Thu hút đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài vào tỉnh quảng nam trong bối cảnh hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế

TRICING DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN £Q DAI HOC KTQD TT THONG -TIN THlfVIEN PHONG LUAN AN-TU LIEU TrIn PHAN Hlfu THU HOTBA u TU TBQC nfrNUfc NGOAl VlO tflMH QUANG NJUI THONG Btfl CANH HQl NHAP HNHlfOUtfClt ChuyAn ngOnh: KINH rf CHfNH TR| LUAl VAl THAC SY KIIH t£ ■ ■ Ngtfoi hating dan khoa hoc: PGS TS MAI HOU TH^C THS WW MVC LUC Danh muc cac chu viet tat Danh muc bang bieu, hinh vd Tom tat luan v3n MD DAU Chuang 1: Cor sd ly luan v& thuc tien ve dau tu true tiep nude ngoai - 1.1 Dau tu true tiep nude ngoai va sir can thiet khach quan thuhut FDI vao Quang Nam boi canh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te - 1.1.1 Quan ni?m, dSc diem va cac hinh thuc FDI - 1.1.2 Vai tro thu hut FDI doi vdi sir phat trien kinh te - xa hoi va sy can thiet khach quan phai thu hut FDI vao Quang Nam boi canh hQi nhap kinh te quoc te — 13 1.2 Cac nhan td anh hudng thu hut dau tu true tiep nude ngoai - 23 1.2.1 Moi tnrdng chinh tri—————————————————————————24 1.2.2 Chinh sach phap luat cua nude nhan dau tu - 25 1.2.3 Vi tri dia ly va dieu ki?n tu nhien cua nude nhan dau tu 26 1.2.4 Trinh phat trien nen kinh te - 27 1.2.5 Dac diem van hoa - xa hoi -—————————28 1.3 Kinh nghiem thu hut dau tu true tiep nude ngoai d mot so quoc gia va dia phuong nude -—————————————29 1.3.1 Kinh nghiem thu hut FDI cua mQt so quoc gia 29 1.3.2 Kinh nghiem thu hut FDI cua mpt sd dia phuomg nude - 36 1.3.3 Nhung bai hoc kinh nghiem thu hut FDI ma tinh Quang Nam co thd tham khao 41 Chuomg 2: Thuc trang thu hut dau tu true tiep nude ngoai vao tinh Quang Nam tir nam 2000 den 42 2.1 DSc didm dieu kien tu nhien va kinh te - xa hoi cua Quang Nam anh hudng den thu hut dau tu true tiep nude ngoai - 42 2.1.1 Vi tri dia ly va didu kien tu nhien 42 2.1.2 Tai nguyen thien nhien - 43 2.1.3 Tiem nang ve ngudi va vSn hoa nhan v&n 45 2.1.4 Thuc trang phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua Quang Nam 46 2.1.5 Nhung thuan pi va khh khhn anh huomg den thu hut FDI - 48 2.2 Thpc trang thu hut F DI tren h ia b an tilth QQung Nm 51 2.2.1 high UihU thu hut vOh aUa tu truc tinp gucc ggoOi - 51 2.2.2 Ting htnh thuc hten vVn dau tu true tien nuuc nggoi 65 2.2.3 hogg vOh tngg them cub cac dp ag - 67 2.2.4 high high tha hoi giay phep aUh tu cub cac du ag FDt 68 2.2.5 Dahh gia chahg ve tihh high tha hut vOh FDt tai Qangg Nam 69 Chuong 3: Phuong huong va cac giai phap co ban nham thu hut FDI vao tinh Quang Nam boi canh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te 77 3.1 Xu hirucg dau tur quhn t F anh hhurig dan dau tn tiyc t ien nuUc nggoi vvo Quang Nam 77 3.2 Phuogg hucgg tha hut FDt voo Qangg Naim 80 3.2.1 Qabh ai6m, phuogg hucgg vO mpc tiea phat trieh high tn - x3 hoi cub Qangg Nam dng gnm 2015 - 80 3.2.2 Phuogg hucgg vO muc tiea tha hut FDI cub Qangg Nam - 82 3.3 Mot no giai pphp c o b bn n him tring c uung dm h ht dau nt Uvc c iep p uuc n ggai vOo tigh Qangg Nbm - 87 3.3.1 Hooo tPijin qua hoocc dpht driin vce dhii, vcm vcng ng^giin drrn hia hao Tinh Qangg Nam 87 3.3.2 hinp tuc hoOh thing co chn chmh sach ua aai aUa tu vO cb c£ch thu tpc high chigh qang ly hoct doug aUa tu 89 3.3.3 Xay dugg vO gagg cap co sd hc tUhg tco aiea h^g thang loi tha hut aUa tu truc tinp gucc hgoai 93 3.3.4 DSy mcgh hoct aQgg xuc ting aUa tu 97 3.3.5 HoOh thing cngg tac qaag ly vO ho trp sba cap phep aUa tu - 104 3.3.6 Gini phap aOo tco cag bQ qang ly DhNN vO gagg cbo trihh ao tao a9hc lOm vinc trogg cac dp ag FDI 107 KEh LUAN 109 DANH MVC CHU* VIET TAT The Asian Development Bank ADB BOT (Built-Operation-Transfer) Xay dung - van hanh - chuyen giao BTO (Built-Transfer-Operation) Xay dung - chuyen giao- kinh doanh BT (Built-Transfer) Xay dung - chuyen giao CNH - HDH Cong nghiep hoa - hien dai hoa DTNN Dau tu nude ngoai (Foreign Direct Investment) FDI FII (Foreign Indirect Investment) Dau tu true tiep nunc ngoai Dau tu gian tiep nude ngoai IMF Quy tien te quoc te KCN Khu cong nghiep KCX Khu che xuat KCNC Khu cong nghe cao KKTM Khu kinh te ma MNC Cong ty xuyen quoc gia NSNN Ngan sach nha nude ODA (Official Development Assistance) Ho trcr phat trien chinh thirc UBND To chuc hop tac va phat trien kinh te •» Uy ban nhan dan UNCTAD Hoi nghi LHQ ve TM va phat trien OECD WTO (World Trade Organization) To chuc Thuomg mai the gidi r WB Ngan hang the gidi DANH MVC BANG BIEU r f Bang 1.1: Dong gop FDI vao tang truong kinh te mot so dia phuong - 21 Bang 2.1: Mot so chi tieu ve kinh te - xa hoi tinh Quang Nam - 47 Bang 2.2: Tong hop FDI tren dia ban Quang Nam 51 Bang 2.3: Co cau FDI phan theo dia ban dau tu - 55 Bang 2.4: Co cau FDI phan theo dia ban KCN, khu kinh te va ngoai - 57 Bang 2.5: Co cau FDI theo hinh thuc dau tu 58 Bang 2.6: Co cau FDI theo linh vyc dau tu - 60 Bang 2.7 Co cau FDI phan theo doi tac tren dia ban Quang Nam 62 Bang 2.8: Tinh hinh thuc hien von FDI theo linh vuc 66 Bang 3.1: Du bao von FDI den nam 2015 84 DANH MVC HINH Hinh 2.1: Co cau GDP Quang Nam theo nganh (200^^-^(^(^£2l -o trAn phan hiEu THU HOT bAu TIT TRQC Tlfr NUfc NGOA VAO TiNH QUANG NAM THONG Btil CANH HQl NHlP KINH rf QUtiC rf T6M TAt LUAn VAN THAO 8Y ■ H» ■ - MO1O i Tinh cap thiet ciia de tai Tinh Quang Nam nSm vung kinh te diem Mien Trung, nhumg nSm qua tinh Quang Nam co nhieu chinh sach, bien phap nham thu hut FDI Nguon von dau tir true tiep nude ngoai da dong gop dang ke vao nhu cau von dau tu phat trien, gop phan thuc hien nhirng nhipm vu kinh te - xa hQi tren dia ban tinh Tuy nhien, vice thu hut nguon von FDI boi canh canh tranh quyet liet giua cac dia phuung ca nude noi chung, tren dia ban khu virc mien Trung noi rieng va hoi nhap kinh te quoc te cang sau rong cua Viet Nam Doi hoi dia phuung phai co nhirng chinh sach phu hup vui the manh cua tinh Xuat phat tir thuc tidn do, toi chQn nghien cuu de tai “Thu hut von dau tu true tiep nuoc ngoai vao tinh Quang Nam boi canh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te" cho luan van thac sy kinh te cua minh Tinh hinh nghien cuu de tai: Nghien cuu dau tu true tiep nude ngoai tai Viet Nam noi chung va tai cac dia phuung noi rieng khong la de tai mdi, d moi giai giac dp kinh te chinh tri thi chua co de tai nao nghien cuu thu hut FDI vao Quang Nam boi canh hQi nhap kinh te quoc te Muc dich va nhi?m vu nghien cuu: tren co su khao sat tinh hinh thu hut FDI d r ? Quang Nam thdi gian tir nSm 2000 den 2009 Tu danh gia tong quan nhirng uu diem, han che cua tinh hinh, de xuat nhirng giai phap nham tang cudng thu hut von FDI boi canh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te De dat duqc muc dich tren luan van can thuc hien mot so nhiem vu: Mot la; nghien cuu mot sd vsin de ly luan ve dau tu true tiep nude ngoai va r r f nghien curu kinh nghipm thu hut FDI cua mpt so nude Dong A cung nhu mpt so dia phuung nude Hai la; luan van luan giai su can thiet khach quan tang cudng thu hut dau tu r r _ r t t true tiep nude ngoai vao Quang Nam boi canh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te ii Ba la; phan tich tinh hinh thu hut von dau tu tiyc tiep nude ngoai tren dia ban tinh Quang Nam giai doan 2000-2009; danh gia nhttng uu didm, han chd va tim nguyen nhan cua tinh hinh Bdn la; luan van neu phuong hudng va de xuat cac giai phap nhSm thu hut von FDI vao Quang Nam boi canh hpi nhap kinh te quoc te Doi tupng va pham vi nghien cuu Doi tuong nghien cuu: luan van nghien curu thuc trang thu hut FDI tren dia ban tinh Quang Nam Cu the khao sat nguon von FDI tren cac mat nhu: co cau von FDI theo doi tac, co cAu FDI theo linh vtre dau tu, co cau FDI theo hinh thuc dau tu FDI Pham vi nghien cuu: vdi kha nang cho phep va khuon khd yeu cau luan van thac sy thi luan van nghien cuu FDI tren dia ban Quang Nam giai doan 2000 den 2009, xem xet FDI cua Quang Nam moi quan he vdi khu vuc mien Trung - Tay nguyen, ca nude, xem xet moi quan h? von FDI vdi cac nguon von nude va boi canh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te Phuong phap nghien cuu De phu hop vdi noi dung, yeu cau va muc dich nghien cuu ma luan van da neu thi tac gia su dung nhttng phuong phap nghien cuu nhu sau: Co so phuong phap luan: tac gia lay phuong phap vat bien chung va phuong phap vat lich su cua chu nghTa Mac - Lenin lam co so phuong phap luan Co so ly thuyet: luan van su dung cac ly thuyet kinh te hoc co dien va hien dai, cac ly thuyet ve FDI va mpt so mo hinh kinh te von da dupe thuc tien kiem nghiem tien trinh phat trien cua nen kinh td the gidi, se dupe sir dung cac lap luan cua luan van Co so thuc tien: cac so lieu, dur lieu, phan tich, lap luan tir cac to chuc kinh te thuong mai cua Lien hop quoc nhu UNCTAD, va cac to chuc nude nhu phong thuong mai va cong nghiep Viet nam; tu co so nghien cuu thuc tien cac quoc Iii gia khu vuc Dong A; ket hop cac du lieu thong ke chinh thuc cua cac co quan thong ke nuoc Phuong phap nghien cuu: luan van tac gia su dung nhUng phuong phap sau: phuong phap nghien cuu tai lieu; phuong phap phan tich, so sanh, mo ta va tong hop; phuong phap thong ke Dong gop moi va y nghia thuc tien - He thong hoa mot so van de ly luan ve dau tu truc tiep nuoc ngoai - Nghien cuu thuc trang thu hut FDI vao tinh Quang Nam giai doan tu nam 2000 den nay, danh gia nhurng tuu va han che cua viec thu hut FDI cua dia * r r * r phuong va qua de xuat mot so giai phap nham thu hut FDI tu den nam 2015 va boi canh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te - Luan van co y nghia ve mat ly luan va thuc tien, no la mot nhttng tai lieu tham khao cho sinh vien kinh te, nhung ngudi nghien cuu ve kinh te Quang Nam noi rieng va nha dau tu nuoc ngoai Ket cau cua luan van Ngoai phan mo dau, ket luan, danh muc tai lieu tham khao, danh muc bang hiiu, danh muc tu viet tat, luan van duoc ket cau lam chuong: Chuong 1: Ly luan chung ve dau tu tiyc tiep nuoc ngoai Chuong 2: Thuc trang thu hut dau tu truc tiep nuoc ngoai tren dia ban tinh Quang Nam giai doan 2000 den Chuong 3: Mot so giai phap co ban nham thu hut dau tu truc tiep nuoc ngoai o tinh Quang Nam boi canh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te iv Chu-ung 1: Ly lu$n chung ve dau tu- tryc tiep naffc ngoai 1.1 Dau tur tryu tiep nirPc i^j>oai gO sy can thiet phai thu hut FDI vAo Quang Nam boi canh hyi nhap kinh tr quoc tr Ve quan diem dau tu truc tiep nuac ngoai: De tai trinh bay quan diem cua Lenin ve dau tu nuoc ngoai, tac pham chu nghia de quoc giai doan tQt cung cua chu nghia tu ban Lenin da trinh bay ban chat cua xuat khau tu ban la mQt nhung dac diem cua chu nghia tu ban giai doan doc quyen, ngoai ong phan chia tu ban xuat khau lam loai la xuat khau tu ban hoat dQng va xuat khau tu ban f % r r % r cho vay, thyc chat day la hinh thuc co ban cua dau tu quoc te la dau tu tryc tiep va dau tu gian tiep Luan v5n da trinh bay mQt so quan diem ve FDI cua cac to chuc nhu quy tien t? quoc te, tO chuc hyp tac va phat trien kinh te OECD va luat dau tu nuoc ngoai tai Vi?t Nam (2000) Nhu vay co the hiiu diu tu tryc tiep nuoc ngoai (FDI) la mQt hinh thuc dau tu quoc te, nha dau tu nuoc ngoai dong gop mQt so von nhat dinh (theo quy dinh cua nuoc tiep nhan dau tu) vao linh vyc san xuat, kinh doanh hoac dich vy, cho phep hQ tryc tiep tham gia dieu hanh doi tuyng ma ho ty bo von dau tu Ve dac diem cua FDI luan van da xac dinh nhu sau: - FDI la hinh thuc chu yeu dau tu nuoc ngoai: xet ve xu the va hi?u qua thi FDI the hi?n ro sy chuyen bien ve chat luyng nen kinh te the gioi, gin lien voi qua trinh san xuat tryc tiep, tham gia vao phan cong lao dong quoc te theo chieu sau va tao co so cho hoat dyng cua cac cong ty xuyen quoc gia va cac doanh nghiyp quoc te - FDI la hinh thuc dau tu bang von cua tu nhan cac nha dau tu ty quyet dinh dau tu, quyet dinh san xuat kinh doanh va ty trach nhi?m ve lo lai; hinh thuc mang tinh kha thi va hi?u qua kinh te cao, khong co nhung rang buyc ve chinh tri, khong de lai ganh nSng ny nan cho nuoc nhan dau tu PH V LVC 2.4 THU NGAN SACH TRENDfA BAN TINH QUANG NAM (2004-2008) Dam vj tinh: Trigu dong Tong thu Thu tren dia ban Thu noi dia 2007 2006 2004 2005 2.487.539 3.822.735 4.107.231 4.906.237 876635 1372118 1066538 1302803 2008 3.443.782 1280000 522.372 627.217 702.309 971.419 950.000 Thu tir kinh te trung ucmg 29.712 34.224 40.569 71.785 77.000 Thu tir kinh te dia phucmg 483.131 575.849 639.245 804.666 777.000 46.802 114.454 96.369 89.451 70.000 110.406 121.084 165.094 234.354 350.500 1079 963 1040 892 600 3.3 5.816 8.068 14.517 14.500 321.544 333.532 368.674 465.452 341.400 Thu tir khu vuc FDI 9529 17144 22495 94968 96000 Thue xuat, nhap khau 354.263 744.901 364.229 331.384 330.000 1.128.815 1.781.035 1.979.598 2.348.107 669.582 1.061.095 1.255327 482.089 1.951.425 212.357 •Thu tir kinh te Nhd nudc •Thue TTCN, TN vdDVngoai QD •Thue sir dung dat nong nghiep •Thue thu nhap •Thu kinh te dia phucmg khac Thu tror cap tu trung uomg Thu khac Ghi chu: T6ng thu = Thu tren dia ban + Thu tra cap tu trung uomg + Thu khac Thu tren dia ban = Thu n$i dia va thu xuat khau Thu npi dia = thu tir kinh te trung ucmg + Thu tir kinh te dja phucmg + Thu tir khu vyc FDI Thu tir kinh te dja phuong = Thu tir kinh te Nha nuoc+Thue TTCN, TN va DV ngoai QD+Thue su dung dAt nong nghi£p+ Thue thu nhap +Thu kinh te dia phuong khac COCAU THUNGAnsACH TlTNQl B/A TREN D/A BAN TINH QUANG NAM (2004-2008) Dan vf tinh: TriQu dong 2007 2006 2005 2004 2008 522372 Ty 1$ 627217 Tyl? 702309 Ty 1? 971419 Ty i? 950000 Thu noi dia •Thu tir kinh te trung uomg 29712 •Thu tir kinh te dia phuong 483131 •Thu tir khu vuc FDI 9529 5.78 71785 7.39 77000 8.11 639245 91.02 804666 82.83 777000 81.79 22495 3.20 94968 9.78 96000 10.11 5.69 34224 5.46 40569 92.49 575849 91.81 17144 2.73 1.82 Ngudn: Tong hpp tir nien giam thdng ke tinh Quang Nam CCf CAlJ THU NGAN SACH TU’ INQl t>| A (2004-2008) 100*54 80% 60% 40% 20% O*54> 2004 2005 Thu tir kinh t£ Trung ir