122 an average depreciation rate used in determining the value of Vietnam’s economic infrastructures All the above factor prices have been assumed as the same across all sectors and other sub sector c[.]
122 an average depreciation rate used in determining the value of Vietnam’s economic infrastructures All the above factor prices have been assumed as the same across all sectors and other sub-sector costs converted into time series of indices, with 2014 as the base year 4.5.3 Data Preparation for CO2 Emissions The data used to calculate CO2 emissions is derived from the I-O table through 2014 and the scenarios for the year 2030 The values used to calculate CO emissions include agricultural, energy, water, industry, transport, services and residential The present study only uses energy values in estimating CO2 emissions; for example, the value of energy consumption in 2014 is shown in the below Table 4-8 Table 4-8: Energy Consumption in 2014 Energy Consumption Coal Oil Gas 2014 ($) Electricity Electricity Electricity Electricity – – – – Fossil Hydro Renewable Solar Distribution Agriculture 0.51 0.00 0.01 0.33 0.18 0.00 0.00 1.62 Energy 2,414.62 1,661.48 374.9 4,107.1 2,211.51 0.00 0.00 307.52 Water 5.02 1.78 0.19 12.73 6.86 0.00 0.00 5.93 Industry 382.47 725.62 7.43 562.00 302.62 0.00 0.00 17.24 Transport 602.15 107.69 1.61 64.51 34.74 0.00 0.00 3.07 Services 656.63 381.06 9.61 583.03 313.94 0.00 0.00 21.52 Residential 2,740.26 0.44 146.00 731.37 393.81 0.00 0.00 1,560.55 Source: MOIT (2014) The energy consumption (PJ) is expressed by the following equation: 𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑃𝐽) = 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ($) $ 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 (𝑃𝐽) The CO2 emissions are calculated based on the energy consumption value and emission factor for each type (form) of energy The carbon emissions-factor values are defined in the 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Table 4-9 presents the emissions-factor values used for this study