KHOA HOC CONG NGHE TUYEIXI CHON CHUNG NAM DAM B E TAO VA1V BIO COM POSITE TL) DAM GO KHONG SLT DUNG KEO DAN Bui Thi Thuy1, Hoang Thi Tam1, Doan Thi Bich Ngpc1, Nguyen Thi Hang1, Nguydn Van Due1, D6 Bi[.]
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE TUYEIXI CHON CHUNG N A M D A M B E TAO VA1V BIO C O M PO SITE TL) DAM GO KHONG SLT DUNG KEO DAN Bui Thi Thuy1, Hoang Thi Tam1, Doan Thi Bich Ngpc1, Nguyen Thi Hang1, Nguydn Van Due1, D6 Bidn Cuomg1 TbMTAT Composite gd dupe tao tir vat lieu lignocellulose (van mong gd, soi gd, dam gd ) va keo dan g6 (keo phenolformaldehyde, ureformaldehyde, melaminformaldehyde ) duoi dieu kien ep nhiet phu hop Keo dan g6 tir nguyen lieu hoa thach dang dan can kiet va kha nang phat thai formaldehyde doc hai moi tnrcmg Viec nghien ciiu tao cac loai van g6 khong sir dung keo dan hoac sir dung keo dan sinh hoc than thien moi truong co y nghia 1cm Nam muc da dupe cong bo co kha nang bien tinh lignin, tang kha nang ket dinh Trong nghien ciiu nay, tir 10 chung nam dam da xac dinh dupe chung NV1, NM8, NM3, NM9, N2 co kha nang sinh truong tren dam gd de tao bio-composite Van bio-composite ter chung co khoi lupng the tich tir 0,73-0,83 g/cm 3, ben uon tinh 3,14,3 MPa, mo dun dan hoi uon tinh 835,4-1606,7MPa, kha nang each am 40,140,3 dB; kha nang each nhiet 8,1-9,7 m.K/W, tuong duong hoac cao hon mot so loai vat lieu each am each nhiet khac nen van dam bio-composite hoan toan co the dung lam san pham each am each nhiet Nghien cuu dac diem sinh hoc cho thay ca chung NM8, NM9, NM3, N2, NV1 deu co hoat tinh laccase, hoat tinh manganese peroxidase (MnP) chi thay xuat hien a cac chung NV1, NM9 va N2, nhung cac hoat tinh deu yeu Cac chung deu co hoat tinh lignin peroxidase (LiP), NM9 co hoat luc enzym cao nhat va NM3 co hoat lire thap nhat Trir chung NM8,4 chung lai deu sinh Endobeta-l,4-glucanase Cac mSu co hoat tinh endo-glucanase cao lan luot la mau N2 (5110 U/kg), NM3 (3070 U/kg), NM9 (2880 IU/kg) va thap nhat la NV1 (952 U/kg) Tir kh6a: Composite sinh hoc, sinh tnrang, Coprinus radians NV1 1.D A TVAN D E Composite g6 da dupe ting dung nhieu thiet ke noi that va xay dung Composite g6 dupe tao tu vat lieu lignocellulose (van mong g6, soi g6, dam go ) va keo dan g6 (chiem duoi 10%theo khoi lupng kho cua lignocellulose) nhu keo phenolformaldehyde, ureformaldehyde, melaminformaldehyde duoi dieu kien nhiet va ap luc ep phu hop Su dung keo dan gd nhien lieu hoa thach co nguon han che va phat thai formaldehyde doc hai nen cong nghiep san xuat composite gd can tim kiem cac loai keo dan sinh hoc than thien moi truong Cac phuong phap bien tinh gd de tang kha nang ket dinh gom phuong phap cu, nhiet, hoa hoc, sinh hoc (su dung nam muc) Trong cac vi sinh vat, nam lam muc gd phan huy lignin manh nhat, dac biet la nam muc trang Huong nghien cuu xanh tao vat lieu composite sinh hoc (bio-composite) dupe tao 1Vien Nghien cuu Cong nghiep rung, Vien Khoa hoc Lam nghiep Viet Nam Vien Cong nghe Sinh hoc va Cong nghe Thuc pham, trucmg Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha Noi 116 tu spi sinh hoc cellulose (dam gd ) dupe gay cay chung nam muc voi cac thong so cong nghe u, ep tao van phu hpp da dupe tien hanh o’ nude ngoai Nam gay muc (thuoc nam dam) da dupe cong bo co kha nang bien tinh lignin (Yaolin ZHANG, e t al., 2014) [7], [8] Akhila e t al (2005) [1] da nghien cuu thu nghiem nuoi cay nam Phanerochaete chrysosporium tren xu dira Spi xo dua dupe nuoi cay nam tang ben uon tinh 35,1% voi chung P chrysosporium va tang 25,7% voi chung Phanerochaete sp so voi spi khong xu ly nam Vi vay nghien cuu su dung 10 chung nam gay muc da dupe thu thap, phan lap, nuoi cay thuan thiet va xac dinh co kha nang gay hai gd manh de nuoi cay tren dam gd de tao vat lieu bio-composite Nam tao he spi nam rong rai tao nen cac Id tren be mat spi va lam gd ghe be mat spi (Yan Li, 2009) [6] Nam muc trang phat trien va phu day be mat dam bang he spi nam Dieu lam tang tuong tac be mat (surface interaction) qua trinh ep nhiet; nam muc trang cat dirt chudi mach lignin (depolimerization) bang cac phenol-oxidizing enzymes (laccase, peroxidases ) Lignin sau bi cat dut mach se tai lien ket (re-polymerization) NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY + - THANG 2/2020 KHOA HOC CbNG NGHE qua trinh ep nhiet; Su bien doi hoa hoc cua hemicellulose va lignin tao khoang (pores) tren be mat vach te bao gd, lam tang nang lupng be mat va cung cap nhieu nhom chuc nang hon de lien ket (nhom hydroxyl) (Wenjing Sun e t al., 2019) [9] Nam loai phan vo dinh hinh lam chudi cellulose xep chat hon, cac polysacharide co chat sau qua trinh nuoi cay nam cung co tac dung ket dinh (Yan Li, 2009) [6] Bai bao trinh bay ket qua nghien cuu tuyen chon mot so chung nam dam de tao van bio-composite tir dam go khong su dung keo dan BOITUDNG VA PHUDN6 PHflP NGHEN CUU 2.1 Boi tupng nghien aim Cac chung nam gay muc gd da dupe phan lap va nuoi cay thuan khiet, dupe xac dinh co kha nang phan huy g6 gom: Coprinus radians NV1, Ceriporia lacerata N2, Trametes corrugata NM1, T versicolor NM7, Cerena sp NB3.1, Pleurotus floridanus NM3, Lentinus giganteus NM8, Phanerochaete chrysosporium NA14.1, Daedalea quercina NM2, Macrocybe gigantea NM9 Dam gd Keo, chieu dai