Unit 10 Recycling I Vocabulary reuse (v) sử dụng lại, tái sử dụng dry (v) press (v) sấy khô nhấn, đẩy representative (n) đại diện bucket (n) xô, gàu natural resources (n) năng lượng tự nhiên wooden (a[.]
Unit 10: Recycling I Vocabulary - dry (v) sấy khô - reuse (v) sử dụng lại, tái sử dụng - press (v) nhấn, đẩy - representative (n) đại diện - bucket (n) xô, gàu - natural resources (n) lượng tự nhiên - wooden (a) gỗ, giống gỗ - reduce (v) làm giảm - mash (v) nghiền, ép - explain (v) giải thích - mixture (n) pha trộn, hỗn hợp - overpackaged (a) đóng gói - pull out (v) khỏi, rời - look for (v) tìm kiếm - sunlight (n) ánh nắng mặt trời - metal (n) kim loại - scatter (v) rải, rắc, phân tán - vegetable matter (n) vấn đề rau - passive form hình thức bị động - fabric (n) sợi (vải) - detergent liquid (n) dung dịch giặt tẩy - leather (n) da - dip (v) nhúng, nhận chìm vào - belong to (v) thuộc - intended shape (n) hình dạng định sẵn - compost (n) phân xanh - mankind (n) nhân loại - grain product (n) sản phẩm từ ngũ cốc - delighted (a) vui sướng, vui mừng - heap (n) đống - congratulation (n) lời chúc mừng - car tire (n) lốp xe - confirm (v) xác định - pipe (n) ống nước - glassware (n) đồ dùng thủy tinh - sandal (n) dép xăng đan II Structures - milkman (n) người đưa sữa - We should use cloth bags instead of plastic bags - refill (v) làm đầy lại Chúng ta nên sử dụng túi vải thay cho túi nilông - industry (n) công nghiệp - The glass is broken into small pieces - melt (v) tan ra, chảy Chiếc cốc bị vỡ thành nhiều mảnh nhỏ - deposit tiền đặt cọc - It’s difficult to follow your directions - dung (n) phân bón Thật khó mà theo dẫn bạn - soak (n) nhúng nước, ngâm nước - wrap (v) gói, bọc mừng bạn muốn biết nhiều - mix (v) trộn - I am pleased that you want to know more Tôi mừng bạn muốn biết nhiều II Grammar: Passive (câu bị động) STRUCTURE Active: S+V+O Passive: S + to be + pp + (by O) Thì Chủ động Bị động Hiện đơn S + V(s/es) + O Ex: Mary studies English every day S+ am/is/are + pp + (by O) Ex: English is studied by Mary everyday Hiện tiếp diễn S + is/am/are + V-ing + O Ex: He is planting some trees now S + am/is/are + being + pp+ (by O) Ex: Some trees are being planted (by him) now Quá khứ S + Ved/2 + O đơn Ex: She wrote a letter yesterday S + was/were + pp + (by O) Ex: A letter was written (by her) yesterday Quá khứ S + was/were + V-ing + O tiếp diễn Ex: They were buying a car at am yesterday S + was/were + being + pp + (by O) Ex: A car was being bought at am yesterday Hiện S + have/ has + pp + O S + have/ has + been + pp + (by O) hoàn thành Ex: My parents have given me a new bike Ex: A new bike has been given to me by my on my birthday parents on my birthday Quá khứ S + had + pp + O hoàn thành Ex: He had finished his report before 10 p.m yesterday S + had + been + pp + (by O) Ex: His report had been finished before 10 p.m yesterday Tương lai đơn S + will + V + O Ex: She will a lot of things tomorrow S + will + be + pp + (by O) Ex: A lot of things will be done tomorrow Modal verbs S + modal verb + V + O Exercise Câu bị động đơn He opens the door …………………………………………………………… We set the table …………………………………………………………… She pays a lot of money …………………………………………………………… I draw a picture …………………………………………………………… They wear blue shoes …………………………………………………………… They don't help you …………………………………………………………… He doesn't open the book …………………………………………………………… You don’t write the letter …………………………………………………………… Somebody hit me …………………………………………………………… 10 John collects stamps S + modal verb + be + pp + (by O) …………………………………………………………… 11 We don’t clean our rooms …………………………………………………………… 12 My sister cooks meals every day …………………………………………………………… 13 People always admire this picture …………………………………………………………… 14 Mary types letters in the office …………………………………………………………… 15 People see the valley from the top of the hill …………………………………………………………… 16 The students always erase the chalk board after class …………………………………………………………… 17 Our friends send these postcards …………………………………………………………… 18 They keep this room tidy all the time …………………………………………………………… 19 People play football all over the world …………………………………………………………… 20 My mother usually bakes cookies …………………………………………………………… Câu bị động khứ đơn Peter broke this bottle …………………………………………………………… They sent present last week …………………………………………………………… She gave more information …………………………………………………………… The children looked at the woman …………………………………………………………… The policeman kept me for an hour …………………………………………………………… He spelt this word wrongly …………………………………………………………… They cleaned the floor …………………………………………………………… He picked up the gun …………………………………………………………… We stopped the bus …………………………………………………………… 10 A thief stole my car …………………………………………………………… 11 She didn't win the prize …………………………………………………………… 12 They didn't make their beds …………………………………………………………… 13 My mother cleaned the floor yesterday …………………………………………………………… 14 My father watered these flowers …………………………………………………………… 15 John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night …………………………………………………………… Câu bị động với modal verbs Jane will buy a new computer …………………………………………………………… He will not it …………………………………………………………… They will not show the new film …………………………………………………………… They will not ask him …………………………………………………………… William will not repair the car …………………………………………………………… I will ask a question …………………………………………………………… His father will help you tomorrow …………………………………………………………… They will hold the meeting …………………………………………………………… You mustn’t use this machine …………………………………………………………… 10 Tom will visit his parents next month …………………………………………………………… 12 We must finish the test before ten …………………………………………………………… 13 They can’t make tea with cold water …………………………………………………………… 14 We should clean our teeth twice a day …………………………………………………………… 15.The manager will phone the secretary this morning …………………………………………………………… Câu bị động với hồn thành Nancy has paid the bill …………………………………………………………… I have eaten a hamburger …………………………………………………………… I have opened the present …………………………………………………………… Ann had fed the cats …………………………………………………………… They have not read the book …………………………………………………………… You have not sent letter …………………………………………………………… They have not caught the thieves …………………………………………………………… We have done our homework …………………………………………………………… My friend has written a emails for hours …………………………………………………………… 10 They had finished their work …………………………………………………………… 11 Our teachers have explained the English grammar …………………………………………………………… MORE PRACTICE Exercise Put these sentences into the passive voice The mechanic is repairing Judy’s car …………………………………………………………… They use a computer to that job nowadays …………………………………………………………… Employers must pay all travel expenses for this training course …………………………………………………………… They used to drink beer for breakfast in England years ago …………………………………………………………… Someone might have sent the letter to the wrong address …………………………………………………………… They are digging the hole on the wrong side of the road …………………………………………………………… They are going to steal your money if you’re not careful …………………………………………………………… Alan’s knowledge of art doesn’t impress me …………………………………………………………… How people make candles? …………………………………………………………… 10 Nobody informed the police that there had been a mistake …………………………………………………………… 11 Where will your company send you next year? …………………………………………………………… 12 Who looked after the children when you were away? …………………………………………………………… 13 Look! Someone is feeding the seals …………………………………………………………… 14 Kathy had returned the book to the library …………………………………………………………… 15 Is a student pilot flying that airplane? …………………………………………………………… 16 Where did they hold the 1988 Olympic Games? …………………………………………………………… Exercise Change active to passive, paying close attention to special structures Parents always give me proper encouragement …………………………………………………………… They asked me some difficult questions at the interview …………………………………………………………… He won’t let you that silly thing again …………………………………………………………… The real estate office will send you a copy of the sales contract …………………………………………………………… I didn’t expect the police to find my car …………………………………………………………… My father is painting our house …………………………………………………………… My sister was buying some food at 11 a.m yesterday …………………………………………………………… My brother uses a pencil to draw beautiful pictures …………………………………………………………… Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen …………………………………………………………… 9.Did Mary this beautiful dress? …………………………………………………………… 10.I won’t hang these old pictures in the living room …………………………………………………………… 11.The German didn’t build this factory during the Second World War …………………………………………………………… 12.The Greens are going to paint this house and these cars for Christmas Day …………………………………………………………… 13.The students have discussed the pollution problems since last week …………………………………………………………… 14.Some people will interview the new president on TV …………………………………………………………… 15.How many languages they speak in Canada? …………………………………………………………… 16.Are you going to repair those shoes? …………………………………………………………… 17.He has broken his nose in a football match …………………………………………………………… ... STRUCTURE Active: S+V+O Passive: S + to be + pp + (by O) Thì Chủ động Bị động Hiện đơn S + V(s/es) + O Ex: Mary studies English every day S+ am/is/are + pp + (by O) Ex: English is studied by... this picture …………………………………………………………… 14 Mary types letters in the office …………………………………………………………… 15 People see the valley from the top of the hill …………………………………………………………… 16 The students always... + O hoàn thành Ex: He had finished his report before 10 p.m yesterday S + had + been + pp + (by O) Ex: His report had been finished before 10 p.m yesterday Tương lai đơn S + will + V + O Ex: She