur o w n comic Follow the steps in the text 118 ‘lettering’ To this, the artist usually u ses a computer, but they must still plan by hand w here the text g o es on the page Finally, the artist ad d s colour to the final line art drawings In the past, the artist did this by hand, but these d ays they use com puters T he artist usually scan s hand-drawn inked pages, and sen d s them to a colourist T he colourist then uses a special com puter program m e to colour the images Art The B auhaus m o vem en t Look at the photos W h ich w ords in the box can you use to describe each building? modern old-fashioned practical comfortable functional attractive simple О H D Read and listen to the text W h ich building in Exercise you think is Bauhaus? uuQS on art school in UUeimar, G e rm a n y It a u h c iu s G e rm a n arch itect ULIalter G ro p iu s s ta rte d th e school in 1919 The B a u h a u s school trie d to com b in e form (th e s h a p e o f so m e th in g ) a n d function (hou j uue u se so m e th in g ) in arch itectu re s o th a t b u ild in g s ш еге practical but a ls o sim p le B a u h a u s arch itects d id n 't like lots o f d e c o tio n on b u ilding s; th e y p referred fla t roofs, stra ig h t lin es a n d g eo m etric s h a p e s B e fo re B a u h a u s, a rch itects u s e d lots o f d iffe ren t s h a p e s a n d colours, a n d m a te ria ls like m arble, harduuoods a n d e v e n go ld for th e d e c o tio n s in th eir b u ilding s B a u h a u s u se d m e tal, g lass, s te e l or p la stic to m ak e th eir b u ilding s T ypical colours a r e uuhite, g re y a n d black The d e s ig n s for th e furniture in s id e B a u h a u s b u ild in g s a r e a ls o sim p le, a n d functional Read the text again M ark the sentences true (T) or false (F) Correct the false sentences The Bauhaus style began in a school in Germany W o rk w ith a partner A n sw e r the questions Bauhaus buildings are traditional and attractive The buildings used more basic materials than in the past You can only see the Bauhaus style in buildings and architecture O k e d Listen to th e second part gf the text about the Bauhaus school a n d choose the correct answers The Bauhaus school moved location twice / three times before it closed Can you think of any buildings with a similar style to Bauhaus in your town or city? Which buildings you like in your town or city? What are they made of? What you like about them? Former students of the school took their ideas to different parts of the world / Germany A building in an airport in Chicago / Houston is an example of Bauhaus architecture Josep Lluis Sert/Joan Miro designed the Casa Bloc in Barcelona ^ Find o u t ab o u t th e pyram ids in Egypt ^Discovery EDUCATION 4.4 The seventh w on der of the w orld ICT Supercomputers W o rk w ith a partner A n sw e r the questions What you think the difference is between a personal computer and a supercomputer? What you think people use supercomputers for? What the letters CPU mean? Q ns Read and listen to th e text and check yo ur ideas to Exercise Supercomputers Personal computers help us to communicate and organise our lives They help us to work and also to have fun But in science, the type of computer that we use every day isn’t powerful enough Scientists need more powerful computers to help them understand the world around us They use these ‘supercomputers’ to experiments that might be difficult or dangerous in the real world Supercomputers are huge and are much faster than personal computers Some of them can more than one quadrillion (1,000,000,000,000,000) calculations in a second Read the text again and an sw er the questions What scientists test with supercomputers? How many operations can a supercomputer per second? What makes a supercomputer powerful? Why are virtual physical worlds useful to scientists? A supercom puter can work so quickly because it has many CPUs The CPU, or Central Processing Unit is the brain of the computer It can process information very fast and accurately Scientists use this power to make virtual physical worlds th at help them with research How can supercomputers help aeroplane pilots? What will the 'ultimate supercomputer' do? W o rk w ith a partner H o w you think supercom puters can be useful in the fo llow in g areas? Every tim e you see the w eather forecast on TV, you are seeing the work of very powerful supercom puters Scientists use these com puters to tell us if it’s going to be sunny at the weekend, to show how aeroplanes can save fuel by flying with the wind, and also how the w eather is going to change in the future health education the environment As for the future, experts believe th at one day com puter scientists will build the ultim ate supercom puter th a t can think and act just like human brains Perhaps one day com puters really will rule the world! Find o u t ab o u t tw o men w h o look th e same * , ^ D is c o v e r y EDUCATION f ^ H M fV i b 5.4 W ho's R eal? Science Lifecycle of a plastic bag Look at the photos W hich you think people use to make plastic bags? water © E D Listen to the first part o f an in terview w ith an expert on plastic and check yo ur ideas to Exercise © B E D © Е Е » Listen to the second part of the in terview and choose the correct answers Recycling is part of the tw o / three 'Rs' Listen to the in terview again and com plete the diagram about making plastic bags We usually use plastic bags once / twice before we throw them away Each year 100,000 / million marine animals die because of plastic bags use make polyethylene recycle extract oil make plastic bag Most plastic bags are biodegradable / non-biodegradable It can take up to 1,000 / 100 years for a plastic bag to decompose W o rk w ith a partner A n sw e r the questions What alternatives are there to plastic bags? Can you think of any interesting ways to reuse plastic bags? What you to help the environment? L 'ч Г 'Щ % Find out ab out a green building .Ti «Discovery EDUCATION ^ 6.4 Go green! y jo m Science Foodborne illness Look at the pictures W h a t you k n o w ab o u t food poisoning? H ave you ever had it? G B bacteria Com plete the text w ith the w ords in th e box Then listen and check symptoms surface raw intestines spread headaches illness FOODBORNE ILLNESS Have you ever felt ill after you've eaten something? Yes? Then you've probably had food poisoning Food poisoning is an which you can get when you eat food that contains2 , viruses or parasites, which enter the stomach and .This is called a foodborne illness Common of foodborne illnesses are diarrhea, vom iting,5 and fever The two most common foodborne illnesses are Campylobacter and salmonella Both of these are bacterial foodborne illnesses and we sometimes find them in (uncooked) meat (especially chicken and turkey), milk, eggs and unclean water You can get food poisoning from food which has not been cooked properly or because of 'cross contamination'.This is when bacteria between different foods, surfaces or kitchen equipment For example, when you prepare raw chicken on a surface and don't clean it before using the s a m e for other food like salad or cooked meat Another danger is when you keep raw meat above other food in a fridge and liquid from the raw meat falls on to the food below Read th e tex t again M ark th e sentences true (7) or false (F) Correct the false sentences © EX3 Listen again and make notes on the four Cs in Exercise Bacteria is the only cause of foodborne illness Campylobacter and salmonella are viruses Uncooked meat can contain Campylobacter and salmonella Cross contamination is when bacteria pass from one food to another © E D Listen to a Food Technology teacher and put the fo ur Cs o f food safety in the order he talks ab out them cross-contamination cleaning cooking 122 chilling W o rk w ith a partner W h a t other w a y s can you think of fo r bacteria and infections to spread from person to person? Geography Functional zones M atch the photos w ith the different zones in a city in d u s tria l z o n e re s id e n tia l z o n e C B D (c e n t r a l b u sin e ss d is tric t) © E D Read and listen to the text and check yo ur ideas to Exercise Com plete the table w ith th e words in th e box sh o p s fa c t o r ie s s w im m in g p o o ls FUNCTIONAL o ffic e s warehouses parks skyscrapers banks schools I CBD _ industrial zone residential zone к hi ,i Fu n ctio n al zones in a city are the areas w h ere p eo p le go to d o particu lar things There are three m ain fu n ctio n al areas in a m o d em city: the C B D (central business district), the industrial zon e and the residential zone The C B D is often c a lle d the city centre It is usually W hich z o n e (s ) has got cheaper land? in the historic cen tre o f a city It has most of the has got more expensive land? shops and services, like banks, libraries, and also offices and the to w n hall There are also places for has got families? entertainm ent like theatres, cin em as and sw im m ing are out of the city centre? pools Land is expen sive in the C B D so there are is usually a bit ugly? often a lot of tall buildings like skyscrapers So m e historic cities d on 't h ave these m ore m odern buildings becau se th ey w an t the city to look traditional W o rk w ith a partner Can you name the functional zones in your nearest city? The industrial zo n e is w h e re the factories, w areh o u ses and industries are M a n y years ago, these zones w e re in the centre o f cities, but they m o ved out, p ro b ab ly b ecau se of the noise and p o llution This area is usually less attractive than the central areas W o rk e rs often travel here from w h e re they live, so these zones usually have good transport links for trains and cars to m o ve people, m aterials and products to and from the factories R esidential zones are often on the outside of a city The buildings are n e w e r and the land is ch e ap e r here so this is w h e re people, e sp e c ia lly fam ilies, live There are schools and m ore open spaces like parks, and there is less traffic and p o llu tio n than in other zones Find o u t ab o u t collecting w ater Project A sponsored event Look Look at th e poster ab o u t the ch arity day and an sw e r the questions What is the charity? Where is the charity day? What day is it? a t the Village Hall What time does it start? What sponsored events are there? Join the fun and help us reach our total of £5,000 оПмивил* Sawr