Ôn thi vào lớp 10 môn Tiếng Anh

ÔN THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH Topic 1 Pronunciation and stress NGỮ ÂM 1 NGUYÊN ÂM VOWEL a Nguyên âm đơn (vowel) Có 12 nguyên âm / i / read, see, meet, meal / i / sit, six, hit /u / too, two, pool, s[.]

ÔN THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH Topic 1: Pronunciation and stress NGỮ ÂM NGUYÊN ÂM: VOWEL a Nguyên âm đơn: (vowel) Có 12 nguyên âm: / i: /- read, see, meet, meal / i /- sit, six, hit /u: / - too, two, pool, school / u / - book, put, could / ǝ / - ago, porter, apartment / ɜ / - learn, first, word /ɔ: / - saw, nor, sort / ɔ / - not, hot, got / ʌ / - but, umbrella, come / a: / - part, arm, farm, car / e / - men, hen, lend / æ / - man, hat, batman b Nguyên âm đôi: (Diphthong) / iǝ / - here, near, fear / ei / - name, came, page / ʊǝ / - tour, poor, jury / ɔi / - boy, coin, enjoy / ǝʊ / - go, cold, load / eǝ / - wear, care, hair / / - nice, fine, rice / aʊ / - how, cow, house, now PHỤ ÂM (CONSONANT) / b / - bus, but, band / p / - put, pen, pitch / k / - candy, cook, can / d / - day, deep, dance / t / - take, turtle, tornado / g / - get, goal, goat, go / s / - soon, sun, sound / z / - rise, music, prize / ʃ / - sugar, sure, chef / ʒ / - measure, pleasure, vision / tʃ / - question, chips, church / dʒ / - joy, age, large / f / - fine, laugh, enough / v / - heavy, veal, move / w / - win, whale, one / j / - your, yet, use / h / - head, who, hand / θ / - thank, thin, teeth / ð / - this, they, father / m / - mother, my, mountain / n / - nowadays, net, beneath / ŋ / - sing, thank, thing / l / - long, lie, lifelong / r / - red, wrong, proud ÂM CÂM TRONG TIẾNG ANH ( phần 1) Âm B câm: Âm B âm câm đứng cuối từ đứng trước âm M - climb [klaim] : leo trèo - comb [koum] : lược Âm C câm: Âm C âm câm cụm "scle" cuối từ muscle ['mʌsl] : bắp Âm D câm: Âm D âm câm đứng liền với âm N Wednesday ['wenzdei] : thứ Âm E câm: Âm E âm câm đứng cuối từ - hope [houp] : hi vọng - write [rait] : viết Âm G câm: Âm G âm câm đứng trước âm N foreign ['fɔrin]: nước Âm GH câm: Âm GH âm câm đứng trước âm T đứng cuối từ - daughter ['dɔ:tə] : gái - light [lait] : ánh sáng Âm K câm: Âm K âm câm đứng trước âm N đầu - knife [naif] : dao - know [nou] : biết Âm H câm: Âm H âm câm đứng sau âm W trừ Who/ Whom/ Whose - what [wɔt] : - when [wen] : where/why : đâu/tại Ngoại lệ: Một số từ bắt đầu âm H câm dùng với mạo từ “an”.  - hour ['auə] : - heir [eə] : người thừa kế CÁCH ĐÁNH DẤU TRỌNG ÂM Những danh từ tính từ có âm tiết trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ Ex: kitchen, active… Những động từ có âm tiết trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ trừ âm có cách đọc ngắn như: - er, - el, - ow, Ex: accept, begin… Trừ: clever, travel, borrow… Những danh từ động từ có âm tiết trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ âm cuối đọc dài Ex: company, interest, … Những danh từ động từ có âm tiết trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ âm cuối đọc ngắn như: er, el, ow, ic, op… Ex: discover, tomorrow… Khi gặp hậu tố: -ic, -ical, -aphy, -ogy, -ity, -acy, -ian, -id, -ible, -ish, -ial, - age, - ure, - ety, - ion, - ous, - ior, - iar, - ence, - iency, - ient, - ier, - ict, -ent: trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết trước hậu tố Ex: economic economical succession suggestion photography Biology ability democracy musician stupid Possible childish confidential (kín đáo) democracy structure dictation librarian experience premier relict (quả phụ) image society artificial superior efficiency republic mathematics courageous familiar convenient Ngo¹i trõ : cathonic (tồn diện) lunatic Arabic politics arithmetic (số học) vacate (bỏ trống) Khi gặp từ ghép: Từ ghép danh từ: - trọng âm rơi vào chữ đầu: VD: - school-bag Từ ghép động từ tính từ: - trọng âm rơi vào chữ thứ 2: VD: - under-stand, oldfashioned, homesick airsick … Nhưng : bad- temper short- sighted well- informed upstairs well - done short- handed north- east down- stream well - dressed ill - treated downstairs north - west Các từ có từ âm tiết trở lên trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ tính từ “phải” qua “trái” VD: opportunity, geography, familiar,… Lưu ý: - Các tiền tố hậu tố không ảnh hưởng đến trọng âm từ: -re- , dis-, un-, in-, il-, im-, ir-, ness, -ous, -able, -d, -en, -ful, -less, -ing, -ment, -ly VD: - wonder -> wonderful, - patient -> (im)patiently, predict -> (un)predictable – Trọng âm thường rơi vào hậu tố: -ain, -ee, -eer, -ese, -ique, -ette, -esque, -oo, -mental, -end, -ever, - ade, -oon, een VD: - entertain, entertainment, Chinese, employee, engineer, unique, cigarette, picturesque, bamboo, fundamental, recommend, however, lemonade, typhoon, thirteen Các từ âm tiết bắt đầu [A] trọng âm nhấn vào âm tiết thứ 2: abed about above aback again alone achieve alike alive ago asleep abroad aside abuse afraid Các đại từ phản thân nhấn mạnh cuối từ : myself, himself, themselves Exercise Chọn từ có âm tiết nhấn khác với từ lại: Exercise 1 A admire B honor C title D difficult A describe B struggle C political D society A independence B politician C immortality D different A comfort B nation C apply D moment A ashamed B position C begin D enemy A influential B creative C introduction D university A profit B suggest C surrender D report A career B majority C continue D education A vocational B employer C minority D reasonable 10 A general B opinion C abroad D surprise Exercise A realize B improve C possible D comfortable A important B especially C prefer D influence A mineral B example C diamond D popular A republic B collector C situation D inscription A protection B separate C develop D encourage A recognize B stimulate C activity D adult A intelligent B direct C desire D satisfactory A relationship B command C vocabulary D island A define B idea C express D figure 10 A suppose B expect C unusual D literary Exercise A individual B reputation C experience D scientific A carpenter B revise C ignore D traditional A necessary B achieve C poetic D communicate A influence B modern C consider D different A contain B poisonous C chemical D scientist A discover B unhealthy C amount D realize A avoid B gesture C permit D exact A forefinger B precise C specific D computer A involved B equal C machine D eventual 10 A operation B official C community D efficiency Exercise A redundant B harmony C grammatical D essential A absolute B accuracy C obvious D original A machine B enthusiast C replace D fortune A unemployed B necessity C generosity D represent A furious A return A address A estimate A addition 10 A aesthetic Exercise A physical A conform A percentage A decay A prefer A amazing A appear A painter A inspire 10 A commodity Exercise A petroleum A producer A attract A widespread A direction A product A biological A experiment A geometric 10 A destroy Exercise A extent A inadequate A demonstrate A secondary A instead A balcony A flexible A control A geothermal 10 A attendance Exercise A politics A Japan A consequently A conference A argument B wonderful B lottery B millionaire B medical B exemplify B particular C reaction C reward C believe C advice C incredible C disease D honesty D immediate D mislead D vegetables D candle D acceptability B activity B perhaps B advantage B purpose B electricity B ability B audience B energy B resign B material C increase C remove C examine C however C invent C performance C government C express C dangerous C deposit D expectancy D various D influence D invention D collaborate D television D talented D boundary D exchange D quality B resource B consume B descend B anxiety B community B convert B expedition B giant B supply B disappear C occur C companion C noticeable C explode C garbage C efficient C synthetic C windmill C potential C development D anger D situation D control D alternative D utility D dispose D scientific D software D pollution D independent B synonymous B available B responsible B expectation B furious B accident B together B giant B experimental B compulsory C admit C authority C simplify C supervision C campaign C mechanic C domestic C windmill C elementary C geography D manuscript D purpose D celebrate D sociologist D apartment D survey D relaxed D software D geographical D similar B imaginary B astronaut B profile B announcement B definite C result C unfortunate C initiate C arrival C museum D annoyed D approximate D project D reception D permanent A treatment B prevent C intelligent D acquire A affirm B rely C infection D remedy A effort B distinguished C available D luxurious A physiology B economics C nominate D competition 10 A contribution B appropriate C opportunity D anniversary Exercise A afloat B superior C passenger D contribute A chemistry B original C tribute D emphasis A sentimental B commonplace C mathematics D information A pronounce B American C soldier D prefer A muscular B instrument C dramatic D argument A magnetic B radiation C unpleasant D equipment A distraction B considerable C recommend D description A probability B attitude C technological D entertainment A emergency B encourage C shortage D distraction 10 A natural B surplus C dynamite D decision Exercise 10 A legacy B illuminate C humanity D commemorate A numerous B recent C telescope D forever A behavior B predict C occurrence D environmental A mishap B evacuate C vigorous D moderate A unspeakable B accomplish C emotional D tendency A expression B response C psychologist D vehicle A development B prevent C common D avoid A supply B reliever C effective D remedy A familiar B repellent C antiseptic D survive 10 A ingenious B device C enormous D dangerous Topic : Tenses of the verb CHUYỂN ĐỔI TỪ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH SANG QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN VÀ NGƯỢC LẠI This is the first time I have seen him (đây lần đầu thấy ) =>I have never seen him before ( chưa thấy trước ) Mẫu có dạng : Đây lần làm chuyện => chưa làm chuyện trước The first time : lần Never before : chưa trước I started / begun studying English years ago (tôi bắt đầu học TA cách năm ) => I have studied English for years ( học TA năm ) Mẫu có dạng : bắt đầu làm cách + khoảng thời gian => làm chuyện for + khoảng thời gian Nếu khơng có ago mà có when + mệnh đề giử nguyên mệnh đề đổi when thành since I last saw him when I was a student.(lần cuối thấy SV) => I haven't seen him since I was a student.(tôi không thấy từ SV ) Mẫu có dạng : Lần cuối làm chuyện => khơng làm chuyện từ Last : lần cuối Since : từ The last time she went out with him was two years ago (lần cuối cô ta chơi với cách năm ) => She hasn't gone out with him for two years (cô ta không chơi với năm ) Tương tự mẫu khác phần sau It's ten years since I last met him.(đã 10 năm từ gặp lần cuối ) => I haven't met him for ten years ( không gặp 10 năm ) Mẫu có dạng : Đã khoảng thời gian từ làm lần cuối => khơng làm việc + khoảng thời gian When did you buy it? ( bạn mua ? => How long is it since + S + Vp…? => How long have you bought? ( bạn mua ? ) Mẫu có dạng : when : dùng khứ đơn How long : dùng hoàn thành Bài tập vận dụng Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa: 1) This is the first time he went abroad => He hasn’t 2) She started driving month ago => She has 3) We began eating when it started to rain => We have 4) I last had my hair cut when I left her => I haven’t 5) The last time she kissed me was months ago => She hasn’t 6) It is a long time since we last met => We haven’t 7) When did you have it? => How long -? 8) This is the first time I had such a delicious meal => I haven’t 9) I haven’t seen him for days => The last 10) I haven’t taken a bath since Monday => It is 11 We last went to London two years ago  We  It’s  The last time -12 This is the first time I have visited Hanoi  I 13 I began learning English five years ago  I have -14 I last saw her in 2010 -15 I haven’t eaten this kind of food before 16 I started working for this company a year ago -17 I last read that book on November 20th 18 I have never eaten with knives and forks before -19 It is 10 years since I last visited Dalat -20 She hasn’t phoned home for two weeks -21.She hasn’t gone out with him for months  The last time …………………………………………………………………………… … 22 We haven’t seen such a cruel mother before  This is the first ……………………………………………………………………….…… 23 It is two years since we last saw Mr Jones  We haven’t ……………………………………………………………………….………… 24 This is the first time I have visited the USA  I haven’t …………………………………………………………………………………… 25 I have learnt English for 10 years now  I began ……………………………………………………………………………………… 26 She moved to London 20 years ago  She has ……………………………………………………………………………………… 27 The Pikes haven’t visited Paris for years  The last time ……………………………………………………………………………… 28 I stopped writing to him a week ago  I haven’t ………………………………………………………………… ………………… 29 Mary has learnt French for years  It’s …………………………………………………………………………….……… 30 When did your father buy that car?  How long …………………………………………………………………… …………… 31 I didn’t see her again for years  Three years has …………………………………………………………………………… 32 The last time I saw John was when he was leaving for Edinburgh  John hasn’t …………………………………………………………………………… 33 They haven’t liked ice-cream since they ate too much and were sick  They didn’t …………………………………………………………………………… 34 John’s career as a television presenter began five years ago  John has ………………………………………………………………………………… 35 My uncle has been a worker in that factory for 10 years  My uncle started ……………………………………………………………………… 36 How long have your family read Tuoi Tre Newspaper?  When did your ………………………………………………………………………… 37 My old friend started working on that farm in 2005  Since 2005, …………………………………………………………………………… 38 When did he start teaching Physical Education in this school?  How long ……………………………………………………………………………… 39 My mother has had this washing machine for a long time  My mother ……………………………………………………………………………… 40.My father stopped drinking champagne ten years ago  My father hasn’t ……………………………………………………………………… 41 Jane’s grandma hasn’t planted trees in the garden for months  Jane’s grandma stopped ……………………………………………………………… 42 I have never met a more warm-hearted person than my mother is  My mother is ………………………………………………………………………… 43 I have never seen such a bad film as that one in the cinema  That is the …………………………………………………………………………… 44 We haven’t seen Mary since we left the university  We last ……………………………………………………………………………… 45 The last time I went swimming was when I was in Spain  I haven’t ……………………………………………………………………………… Supply the correct VERB TENSE : Someone (knock) at the door Can you answer it? → Tom (work) at the moment, so he can’t answer the telephone → The river (flow) after last night’s rain → He (play) for Manchester United this season → She (study) English at HaNoi university of Education these days → She is at her best when she (make) big decision → We (spend) next vacation in London → Robert (arrive) tomorrow morning on the 10.00 train → Look! The bus (leave) → 10.Mike (phone) me one hour ago → 11.Michael (have) a word with Linda this morning → 12.Old Ted (smoke) 20 cigarettes a day till he gave up → 13.Stephen (talk) on the phone when I came in → 14.I (watch) TV at 9:30 last night → 15.While I was working in the garden, my son (play) video games → 16.When he worked here Simon always (make) mistakes → 17.I (wonder) if you could give me a hand → 18.I (paint) chairs so far this morning → 19.Frank (home) since he was a boy → 20.Mai (live) in Ho Chi Minh City for five years now → 21.My little sister (watch) “Sleeping Beauty” several times → 22.The child (die) before the doctor arrived → 23.We cleaned up the room as soon as the guests (leave) → 24.The secretary (finish) the report by 10:00 yesterday → 25.Jane’s eyes are red She (cry) → 26.This room is dirty Someone (smoke) in here → 27.How many languages John (speak)? → 28.Hurry up! The train (come) I don’t want to miss it → 29.Angelina Jolie is a famous actress She (appear) in several films → 30.What time the next train (leave)? → 31.Monica (stay) with her sister at the moment until she finds a flat → 32.There’s a strange in here Mother (cook) something → 33.The concert (start) at 7:15 → 34.Nora says she’s 17 but I (not believe) her → 35.Sorry I’m late! That OK I (wait) long → 36.We did not go out because it (rain) → 37.Tuan, is it true that you (get) married next week? → 38.I (read) “Chicken Soup for the Soul” but I haven’t finished it yet → 39.Alan took a photograph of Sandra while she (look) → 40.I (loose) my key Can you held me to look for it? → 41.Last night Tina (read) in bed when suddenly she heard a scream → 42.We (have) a party next week Would you like to come? → 43.The red river (flow) very fast today much faster than yesterday → 44.While my mother (cook) dinner the phone rang → 45.I (know) your telephone number → 46.Please don’t make so much noise My son (sleep) → 47.The moon (move) round the Earth → 48.Tracy (be) ill for a long time → 49.Have you heard? Sophie (get) married → 50.My father (work) for this company from 1999 to 2005 → Topic : Subject and verb agreement & Tag question SỰ HÒA HỢP GIỮA CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ SUBJECT AND VERB AGREEMENT A TRƯỜNG HỢP DÙNG ĐỘNG TỪ Ở SỐ ÍT Khi danh từ số ít, đại từ số ít, động từ nguyên dạng, danh động từ… Ex: - His sister likes dancing - The danger of eating too much chips is unclear - The President and CEO (Chief Executive Officer) is Mr Smith - The book is on the table - To work hard is necessary - Learning English is difficult but fun Khi chủ ngữ danh từ tiền bạc, thời gian khoảng cách: Ex: - Money is not all to keep a family happy - As a Chinese saying: “Ten years is not a long time for an honorable man to revenge.” - Ten miles isn’t very far to go by car - Twenty-five dollars is too much for the meal - Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test - Twenty dollars is all I can afford to pay for that radio - Two miles is too much to run in one day Khi chủ ngữ đại từ bất định như: Each, either, neither , another, the other, one, everybody, everyone, everything, anybody, anyone, anything, nobody, no one, nothing, somebody, someone, something … Ex: - Each of them has to be on duty once a week - Everybody who wants to buy a ticket should be in this line - Something is in my eye - Is there anybody here? - Neither of his pens is able to be used - Either is correct - No problem is harder than this one - Nobody works harder than John does - Each citizen and every citizen has responsible for Khi chủ ngữ danh từ số kết nối với từ khác bằng: with, as well as, together with, along with, no less than, accompanied by… Ex: - Mary, along with her manager and some friends, is going to a party tonight - Mr Robbins, accompanied by her wife and children, is arriving tomorrow morning - The girl, with her big white dog, passes my house every morning - Mr Nam, as well as his assistants, was doing an experiment in the laboratory when I came Khi chủ ngữ danh từ đề cập đến môn học, bệnh, danh từ riêng như: + News + Diseases: measles = bệnh sởi, mumps = quai bị, rickets = còi xương, diabetes, rabies (dại) + Subject: - Linguistics, Physics, Phonetics, Mathematics, Economics, politics…… + Proper noun: - Algiers, Athens, Brussels, Marseilles, The United States,… Ex: - The morning news starts at 5.30 everyday - Physics is very difficult - The United States is between Canada and Mexico Khi thực phép tính: - Six minus three is three - Ten subtracted by five is five - Twice seven equals fourteen - Eight divided by four is two Khi chủ ngữ mệnh đề sau “That”: Ex: - That you give your parents some money after getting salary is a very good action - That you get high marks at school always makes your parents proud 10