TnNG CirONG CONG TRC THONGTINDOI NGORI TRONGTHOI KV MOI TS. Pham Minh Sen Hoc vien Bdo chi vd Tuyen truyen Dai hdi Dai bieu toan qude lan thir XI Dang Cdng san Viet Nam da danh dau mdt thdi ky mdi trong qua trinh phat trien ciia dat nudc. Dai hdi danh gia eao nhung thanh tyu cua cdng tac ddi ngoai da gdp phan thiic day va md rdng qua trinh hdi nhap qude te, nang cao vi the. uy tin qudc te ciia nude ta. Vdi nhitng thanh tyxi va kinh nghiem eiia 25 nam ddi mdi, trong bdi canh tinh hinh qudc te va khu vyc dang xuat hien nhieu thdi ea nhung Cling dan xen nhieu thach thire, Dai hpi da dat ra nhiem vy cho cdng tac ddi ngoai thdi gian tdi la "trien khai ddng bp, todn dien, hieu qud cdc hogt dpng ddi ngogi, tich cue, chit dpng hpi nhap qudc ti " . Trong bdi canh do, cdng tac thdng tin ddi ngogi (TTDN) can phai dugc tiep tue ddi mdi va tang cudng ve mpi mat de ed the dap irng tdt cac yeu cau, ddi hdi ciia thdi ky mdi. 1. Tam quan trong cua congtac TTDN trong thdi ky moi Sau 25 nam ddi mdi, lye va the, siie manh tdng hgp ciia Viet Nam da Idn ban nhieu so vdi trudc. Chung ta da cd quan he vdi hau hdt cac qudc gia va viing lanh thd tren thd gidi. Tren con dudng hdi nhap qudc ' Bao dien tii' Dang Cdng san Viet Nam, http//123.30.49.74:8080/tiengviet/tulieuvankien/vank iendan '• details.asp'.'topic= 191 &subtopic=8&leader_t opic ^^9&id=BT2511161123 te, Viet Nam mdt mat phai tim hieu ngay cang sau, rdng, toan dien ve the gidi, mat khac ciing rat can de the gidi hieu nhieu ban. rd ban ve minh, qua dd tim kiem va tang cudng cae co hdi hgp tae de ciing phat trien. Do vay, nhu eau cung cap thdng tin tir Viet Nam ra the gidi va dua the gidi den vdi Viet Nam ngay cang Idn manh va hire thiet. La mdt bd phan quan trpng trong cdng tae ddi ngoai va tu tudng ciia Dang. Nha nudc va nhan dan ta, TTDN lam cho the gidi hieu ve dat nudc, con ngudi Viet Nam, ve nhiing gia tri vat chat, tinh than ciia dan tdc Viet Nam, ve dudng ldi, chii truang, chinh sach va thanh tyu ddi mdi ciia Viet Nam, ve myc tieu ddn gidu, nude mgnh. ddn ehii, cdng bdng, vdn minh ciia Viet Nam, tren co sd dd quan he, hgp tae nhieu hon vdi chiing ta. TTDN giup xay dirng hinh anh Viet Nam hod binh, dn dinh, hgp tde vd phdt trien. ddng thdi dang gdp phan tich eye vao cude dau tranh ehung ciia nhan dan the gidi vi hda binh, dpc lap dan tdc, dan chii va tien bd xa hdi. TTDN ciing giup cho nhan dan Viet Nam ddn nhan nhiing thanh tyu khoa bpe ky thuat, kinh nghiem td chirc quan ly, san xuat eiing nhiing tinh hoa van boa cua cac dan tde tren the gidi. Trong bdi canh tinh hinh qudc te vdi thdi CO va thach thirc dang dan xen nhau. cac 70 NGHIEN CLfu CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°03 (126)2011 qudc gia viia hgp tae, vira dau tranh vdi nhau de bao ve. thda man va phat trien lgi ich eiia minh. Tren the gidi. boa binh, hgp tac va phat trien van la xu the Idn, nhung se cd nhii'ng dien bien phirc tap mdi, tiem an nhieu bat trac khd ludng. Khu vyc Chau A - Thai Binh Duong, trong dd cd khu vire Ddng Nam A van se la khu vyc phat trien nang ddng, nhung cdn tdn tai nhieu nhan td gay mat dn dinh. TTDN gdp phan dau tranh bao ve chii quyen qudc gia, lam rd quan diem cua Viet Nam ve cac van de qudc te, cac van de xung dot va hgp tac, cac van de toan cau nhu mdi trudng. dan sd, benh tat va cac van de khac nhu dan chii, nhan quyen, tdn giao. TTDN dau tranh du luan, phe phan. bac bd nhumg thdng tin sai lech, nhirng luan dieu bdi xau. xuyen tac ve Viet Nam. giiip du luan hieu dimg dan tinh hinh Viet Nam eiing nhu qudc te. Vdi ban chat ciia giai cap cdng nhan, lanh dao dat nude di theo eon dudng XHCN, Dang Cdng san Viet Nam dang chu trpng phat trien quan he vdi cac dang cdng san, cdng nhan. dang eanh ta, gdp phan tich eye vao cude dau tranh vi boa binh, dpc lap dan tdc, dan chu va tien bd xa hdi tren the gidi. TTDN gdp phan xay dyng tinh doan ket qudc te giiia giai cap cdng nhan va nhan dan lao ddng toan the gidi. Nhung mau thuan co ban tren the gidi va xu the thdi dai dat ra nhiem vu cho giai cap cdng nhan mdi nudc phai biet ket hgp sire manh dan tdc vdi sire manh ciia thdi dai. ket hgp ndi lye vdi sy ddng tinh. ung hd qudc te va xu the phat trien eiia thdi dai. TTDN tao didu kien de thyc hien nhiem vy nay. Trong thdi ky mdi. TTDN can phai dugc tang cudng, ddi mdi \e mpi mat, dac biet la can ddi mdi npi dung, hdm sal dimg ddi lugng, xdc dinh dung dia bdn vd Idng cudng lice lugng tien hdnh TTDN. 2. Ddi mdi noi dung TTDN Trong thdi ky mdi. ndi dung TTDN can dugc ddi mdi cho phii hgp. viia dap iing nhirng yeu cau co ban. xuyen sudt cua cdng tae TTDN, vira bam sat nhu'ng yeu cau, nhiem vy trong tirng giai doan, ddi tugng. dia ban thdng tin. Trong dd can tap trung \ ao nhii'ng ndi dung sau: Thie nlidt, tlidng tin, gi&i thiin rpng rdi vi chu trwffng, dudng ldi cua Ddng, phdp lucit, chinh sdch ciia Nhd nudc, nhi'rng thdnh tim cda cong cuoc ddi md'i deit nirdc. Tang cudng TTDN se giiip eho the gidi hieu rd nhiing ehii truang, dudng ldi, chinh sach ciia Dang va Nha nude trong cac ITnh vyc, nhat la ve phat trien kinh te, chinh tri, xa hdi va ddi ngoai eiia dat nude. TTDN can phd bien rdng rai chinh sach, phap luat cua Nha nudc, nhat la ve nhiing ITnh vyc, van de ma the gidi quan tam. Trong dd. can chu trpng den ehinh sach ddi ngoai. dac biet la kinh te ddi ngoai. Ggi mo cho cac ddi tac nude ngoai thay nhirng dieu kien. co hdi. tiem nang, nhu cau kinh te. xa hdi quan trpng ma ehiing ta can thu hut sy hgp tac, lien kdt nude ngoai, thiie day quan he kinh te. ihuang mai, tai chinh. :^i ^iiittl eiiifnq edmj tde tltdtuj, tin 71 TTDN cimg can lam ndi bat nhirng thanh tim Viet Nam dat dugc sau nhii'ng nam ddi mdi. Dieu nay gdp phan khang dinh sy dn dinh chinh tri - xa hdk ehinh sach dai doan ket toan dan tde, chii ddng tich eye hdi nhap qudc tc ciia dat nudc ta. Tren ca sd do, TTDN lam cho the gidi hieu rd. dimg ve tinh hinh mpi mat va cdng cude ddi mdi ciia Viet Nam, ung hd su nghiep xay dirng va bao ve Td qudc ciia nhan dan ta, tang cudng sir hieu biet lan nhau, tinh hiru nghi va sir hgp tac binh dang, cimg cd lgi, cimg phat trien giira nhan dan ta va nhan dan cac nude. Thir hai, gidi thiin, qudng bd hinh dnh dat nirdc, con ngirdi, lich sir, vdn hod ciia VietNam. TTDN gdp phan xay dyng va quang ba hinh anh Viet Nam ra the gidi. Giup nhan dan the gidi hieu rd hon ve dat nudc, con ngudi, ve nen van boa tien tien, phong phii, da dang, cd be day lich sir eiia dan tdc ta. Cac gia tri van boa truyen thdng ludn duge coi la vdn quy ciia qude gia va duge Dang, Nha nudc va nhan dan ta bao tdn, phat huy. Tang cudng thdng tin, quang ba hinh anh dat nude, con ngirdi Viet Nam tren the gidi la mdt ndi dung quan trpng trong cdng tac TTDN hien nay. Thir ba, ddu tranh vdi nhirng thdng tin sai lich, luan diiu xuyin tac vi Viet Nam, kiin quyit bdo vi dpc lap, chii quyin todn ven Idnh thd qudc gia. Ben canh viee cung cap thdng tin kip thdi, chinh xac ve Viet Nam, TTDN cdn phai dau tranh chdng lai su bdi nho hinh anh dat nude, chdng lai su xuyen tac lich sir. cac chieu bai lgi dung van de dan chii. nhan quydn, dan tdc, tdn giao. chii quyen lanh thd de chong pha dat nudc. Vdi vai trd la tieng ndi dai dien cho dat nude ddi vdi qudc te, TTDN phai kip thdi va ehii ddng phe phan, phan bac nhimg thdng tin sai lech, luan dieu xuyen tac. thieu thien chi. sai trai. thii dich ve Viet Nam, kip thdi giai toa nhung van de ma du luan qudc te quan tam. kien quyet bao ve dde lap, chii quyen toan ven lanh thd qudc gia. Thir tu; tdng ciedng thdng tin quoc ti cho nhdn ddn trong niedc. Thdng tin kip thdi, chinh xac, dung dinh hudng tinh hinh chinh tri, kinh te, van boa xa hdi tren the gidi cho nhan dan trong nudc, giup nhan dan ta hieu biet can ban, chinh xac tinh hinh qude te, tren co sd dd se hieu rd hon cac ehu truang, chinh sach ddi ngoai cua Dang, Nha nude va ed thai dp, lap trudng. quan diem dung dan trudc eae van de, su kien tren the gidi, ddng thdi cd nhirng phan img kip thdi, phii hgp vdi eae sy kien, dien bien dd. Viec cung cap thdng tin qude te kip thdi, chinh xac cdn la co sd cho cac nba lanh dao, cac nha hoaeh dinh ehinh sach, cae chinh tri gia xae dinh va dua ra nhiing chii truang sat vdi tinh hinh the gidi. Ndi dung thdng tin qudc te cdn gdp phan phd bien eai mdi, cai dep. nhiing kinh nghiem ve mpi mat xay dimg va phat trien dat nudc eiia ban be the gidi, thiic day. khuyen khich sy hpc hdi, van dyng sang tao kinh nghiem nudc ngoaitrong hoan eanh 72 NGHIEN CLfu CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°03 (126).2011 Viet Nam. Do vay, cdng tae thdng tin qudc te duge thyc hien vdi nhiing ndi dung sang tao, phii hgp vdi ban sac van boa dan tdc, phuc vu vice thyc hien dudng ldi, chinh sach ciia Dang va Nha nudc, ddng thdi dam bao the hien sy da chieu, da phuong dien va sy khach quan ciia thdng tin. 3. Bam sat ddi tuong TTDN Ddi tugng TTDN khae co ban vdi thdng tin ddi ndi. Ddi tugng ciia thdng tin ddi ndi la can bd. dang vien va mpi tang ldp nhan dan trong nude. Tuyet dai da sd ddi tugng nay tin tudng vao sy lanh dao ciia Dang, nhat tri vdi dudng ldi, chinh sach ciia Nba nude. Ngudi lam cdng tac thdng tin va ddi tugng thdng tin ciing chung ehi hudng, cac tu duy va suy nghT. Ngugc lai, trong TTDN, giiia ngudi lam thdng tin va ddi tugng can thdng tin cd sir khac nhau, tham chi ddi khi ddi lap ve each tu duy, each suy nghT, van hoa, truyen thdng, phong tyc tap quan. Ddi tugng ciia TTDN gdm nhieu tang ldp, giai cap, thanh phan xa hdi vdi trinh dp nhan thue, hieu biet va cd mdi quan tam khae nhau den Viet Nam. Dd la nhan dan tat ea cac nude tren the gidi, dac biet la cac nudc lang gieng, cac nudc trong khu vyc, cae nudc Idn, cac trung tam kinh te - chinh tri - xa hdi Idn va cac ban be truyen thdng Ve CO ban, cd the chia ddi tugng ciia boat ddng TTDN thanh 4 nhdm lan, trong do ed 3 nhdm mang tinh dgc thii: Nhom thit nhdt: nhan ddn, chinh phu cdc niedc trin thi gi&i. Day la nhdm ddi tugng Idn nhat ciia cdng tac TTDN, trong dd can tap trung cung cap thdng tin cho cac nudc lang gieng, cac nudc trong khu vyc, cae nudc Idn, cac trung tam kinh te - chinh tri - xa hdi Idn, cac nudc ban be truyen thdng va cac nudc cd ddng cdng ddng ngudi Viet Nam sinh sdng. Trong mdi nude, tap trung vao ehinh gidi, cac nha kinh doanh, tri thirc, dpi ngii ngudi lam bao chi, xuat ban, cac nha Viet Nam hpc, nhirng ban be cd thien chi vdi Viet Nam - nhting ngudi la cau ndi Viet Nam vdi the gidi. Nhdm thi'e hai: ngudi nudc ngodi sinh song, ldm viic, hpc tap, du lich a Viit Nam. Dd la nhiing ngudi nude ngoai dang lam viec trong cae doan ngoai giao, dai dien cac td chirc ehinh phii nudc ngoai, cac td chirc qudc te, cac td chire phi chinh phii qude te d Viet Nam, gidi dau tu kinh doanh, chuyen gia nudc ngoaitrong eae ITnh vyc, phdng vien thudng trii cac co quan thdng tan, bao chi. cac doan khach vieng tham, du lich, luu hpc sinh nudc ngoai. Trong dd. can bet sire chu y den dpi ngii phdng vien nudc ngoai thudng tni tai Viet Nam, dpi ngii doanh nhan dang lam an tai Viet Nam, cac dai sii quan, cac co quan dai dien nude ngoai va qude td tai Viet Nam. Nhiing thdng tin do hp "phat lai'" o nude ngoai thudng mang lai hieu qua eao hon. Nhdm thu ba: cpng ddng ngirdi Viit Nam d nuac ngodi (NVNONN). Ddn nay cd gan 4 trieu ngudi Viet Nam dang sinh sdng tai ban IOO nudc va vimg lanh thd. trons dd da sd la d cac nudc edng nghiep phat tridn. Ngudi Viet Nam ra nudc ngoai vi nhidu ly Qtf«</ eu'd'ufi eoitff, tcie tlidtui tin 73 do va bang cac con dudng khae nhau, song da phan ai cimg hudng ve Td qude, noi hp cdn cd td tien, que huang, gia dinh, ngudi I than, ban be. Dang va Nha nudc ta ludn ludn ' coi cdng ddng NVNONN la mdt bd phan khdng tach rdi ciia cdng ddng dan tdc Viet Nam. Khi lam eho hp bieu dimg tinh hinh dat i nudc, hp se ty tin ban. ehii ddng ban trong quan he vdi nude sd tai va trd thanh lye I lupng lam TTDN ngay tai noi hp cu trii. Nhdm title tie: nhan ddn trong nudc. [ Nhan dan trong nude vii'a la lye lugng thyc hien, vira la ddi tugng hudng tdi eiia TTDN. Trong bdi eanh hdi nhap qudc te hien nay, nhu eau thdng tin qude te ciia nhan dan trong nudc ngay cang tang. Ben canh dd, TTDN eiing dau tranh du luan nham vach tran cac am muu, hanh ddng, luan dieu kich ddng, chdng pha, xuyen tac ve Viet Nam, giup nhan dan ta hieu rd ban muc dich, thii doan cua nhii'ng hanh ddng, luan dieu do. 4. Xae dinh diing dia ban TTDN TTDN dugc trien khai tren ca dia ban trong nudc (TTDN tai chd) va d hau khap cae nude, eae viing lanh thd, cac khu vyc, chau luc tren the gidi (TTDN ra ngoai). TTDN phai dugc thyc hien ddng bd, rdng khap nhung phai cd trpng tam, trpng diem de dat hieu qua cao. O dia ban ngoai nudc, cdng tac TTDN can chii trpng den cac nudc lang gieng (Trung Qude, Lao, Campuehia), cac nudc trong khu vyc (ASEAN, Ddng A), cac nudc ban be truyen thdng (Ddng Au, My Latinh), hudng tdi nhirng khu vyc cd ddng edng ddng ngudi Viet Nam sinh sdng (Bac My, Ddng Au, Tay Au, Ddng A, Oxtraylia) va cac trung tam chinh tri, kinh te Idn, cac nudc Idn. Vdi cac dia ban nay, ddi hdi phai tap trung ngudn lye de nam bat nhu cau thdng tin eiing nhu td chirc phuang tien, lye lugng cung cap thdng tin. Vdi dia ban trong nudc ciing can ehii trpng bdi day la noi sinh sdng, lam vide, kinh doanh va hpc tap, du lich ciia rat nhieu ngudi nudc ngoai. TTDN tai chd cd rat nhieu thuan lgi ve phuong tien truyen tai, nhung rat khd khan ve dinh hudng thdng tin. Ranh gidi tach bach giiia TTDN va ddi ndi ngay cang giam bdt y nghTa, cac bao chi, an pham ddi ngoai (bang tieng nudc ngoai, danh cho ddi tugng ngudi nudc ngoai) ehi cd y nghTa nhat dinh cho mdt sd ddi tupng, trong khi bao chi ddi ndi (bang tieng Viet) dang thuc sy la thdng tin ehu yeu va quan trpng de eae ddi tugng nudc ngoai khai thac, sir dyng va dua tin ve Viet Nam, nhat la cac van de lien quan den ndi bd eua ta. C) dia ban trong nude, TTDN can phdi hop vdi thdng tin ddi ndi de dam bao hieu qua ciia ca hai tuyen thdng tin nay. Dia ban, ddi tugng ciia edng tae TTDN rat phong phii, da dang nham tan dung mpi dieu kien thuan lgi de lam cho the gidi hieu dung va kip thdi ve tinh hinh Viet Nam, tranh thu mpi sy img hd va giiip dd cua khap nai tren the gidi, quang ba hinh anh Viet Nam va thu hiit dau tu nudc ngoai cho phat trien dat nudc. Trong cdng tac TTDN phai biet tuy tieng dia bdn, ddi tugng vd yeu edu 74 NGHIEN CGU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°03 (126).2011 cita tieng luc md xdc dinh npi dung vd hinh thiec thdng tin cho thich hop. cd trong tdm, trong diem". 5. Tang cudng luc luong tien hanh TTDN Xuat phat tir tam quan trpng. yeu cau ciia TTDN. Dang va Nha nude ta ludn xac dinh viec thyc hien TTDN la nhiem \'u ciia ca he thdng chinh tri. Cac ea quan Dang, Nba nude, doan the chinh tri, xa hdi, quan chiing nhan dan, cac cap, cac dia phuo'ng, cac bd, nganh, cac phuong tien thdng tin dai chiing. cac nha xuat ban. cae hdi van hpc nghe thuat. cac dai sii' quan. cac co quan dai dien ciia Viet Nam d nude ngoai, cac doan Viet Nam ra nudc ngoai. cac co sd doanh nghiep. nhii'ng ngudi Viet Nam di cdng tac, lao ddng va hpc tap, sinh sdng d nude ngoai deu phai lam T'f DN. deu phai cd trach nhiem tien hanh hoat ddng TTDN. dua hinh anh Viet Nam den vdi ban be qudc te. Ndng edt trong vide thirc hien cdng tac TTDN la cae don vi chuyen trach TTDN. Lye lupng nay can khdng ngiing duge md rdng. Idn manli vdi nhieu tuyen, nhieu phuang tien ca d trung iro'ng. dia phuang. Trong sd dd phai ke tdi sy phat trien manh me ciia lye lugng truyen thdng dai chiing, dien hinh la cac CO quan thdng tan, bao chi, xuat ban. Vdi lye lugng manh me ciia minh, cac phuang tien truyen thdng dai ehiing la mdt trong nhirng lye lugng TTDN ndng edt, chii lye. - Chi thi sd 11/CT-TW, ngay 13/6/1992 ciia Ban Bi thu Trung uong ve ddi mdi va tang cudng cdng tac thdns tin ddi ngoai. TTDN cdn can sy tham gia ciia tat ca cac tinh, thanh phd, dac biet la eae thanh jihd Idn. cac tinh cd quan he ddi ngoai manh me, cd the manh ve thu hut diu tu nude ngoai. phat trien ngoai thuong, du lich qudc tc. i rong sy phat trien chung ciia cac luc lugng f'fDN. ngoai cac boat ddng ddi ngoai cua l)ang \a Nha nude, cac boat ddng ngoai giao nhan dan, cac boat ddng kinh tc, van hda, the thao. du lich eiing gdp phan tich eye thuc hien cdng tae TTDN. Cd the ndi. mpi co- quan. td chuc. dia phuong va cdng dan Viet Nam deu phai cd trach nhiem lam TTDN, nhat la khi td chirc doan ra nudc ngoai hoac ddn doan nudc ngoai vao Viet Nam. Ket hgp chat che \'icc td chirc lye lugng trong nude vdi viec trien khai thdng tin d nude ngoai, giira thdng tin ddi ndi vdi TTDN, giira ddi ngoai Dang, ngoai giao Nha nudc va ddi ngoai nhan dan. tao da pha huy su'c manh tdng hop eua cac lye lugng TTDN. Trong qua trinh hdi nhap qudc te. nhu cau thdng tin ve Viet Nam va the gidi dang tang nhanb. Dd la co sd de nhan dan ta va nhan dan the gidi, de cac nudc hieu biet \-c nhau, de hgp tac va cimg phat trien. TTDN dang hang ngay dua Viet Nam den vdi ihi gidi vd dua the gidi den vdi Viel Nam. TTDN vdi vai trd to Idn va hoat done tich eye ciia minh da va dang ddng gop ngay cang to Idn cho cdng tac ddi ngoai cua Dang, Nha nudc va nhan dan ta hien nay. gop phin tich eye de thye hien thang lgi sy riLiliiep xay dyng va bao ve Td qudc./. _^ i . ciedng thdng tin quoc ti cho nhdn ddn trong niedc. Thdng tin kip thdi, chinh xac, dung dinh hudng tinh hinh chinh tri, kinh te, van boa xa hdi tren the gidi cho nhan dan trong nudc,. ciia thdng tin. 3. Bam sat ddi tuong TTDN Ddi tugng TTDN khae co ban vdi thdng tin ddi ndi. Ddi tugng ciia thdng tin ddi ndi la can bd. dang vien va mpi tang ldp nhan dan trong nude bieu dimg tinh hinh dat i nudc, hp se ty tin ban. ehii ddng ban trong quan he vdi nude sd tai va trd thanh lye I lupng lam TTDN ngay tai noi hp cu trii. Nhdm title tie: nhan ddn trong