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REPORTED SPEECH WITH INFINITIVES Page 1 REPORTED SPEECH DIRECT INDIRECT A Comand (Mệnh lệnh)  said to  Mệnh lệnh khẳng định  Mệnh lệnh phủ định DON’T + bare inf Examples He said to me, “Be quiet ”[.]

REPORTED SPEECH DIRECT INDIRECT A Comand: (Mệnh lệnh)  said to  Mệnh lệnh khẳng định  Mệnh lệnh phủ định: DON’T + bare inf  TOLD  Thêm TO + bare inf  Thêm NOT TO + bare inf He told me to be quiet He told me not to talk Examples: - He said to me, “Be quiet.” - He said to me, “Don’t talk.” B Stament: (Câu tường thuật)  said  said to + object  SAID (that)  TOLD + object + (that) Example: - He said to me, “I’m fine.” He told me (that) he was fine C Question: (Câu hỏi) YES / NO question:  said to / told  ASKED Example: - He said to me, “Are you ill ?” He asked me if / whether I was ill S + asked + O + IF / WHETHER + S + V đổi theo thì WH- question:  said to / told  ASKED Examples: - He said to her, “Who are you ?” He asked her who she was S + asked + O + who + S + V what where đ đổi theo thì when * Notes: Khi đổi sang Reported speech cần lưu ý: Bỏ tất dấu câu ( ? , “ ” , ! ) Bỏ PLEASE câu mệnh lệnh Đổi thì động từ theo công thức sau: Page DIRECT INDIRECT  simple present Eg: go  simple past Eg: went  present perfect Eg: have gone  present continuous Eg: am / is/ are going  past continuous Eg: was / were going  WILL  CAN  MAY + bare inf  MUST Eg: will go  WOULD  COULD + bare inf  MIGHT Eg: would go  simple past Eg: went  past perfect Eg: had gone  past perfect Eg: had gone  past continuous Eg: was / were going  past perfect continuous Eg: had been going  WOULD COULD MIGHT + bare inf HAD TO Eg: would go  WOULD COULD + HAVE + P.P MIGHT Eg: would have gone Đổi từ khác:  this  these  here  ago  now  today  tonight  tomorrow  yesterday  next week / month / year  last week / month / year            that those there before then that day that night the day after / the following day the day before / the previous day the following week / month / year the previous week / month / year Đổi đại từ, tính từ: theo tình huống và theo đúng loại từ a Đại từ làm chủ từ: I – we – you – they b Đại từ làm tân ngữ: me – us – you – them c Tính từ sở hữu: my – our – your – their d Đại từ sở hữu: mine – ours – yours – theirs – – – – he him his his – – – – she her her her – – – – it it its X Eg: Mr Green said to Mary, “Please show me your book.”  Mr Green told Mary to show him her book Khi động từ ở mệnh đề chính (trước hoặc sau dấu “ ”) là thì simple present hoặc present continuous hoặc present perfect hoặc simple future , chuyển sang câu gián tiếp thì động từ không đổi Eg: The doctor says, “Your father is all right.”  The doctor says (that) my father is all right Page Khi câu trực tiếp diễn đạt thật hoặc chân lý (general truth), chuyển sang câu gián tiếp thì động từ không đổi Eg: He said, “The earth moves around the sun.”  He said (that) the earth moves around the sun Khi câu trực tiếp là thì simple past và diễn đạt kiện xảy với thời điểm rõ ràng (năm / tháng), chuyển sang câu gián tiếp thì động từ không đổi Eg: Tom said to me, “My mother died of cancer in 1985.”  Tom told me that his mother died of cancer in 1985 EXERCISES EXERCISE 1: Turn these sentences into reported speech: The teacher said to us, “Do your homework carefully!”  He said to me, “Don’t make such a bad mistake again!.”  Susan said to Paul, “Don’t call me again at this late hour.”  “Don’t put sticky things in your pockets”, said his mother  Magaret said to Paul, “Please don’t put your bag on my hat.”  “Please don’t wake me up early, Mum”, said the son  Helen said, “Please lend me your bicycle till o’clock tomorrow.”  “Please show me your driving license”, said the policeman  EXERCISE 2: Turn these sentences into reported speech: Tom said, “My uncle died for my country in the war in 1975.”  The farmers say, “We hope it will stop raining tomorrow.”  Our teacher said, “The Second World War broke out in 1939.”  The doctor has said to Mary, “Your health will improve quickly.”  The teacher said to the pupils, “You must hand in your paper on time.”  I said to the little girl, “The sun always rises in the east.”  “If I knew her address, I would visit her”, said Peter  “I bought this car last year, but now I want to sell it”, said Bill  Page EXERCISE 3: Turn these sentences into reported speech: My friend said, “Are you going to leave tomorrow ?”  He said, “Will you be here next month.”  She said, “Where they live ?”  “Have you done your homework ?” said my mother  “Why didn’t you come here yesterday ?” asked Mary  “Do you want to travel by air or by train ?” the travel agent said to her  “What’s your job ?” John asked me  I asked Tom, “What time did you go to bed last night ?”  “Who were you talking to ten minutes ago ?” said his sister  10 The hostess said to me, “Did you sleep well last night ?”  REPORTED SPEECH WITH INFINITIVES (Commands, requests, invitations, advise, …) -* We use to-infinitive in reported speech (commands, requests, invitations, advise, …) as follows S + V + to-infinitive Verbs: agree, offer, promise, refuse, threaten, ect Eg: - Direct: “I’m not going to walk all that way”, said Gary  Indirect: Gary refused to walk all that way S + V + O + to-infinitive Verbs: advise, ask, beg, command, encourage, forbid, invite,order, recommend, remind, request, tell, urge, warn, ect Eg: - Direct: “Would you like to stay at our house”, Mark said to us  Indirect: Mark invited us to stay at his house Some more examples: “Get out of the room”, she said  She told me to get out of the room “Could you carry some bags, Mike?” She asked Mike to carry some bags “Would you like to have dinner with us?”  They invited me to have diner with them “ Please send me to a warm climate”, he asked/begged  He asked/ begged us to send him to a warm climate “Don’t swim out too far, boys”, I said  I warned the boys not to swim out too far “You had better hurr, Bill!”, she said  She advised Bill to hurry Page EXERCISE 4: Turn these sentences into reported speech: The teacher said to us, “Write your lessons carefully”  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(tell) Margaret said to Paul, “Please don’t put your hat on my bag”  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(tell) “Please don’t drink any more”, said his wife  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(beg) “Can you the washing up?”, I offered  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(offer) “I won’t forget the shopping”, she promised  ……………………………………………………………………………………………(promise) “Would you like to come to my party?”, he invited her  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(invite) “I phone the police” she threatened  ……………………………………………………………………………………………( threaten) “You should stop smoking”, the doctor advised him  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(advise) “Wait outside”, I told her  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(tell) 10 “Could you please ring back in half an hour?”, said the secretary  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(ask) 11 “Would you mind moving your case?”, said the other passenger  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(ask) 12 “Remember to book the table”, said Ann  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(remind) 13 “Get into the right lane”, said the driving instructor  ……………………………………………………………………………………………(tell / warn) 14 “Avoid Marble Arch”, said the policeman  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(warn) 15 “Why don’t you take some medicine”, he advised me  ………………………………………………………………………………………………( advise) 16 “Why don’t you open the bank account?”, said Jack  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(advise) 17 “Would you like to have lunch with me today?”, said Tom  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(invite) 18 “Don’t forget that we have to drive home”, said his wife  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(remind) 19 “Do go to the dentist, Tom, before your toothache gets any worse”, I said  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(urge) 20 “Shall I go and get a candle?”, said Ann when the light went out suddenly  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(offer) 21 “I’ll buy you a bunch of bananas”, said Mary  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(promise) 22 “I can lend you some money”, Sue said to us  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(offer) 23 “Try again”, said Ann’s friends encouragingly  ……………………………………………………………………………………………(encourage) 24 “Go on, apply for the job”, said Jack  ……………………………………………………………………………………(urge / encourage) 25 “Will you be quiet!”, he said  ……………………………………………………………………………………………(order / tell) 26 Tom asked me, “Could you book me a room in a hotel for tonight?”  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(want) 27 He told the boys, “Go away”  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(tell) 28 “Would you sho me your passport, please?”, he said Page  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(ask) 29 “Please, please don’t take any risks”, said his wife  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(beg) 30 “Forget all about this young man”, said her parents; “don’t see him again or answer his letter’s”  …………………………………………………………………………………………(order, tell) REPORTED SPEECH WITH GERUND * We use gerund in reported speech as follows S + V + gerund - Verbs: admit, deny, recommend, regret, suggest, ect - Eg: - Direct: She said to me, “I broke the vase of flowers”  Indirect: She admitted breaking the vase of flowers S + V + preposition + gerund - Verbs: apologize (to sb) for, dream of, insist on, object to, ect - Eg: - Direct: She said to me, “I’m sorry that I broke the vase of flowers”  Indirect: She apologized (to me) for breaking the vase of flowers S + V + O + preposition + gerund - Verbs: accuse…of, blame…for, congratulate…for, prevent…from, thank….for, warn …against, ect - Eg: - Direct: Mary told Peter, “It was your fault You didn’t tell me the truth”  Indirect: Mary blamed Peter for not telling her the truth EXERCISE 5: Turn these sentences into reported speech: “You took the money”, he said  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(accuse) “I stole his bicycle”, he said to the police  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(admit) He said to the police, “I didn’t steal the bike”  ………………………………………………………………………………………………………(deny) He said, “I’m sorry I’m late”  …………………………………………………………………………………………………(apologize) “I’ll drive you to the airport I insist.”, John said to Linda ………………………………………………………………………………………………………(insist) “I’m happy to hear that you have passed the final exam Congratulations!”, Jim said to me  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(congratulate) “It was nice of you to invite me to dinner Thank you.”, Miss White said to George  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(thank) Don’t play with the matches.”, I said to Jack  ………………………………………………………………………………………(warn …… against) “I’m sorry I didn’t phone you earlier.”, Margaret said to him  …………………………………………………………………………………………………(apologize) 10 “I’ve always wanted to be a pilot.”, Paul said to his friends  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(dream) 11 “You didn’t what I said.”, the mother said to her son  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(accuse) 12 The police said to the thief, “You broke the traffic rules.”  …………………………………………………………………………………….……………(blame) 13 The student said , “I didn’t cheat in the exam.”  ………………………………………………………………………………………………………(deny) 14 Tom said to Kate, “I would drive you to the station.”  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(insist) Page 15 Ba said to his father, “I broke the window glass this morning.”  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(admit) 16 “We should go for a picnic on Sunday.”, said Linda  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(suggest) 17 “I always want to be a rich man.”, said David  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(dream) 18 The manager told the visitors, “Don’t stay at the hotel near the airport.”  ……………………………………………………………………………………(warn ……against……)  ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………(warn …to-inf) 19 “Let’s eat out tonight.’, said Tom  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(suggest) 20 “It’s too expensive to have dinner at a restaurant.”, Tom objected  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(object) 21 “I must have made a mistake in the calculations.”, said Mr Forest  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(admit) 22 “I’ll pay for the meal.”, Sarah insisted  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(insist) 23 Neil told us, “Perhaps we can go to Paris for the weekend.”  …………………………………………………………………………………………………(suggest) 24 “I’m sorry I couldn’t come to visit you last summer.”, Kate said to her parents  …………………………………………………………………………………………………(apologize) 25 “I hear you won the championship Congratulations!”, Said Dane  ………………………………………………………………………………………………(congratulate) 26 “I wish I’d asked for his name and address.”, said Tom  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(regret) 27 James said to Daisy, “You are selfish.”  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(accuse) 28 “You mustn’t drink too much caffeine.”, Marta said to Martin  …………………………………………………………………………………………(warn …against…)  ……………………………………………………………………………………………(warn … to-inf) 29 “We should take the jumper back to the shop.”, Jack said to us  …………………………………………………………………………………(recommend + O + to-inf)  ……………………………………………………………………………………( recommend + gerund) 30 “It’s not true! I have never been arrested by the police.”, Larry said  ………………………………………………………………………………………………………(deny) EXERCISE 6: Complete the following sentences without changing their meanings: The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.”  The doctor advised me Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.”  Mary suggested “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said  Bill denied “You told a lie, Tom”, she said  She accused Tom “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary  Mary apologized for “I won’t help you with your homework Never ! ” Jane said to me  Jane refused Joe said, “Please come to my party.”  Joe invited Mr Gray said, “Don’t play in the street.”  Mr Gray warned the children not “Would you like to come on a picnic with us?  They invited Page 10 “Please don’t tell anybody what happened.”  He asked 11 “If you don’t give me a pay rise I’ll resign.”  She threatened 12 “I’ll finish the work by the end of this week.”  John promised 13 “You ought to take a break, Andrew.”  She advised 14 “Don’t forget to go to the supermarket after work.”  They reminded 15 “Stay away from me.”  Tom warned 16 “Why don’t we sing a few songs?”  He suggested 17 “You can’t run out of the garden,” Ms Kelly said to the children  Ms Kelly prevented the children 18 “Are you the new manager, Daisy? Congratulations!” said Bill  Bill congratulated 19 “Please give me some more money, Mum,” Daisy said  Daisy insisted her mother 20 “You can stay in my house when I am on holiday.”  Jim told us 21 “I’ve been spending a lot more time with my children.”  He said 22 “John left here an hour ago.”  She told me 23 “Oh, I’m too hot.”  He said 24 “Are you enjoying yourself?”  He wanted to know 25 “What’s the weather like?”  She asked me 26 “Will Ted and Alice be at the party?”  She asked us 27 “Does Ann always go to church on Sundays?”  He wondered 28 “How can I solve the problem?”  I wanted to know 29 “Did you study hard for the exam?”  She asked 30 “What did you think of the performance yesterday?”  She asked me EXERCISE 7: Choose the best answer: “Thank you very much for your help, John,” said Daisy A Daisy thanked John for helping her B Daisy told John to help her C Daisy wanted John to help her and said thanks D Daisy would like John to help her “It is you that stole my purse,” Mrs Pike said to the young man A Mrs Pike told the young man that it was you that stole her purse B Mrs Pike denied the young man of stealing her purse C Mrs Pike accused the young man of stealing her purse D Mrs Pike asked the young man to steal her purse “You mustn’t get into the area,” the policeman said Page A The policeman stopped them from getting into the area B The policeman denied from getting into the area C The policeman wanted them to get into the area D The policeman suggested getting into the area “Whose composition haven’t we heard yet?” The teacher asked us to tell her A whose composition we haven’t heard yet C whose composition hadn’t we heard yet B whose composition we hadn’t heard yet D whose composition we hadn’t heard yet? “You look beautiful in this dress.” Last night she told me A you look beautiful in that dress C I’ll look beautiful in this dress B you looked beautiful in that dress D I looked beautiful in that dress “Hi, Bob Did you take the job?” Bob’s friend asked him A did he take the job C if he had taken the job B whether you took the job D had he taken the job “How many people are there in your family?” The interviewer asked me A how many people there were in your family B how many people were there in your family C how many people were there in my family D how many people there were in my family “Don’t stay up late You should go to bed early,” Peter told me A Peter told me not to stay up late and promised to go to bed early B Peter promised not to stay up late and told me to go to bed early C Peter told me not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early D Peter told me not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early “I will bring you some food,” he said to me A He invited me to eat some food C He told me to bring some food B He offered to bring me some food D He advised me to bring some food 10 “Go on, Susan! Apply for the job,” the father said A The father invited Susan to apply for the job B The father denied applying for the job C The father encouraged Susan to apply for the job D The father wanted Susan not to apply for the job THE END Page