Giải pháp cải thiện môi trường đầu tư tại tỉnh hoà bình

TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN sosoOgsgs DAI HQC KTQD TT THdNG TIN THWVIEN PHONG — — LUAN * AN • TV LIEU » PHAM NGOC TRAM • • GIAI PHAP CAI THIEN MOI HUONG DAU TV TAI TiNH HOA BINH Chuyen nganh: Kinh te dau tu LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE 7M ASAD Ngudi huong dan khoa hoc: PGS.TS NGUYEN BACH NGUYET • • f HA NOI - 2012 * LOH CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan day la nghien cuu rieng va doc lap cua toi voi su huong dan cua PGS.TS Nguyen Bach Nguyet So lieu neu luan van la hoan toan trung thuc va duoc trlch dan day du nguon tham khao, cac phan tich danh gia la cua toi va chua duoc cong bo bat ky cong trlnh khoa hoc nao Ha Noi, thang nam 2012 Ngudi cam doan Pham Ngoc Tram MUC LUC LOH CAM DOAN DANH MUC TV VIET TAT DANH MUC BANG, HINH TOM TAT LUAN VAN CHVONG 1: TONG QUAN VE TINH HINH NGHIEN CUT DE TAI 1.1 Tinh cap thiet cua de tai 1.2 Tinh hinh nghien cUu de tai 1.3 Muc dich nghien cuu de tai 1.4 Doi tuqng va pham vi nghien cuu de tai 1.5 Phuong phap nghien cUu de tai 1.6 Nhung dong gop moi cua de tai 1.7 Ket cau de tai CHVONG 2: NHUNG CO SO LY LUAN VE MOI TRVdNG DAU TV x r 2.1 Khai niem, dac diem va phan loai moi truung dau tu 2.1.1 Khai niem ve moi truung dau tu 2.1.2 Dac diem cua mOi truung dau tu 10 2.1.3 Phan loai moi truung dau tu 12 2.2 Cac yeu to cua moi truUng dau tu 13 2.2.1 MOi truung tu nhien 13 2.2.2 MOi truung chinh tri 13 2.2.3 MOi truung chinh sach - phap luat 14 2.2.4 MOi truung van hoa - xa hoi 15 2.2.5 MOi truung kinh te 17 2.3 Vai tro cua mOi truong dau tu 19 2.3.1 Doi voi nhung ngudi quan ly Nha nude 19 2.3.2 Doi voi cac doanh nghiep 19 2.3.3 Tac dong cua cai thien mOi truung dau tu toi nen kinh te 20 2.4 Chi so danh gia mOi truung dau tu 20 2.4.1 Chi sid nhan thucve tham nhung 20 2.4.2 Chi so canh tranh toan cau 21 2.4.3 Chi sd thuan lqi kinh doanh (EBDI) 211 2.4.4 Chi so nang luc canh tranh cap tinh PCI 233 2.5 Kinh nghiem ve cai thien mOi truung dau tu va bai hoc kinh nghiem cho tinh HOa Binh 29 2.5.1 Kinh nghiem phn Ha Noi 29 2.5.2 Kinh nghiem tinh Vinh Phuc 32 2.5.3 Kinh nghiem tinh Thai Nguyen 35 2.5.4 Bai hoc kinh nghiem ve cai thien mOi truung cho tinh Hoa Bmh 39 CHVONG 3: tHVC TRANG CAI THIEN MOI TRVONG DAU TV TAI TiNH HOA BINH .’ 42 X 3.1 Qua t rinh cci thhen mm tru^dug dau t t tai tinh Hoa Binn 42 3.1.1 MoOt ruddh t unnien 42 chinh tri 46 chinh sach - phap luat 49 van hda - xa hoi 53 kinh te 57 3.2 Cac chi so danh gia moi trirong dau tir tai tinh Hoa Binh 63 3.2.1 Chi phi gia nhap thi truong 65 3.2.2 Tiep can dSr dai va su on dinh su dung dat 66 3.2.3 Tinh minh bach va tiep can thong tin 67 3.2.4 Chi phi thdi gian de thuc hien cac quy dinhcua nha nude 68 3.2.5 Chi phi khong chinh thuc 69 3.2.6 Tinh nang dong va tien phong cua lanh dao .70 3.2.7 Dich vu ho tro doanh nghiep 71 3.2.8 Dao tao lao dong 72 3.2.9 Thiet che phap ly 73 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4 3.1.5 Moi Moi Moi Moi truong truong truong truong 3.3 Tac dong cua qua trinh cai thiem moi truong dau tir den thu hut von dau tir tai tinh Hoa Binh 74 3.3.1 Tac dong cai thien moi truong tdi viec thu hut von dau tu nude tai tinh Hoa Binh giai doan 1991-2011 74 3.3.2 Tac dong cai thien moi truong tdi viec thu hut von dau tu FDI tai tinh Hda Binh giai doan 1991-2011 82 3.4 Danh gia ve thuv trang cai thien moi truong dau tir tai tinh Hda Binh 87 3.4.1 Nhung ket qua dat duqc 87 3.4.2 Nhung han che 90 3.4.3 Nguyen nhan cua nhung han che 92 CHlTONG 4: CAC GIAI PHAP CAI THIEN MOI TRUONG DAU TU* TAI TINH HOA BINH 95 4.1 Muc tieu, dinh hirong thu hut dau tir vao tinh Hda Binh den nam 2020 95 4.1.1 Quan diem phat trien 95 4.1.2 Quan diem thu hut von dau tu 95 4.2 Quan diem de xuat giai phap cai thien moi trirong dau tu * tinh Hda Binh 98 x r a 4.3 Muc tieu va dinh hirong de xuat giai phap cai thien moi trirong dau tir tinh Hoa Binh 99 4.4 Cac nhom giai phap cai thien moi truong dau tir tai tinh Hda Binh 101 4.4.1 Xay dung quy dinh ve hoat dong tu van dau tu cho tung co quan chuc nang 101 4.4.2 Nhan to van hda - xa hoi 106 4.4.3 Nhan to co so tang 108 4.4.4 Nhan to lao dong 110 4.4.5 Xue tien dau tu 114 4.5 Mot so kien nghi 117 KET LU AN ' 118 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 120 DANH MUC Ttf VIET TAT DN Doanh nghiep DTTN Dau tu nude DTNN Dau tu nude ngoai KT-XH Kinh te xa hoi GCNDT Giay chung nhan dau tu UBND Uy ban nhan dan GPMB Giai phong mat bang CNXD Cong nghiep xay dung DV Dich vu KHDT Ke hoach dau tu CCHC Cai each hanh chinh TNHH Trach nhiem huu han FDI Dau tu true tiep nude ngoai PCI Chi so nang lire canh tranh cap tinh WB Ngan hang the gidi TI To chuc minh bach quoc te VCCI Phong thuong mai va cong nghiep Viet Nam WEF Dien dan kinh te the gidi EBDI Chi so thuan loi kinh doanh GDP Tong san pham nude ODA Ho tro phat trien chinh thuc WTO Td chuc thuong mai the gidi ASEAN Hiep hoi cac quoc gia Dong Nam A APEC Dien dan hop tac kinh te chau A - Thai Binh Duong DANH MUC BANG, HINH BANG Bang 3.1: Hien trang dan so tinh Hoa Binh 55 Bang 3.2 Mot so chi tieu lao dong tinh Hoa Binh 57 Bang 3.3 Tang tnrong kinh te theo nganh kinh te 58 Bang 3.4 Co cau theo nganh kinh te thdi ky 2001-2011 59 Bang 3.5 Mot so chi tieu kinh te co ban cua Hoa Binh va ca nude nam 2011 60 Bang 3.6: Tong dau von dau tu xa hoi giai doan 2001- 2011 61 Bang 3.7 Chi so PCI tinh Hoa Binh qua cac nam 63 Bang 3.8 Chi phi gia nhap thi truung 65 Bang 3.9 Tiep can dat dai va su dn dinh su dung dat 66 Bang 3.10 Tinh minh bach va tiep can thong tin 67 Bang 3.11 Chi phi thdi gian de thuc hien cac quy dinh cua nha nude 68 Bang 3.12 Chi phi khong chinh thuc 69 Bang 3.13 Tinh nang dong va tien phong cua lanh dao 70 Bang 3.14 Dich vu ho tro doanh nghiep 71 Bang 3.15 Dao tao lao dong 72 Bang 3.16 Thiet che phap ly 73 Bang 3.17 Quy mo von cua cac loai hinh doanh nghiep tren dia ban tinh 75 Bang 3.18 So du an dau tu qua cac nam 78 Bang 3.19 So du an dau tu nude ngoai giai doan 2002 - 2011 83 Bang 4.1 U’u dai ve thue thu nhap doanh nghiep, tien su dung dat 104 Bang 4.2 Du an keu goi dau tu 115 HINH Hinh 3.1 So tang trudng giai doan 2005 -2011 57 Hinh 3.2 Bidu dd PCI 64 Hinh 3.3 Quy mo von dau tu cua tinh Hoa Binh giaidoan 2002-2011 77 Hinh 3.4 : Du an DTTN theo linh vuc nganh nghe 79 Hinh 3.5: Von dau tu cua du an DTTN theo linh vuc nganh nghe 80 Hinh 3.6: Du an DTTN theo dia ban huyen, phd 80 Hinh 3.7: Tien thuc hien du an dau tu nude 81 Hinh 3.8 Co cau du an DTNN theo linh vuc nganh nghe 84 Hinh 3.9: Von dau tu FDI vao cac linh vuc nganh kinh te 85 Hinh 3.10: Du an FDI theo dia ban huyen, pho.- 86 Hinh 3.11: Tien trien khai du an FDI 87 TRl''(')’NG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN B0BdOg8C8 PHAM NGOC TRAM • • GIAI PHAP CAI THIEN MOI TRUING DAU TU TAI TlNH HOA BINH Chuyen nganh: Kinh te dau tu* TOM tAt LUAN VAN THAC SY HA NOI - 2012 CHlTONG : TONG QUAN VE TINH HINH NGHIEN CU *U DE TAI Moi truong dau tu la mot nhung nhan to quan trong viec thu hut von dau tu cua cac doanh nghiep vao mot khu vuc, mot dat nude, mot dia phuong Do cai thien moi truong dau tu la yeu cau hang dau doi vdi cac nha lanh dao de co the thu hut duoc nhieu von dau tu, phat trien kinh te xa hoi De tai “Giai phap cat thien mdi truong dau tu tai tinh Hda Binh” nham nghien cuu thuc trang moi truong dau tu va de xuat giai phap de cai thien mdi truong dau tu cua tinh Hda Binh Luan van tap trung nghien cuu, danh gia qua trinh cai thien mdi truong dau tu, phan tich anh hudng cua mdi truong dau tu tdi qua trinh thu hut va trien khai thuc hien cac du an dau tu, tu rut cac ton tai co ban cua mdi truong dau tu Nhung van de ly luan va thuc tien va thuc trang mdi truong dau tu de de xuat mot so giai phap cai thien mdi truong dau tu, khac phuc nhung ton tai yeu de nham thu hut cd hieu qua hon cac nguon von dau tu tai tinh Hda Binh thdi gian tdi CHlTONG 2: NHUTNG CO SO LY LUAN VE MOI TRU’O'NG DAU TlT 2.1 Khai niem, dac diem va phan loai mdi trirong dau tu Mdi truong dau tu duoc hieu la tong hop cac yeu to, dieu kien ve phap luat, kinh te, chinh tri, van hda - xa hoi, cac yeu to ve ket cau tang, nang luc thi truong va ca cac lqi the cua mot quoc gia cd anh hudng true tiep den hoat dong dau tu cua cac nha dau tu tai mot quoc gia Mdi truong dau tu cd tinh khach quan, tinh tong hop, tinh da dang, tinh nang dong, tinh he thong, tinh canh tranh Cd nhieu each phan loai mdi truong dau tu: Theo pham vi dia ly, mdi truong dau tu gom loai: mdi truong dau tu cua mot quoc gia va mdi truong dau tu cua mot khu vuc Theo pham vi mot quoc gia, mot khu vuc, neu xet theo cac yeu to cau thi mdi truong dau tu duoc phan chia mdi truong tu nhien, mdi truong chinh tri, mdi truong chinh sach - phap luat, mdi truong van hda - xa hoi va mdi truong kinh te Xet theo dac diem, mdi truong dau tu duoc phan chia mdi truong cung va mdi truong mem ii 2.2 Cac yeu to cua moi trirong dau tir Moi truong tu nhien bao gom cac nhan to thien nhien nhu vat ly, hoa hoc, a r a sinh hoc, tdn tai ngoai y muon cua nguoi, nhung cung it nhieu chiu tac dong cua nguoi Do la vi tri dia ly, tai nguyen thien nhien khoang san cua mot quoc gia hay dia phuong nao Moi truong chinh tri: on dinh chinh tri la yeu to hap dan hang dau doi vdi cac nha dau tu, dac biet la nha dau tu nude ngoai Tinh hinh chinh tri co the lam tang hoac giam kha nang rui ro dau tu Moi truong chinh sach - phap luat: cac co che chinh sach, co che quan ly va cac thu tuc hanh chinh de thuc hien, cac dieu kien can dap ung doi vdi du an dau tu va ca cac van de ve hanh lang phap ly dam bao cho viec thuc hien dupe du an dau tu Cd the chia nhom yeu to vdi ba noi dung : yeu to ve co che chinh sach, yeu to ve quan ly dau tu, yeu to ve dieu kien hap thu du an Moi truong van hoa - xa hoi: dac diem phat trien van hoa xa hoi cung anh giao, gia tri dao due, tinh than dan toe, phong tuc tap quan, thi hieu tham my va giao due Cac yeu to cd the la nhung can trd, kim ham hoac khuyen khich cac hoat dong dau tu Moi truong kinh te: Nhan to kinh te la nhung yeu to bao gom tdng gia tri san pham quoc dan, toe tang truong kinh te, lam phat, ty gia hoi doai, thu nhap cua lao dong Nhung bien dong cua cac yeu to kinh te cd the tao co hoi va ca nhung thach thuc doi vdi doanh nghiep De dam bao cong cua hoat dong doanh nghiep trudc bien dong ve kinh te, cac doanh nghiep phai theo doi, phan tich, du bao bien dong cua ttrng yeu to de dua cac giai phap, cac chinh sach tuong ung timg thdi diem cu the nham tan dung, khai thac nhung co hoi, ne tranh, giam thieu nguy co va de doa Co so tang cd vai trd quan trong thu hut dau tu Co so tang tot la yeu to lam tang sue hap dan cua moi truong dau tu, ngupc lai vdi viec co so tang yeu kern lam tang chi phi san xuat cua nha dau tu va tao nhung rao can vdi moi 107 chat cong tac bao ve moi truong voi cong tac bao ve sue khoe Day manh cac hoat dong du lich sinh thai Tang ty le chi ngan sach thoa dang cho su nghiep phat trien nganh y te On dinh muc tang dan so hop ly, tiep tuc thuc hien xoa doi giam ngheo, nang cao doi song va giai quyet viec lam cho nguoi lao dong Thuc hien chinh sach dan toc va cac chinh sach xa hoi khac, bao dam cong bang xa hoi Ho tro dat san xuat, nha o va nuoc sinh hoat cho dong bao dan toc thieu so Xay dung cac cong trinh thiet yeu phuc vu dan sinh, kinh te, dam bao giao thong di lai duoc ca mua, co ban cac ho duoc cap nuoc sinh hoat, doi song nhan dan duoc dam bao, ty le ho ngheo giam nhanh va ben vung, cham dut tinh trang tai ngheo Tiep tuc thuc hien chinh sach ho tro dat san xuat, dat o, nha o va nuoc sinh hoat cho ho dong bao dan toc thieu so ngheo, doi song kho khan theo Quyet dinh 134/2004/QD -TTg cua Thu tuong Chinh phu Ra soat, danh gia va kien nghi tiep tuc thuc hien Chuong trinh phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cac xa dac biet kho khan (Chuong trinh 135 giai doan 2010-2020) Tiep tuc dau tu co so tang cac trung tam cum xa; thuc hien qui hoach bo tri lai dan cu noi can thiet theo Quyet dinh 190/2003/QD-TTg cua Thu tuong Chinh phu, day manh phat trien san xuat nong lam nghiep, tung buoc thu hep khoang cach ve doi song vat chat va tinh than cho nhan dan cac dan toc thieu so Thuc hien tot cong tac dinh canh dinh cu, on dinh san xuat cho dong bao dan toc thieu so phu hop voi tap quan canh tac, san xuat cua nguoi dan tren co so co qui hoach dan cu theo huong hinh cac cum dan cu tap trung, hinh cac cum xa, thi tu Thuc hien chinh sach ho tro dong bao dan toc phat trien kinh te, dam bao nguoi dan thuc su duoc huong loi tu qua trinh tang truong kinh te r t Khuyen khich phat trien trang trai nong lam nghiep co quy mo phu hop voi trinh quan ly va the manh cua tung dia ban; chu den ket hop phat trien cong nghiep che bien va tieu thu san pham o cac khu vuc mien nui Khai thac hieu qua tiem nang ve dat dai, nguon lao dong de chuyen doi cac loai cay co hieu qua kinh te cao; bao ton va phat trien nganh nghe truyen thong nhu det tho cam, san 108 xuat rugu can Quan tam dao tao, boi duong, su dung doi ngu can bo em dan toc thieu so tai dia phuong; dao tao nang cao trinh can bo, nhat la can bo cap co so Nang cao chat lugng giao duc, y te, thong tin tuyen truyen; bao ton, giu gin gia tri van hoa \ •> r truyen thong cua cac dan toc Day manh thuc hien cong tac xoa doi giam ngheo bang tinh tu luc, chu dong tu vuon len thoat ngheo Thuc hien cac chuong trinh dau tu ket cau tang xa hoi (truong hoc, tram y te, nha van hoa), cac dich vu xa hoi, cac uu dai cua nha nuoc ve linh vuc van hoa, A r y xa hoi cho dong bao vung dan toc, vung kho khan ket hop voi bao ton cac gia tri van hoa da dang de nang cao doi song xa hoi, tinh than cho nhan dan Dau tu phat trien ket cau tang xa hoi, thuc hien cac chinh sach phat trien giao duc, y te, van hoa, the thao cho cac xa dac biet kho khan nham nang cao doi song van hoa, tinh than cho nhan dan Dac biet chu bao ton, phat huy cac gia tri van hoa vat the, phi vat the cua dong bao cac dan toc thieu so; xoa bd nhung tap tuc lac hau trong san xuat va doi song xa hoi - tinh than cua nhan dan Nhan 4.4.3 to ca sa tang r 4.4.3.1 Hoan thien quy hoach chung, quy hoach chi tiet t.inh Hoa Binh Lam tot cong tac quy hoach va quan ly quy hoach, dac biet la quy hoach tdng the phat trien KTXH, quy hoach su dung dat, quy hoach nganh va cac san pham chu yeu; cong bo rong rai va co ke hoach cu the de thuc hien cac quy hoach da dugc duyet Chinh quyen cac cap can su dung quy hoach la mot cOng cu quan trong chr dao dieu hanh thuc hien nhiem vu phat trien KTXH, dac biet la thu hut von dau tu Quy hoach can phai dugc xay dung mot cach khoa hoc, va dam bao tam nhin dai han Muon vay, trnh Hoa Binh nen danh mot khoan kinh phi thich hop de dau tu cho cong tac lap quy hoach Doi voi quy hoach tdng the phat trien KTXH den nam 2020 nen thue tu van co nang luc, trinh (co the thue td chuc tu van nuoc ngoai) de xay dung quy hoach va su dung quy hoach do-la quy hoach goc de xay dung cac quy hoach nganh, linh vuc, quy hoach su dung dat dai, quy hoach vung, huyen, Trong td chuc thuc hien nen co bo phan chuyen trach theo doi, tdng hop, 109 khdp noi, xu ly nhung diem khong dong bo, khong thdng nhat ve muc tieu giua cac quy hoach Thuc trang hien nay, mdi nganh cd nhiem vu xay dung theo ddi quy hoach cua nganh minh Sam hoan thien ho sa ve quy hoach chi tiet, du an dau tu xay dung tang; van dong, keu goi cac nha dau tu dau tu xay dung tang cac khu, cum cong nghiep Phat 4.4.3.2 trien he thdng giao thdng He thdng ket cau tang giao thdng la mot bo phan chu yeu cua he thdng ket cau tang kinh te, la co sd cua ket cau tang kinh te - xa hoi va la cau noi giup mot quoc gia hoi nhap vdi cac nudc khu vuc, mot dia phuong ket noi vdi cac tinh ca nudc He thdng ket cau tang giao thdng phat trien se la chat xuc tac giup cho cac hoat dong cua nen kinh te dia phuong, quoc gia phat trien nhanh He thdng ket cau tang giao thdng bao gom toan bo cac cong trinh cua dudng bo, dudng thuy, dudng sat, hang hai, hang khong, cac nha ga r x Danh ty le von thich hop tu Ngan sach Nha nudc dau tu vao co sd tang giao thdng vi linh vuc thuong co it nha dau tu tu nhan tham gia yeu cau sd von ldn, cham thu hoi von Tranh thu van dong cac Bo nganh Trung uong sdm trien khai dau tu cai tao dudng Quoc lo doan tu Quan Ha Ddng, Ha Noi - Hoa Binh, day nhanh tien thi cong quoc lo 12, quoc lo 21, dudng 12B; tap trung huy dong cac ngudn r r r \ r luc (khai thac quy dat, von trai phieu Chinh phu, ODA) vao dau tu dudng cao toe Hoa Lac - Hoa Binh Tap trung nang cap, phat trien ddng bo va hien dai hoa he thdng tang d cac khu vuc diem cua tinh, co cau lai san xuat va phan bo dan cu Phat trien nhanh he thdng giao thdng pho, thi tran cac huyen Hoan thien he thdng giao thdng toan tinh, xay dung dudng bo cho xe o to di vao tan cac xa vung sau, vung xa cua tinh 4.4.3.3.Lam tot cong tac giai phdng mat bang Xay dung tang cac Khu cong nghiep, cum cong nghiep chuan bi san mat 110 bang dat sach de thu hut dau tu Hien nay, Hoa Binh co khu cong nghiep, nhung dien tich dat sach rat it, viec dau tu tang cdn rat cham Tinh can nghien cuu, day nhanh tien giai phong mat bang, yeu cau cac nha dau tu tang trien khai dau tu sum va nhanh Tich cuc tuyen truyen, van dong nhan dan thong qua cac hoi nghi hop o thon xom, cac buoi sinh hoat chi bo, cac van de ve thdng tin du an, muc gia den bu, sd ho bi anh huong can duqc cong khai vdi nguoi dan, giup nguoi dan nam duqc chu truong, ke hoach cua Dang va Nha nudc Cac can bo cung phoi hop vdi Ban hoi dong giai phong mat bang bien, hudng dan cac ho dan co dien tich nam dien giai phong mat bang hieu va ke khai dung quy dinh, lap phuong an den bu Giai quyet nhung thac mac, ban khoan cua nguoi dan Cong tac den bu phai duqc trien khai nhanh chong, cong khai, minh bach Boi thuong dung quy dinh, sat vdi gia thi truong Thuc hien tdt cong tac tai dinh cu, tao dieu kien cho cac gia dinh bi thu hoi dat yen tam tu tuong, thuc hien nghiem tuc ' r r cac quy dinh cua phd, dac biet nhat la cac ho dan den noi tai dinh cu co cuoc sdng on dinh, sum hoa nhap cong dong o khu dan cu mdi Tiep tuc nghien cuu, bo sung, hoan thien co che, chinh sach cua tinh da ban hanh ve cong tac giai phong mat bang, tang cuong cong tac kiem tra giam sat viec thuc hien cac nghia vu, trach nhiem cua cac chu du an, khac phuc tinh trang hinh cac du an treo, de dat hoang hoa gay lang phi cho xa hoi va buc xuc cho nguoi dan Xu ly nghiem cac chu dau tu co tinh vi pham, lam sai chu truong, quy dinh cua Nha nudc, cua tinh Khan truong tien hanh soat quy hoach, phan loai toan bo cac du an tren dia ban de xac dinh thu tu uu tien thuc hien giai phap mat bang, can uu tien tap trung giai quyet cac du an ldn, cac du an diem va cac du an dan sinh gay buc xuc 4.4.4 Nhan to lao dong Nguon nhan luc luon la mot yeu td quyet dinh ddi vdi su phat trien kinh te xa hoi cua moi qudc gia Do do, de thuc hien thang lqi muc tieu chien luqc cua su Ill nghiep cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa chung ta can nhan thuc mot cach sau sac, day du nhung gia tri to ldn va co y nghia quyet dinh cua nhan to nguoi, chu the cua moi sang tao, “nguon tai nguyen” vo gia, phai xay dung cac chuong trinh, ke hoach va chien luoc phat trien nguon luc phu hop, phat huy toi da nhan toi da nhan to nguoi, tao dong luc manh me cho su phat trien ben vung, day nhanh tien phat trien kinh te xa hoi cua tinh 4.4.4.1 Ho tro dao tao lao dong cho doanh nghiep Hoat dong hieu qua cua Doanh nghiep phu thuoc vao nhieu yeu to, mot nhung yeu to quyet dinh la chat luong nguon luc Neu dupc dao tao co ban ve kien thuc, giao duc thuong xuyen ve dao duc, ky nang nghe nghiep cho nguoi lao dong, viec nang cao nang suat, chat luong, hieu qua lao dong se dupc tri va phat trien Thong qua dao tao, boi duong, nguoi lao dong hieu dupc ban chat cong viec, thao cac ky nang nghiep vu, lam viec co trach nhiem, gan bo voi doanh nghiep, hieu suat lao dong tang, thu nhap cua cong nhan on dinh, doanh nghiep phat trien ben vung Chat luong nguon nhan luc la lpi the so sanh hang dau cua doanh nghiep bdi vi nguon nhan luc chat luong cao se gop phan quan trong viec tri va phat trien cua doanh nghiep.” Khuyen khich va tao dieu kien de nguoi lao dong nang cao trinh lanh nghe cua minh qua dao tao lai trinh chuyen mon Trinh chuyen mon ky thuat la chi tieu danh gia chat luong lao dong d moi doanh nghiep Doanh nghiep muon phat trien tot can thuc hien cong tac dao tao va nang cao chat luong nguon nhan luc De lam duoc dieu do, doanh nghiep can thuc hien tot nhung viec sau: Sap xep lai doi ngu quan ly, tang cuong tuyen dung lao dong mdi co trinh cao, tao dieu kien de can bo, cong nhan vien cua doanh nghiep duoc tham gia dao tao, boi duong chuyen mon, nang cao nghiep vu ky thuat, bo tri lao dong lam cong tac dung chuyen nganh de phat huy het nang luc lam viec cua cong nhan va can bo lanh dao, ket hop cac bo phan de lam tot hon nua viec su dung sap xep, bo tri lao dong dam bao ket qua cong viec cao nhat Co chinh sach uu dai, dac biet la ve chinh sach tien luong de thu hut nhung lao dong co trinh do, chuyen mdn ky thuat va kinh 112 nghiem vao lam viec tai doanh nghiep Ho tro kinh phi dao tao danh cho doanh nghiep, co chinh sach hop ly doi voi nguoi tham gia dao tao 4.4.4.2 Nang cao trinh doi ngu lao dong Cong tac Dao tao va phat trien nguon nhan luc co y nghia rat to lon doi voi cac doanh nghiep Qua qua trinh dao tao, nguoi lao dong khong ngung nam vung duoc ly thuyet ma tiep thu duoc nhung ky nang nghe nghiep Qua qua trinh dao tao nguoi lao dong tiep thu, lam quen va co the su dung thao nhung cong nghe moi san xuat kinh doanh va quan ly Dieu tao dieu kien cho doanh nghiep co the ap dung nhieu tien bo ky thuat vao qua trinh san xuat cua doanh nghiep minh Nho doanh nghiep co kha nang thich ung voi su thay doi cua co che thi truong va su canh tranh voi cac doanh nghiep khac co the ton tai va phat trien Chu cong tac dao tao, phat trien nguon nhan luc, nhung nam qua tinh da quan tam den cong tac day nghe cho lao dong Tu do, cong tac nghe da thu duoc nhieu ket qua quan gop phan giai quyet viec lam, xoa doi, giam ngheo tung buoc on dinh cuoc song cho nguoi dan Day manh cong tac dao tao nghe, nganh, thuc hien xa hoi hoa cong tac dao tao nghe cho lao dong, co nhieu nganh thien ve ky thuat ung dung nhu dien, dan dung, dien lanh, cong nghe thong tin, van hanh may, sua chua may gop phan nang cao ty le lao dong qua dao tao tinh Tich cuc tuyen truyen van dong den dong dao nguoi dan, dac biet la doi ? r r tuong nien nong thon de nguoi lao dong kip thoi nam bat duoc chu truong, chinh sach cua Dang, Nha nuoc ve cong tac nay, dong thoi hieu duoc nhung quyen loi ho tham gia hoc nghe Ra soat nhu cau hoc nghe, tien hanh lien ket voi cac doanh nghiep de thuc hien lien ket dao tao nghe theo dia chi, theo nhu cau xa hoi 4.4.4.3 Chuyen nghiep hho ddi ngg cong chuc Can phai co co che quan ly cong chuc chuyen biet nham phan biet ro chuc nang cua Dang va Nha nuoc, giua co quan Nha nuoc voi cac don vi san xuat kinh doanh, tu thiet lap co so cho viec doi ngu cong chuc chuyen ngUiPp, 113 xac dinh muc tieu, ton chi hoat dong, tao dieu kien hinh cac thiet che quan ly thich hop Thuc hien viec bo tri phan cong, danh gia va su dung cong chuc, vien chuc tren co so cac tieu chuan cu the, xac dinh ro vi tri cong tac cua moi cong chuc, vien chuc bo may Co quy che quan ly cong chuc, vien chuc khoa hoc theo hudng dam bao nguyen tac de cao vai tro, quyen han cua thu truong co quan hanh chinh cac cap va che trach nhiem cua moi to chuc, ca nhan Co quy dinh thuong phat nghiem minh, kip thoi de bao dam ky cuong, hanh chinh, va hieu qua cua cong tac quan ly Xay dung doi ngu cong chuc, vien chuc theo hudng chuyen nghiep, nang dong, tien tdi phan cong nhiem vu co thoi han Doi mdi dua vao ne nep viec quan ly, su dung cong chuc bao gom tuyen chon dau vao hoac che danh gia, su dung bo nhiem, mien nhiem, luan chuyen, dao thai, che dai ngo Thuc hien viec thi tuyen theo nhung quy dinh chat che, bao dam tinh cong bang, cong khai, tao dieu kien thuan loi cho nhung nguoi co nguyen vong, tai nang, duc xa hoi co co hoi ngang de tro cong chuc Noi dung va hinh thuc thi tuyen phai linh hoat, khong rap khuon, may moc, theo tung loai cong chuc, linh vuc hoat dong, dam bao thu hut duoc nhan tai thuc su vao lam viec bo may nha nudc 'T'l \ j A r A \ A A A * A v Thuong xuyen to chuc boi duong, tap huan ve chuyen mon nghiep vu nham bien, cap nhat cac quy dinh mdi cua Trung uong, tap trung nang cao ky nang nghiep vu, chuan hoa kien thuc va viec ap dung, van dung cac quy dinh hien hanh thuc te cong tac tai dia phuong Boi duOng ve dao duc cong vu, quan triet cac quy dinh ve che cong chuc, cong vu, quy che to chuc va hoat dong cua cac co quan Nha nudc Tang cuong cong tac dao tao, nang cao trinh nghiep vu, nang luc can bo, cong chuc, xay dung quy tac ung xu, quy tac dao duc nghe nghiep, dong thoi co co che giam sat thuc hien nhiem vu cua cac can bo, cong chuc Xay dung chuyen muc, chuyen trang hudng dan va hdi dap ve cac thu tuc lien quan den doanh nghiep va nha dau tu Trong co giam sat viec thuc hien hudng dan cua cac can bo, cong chuc va cac co quan chuyen mon; 114 Trien khai ung dung cong nghe thdng tin vao viec cung cap dich vu cong true tuyen doi vdi cac linh vuc: Dang ky doanh nghiep, cap phep dau tu, giay phep xay dung, khai thac khoang san, thue dat 4.4.5 Xue tien dau tie Xay dung tai lieu, an pham xue tien dau tu Phoi hop cac Sd, Ban, Nganh lien quan va cac don vi cd lien quan de bien soan cac tai lieu an pham quang ba dau tu cd hieu qua, phu hop vdi nhu cau cua cac nha dau tu Hoan bo tai lieu xue tien chung cua hoat dong xue tien dau tu cua tinh Tap cac ban quy hoach; sach gidi thieu tiem nang va co hoi dau tu phan mem quan ly du an dau tu, phan mdm quan ly cac nha dau tu, doanh nghiep Cac chuyen trang dau tu, bao chi, truyen thdng dai chung Thudng xuyen soat, cap nhat bo sung danh muc cac du an keu goi dau tu va xay dung tom tat cac du an keu goi dau tu ddng thdi dang tai tren website cua Sd Ke hoach va dau tu va cong thdng tin dien tu cua tinh Tuyen truyen quang ba, td chuc cac chuong trinh, hoi nghi, hoi thao ve xue tien dau tu va ngoai nudc Hd tro chuong trinh xue tien dau tu tai cac huyen, tren dia ban nham thu hut dau tu va cac linh vuc cd loi the va the manh cua tinh Tham gia cac hoat dong nam chuong tinh xue tien dau tu cua Bo Ke hoach va dau tu; cac hoat dong xue tien dau tu khac cua Phong Thuong mai va Cong nghiep Viet Nam, cac bo nganh Trung uong lien quan khac Duy tri co che ddi thoai thudng xuyen giua lanh dao tinh, cac Sd, Ban, Nganh cua tinh vdi cac nha dau tu de kip thdi xu ly nhung kho khan vudng mac qua trinh thuc hien chinh sach, dam bao cac du an hoat dong cd hieu qua cung cd long tin cua cac nha dau tu ddi vdi mdi trudng dau tu cua tinh Nang cao nang luc hoat dong xue tien dau tu va Hd tro dau tu: bien soan va phat hanh Sd tay hudng dan thu tuc dau tu cho cac nha dau tu va doanh nghiep; phoi hop vdi Cue dau tu nudc ngoai, trung tam Xue tien dau tu phia Bac thuoc Bo Ke hoach va dau tu td chuc cac khoa tap huan, dao tao nang cao nang luc Xue tien dau tu va quan ly du an dau tu cho can bo lam cong tac xue tien dau tu va mot sd 115 doanh nghiep tren dia ban.; to chuc cho cac can bo lam cong tac xuc tien dau tu di tham quan hoc tap kinh nghiem cua cac tinh ve xuc tien dau tu; tiep tuc nang cao trinh ngoai ngu cho can bo lam cong tac xuc tien dau tu * Xay dung danh muc cac du an goi von dau tu - Xay dung danh muc cac du an goi von dau tu, neu ro nhung dieu lien quan den du an: ten du an, tong von dau tu cua du an, dia diem thuc hien du an, dien tich dat su dung cho du an, doi tac se cung thuc hien du an - Trong ho so mo ta du an se mo ta ro rang dia diem dau tu, nhung thuan loi kho khan cua dia diem do, nhung thuan loi cua huyen, noi ma du an se duoc tien hanh dau tu, nhung uu dai ve thue thu nhap doanh nghiep, tien thue dat - Moi du an danh muc du an goi von dau tu se duoc lap mot hO so va duoc gioi thieu voi cac nha dau tu, cac doanh nghiep cac hoi nghi xuc tien dau tu Bang 4.2 Du an keu goi dau tu TT Linh vuc, du an Khu du lich long ho song Da Dia diem thuc hien Ho thuy dien song Da Cac xa Hoa Von dau tu du kien (trieu USD)’ 50 Son, Nhuan Xay dung tang khu, cum cong Trach, huyen Luong Son; xa nghiep doc tuyen duong Ho Chi Phu Thanh, huyen Lac Thuy; Minh xa Bao Hieu, huyen Yen Thuy 100 va cac huyen tinh Dau tu xay dung tang khu cong nghiep Bac Luong Son Huyen Luong Son 15 Xay dung nha may xi mang su Cac huyen: Luong Son, Kim 400 dung cong nghe lo quay Boi, Lac Thuy, Yen Thuy Nha may che bien nong san (ngo, Huyen Cao Phong, huyen Ky san) Son 30 116 10 11 12 13 14 15 Du an lap truong Dai hoc Luang San Du an lap trudng Dao tao Thanh phd Hoa Binh; huyen Luong San; nghe Xay dung sieu thi, trung tam th­ Thanh phd Hda Binh huyen Luang San uong mai Xay dung Khu du lich khu vuc ba 60 60 20 Thanh phd Hda Binh 10 Thanh phd Hda Binh 20 Mot sd huyen tinh 20 Xay dung cang song Huyen Ky Son 20 Du an ung dung cong nghe cao: Khu cong nghiep Luong Son; trai song Da, Hda Binh Khu du lich Thac Man Du an che bien dieu che nong, lam san (mia, ngo, san ) San xuat dien tir, dugc pham, lap Khu cong nghiep bd trai song rap to Da, phd Hoa Binh Nudi thuy san Ho thuy dien song Da, Du an che bien lam san, san xuat van ep 200 Khu cong nghiep Luong Son; Khu cong nghiep bd trai song 100 Da-thanh phd Hoa Binh Z San xuat, che bien thuc an gia sue, f 16 - -Thanh phd Hda Binh; huyen f phan bon Huyen Luong Son 20 17 Xay dung khu thi mdi Huyen Luong Son 200 18 Nha may che bien hoa qua Huyen Lac Thuy 20 19 Trang trai chan nudi gia sue r t 20 —■ 20 San xuat hang may mac xuat khau Thanh phd Hda Binh 10 21 Du an rung va che bien go Cac huyen tinh 90 22 Du an san xuat uong co va khong co Khu cong nghiep Luong Son; Khu cong nghiep bd trai song 20 Da, phd Hda Binh Nguon: Sa Ke hoach va Dau tu tinh Hda Binh 117 4.5 Mot so kien nghi Nha nudc cdn tao moi trudng phap ly cho hoat dong dau tu nudc theo xu hudng ddng bo hoa ve Luat, tang uu dai ve tai chinh cho nha dau tu di ddi vdi viec kiem soat chat che nhung dieu kien lien quan den su phat trien on dinh, ben vung (nhu yeu to xa hoi, mdi trudng) cho phu hop vdi tinh hinh nudc Can coi ca viec ban hanh quy che mdi va bo nhung quy che khong phu hop Cac van ban dudi luat can duoc ban hanh kip thdi vdi noi dung rd rang, thdng nhat vdi Luat, thuc hien dau tu, cac nha dau tu thuong dung cham tdi cac van ban luat (Luat dau tu, Luat mdi trudng, Luat dat dai ) neu khong cd cac van ban hudng dan cu the thi nha dau tu se gap rat nhieu kho khan Ddng thdi phai phoi hop giua cac Bo nganh lien quan nghien cuu, de xuat cac giai phap giai quyet nhung mau thuan giua luat chung va luat rieng, giua cac luat rieng vdi nham tao hanh lang phap ly thdng thoang, minh bach, phu hop vdi hoat dong cua cac doanh nghiep Tinh can thuc hien tot nhung chinh sach van ban cua chinh phu, cd nhung cai bien theo hudng tich cue de phu hop vdi dieu kien cua dia phuong Nang cao hon nua nang luc doi ngu can bo quan ly nha nudc, md nhung ldp dao tao va boi dudng can bo de nam bat rd nhung chinh sach chu truong cua Dang va nha nudc Tao mdi trudng dau tu thdng thoang hon nua de cac doanh nghiep cd nhu cau dau tu vao tinh duoc tien hanh dau tu To chuc cac hoi nghi xuc tien dau tu, tuyen truyen quang ba hinh anh cua tinh den cac Doanh nghiep va ngoai nudc Uu tien bo tri kinh phi den bu giai phdng mat bang, dau tu xay dung cac hang muc dau tu tang, giai quyet nhanh chong cac thu tuc hanh chinh 118 KET LUA N • Sau mot thoi gian tien hanh cac bien phap cai thien moi truong dau tu tai tinh Hda Binh, vuot qua nhung kho khan thach thuc, tinh hinh phat trien kinh te xa hoi cua tinh da thu duoc nhung ket qua tich cuc, doi song nhan dan duoc cai thien, he thong tang ky thuat xa hoi duoc dau tu phat trien, dau tu xay dung da phat huy hieu qua o cac linh vuc, tren cac dia ban Thuc hien tot cong tac chi dao, dieu hanh va quan ly nha nudc, tap trung da chi dao xay dung va ban hanh nhieu chu truong chinh sach ldn tren nhieu linh vuc, nhung van de mang tinh noi com nhu: chi dao xay dung quy hoach tong the phat trien kinh te - xa hoi tinh den nam 2020, quy hoach phat trien nha o thi den nam 2020, quy hoach phat trien su nghiep giao duc va dao tao giai doan 2010 - 2020 He thong cho dau moi, sieu thi, trung tam thuong mai duoc hinh va di vao hoat dong; cac dich vu vien thong phat trien nhanh, cac mang di dong co ban da phu song toan tinh, dam bao thong tin lien lac cho nhan dan Nang cao muc song cho nhan dan On dinh kinh te vi mo, kiem che lam phat, tri tang truong va nang cao hieu qua kinh te, cung vdi hang loat cong trinh giao thong thuy loi, dien nudc, truong hoc, y te, giao duc duoc dau tu xay dung nang cap va mo rong, bo mat thi, nong thon tinh co nhieu thay doi ro ret tao nen tam ly phan khoi va tin truong dan Hoat dong van hoa xa hoi tiep tuc phat huy hieu qua, hien da co tren 80% ho gia dinh dat tieu chuan van hoa, tren 70% xom ban co nha van hoa, ty le hoc sinh di hoc dung tuoi tang cao, giai quyet viec lam cho hang chuc nghin lao dong gop phan cai thien cuoc song Toc tang truong kinh te gia tang dang ke, GDP binh quan dau nguoi van cdn thap hon mat bang chung cua ca nudc nhung cung da phan anh duoc phan nao su phat trien kinh te cua tinh Hda Binh - So luong du an dau tu vao dia ban tinh tang dang ke, nhien van chua tuong xung vdi tiem nang, the manh cua tinh Cac du an chu yeu la nguon vdn dau 119 tu nude, chua tan dung duoc nguon vdn dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai, so luong cac du an cd vdn dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai han che Cong tac tuyen truyen quang ba hinh anh cua tinh vdi cac doanh nghiep, cac nha dau tu chua tot Lanh dao tinh, cac Sd, ban nganh can cd nhung nhan thuc va dinh hudng dung dan de mdi trudng dau tu cua tinh Hda Binh cang hoan thien hon nua, dua “cua ngo thu do” vuon xa horn nua linh vuc dau tu noi rieng va phat trien kinh te xa hoi noi chung 120 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO • Do Hai Ho (2009), Cai thien mdi trucrng dau tu & cac tinh vung trung du , mien nuiphia Bac Viet Nam, Luan an tien si Nguyen Van Hao (2005), Cai thien moi truong dau tu de tang cuong thu hut vdn dau tu nudc ngoai d Viet Nam hien nay, Luan van thac si Nguyen Thi Thu Ha (2009), Cai thien mdi truong dau tu d tinh Thai Nguyen qua trinh cong nghiep hda, hien dai hda, Luan van thac si Nguyen Van Phuc (2011), Mot sd giai phap nham tang cudng thu hut vdn dau tu vao tinh Hda Binh, Luan van thac si Nguyen Manh Toan (2011), Cac nhan td tac dong den viec thu hut vdn dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai vao mot dia phuong d Viet Nam, Luan van thac si Nguyen Thi Thom (2008), Cai thien mdi trudng kinh doanh de thu hut dau tu, giai quyet viec lam d Viet Nam, tap chi Nghien curu kinh te 01/2008 Nguyen Bach Nguyet va Tir Quang Phuong (2007), Giao trinh Kinh te dau tu, Nha xuat ban Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan, Ha Noi Thai Ba Can (2004), Lam gi de cai thien mdi trudng dau tu d Viet Nam, tap chi tai chinh ke toan 6( 11) - 2004 Bao cao gia tri xuat nhap khau - Sd Cong thuong tinh Hoa Binh 10 Bao cao tinh hinh hoat dong cua cac doanh nghiep tren dia ban 2011- Phong Dang ky kinh doanh, Sd Ke hoach va Dau tu Hoa Binh 11 Bao cao kiem tra tinh hinh trien khai cac du an- Phong Xue tien dau tu, Sd Ke hoach va dau tu tinh Hoa Binh 12 Bao cao ke hoach phat trien kinh te xa hoi tinh Hoa Binh giai doan 2008 -2020 13 Bo Ke hoach va dau tu, Kinh nghiem thu hut vdn dau tu cua cac TNCs tren the gidi 14 Danh muc cac du an goi vdn dau tu - Phong Xue tien dau tu, Sd Ke hoach va dau tu tinh Hoa Binh 15 Du dia chi Hoa Binh - Nha xuat ban Chinh tri quoc gia nam 2005 16 Ke hoach phat trien kinh te xa hoi tinh Hoa Binh giai doan 2005 - 2010 17 Ke hoach phan bo nguon vdn hang nam- Phong Tdng hop - Quy hoach Sd 121 Ke hoach va dau tu tinh Hoa Binh 18 Niem giam thong ke tinh Hoa Binh cac nam 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 19 Quyet dinh 31/2002/QD-UB cua Uy ban nhan dan tinh Hoa Binh, 25/11/2002 ve viec Ban hanh quy dinh ve uu dai dau tu va thu tuc cap giay phep dau tu doi vdi cac du an dau tu nudc vao tinh Hoa Binh 20 Quyet dinh 03/200 8/QD-UBND cua Uy ban nhan dan tinh Hoa Binh ve viec Quy dinh ve quy trinh thu tuc hanh chinh, ho tro va uu dai dau tu tren dia ban tinh Hoa Binh 21 Sd Tai chinh Thanh Da Nang, Mot so giai phap huy dong von dau tu nudc tren dia ban Da Nang 22 Phong Thuong mai va Cong nghiep Viet Nam (2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,2011), Chi so nang luc canh tranh cap tinh cua Viet Nam 23 Vien Chinh sach Chien luge nong nghiep va phat trien nong thon (2005), Tong quan cac nghien cuu ve mdi trudng dau tu nong thon Viet Nam 24 Tai lieu tren cac Website: www.dpihoabinh.gov.vn www.gso.gov.vn www.hoabinh.gov.vn www.mpi.gov.vn www.pcivietnam.org www.baohoabinh.com.vn www.thainguyen.gov.vn www.cpv.org.vn www.tailieu.vn www.chinhphu.vn www.tapchicongsan.org.vn www.dpi.danang.gov.vn