Using mobile devices in english language learning among english majors at an giang university

AN GIANG UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES LÊ THỊ MAI HƢƠNG DAV150457 | DH16AV UNDERGRADUATE THESIS USING MOBILE DEVICES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING AMONG ENGLISH MAJORS AT AN GIANG UNIVERSITY SUPERVISOR HUỲNH CHÍ XUÂN HUYÊN, M.A AN GIANG, MAY 2019 DECLARATION  I hereby declare that the thesis titled “Using mobile devices in English language learning among English majors at An Giang University” represents my own work and that it has not been previously submitted to any other university or institute in application for admission to degrees or other qualifications _ May 2019 Lê Thị Mai Hƣơng i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my deepest appreciation to Mrs Huỳnh Chí Xuân Huyên who has always been by my side with continuous support and encouragement I am grateful to have her as my supervisor, without her dedicated guidance, valuable advice, and cautious corrections, my thesis would not have happened Secondly, I want to send my gratitude to Mrs Trần Thị Thanh Huế, Mr Lê Đỗ Thái, Mrs Nguyễn Thị Nhật Minh and Mrs Nguyễn Thị Ánh Nguyệt for the inspirational lessons and conversations that encouraged me to start this thesis I also want to say thank you to Mrs Nguyễn Thị Ánh Nguyệt, Mrs Nguyễn Thị Thu Dung, Mrs Tô Nguyễn Phương Loan and all the participants of this study for helping me to collect the data for this research Without your help and cooperation, I could have not completed my study In addition, I want to express my appreciation to Mrs Nguyễn Thị Xuân Bình and Mrs Dương Thị Diễm Phúc Thank to their valuable and constructive feedback, I was able to improve my 1st draft and completed my thesis Special thanks to my friend, Mai Ngọc Nhi, who had provided me the access to valuable materials, and I would like to send my gratefulness to my brother, Mr Phan Thanh Việt, and my friends, Lê Huỳnh Diễm Xương and Nguyễn Bửu Đăng, for their support and assistance during the completion of my research Finally, my sincere thanks to all the people who have been helping me to this day, my family, my friends, my schoolmates, the lecturers and the staffs at An Giang University Lê Thị Mai Hương ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS vii ABSTRACT viii CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale of the research 1.2 Research aims and questions 1.3 Research hypotheses 1.4 Significance of the research 1.5 Limitations 1.6 Organization of the thesis CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Mobile devices and their current use 2.2 Using mobile devices in learning – mobile learning 2.2.1 Mobile learning 2.2.2 Advantages and disadvantages of mobile learning 2.2.2.1 Advantages 2.2.2.2 Disadvantages 12 2.2.3 The effectiveness of mobile learning 15 2.3 Using mobile devices in English learning 16 2.3.1 The objectives of using mobile devices in learning English 16 2.3.2 The practice of using mobile devices in learning English 16 2.3.3 Teachers’ perspective on using mobile devices in learning English 19 2.3.4 Parents’ perspective on using mobile devices in learning English 20 2.3.5 Students’ perspective on using mobile devices in learning English 20 2.4 Related studies 21 CHAPTER METHODOLOGY 24 3.1 Research design 24 iii 3.2 Participants 24 3.3 Instruments 26 3.4 Data collection procedures 27 CHAPTER FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 29 4.1 The usage of mobile devices in English language learning among An Giang University English majors 29 4.1.1 Findings 29 4.1.2 Discussions 41 4.2 An Giang University English majors’ attitudes toward the effectiveness of mobile devices in English language learning 42 4.2.1 Findings 42 4.2.2 Discussions 43 4.3 An Giang University English majors’ dependence on their mobile devices in learning English 44 4.3.1 Findings 44 4.3.2 Discussions 46 CHAPTER CONCLUSIONS 47 5.1 Summary of the discussions 47 5.1.1 The usage of mobile devices in English language learning among An Giang University English majors 47 5.1.2 An Giang University English majors’ attitudes toward the effectiveness of mobile devices in English language learning 47 5.1.3 An Giang University English majors’ dependence on their mobile devices in learning English 47 5.2 Implications 48 5.3 Recommendations for further research 48 5.4 Conclusions 49 iv LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Table 2.1: Adult who report owning a smartphone Table 3.1: Categories of questionnaire second part 26 Table 4.1: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL vocabulary skills .28 Table 4.2: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL writing skills .30 Table 4.3: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL reading skills 31 Table 4.4: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL listening skills 32 Table 4.5: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL speaking skills 33 Table 4.6: Usage of mobile devices for academic purposes relating to EL skills .34 Table 4.7: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL major skills .36 Table 4.8: Mean scores and T-test of usage of mobile devices in learning EL major skills 37 Table 4.9: Usage of mobile devices in learning ELTE major skills 38 Table 4.10: Mean scores and T-test of usage of mobile devices in learning ELTE major skills 39 Table 4.11: Students’ attitudes toward the effectiveness of mobile devices in ELL 41 Table 4.12: Students’ dependence on their mobile devices in learning English .43 Figure 2.1: Adult who reporting owning a smartphone .5 Figure 2.2: Share of adult population that currently use digital devices in Vietnam as of January 2018, by device (Statisca) Figure 3.1: Time in a day and purposes students spend on mobile devices 24 Figure 4.1: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL vocabulary skills .29 Figure 4.2: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL writing skills 30 Figure 4.3: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL reading skills 31 v Figure 4.4: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL listening skills 32 Figure 4.5: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL speaking skills 33 Figure 4.6: Usage of mobile devices for academic purposes relating to EL skills 35 Figure 4.7: Usage of mobile devices in learning EL major skills 36 Figure 4.8: Usage of mobile devices in learning ELTE major skills 38 Figure 4.9: Students’ attitudes toward the effectiveness of mobile devices in English language learning .42 Figure 4.10: Students’ dependence on their mobile devices in learning English 44 vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS An Giang University AGU English majors EMs English language learning ELL English language EL English language teacher education ELTE English as foreign language EFL Facebook FB Short message service SMS Statistical package for social studies software SPSS vii ABSTRACT As technology evolves, mobile learning has become a global trend Previous studies of Ababneh (2017), Muhammed (2014) and Nalliveettil and Alenazi (2016) indicated that mobile learning had positive impact on students’ English language learning This study was conducted to investigate the usage of mobile devices among English majors at An Giang University A questionnaire with 32 items was used to collect data from 294 English major participants at An Giang University The data was analyzed to find out (1) the usage of mobile devices in English language learning among the English majors, (2) English majors’ attitudes toward the effectiveness of mobile devices in English language learning, (3) English majors’ dependence on their mobile devices in learning English The findings showed that students used mobile devices to improve their English abilities and for academic purposes based on their major, and they had positive opinions about using mobile devices in English language learning The study also revealed that students depended on mobile devices in writing English language more than speaking English language viii In 24 hours a day, I spend hours of my time on mobile devices □8 In 24 hours a day, I spend hours of my time on mobile devices to learn English □8 II Mobile devices usage in learning English For each of the following statements, please give your opinions on using mobile devices in learning English by choosing an option using the scale: = Strongly disagree ; = Disagree ; = Neutral ; = Agree ; = Strongly agree Please make ONE choice only per statement Your thoughtfulness and honest responses will be greatly appreciated No Statement A 12345 Usage I use mobile devices to learn the meaning of English words I use mobile devices to learn the correct pronunciation of vocabulary items in English I use mobile devices to learn the correct spelling of English vocabulary I use English in writing comments, text messages, and emails on mobile devices I use mobile devices to check grammatical errors and spelling mistakes of my English writing I use mobile devices to find English materials to practice reading comprehension skills I use mobile devices to read English materials such as novels, news, documentary, reference, etc 12345 12345 12345 12345 12345 12345 12345 I use mobile devices to listen to songs in English 12345 I use mobile devices to watch movies in English 12345 10 I use mobile devices to speak to friends or foreigners in English 12345 11 I use mobile devices to practice English speaking skills 12345 12 I use mobile devices to access to various sites or applications that are designed for learning English 13 I use mobile devices to access to various sites or applications that are designed for testing English 14 I use mobile devices to find study-related materials in English 15 I scan and save the study-related reading materials to my mobile devices 16 I use mobile devices to English mock-test such as IELTS, TOEFL, TOEIC, etc 12345 12345 12345 12345 12345 17 I use mobile devices to prepare my presentations 12345 18 I use mobile devices to take notes of my lessons 12345 19 I use mobile devices to translate English sentences into Vietnamese and vice versa 20 I use mobile devices to find English materials about economy or tourism 21 I use mobile devices to access to various sites or applications that are designed for guidance of teaching English 22 I use mobile devices to make lessons plan in English B 12345 12345 12345 12345 Perspective I think that having a mobile device is essential to my studying English at the university I think mobile devices can help me improve my English skills 12345 12345 I can study English anytime and anywhere thank to mobile devices I share sites, dictionaries, and applications to learn English with others I encourage others to use their mobile devices to improve their English 12345 12345 Mobile devices are necessary for me to understand English words 12345 Mobile devices are necessary for me to practice English skills 12345 I can’t study English without using mobile devices 12345 I can’t complete my English assignments without using mobile devices 10 I can’t communicate without using mobile devices Thank you for taking your time to complete the questionnaire! 12345 12345 APPENDIX BẢNG CÂU HỎI NGHIÊN CỨU Khảo sát việc sử dụng thiết bị di động sinh viên khoa Ngoại Ngữ trƣờng Đại học An Giang việc học tiếng Anh Thân mời bạn sinh viên khoa Ngoại Ngữ trường Đại học An Giang tham gia khảo sát tìm hiểu cách sử dụng thiết bị di động học tập tiếng Anh Mỗi câu trả lời bạn thơng tin q giá có ý nghĩa quan trọng cho nghiên cứu Bạn dừng làm khảo sát cảm thấy khơng hài lịng Trân trọng cảm ơn tự nguyện tham gia bạn Khảo sát c phần I Thông tin cá nhân Xin chọn câu trả lời phù hợp cho câu hỏi sau Giới t nh bạn là: □ Nữ □ Nam Bạn sinh viên lớp: □ DH19AV □ DH19TA1 □ DH18AV □ DH18TA □ DH17AV □ DH17TA □ DH16AV □ DH16TA □ DH19TA2 Điểm trung bình t ch lũy học kì vừa bạn là: □ < 1.99 □ 2.00 - 2.49 □ 2.50 - 3.19 □ 3.20 - 3.59 □ 3.60 - 4.00 Bạn sở hữu thiết bị di động nào? (bạn c thể chọn nhiều đáp án) □ Điện thoại thông minh □ Máy t nh bảng □ Máy t nh xách tay □ Khác (xin ghi rõ): Tôi sử dụng thiết bị di động _ tiếng ngày □8 Tôi sử dụng thiết bị di động để học tiếng Anh _ tiếng ngày □8 II Sử dụng thiết bị di động việc học tiếng Anh Hãy cho biết mức độ đồng ý bạn, với việc sử dụng thiết bị di động việc học tiếng Anh, cách chọn mức độ th ch hợp từ đến cho phát biểu sau: = hồn tồn khơng đồng ý = không đồng ý = phân vân = đồng ý = hoàn toàn đồng ý Chỉ chọn DUY NHẤT MỘT lựa chọn cho phát biểu sau No Phát biểu 12345 Cách sử dụng A Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để tra nghĩa từ vựng tiếng Anh Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để học cách phát âm từ vựng tiếng Anh Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để học cách viết ch nh tả từ vựng tiếng Anh Tơi viết bình luận, tin nhắn, thư điện tử tiếng Anh thiết bị di động Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để kiểm tra lỗi ngữ pháp ch nh tả viết tiếng Anh Tơi dùng thiết bị di động tìm tài liệu tiếng Anh để luyện tập kĩ đọc hiểu tiếng Anh Tôi sử dụng thiết bị di động để đọc tài liệu tiếng Anh tác phẩm văn học, tin tức, văn kiện, tài liệu tham khảo, v.v 12345 12345 12345 12345 12345 12345 12345 Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để nghe nhạc tiếng Anh 12345 Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để xem phim tiếng Anh 12345 10 Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để n i chuyện tiếng Anh với bạn bè người nước ngồi 11 Tơi dùng thiết bị di động để luyện tập kĩ n i tiếng Anh 12 13 Tôi dùng thiết bị di động truy cập trang ứng dụng học tiếng Anh Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để truy cập trang ứng dụng kiểm tra trình độ tiếng Anh 14 Tơi dùng thiết bị di động tìm tài liệu học tập tiếng Anh 15 16 Tôi chụp lưu trữ tài liệu đọc tham khảo thiết bị di động Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để làm kiểm tra thử tiếng Anh ielts, toefl, toeic, v.v 12345 12345 12345 12345 12345 12345 12345 17 Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để chuẩn bị thuyết trình 12345 18 Tơi dùng thiết bị di động để ghi chép học 12345 19 20 21 Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để dịch câu tiếng Anh sang tiếng Việt ngược lại Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để tìm kiếm tài liệu tiếng Anh kinh tế du lịch Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để truy cập trang hay ứng dụng hướng dẫn cách dạy tiếng Anh 22 Tôi dùng thiết bị di động để thiết kế giảng tiếng Anh 12345 12345 12345 Quan điểm B 12345 Tôi cho sở hữu thiết bị di động cần thiết cho việc học tiếng Anh trường đại học 12345 Tôi cho thiết bị di động giúp cải thiện kĩ tiếng Anh Tôi c thể học tiếng Anh đâu nhờ c thiết bị di động Tôi chia sẻ từ điển, trang ứng dụng học tiếng Anh với người Tôi khuyến kh ch người sử dụng thiết bị di động họ để nâng cao trình độ tiếng Anh họ 12345 12345 12345 12345 Tôi cần c thiết bị di động để hiểu nghĩa từ tiếng Anh 12345 Tôi cần c thiết bị di động để luyện tập kĩ tiếng Anh 12345 Tơi khơng thể học tiếng Anh khơng có thiết bị di động 12345 10 Tôi hồn thành tập tiếng Anh khơng có thiết bị di động Tôi giao tiếp tiếng Anh không c thiết bị di động Cảm ơn bạn hoàn thành khảo sát! 12345 12345 APPENDIX RAW CALCULATION Case Processing Summary N Valid Excludeda Cases Total % 294 100.0 0 294 100.0 a Listwise deletion based on all variables in the procedure Reliability Statistics Cronbach's Alpha Cronbach's Alpha Based on N of Items Standardized Items 879 891 32 Item Statistics Mean Std N Deviation I use mobile devices to learn the meaning of English words I use mobile devices to learn the correct pronunciation of vocabulary items in English I use mobile devices to learn the correct spelling of English vocabulary 4.68 596 294 4.52 695 294 4.38 746 294 I use English in writing comments, text messages, and 3.44 946 294 3.88 928 294 4.03 945 294 3.69 1.033 294 I use mobile devices to listen to songs in English 4.51 761 294 I use mobile devices to watch movies in English 4.23 883 294 3.34 1.121 294 3.78 914 294 4.14 883 294 3.66 984 294 4.17 852 294 4.31 843 294 3.32 1.062 294 I use mobile devices to prepare my presentations 3.91 1.063 294 I use mobile devices to take notes of my lessons 3.48 1.092 294 emails on mobile devices I use mobile devices to check grammatical errors and spelling mistakes of my English writing I use mobile devices to find English materials to practice reading comprehension skills I use mobile devices to read English materials such as novels, news, documentary, reference, etc I use mobile devices to speak to friends or foreigners in English I use mobile devices to practice English speaking skills I use mobile devices to access to various sites or applications that are designed for learning English I use mobile devices to access to various sites or applications that are designed for testing English I use mobile devices to find study-related materials in English I scan and save the study-related reading materials to my mobile devices I use mobile devices to English mock-test such as ielts, toefl, toeic, etc I use mobile devices to translate English sentences into Vietnamese and vice versa I use mobile devices to find English materials about economy or tourism 4.17 948 294 3.70 1.035 294 3.76 1.012 294 3.20 1.192 294 4.66 591 294 4.46 708 294 4.44 767 294 4.08 878 294 4.05 911 294 4.07 955 294 4.05 900 294 3.26 1.177 294 3.12 1.228 294 2.41 1.031 294 I use mobile devices to access to various sites or applications that are designed for guidance of teaching English I use mobile devices to make lessons plan in English I think that having a mobile device is essential to my studying English at the university I think mobile devices can help me improve my English skills I can study English anytime and anywhere thank to mobile devices I share sites, dictionaries, and applications to learn English with others I encourage others to use their mobile devices to improve their English Mobile devices are necessary for me to understand English words Mobile devices are necessary for me to practice English skills I can’t study English without using mobile devices I can’t complete my English assignments without using mobile devices I can’t communicate in English without using mobile devices Summary Item Statistics Mean Minimum Maximum Range Maximum / Variance Minimum Item Means 3.903 2.415 4.680 2.265 N of Items 1.938 267 32 Item-Total Statistics Scale Mean Scale Corrected Squared Cronbach's Variance Item-Total Multiple Alpha if if Item if Item Deleted Deleted Correlation Correlation Item Deleted I use mobile devices to learn the meaning of 120.20 182.586 450 558 875 120.36 179.283 560 586 873 120.51 179.186 523 529 873 121.45 179.067 404 367 875 English words I use mobile devices to learn the correct pronunciation of vocabulary items in English I use mobile devices to learn the correct spelling of English vocabulary I use English in writing comments, text messages, and emails on mobile devices I use mobile devices to check grammatical errors and spelling 121.00 177.119 495 408 873 120.86 174.846 578 475 871 121.19 175.786 487 469 873 120.37 181.307 406 476 875 120.65 179.490 420 432 875 121.54 175.724 444 551 874 121.11 178.552 442 488 874 mistakes of my English writing I use mobile devices to find English materials to practice reading comprehension skills I use mobile devices to read English materials such as novels, news, documentary, reference, etc I use mobile devices to listen to songs in English I use mobile devices to watch movies in English I use mobile devices to speak to friends or foreigners in English I use mobile devices to practice English speaking skills I use mobile devices to access to various sites or applications that are 120.75 174.878 622 542 871 121.22 174.323 573 532 871 120.72 176.115 590 569 871 120.58 179.480 442 377 874 121.56 176.964 428 415 874 120.97 180.508 300 424 878 121.40 177.900 381 358 876 designed for learning English I use mobile devices to access to various sites or applications that are designed for testing English I use mobile devices to find study-related materials in English I scan and save the study-related reading materials to my mobile devices I use mobile devices to English mock-test such as ielts, toefl, toeic, etc I use mobile devices to prepare my presentations I use mobile devices to take notes of my lessons I use mobile devices to translate English sentences into 120.71 179.604 381 377 876 121.19 176.822 447 382 874 121.13 173.653 582 501 871 121.69 177.813 345 450 877 120.23 181.405 530 556 874 120.43 179.270 550 546 873 120.45 180.091 462 473 874 Vietnamese and vice versa I use mobile devices to find English materials about economy or tourism I use mobile devices to access to various sites or applications that are designed for guidance of teaching English I use mobile devices to make lessons plan in English I think that having a mobile device is essential to my studying English at the university I think mobile devices can help me improve my English skills I can study English anytime and anywhere thank to mobile devices I share sites, dictionaries, and applications to learn 120.80 180.371 384 340 875 120.84 177.482 489 447 873 120.81 179.559 380 512 876 120.84 177.605 491 544 873 121.63 187.067 054 564 885 121.76 188.216 014 612 886 122.47 191.997 -.100 431 887 English with others I encourage others to use their mobile devices to improve their English Mobile devices are necessary for me to understand English words Mobile devices are necessary for me to practice English skills I can’t study English without using mobile devices I can’t complete my English assignments without using mobile devices I can’t communicate in English without using mobile devices