TABLE OF CONTENTS – NỘI DUNG MỤC TÊN CHUYÊN ĐỀ TÊN BÀI TRANG 1 CHUYÊN ĐỀ I Bài 1 Phonetic Symbols 4 PHONETICS 2 Bài 2 Stress Rules to mark stress 13 3 Bài 1 Nouns 24 4 Bài 2 Verbs 40 5 Bài 3 Adjectiv.
TABLE OF CONTENTS – NỘI DUNG MỤC TÊN CHUYÊN ĐỀ CHUYÊN ĐỀ I PHONETICS TÊN BÀI TRANG Bài Phonetic Symbols Bài Stress &Rules to mark stress 13 Bài Nouns 24 Bài Verbs 40 Bài Adjectives 57 CHUYÊN ĐỀ II Bài Adverbs 75 WORD-CLASSES Bài Articles 93 Bài Prepositions 102 Bài Synonym & Antonym 112 10 Bài Sentence Elements 121 11 Bài Tenses of Verbs 138 12 Bài Emphasis 159 Bài Gerunds 172 Bài Infinitives 187 15 Bài The Passive Voice 201 16 Bài Indirect Speech 216 17 Bài Subjunctives 231 18 Bài Phrases vs Clauses 242 19 Bài Conditional Sentences 252 Bài Relative Clauses 268 Bài Phrases & Clauses of Purpose 281 Bài Phrases & Clauses of Concession 290 23 Bài Phrases & Clauses of Reason 300 24 Bài Clauses of Causes and Effects 310 25 Bài Adverbial Clauses of Time 319 26 Bài Communicative Exchanges 331 Bài Sentences Transformation 340 Bài Paragraph & Essay Organizing 359 Đáp án tập thực hành 369 13 CHUYÊN ĐỀ III 14 GRAMMAR 20 CHUYÊN ĐỀ IV 21 PHRASES VS 22 CLAUSES 27 28 29 CHUYÊN ĐỀ V WRITING SKILLS KEYS TO EXERCISES PHẦN I – CÁC CHUYÊN ĐỀ VÀ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH CHUYÊN ĐỀ I – PHONETICS CHUYÊN ĐỀ VỀ NGỮ ÂM Chuyên đề cung cấp kí hiệu phiên âm qu ốc t ế nguyên âm (đ ơn, đôi, ba), phụ âm (vô thanh, hữu thanh), số chùm ph ụ âm, đ ặc bi ệt ển t ập tập thực hành hữu ích Trong chuyên đề này, kí hi ệu phiên âm qu ốc t ế đ ược sử dụng theo mẫu kí hiệu phiên âm quốc tế theo b ộ sách giáo khoa Ti ếng Anh c Nhà Xuất Bản Giáo Dục năm 2006 Phần phiên âm từ vị trí tr ọng âm thực thơng qua việc tham khảo từ ển on-line nh MultiDictionary 9.0, Oxford Collocations Dictionary, hay Cambridge Dictionary, … Với mục đích phục vụ cho cơng tác giảng dạy ơn tập thi cấp, hình thức phiên âm vi ệc xác đ ịnh v ị trí tr ọng âm mang tính tham khảo, sở để giải tập th ực hành kèm theo, nhiên, tập thực hành kèm theo chuyên đề bao gồm từ vựng có liên quan đ ến chương trình tiếng Anh phổ thơng thường xuyên sử dụng đề thi BÀI PHONETIC SYMBOLS BẢNG PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ The symbols vowel sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm nguyên âm): 1.1 The symbols of pure vowel sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm nguyên âm đơn): Symbols In of the letters Examples in words (Ví dụ cụ thể sounds (Chữ từ) (Kí hiệu thể âm) hiện) /І/ a village /’vIlIdʒ/ package assemblage /’pækIdʒ/ /ә’semblIdʒ/ e pretty /’prItI/ represent deliver /di’livә(r)/ / i: / /e/ i y ea ee a e sit /sIt/ happy /’hæpI/ lead /li:d/ meet /mi:t/ many /’menI/ send /send/ little /’lItl/ easy /’i:zI/ seaside /’si:saId/ sheep /ʃi:p/ any/’enI/ recommend simple /’sImpl/ usually /’ju:ʊlI/ meaningful /’mi:nIŋfʊl/ steel /sti:l/ manifold /’menIfәʊld/ comprehend /rIkɔ’mend /kәmprI’hend/ Trang /æ/ /ɔ/ / ɔ: / // / ɑ: / /ʊ/ or /u/ ea a o a a aw oa oo or ou o u oo ou a ar ear u oo ou u / u: / /ә/ oe oo ui a o er or er / з: / ir ur or ear head /hed/ land /lænd/ pot /pɔt / wash /wɔʃ / talk /tɔ:k/ saw /sɔ:/ broad /brɔ:d/ door /dɔ:(r)/ fork /fɔ:k/ fought /fɔ:t/ some /sm/ shut /ʃt/ blood /bld/ tough /tf/ task /ta:sk/ card /ka:d/ heart /ha:t/ p u ll /pʊl/ o g o d /gʊd/ could /kʊld/ frugal /’fru:gәl/ spread /spred/ brandy /’brændI/ spot /spɔt / what /wɔt / walk /wɔ:k/ lawn /lɔ:n/ broaden/’brɔ:dn/ floor /flɔ:(r)/ sport /spɔ:t/ thought /θɔ:t/ come /km/ muddy /’mdI/ flood /fld/ enough /I’nf/ fast /fa:stk/ I re tard /r ’ta :d/ hearten /’ha:tәn/ push /pʊʃ/ o c o k /kʊk/ would /wʊld/ conclude /kɔn’klu:d/ shoe /ʃu: / shoebill /’ʃu:bIl/ moon /mu:n/ spoon /spu:n/ fruit /fru:t/ cruise /kru:s/ await /ә’weIt/ about /ә’baut/ tonight /tә’naIt/ potato /pә’teItәu/ reader /’ri:dәr/ writer /’raItәr/ actor /’æktәr/ doctor /’dɔktәr/ prefer merchant /prI’fз: r/ /’mз:tʃәnt/ shirt /ʃз:t/ skirt /skз:t/ hurt /hз:t/ further /’ʃз:ә/ word /wз:d/ work /wз:k/ heard /hз:d/ earth /з:θ/ headache /‘hedeIk/ sandy /’sændI/ slot /slɔt / watch /wɔtʃ/ water /’wɔ:tә(r)/ pawn /pɔ:n/ abroad /ә’brɔ:d/ floorage /’flɔ:rIdʒ/ transport /’trænspɔ:t/ bought /bɔ:t/ done /dn/ budget /’bdʒIt/ bloodless /bldlIs/ rough /rf/ broadcast /br ɔ:d’ka:st/ farther /’fa:әr/ hearth /ha:θ/ pu llet /’pʊlet/ o l o k /lʊk/ should /ʃʊld/ illusion /I’lu:ʃn/ shoemaker /’ʃu:meIkәr/ smooth /smu:θ/ recruit /rI’kru:t/ machine /mә’ʃi:n/ tomorrow /tә’mɔrәʊ/ cruiser /’kru:sәr/ translator /’trænsleItәr/ merciful /’mз:sIfʊl/ first /fз:st/ furnish /’ʃз:nIʃ/ worm /wз:m/ earthen /’з:θәn/ Trang The diphthongs and triphthongs (Các kí hiệu phiên âm nguyên đôi, ba): Symbols In of the letters Examples in words sounds (Chữ (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) (Kí hiệu thể âm) hiện) a case /keIs/ baby /’beIbI/ lazy /’leIzI/ / eI / maid /meId/ maiden /’meIdn/ maidenly /’meIdnlI/ ay say /seI/ clay /kleI/ play /pleI/ ei eight /eIt/ eighthly /’eIθlI/ eiranic /eI’rænIk/ / aI / i kite /kaIt/ night /naIt/ mine /maIn/ y sky /skaI/ fly /flaI/ satisfy /’sætIsfaI/ / ɔI / oi soil /sɔIl/ coin /kɔIn/ spoil /spɔIl/ oy employ /Im’plɔI/ enjoy /In’dʒɔI/ employment /Im’plɔImnt/ / aʊ / ou mouse /maʊs/ mouth /maʊθ/ surround /sз:’raʊnd/ ow now /naʊ/ power /’paʊ әr/ cowboy /’kaʊ bɔI/ o cold /kәʊld/ scold /skәʊld/ fold /fәʊld/ / әʊ / ow slow /slәʊ/ flow /flәʊ/ show /ʃәʊ/ ew sew /sәʊ/ sewing /’sәʊIŋ/ sewn /sәʊn/ / Iә / ear hear /hIә(r)/ fear /fIә(r)/ near /nIә(r)/ ere here /hIә(r)/ merely /’mIәlI/ atmosphere /’ætmɔsfIә(r)/ ere there /eә(r)/ therapy thereabout /’eәrәbaʊt/ / eә / /’θeәrәpI/ are fare /feә(r)/ share /ʃeә(r)/ stare /steә(r)/ air hair /heә(r)/ fair /feә(r)/ stairs /steә(r)s/ / ʊә / our tour /tʊә(r)/ tourer /tʊәrә/ tourism /’tʊәrIzm/ ire tire /taIә/ fire /faIә/ firemen /’faIәmen/ / a Iә / yre tyre /taIә/ tyreles /’taIәlIs/ tyre-pump /’taIә pmp / yer buyer /baIә/ flyer /flaIә/ buyer /baIә/ / әʊә / ower slower /slәʊә/ slower /slәʊә/ slower /slәʊә/ / aʊә / ower shower /ʃaʊә/ power /paʊә/ flower /flaʊә/ our flour /flaʊә/ sour /saʊә/ flour /flaʊә/ / eIә / ayer prayer /preIә/ player /pleIә/ sprayer /spreIә/ Trang / ɔIә / eyer oyer oyal greyer /’greIә/ greyer /’greIә/ greyer /’greIә/ enjoyer /In’dʒɔIә/ enjoyer /In’dʒɔIә/ employer /Im’plɔIә/ loyal /’lɔIәl/ loyalty /’lɔIәltI/ loyal /’lɔIәl/ The symbols of the consonant sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm phụ âm): 2.1 The symbols of voiceless consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm phụ âm vơ thanh): Symbols In of the letters Examples in words sounds (Chữ (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) (Kí hiệu thể âm) hiện) /p/ p pen /pen/ paint /peInt/ people /’pi:pәl/ f five /faIv/ formal /’fɔ:mәl/ family /’fæmIlI/ /f/ ph physics /’fIz Iks/ physician /fI’zIkʃn/ physical /fI’zIkәl/ gh laugh /la:f/ enough /I’nf/ rough /rf/ / / th throw /θrәʊ/ thunder /’θndә(r)/ sixth /sIksθ/ /t/ /s/ /ʃ/ / t∫ / /k/ t ed s c sh ch s ch t k c ch /h/ q h wh teach /ti:tʃ/ looked /lʊkt/ site /saIt/ centre /’sentә/ sheep /ʃi:p/ machine /mә’ʃi:n/ sugar /’ʃʊgә/ choice /tʃɔIs/ fixture /'fIkst∫ә/ kitchen/’kItʃn/ concert /kɔn’sз:t/ chemist /’kemIst/ quite /kwaIt/ hike /haIk/ whoop /hu:p/ temple /’tempәl/ laughed /la:ft/ sandy /’sændI/ century /’sentʃʊrI/ sheet /ʃi:t/ chaise /ʃeIz/ tittle /’taItәl/ stopped /stɔpt/ sample /’sæmpәl/ cell /sel/ English /’IŋlIʃ/ champagne /ʃæm’peIn/ sugary /’ʃʊgәr I/ church /tʃз:tʃ/ future / 'fju:t∫ә/ kiss /kIs/ cancel /’kænsәl/ sure /’ʃʊә(r)/ chimney /’tʃImnI/ question / 'kwest∫n/ king /kIŋ/ comedy /’kmedI/ chemistry /’kemIstrI/ question / 'kwest∫n/ hunger /’hŋgә(r)/ whose /hu:z/ chemical /’kemIkәl/ conquest /’kɔŋkwest/ homeless /’hәʊmlIs/ wholesale /’hɔʊlseIl/ Trang 2.2 The symbols of voiced consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm phụ âm hữu thanh): Symbols In of the letters Examples in words sounds (Chữ (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) (Kí hiệu thể âm) hiện) /b/ b boy /bɔI/ bamboo /bæm’bu:/ band /bænd/ /v/ v visit /’vIzIt/ van /væn/ victory /’vIktәrI/ f of /әv/ of /әv/ of /әv/ / / th them /әm/ with /wI/ though /әʊ/ /d/ d done /dn/ doctor /’dɔktә(r)/ dancer /’dænsә(r)/ ed lived /’lIvd/ earned /з:nd/ cancelled /’kænsәld/ /z/ z zebra /’zi:brә/ zip /zIp/ zealot /’zelәt/ s visit /’vIzIt/ visual /’vIzjʊәl/ teachers /ti:tʃәz/ /ʒ/ s vision /’vIʒn/ usual /’jʊʒʊәl/ usually /’jʊʒʊәlI/ / dʒ / g germ /dʒз:m/ gene /dʒi:n/ age /eIdʒ/ j jam /dʒæm/ jam /dʒæz/ joyful /dʒɔIfʊl/ /g/ g gift /gIft/ gain /geIn/ girl /gз:l/ /l/ l little /’lItәl/ lamp /læmp/ light /laIt/ /m/ m monk /mɔŋk/ mammal /’mæmәl/ Monday /’mndeI/ /n/ n name /neIm/ number /nmbә/ noise /nɔIs/ /ŋ/ n think /θIŋk/ thank /θæŋk/ sink /sIŋk/ ng sing /sIŋ/ thing /θIŋ/ ceiling /’si:lIŋ/ /r/ r rural /’rʊәrәl/ ring /rIŋ/ reader /’ri:dә/ /w/ w with /wI/ wine /waIn/ wing /wIŋ/ wh when /wen/ whistle /’wIsәl/ whisper /’wIspә/ /j/ y young /jŋ/ yearly /’jIәlI/ youth /ju:θ/ u music /’mju:sIk/ unit /’ju:nIt/ university /ju:nI’v з:sItI/ /ф/ h honest /’ɔ:nIst/ hour /aʊә/ heir /aIә/ mute k knight /naIt/ knit /nIt/ known /nɔʊn/ cases b comb /kɔʊm/ climb /klaIm/ debt /det/ p pneumonia psychology psychiatrist /njʊ’mɔ:nIә/ /saI’kɔ:lɔdʒI/ /saI’kIәtrIst/ Trang 2.3 The clusters of consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm chùm phụ âm): Symbols In of the letters Examples in words sounds (Chữ (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) (Kí hiệu thể âm) hiện) / sp / speak /spi:k/ spoil /spɔIl/ speaker /’spi:kә/ / st / start /sta:t/ stand /stænd/ stay /steI/ / sk / school /skʊl/ skill /skIl/ scan /skæn/ / s+ / / sf / sphere /sfIә/ spheral /sfIәrәl/ biosphere /baIә’sfIә/ / sm / small /smɔl/ smash /smæʃ/ smell /smel/ / sn / snow /snәʊ/ sneeze /sni:z/ sneaky /’sni:kI/ / sw / sweet /swi:t/ swim /swIm/ swan /swɔn/ / sj / super /sjʊpә/ superadd superably /’sjʊpәræd/ /’sjʊpәreIblI/ / pl / plump /plmp/ apply /ә’plaI/ please /pli:s/ / p+ / / pr / proud /praʊd/ propose /’prɔpәʊs/ produce /prә’djʊs/ / pj / pure /pjʊә/ purely /’pjʊәlI/ purify /’pjʊrәfaI/ / tr / train /treIn/ treat /tri:t/ treatment /tri:tmәnt/ / t+ / / tw / twice /twaIs/ twerp /twз:p/ twicer /’twaIsә/ / tj / tube /tjʊb/ tubal /’tjʊ:bәl/ tuber /’tjʊ:bә/ / kl / class /kla:s/ clean /kli:ns/ clame /kleIm/ / k+ / / kr / cream /kri:m/ cry /kraI/ creative /kri:’e ItIv/ / kw / quite /kwaIt/ quit /kwIt/ quest /kwest/ / kj / cure /kjʊә/ cute /kjʊt/ cutely /kjʊtlI/ / bl / blow /blәʊ/ blame /bleIm/ bleach /bli:tʃ/ / b+ / / br / bring /brIŋ/ bride /braId/ bridge /brIdʒ/ / bj / beauty /’bjʊtI/ beautify /’bjʊtIfaI/ beautiful /’bjʊtIfʊl/ / g+ / / gl / glass /gla:s/ glim /glIm/ glance /gla:ns/ / gr / grow /grәʊ/ great /greIt/ groom /gru:m/ / dr / dream /dri:m/ dread /dred / dreadful /’dredfʊl/ / d+ / / dw / dwell /dwel/ dweller /’dwelә/ dwelt /dwel/ / dj / duty /’djʊtI/ dutiful /’djʊtIfʊl/ dutifully /’djʊtIfʊlI/ / fl / flow /flәʊ/ fly /flaI/ flame /fleIm/ / f+ / / fr / fry /fraI/ fright /fraIt/ fridge /frIdʒ/ / fj / furious /’fjʊrIәs/ few /fjʊ/ furiously /’fjʊrIәslI/ Trang / + / Các kết hợp khác / r / / w / / vj / / mj / / ∫r / / nj / / spr / / spl / / skr / / str / / skj / / stj / / spj / / skw / throw /θrәʊ/ thwart /wæt/ view /vjʊ/ mute /mjʊt/ shrimp /∫rImp/ nude /njʊd/ spread /spred/ splash /splæʃ/ scream /scri:m/ stream /stri:m/ scuba /’skjʊbә/ student /’stjʊdnt/ spume /spjʊ:m/ square /skweә/ through /θru:/ thwack /wæk/ interview /’Intәvjʊ/ mutual /mjʊtʊәl/ shriek /∫ri:k/ nudist /’njʊdIst/ sprawl /sprɔ:l/ splat /splæt/ scree /scri: / strawy /strɔ: I/ scuba /’skjʊbә/ stupid /’stjʊpId/ threat /θret/ thwack /wæk/ preview /prI’vjʊ/ music /mjʊzIk/ shrill /∫rIl/ nudism /’njʊdIzm/ spray /spreI/ splashy /splæʃI/ screen /scri:n/ streak /stri:k/ scuba /’skjʊbә/ studio /’stjʊdIәʊ/ spue /spjʊ:/ squarer /’skweәrә/ spumous /spjʊ:mәs/ squander /’skwɔdә/ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Exercise 1: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group A candy B sandy C many D handy A earning B learning C searching D clearing A pays B stays C says D plays A given B risen C ridden D whiten A cough B tough C rough D enough A accident B jazz C stamp D watch A this B thick C bath D thin A gas B gain C germ D good A bought B naught C plough D thought 10 A forks B tables C beds D windows 11 A handed B booked C translated D visited 12 A car B coach C century D cooperate 13 A within B without C clothing D strengthen 14 A has B bag C dad D made 15 A kites B catches C oranges D buzzes 16 A student B stupid C study D studio 17 A wealth B cloth C with D marathon Trang 10 18 A brilliant B trip C tripe D tip 19 A surgeon B agent C engine D regard 20 A feather B leather C feature D measure Exercise 2: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group A geology B psychology C classify D photography A idiom B ideal C item D identical A children B child C mild D wild A both B myth C with D sixth A helped B booked C hoped D waited A name B natural C native D nation A blood B food C moon D pool A comb B plumb C climb D disturb A thick B though C thank D think 10 A flour B hour C pour D sour 11 A dictation B repetition C station D question 12 A dew B knew C sew D few 13 A asked B helped C kissed D played 14 A smells B cuts C opens D plays 15 A decided B hatred C sacred D warned 16 A head B break C bread D breath 17 A blood B tool C moon D spool 18 A height B fine C tidy D cliff 19 A through B them C threaten D thunder 20 A fought B country C bought D ought Exercise 3: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group A moon B pool C door D cool A any B apple C hat D cat A book B blood C look D foot A pan B woman C sad D man A table B lady C labor D captain A host B most C cost D post A dear B beard C beer D heard A work B coat C go D know A name B flame C man D fame 10 A how B town C power D slow Trang 11 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 A harm A brought A call A measure A drought A builds A deal A supported A unity A climber B wash B ought B curtain B decision B fought B destroys B teach B approached B suite B subtle C call C thought C cell C pleasure C brought C occurs C break C noticed C studious C debtor D talk D though D contain D permission D bought D prevents D clean D finished D volume D probable Exercise 4: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group A loved B appeared C agreed D coughed A thereupon B thrill C threesome D throne A chin B chaos C child D charge A wasted B practiced C laughed D jumped A coast B most C lost D whole A energy B gain C gesture D village A population B nation C question D station A meat B sweat C leaf D seat A antibiotic B pant C hand D want 10 A height B myth C type D climb 11 A bush B rush C pull D lunar 12 A bought B sought C drought D fought 13 A killed B cured C crashed D waived 14 A thunder B prefer C grocer D louder 15 A tells B talks C stays D steals 16 A stomach B watch C change D church 17 A attacks B repeats C roofs D trays 18 A drought B fought C brought D bought 19 A builds B destroys C occurs D prevents 20 A name B nation C native D natural Trang 12