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ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title 10 Website Design & Development Submission date 11/12/2022 Date Received 1st submission Re submission[.]
ASSIGNMENT FRONT SHEET Qualification BTEC Level HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title 10: Website Design & Development Submission date 11/12/2022 Date Received 1st submission Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name Thai Van Chien Student ID GCH210162 Class GCH1103 Assessor name Lai Manh Dung Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice Student’s signature Chien Grading grid P1 P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 M3 D1 Summative Feedback: Grade: Signature & Date: Resubmission Feedback: Assessor Signature: Date: Assignment Web Design & Development Table of Contents Introduction to Web How the Web works? Hosting The popular common hosting Definition of DNS The purpose of DNS Types of DNS How DNS are organised and managed? Communication Protocols 10 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) 11 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) 12 Server Hardware 13 Operating Systems 14 Servers Software 15 Front-End 16 Back-End 17 Differences between front-end and back-end 18 Databases 19 IDEs 20 CMS 21 Website Builders(WIX) 22 User Experience (UX) and User Interface (UI) 23 The differences between online website creation tools and custom built sites Introduction to Web How the Web works? Hosting Hosting is web hosting and maintenance services To function, your web needs to be hosted on a server that connects to the internet and works continuously Hosting is used to store the content of websites, mail services, FTPs, Without hosting, the website can only work on your computer Only you see and use that website With web hosting, anyone can search and access your website if they have the correct domain or IP address The popular common hosting Definition of DNS DNS (Domain Name System) is a domain name system that converts human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses This makes DNS the 'phone book of the internet' as it is a directory that allows users to access IP addresses associated with specific addresses in their browser The purpose of DNS DNS service is a globally distributed service that translates humanreadable names such as www.example.com into numeric IP addresses such as 192.168.0.1 that computers use to connect to each other The Internet's DNS system works like a phone book by managing the mapping between names and numbers DNS servers translate name requests into IP addresses, controlling the server that end users will access when they enter a domain name into their web browser These requests are called queries V Relationships Between Communication Protocols, Server Hardware, Operating Systems and Web Server Software Communication Protocol: The protocol defines rules, syntax, semantics and communication synchronization and possibly error recovery methods Protocols can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of both Server Hardware: Hardware represents all the physical things that you can touch and see that are merged and built together into a single entity called a Personal Computer (PC) It could be a laptop or even your smart device in this case Operating System: The operating system (OS) is working on the hardware An operating system is software that gives you an interface to be able to communicate with the hardware Well, of course, there's more The operating system communicates with the kernel by using device drivers to send "commands" to the hardware to the things you want Server Software: Organize communication between users and systems • • • • Provide resources for programs and how the organization implements them The organization stores information on external storage, provides search engines and accesses information Software testing and support for peripherals for convenient and efficient mining A support utility system C EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF COMMON WEB DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGIES AND FRAMEWORKS WITH REGARDS TO WEBSITE DESIGN, FUNCTIONALITY AND MANAGEMENT I Web Application Technologies and Frameworks Web application development has become an inevitable need for businesses of all types and sizes, regardless of their value proposition Therefore, there are popular technologies available for web development such as CSS, HTML, JS that are considered the foundation of modern web development However, web development using only pure technologies such as CSS, HTML, JS will take a lot of time, effort and it is difficult to satisfy users, customers, and businesses because of their minimalism That said, there are several ways to develop a web application, the most common of which is to use frameworks Frameworks have become an essential component of the web development world as the level of online application increases and the level of technological complexity also increases Instead of recreating the wheel, validation within the framework is a strategy Frameworks assist programmers in creating complex, interactive programs Currently, there are many useful technologies and frameworks for web development available for web developer: • • • • • • Angular JS: Basically, it is an open-source JavaScript framework that can help you make single website applications get the truth using the MVC (Model-Controller-View) architecture template React.js: An open-source JavaScript library, React.js is maintained by Facebook while being supported by a working pre-work tutorial that manages the large community of responsive developers Although it is an ecommerce website development tool, React.js is particularly useful in developing user interfaces for website applications Node.JS: When it comes to creating a lightweight yet extremely efficient website, Node.js is an unquestionable choice It's amazing how well it works with real-time applications that process large volumes of data across multiple distributed devices jQuery This is more of a JavaScript library that aims to perform browsing and manipulation of the HTML DOM tree, as well as event processing CSS and Ajax animations, easier jQuery allows developers to create plugins on top of JavaScript libraries Laravel: Laravel is a well-known PHP framework for web artists that allows you to build a website without worrying about small details Bootstrap: the most popular CSS framework for responsive and mobile-first websites, an open-source toolkit for HTML, CSS, and JS development Frameworks are used to create both back-end applications and user interfaces These frameworks primarily facilitate the construction of web applications, websites, and APIs You can think of them as libraries that make creating web applications faster and easier Developers are constantly looking for service providers that are up to date with the latest web development technologies If you're looking for a framework to support your business, we'll help you come up with a list of the best options available Abou FOR, we have compiled a list of the best front-end and back-end web development technologies and frameworks: W3CSS, Bootstraps, jQuery II Evaluation the Impact of Web Technologies and Frameworks → Interface and user experience: The Internet is a very different world a decade ago Smartphones have not yet been invented Web applications that are simpler to use and more user-focused are in great demand The simplest UI components often have the greatest impact Websites must be responsive enough to operate on\n smaller screens in the 4.0 era If your web applications are annoying or confusing to customers, it will be difficult to keep them coming back to your website Another aspect of the site that many developers overlook is navigation Your site visitors will have a better experience if you use the right navigation Without a learning curve, visual navigation takes your readers to the information they desire Visitors get content quickly due to easy navigation → Scalability: Scalability refers to the ability to use computer power and bandwidth efficiently It's all about load balancing on servers, so if demand increases (i.e., the number of visitors to the page increases), then more servers can be added to help balance things out Instead of putting all the burden on one server, the program should be designed to run in a cluster of computers As more servers are deployed, a service-oriented architecture (SOA) can support scalability SOA allows you to make changes quickly In a service-oriented architecture, application components provide services to other components through a network that uses a communication protocol → Performance: It is impossible to emphasize the importance of site speed to the success of a website When it comes to running an online business, every second matters Slow loading online applications are a vulnerability As a result, customers leave your website, leading to loss of income and brand damage When creating a web application, keep performance in mind To mention some of the performance difficulties including incorrect code, unoptimized databases, unmanaged growth data, traffic spikes, insufficient load distribution, default setup errors, and third-party service failures A content delivery network is a global proxy network of computers spread across multiple data centers (CDNs) It denotes the use of a network of servers rather than a single web server Server requests will be routed to multiple servers to balance traffic, and content will be distributed across various CDNs to ensure that there are no delays when downloading different items such as photos, videos, texts, etc → Framework: A framework is a must-have tool in the web development process It is very important for programmers Frameworks are the starting point for development languages: they improve efficiency, provide code libraries, and expand capabilities so that developers don't have to design web applications from scratch head Frameworks provide models, APIs, snippets, and other components for developing dynamic web applications Some frameworks take a more rigorous approach to development than others ASP.Net and Ruby on Rails are two popular web frameworks The web platform provides client libraries for creating online programs and websites built on top of existing frameworks As a result, the relevance of the Framework is clear D REVIEW THE INFLUENCE OF SEARCH ENGINES ON WEBSITE PERFORMANCE AND PROVIDE EVIDENCE-BASED SUPPORT FOR IMPROVING A SITE’S INDEX VALUE AND RANK THROUGH SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION I Search engine definition Search engines are Internet-based software that searches databases of information to find answers to user queries The tool returns a list of results that best match the user's search criteria All search engine data is collected by crawlers that access and collect information from every page on the Internet • Data on a page is processed and indexed after it is crawled This usually requires the steps outlined below • • • Removed all stop words Make a list of the remaining terms on the page, as well as how often they appear Make a list of links of other pages Record any images, sounds, or embedded media that appear on the page II Consider Search Engine Influence on Website Performance A lot of factors are used to rank search results Keyword density, speed, and links are examples of these factors The goal of search engines is to provide the most relevant results to users More than half of visitors and users come to websites through search engines, and most of them say that they always or almost always find the information they are looking for when using a search engine Search engines are gradually becoming an important channel to increase global reach as well as compete with larger companies A website may be one of the first few results returned from a relevant search engine query using a Search Engine This refers to information that is available and accessible to certain audiences It's an increase in visibility, which means more people will visit our site Search engine optimization improves its ranking in the search engine results page, which is owned by small businesses that cannot afford other marketing channels to enhance their business visibility It is pointed out that some companies whose websites appear at the top of the Search Engine Results Page have all adopted good SEO Many experts in this field argue that the search engine is not only a useful information tool but also an important change agent in the business world, making it more transparent and competitive through SEO that directly contributes to attracting new customers III Evidence-based support to improve a website's value and index ranking through search engine optimization Good keyword research High result page rankings are not always guaranteed by strong and well-chosen Match Keywords However, they can make you extremely competitive for the top spot in the search results Start your site's name with Keywords, every aspect of your website can help your website improve its search visibility Because if the user searches for different topics, it will customize the title and tagline in the Appearance page, both of which are searchable If a website's domain name doesn't contain Keywords or a description of its website, then adding keywords wherever possible in these two lines can help make the site more search engine friendly Therefore, it is necessary to independently check the performance of each keyword on Google This process of objective testing will only take a little time, but it will help to find possibilities for higher-performing keywords Website Maximization One of the best SEO options is to optimize your website to maximize the effectiveness of your SEO strategy Visitors can still exit your site if they're unimpressed, no matter how effective your SEO marketing is In fact, if your website isn't userfriendly and unattractive in the first place, then you'll have a high bounce rate Make sure your website is mobile-friendly to get the most out of your SEO efforts This ensures that anyone can visit your website and view its content comfortably on any screen This is important because many users will perform business-related searches on their mobile devices It should also be simple to navigate your site The menu tabs should be clear and distinct Ensure that users can quickly access the most important information, such as contact information, product preferences, and FAQ pages Finally, make sure that no content on the web has any grammar or spelling issues The text should be simple to read and skim Break long paragraphs into manageable sections, including bullet points and headings! Create relevant content: Because Google's algorithm or other browser has worked to provide the most relevant content for each search query as well as the authority in its field Any site with poorly optimized or unauthorized content will be selected by the web crawler Don't put yourself at risk of being flagged by Google! Furthermore, the right content can engage with your customers in a way that helps them navigate the conversion process more securely Customers place a higher value on materials that are both useful and smart The same can be said about the brand Website Advertising Blogging A blog is a great link for any type of SEO It allows you to communicate with clients on relevant topics, making it one of the most comprehensive SEO solutions on the market A blog also provides you with new information on a regular basis, which is beneficial for SEO Small businesses with only a few websites and one or two social media profiles will benefit from this On a weekly basis, more optimized content equates to more engagement with search engine visitors Maintain a blog on your website with at least one new post per week Each post should be optimized for several Keywords and new posts should be shared on social media sites Manage short and descriptive URLs: Individual pages can be searched using keywords in the URL Select the URL from the Settings tab in the web's dashboard and choose a structure that includes aspects of the post and page name – which must also contain nicherelated keywords – from the available capabilities Internal links, as well as backlinks from external sites that reference the site and its content, all contribute to improving search rankings Add links to other pages or posts on the site, such as archived articles or pages that provide more information, inside the content of each post or production page Optimize media data: Images and media can also be SEO optimized using a website's media management tools to include keyword-rich titles, captions, and 'alt' text Customizing these settings whenever an image, video, or audio is embedded on a website can provide more opportunities to improve searchability E DISCUSS THE CAPABILITIES AND RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FRONT-END AND BACK-END WEBSITE TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPLAIN HOW THESE RELATE TO PRESENTATION AND APPLICATION LAYERS I Front-End The front-end of a website is the part that interacts with the user Everything you see when navigating the Internet, from fonts and colors to drop-down menus and sliders, is a combination of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript controlled by your computer browser The purpose of web design is to make the web experience easier for users This can be very annoying when users surfing the web experience slow loading and the web resolution is not compatible with the device Frontend developers need to make sure that their website is guaranteed good display quality on different browsers, operating systems, and terminals Front-End Languages → HTML: HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language It is used to design the user interface section of websites in markup language HTML is a combination of Hypertext and Markup Language Hypertext defines links between web pages → CSS: Cascading Style Sheets or affectionately known as CSS is a language designed simply to simplify the process of making web pages visible CSS allows you to apply styles to web pages → JavaScript: JavaScript is a well-known scripting language used to create magic on websites to make websites interact with users It is used to enhance the functionality of a website to run interesting games and web-based software Applicable in both the front-end and back-end, JavaScript is the key to becoming a good developer Front-End Libraries and Frameworks → AngularJS: AngularJs is an open-source JavaScript user interface framework, mainly used to develop single-page web applications (SPA) It is a framework that is constantly evolving and expanding, providing better ways to develop web applications It changes static HTML to dynamic HTML This is an open-source project that can be free It extends HTML attributes with Directives and data associated with HTML → React.js: React is a declarative, efficient and flexible JavaScript library for building user interfaces ReactJS is an open-source component-based user interface library responsible only for the application’s viewing layer It is maintained by Facebook Moreover, ReactJs makes front-end development very easy → Bootstrap: Bootstrap is a collection of free and open source tools for creating responsive websites and web applications It is the most common HTML, CSS, and JavaScript framework for developing responsive, mobile-first websites → jQuery: jQuery is an open-source JavaScript library that simplifies interactions between HTML\/CSS documents or, more precisely, the Document Object Model (DOM) and JavaScript Building terms, jQuery simplifies browsing and manipulating HTML documents, browser event processing, DOM animation, Ajax interaction, and JavaScript development across multiple browsers II Back-End Back-End are all parts that support the operation of a website or application that cannot be seen by the user Arguably the Back-End is like a human brain It handles the correct requests, commands, and information selection to display on the screen The backend of any website is made up of components: server, application, and database Thanks to it, the website works efficiently, providing accurate information at a fast speed to users When building the BackEnd, developers also use programming languages to design website structures similar to FrontEnd such as HTML, JavaScript, CSS,… Besides, the BackEnd development software stacks that are used and worked with regularly are operating systems, web servers, languages, APA programming, frameworks Software stack means that technologies are stacked to make up the server environment Some well-known and commonly used web stacks today are MEAN, LAMP, NET Languages, APA programming, frameworks are responsible for displaying the web to the server to operate application programs for users Back-End Languages → HP: PHP is a server-side scripting language designed specifically for web development Since PHP code is executed on the server side, it is called a server-side scripting language → C++: It is a general-purpose programming language and today is widely used for competitive programming It is also used as an auxiliary language → Java: Java is one of the most popular and widely used programming languages and platforms It is highly scalable → Python: Python is a programming language that allows you to work quickly and integrate systems more efficiently → Node.js: Node.js is an open source and cross-platform runtime environment for executing JavaScript code outside the browser You need to remember that NodeJS is not a framework and it is not a programming language Most people are confused and understand it as a framework or programming language Back-End Frameworks → Express: Express is a Nodejs framework used for backend\/server-side development It is used to build single-page, multi-page, and hybrid web applications With its help, you can handle a variety of HTTP requests → Django: Django is a Python web-based, model-model-view framework It is used to build large and complex web applications Its features include fast, secure, and scalable Ruby on Rails: Ruby on Rails is a server-side framework model-view-controller architecture It provides default structures such as web services, websites, and databases III Relationship Between Front-End and Back-End Front-end is the user interface/client and the code/tools associated with it, while the back end is the server-side and the code/tools associated with it UI tools and code are CSS, HTML and JavaScript as well as many tools and frameworks that work with these technologies and this will be how User/Human will interact with the application The back end communicates over the internet in response to requests through a protocol called "http" which facilitates requests/responses in the form of "packets" over a network or multiple networks The back end will contain some logic in the code (PHP, Python, Java, etc.) that will tell the server what to do, I want to get some data, create new data, update some data, delete some data, etc Then normally the server will communicate with some kind of data storage, such as a database that will store and deliver the data in an orderly manner Of course, it involves more and more processes and technologies, but this is the fundamental relationship between the front-end and the back end, it facilitates human interaction on the browser (or other server only with the back-end via API) and the server/database somewhere on the internet IV How Front-End and Back-End Relate to Presentation and Application Layer For several reasons, system designs are divided into front end and back-end components The most typical method of project breakdown by necessary abilities is in software and web development Professionals like web designers often handle a project's front end while engineers and developers handle the back end The terms "front end" and "back end" can also be used to describe circumstances in which customers can get one perspective while staff can access a different one Customer-facing front end components have access to the back end, but only authorized users have access to it F DISCUSS THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ONLINE WEBSITE CREATION TOOLS AND CUSTOM-BUILT SITES WITH REGARDS TO DESIGN FLEXIBILITY, PERFORMANCE, FUNCTIONALITY, USER EXPERIENCE (UX) AND USER INTERFACE (UI) I Website Builders (WIX) WIX is a website building platform that allows users to create websites online based on drag-and-drop Users can design and build their websites in HTML and mobile websites using drag-and-drop widgets Two common aspects of WIX are that developers can create web applications to market to other users, and users don't need to know any coding to create a website Advantages • • • • WIX's drag-and-drop builders make its editor extremely easy to use, even for beginners with no tech experience Offers a great online store – WIX has a wide selection of e-commerce tools making it a top choice if you're looking to open an online store Something for everyone – Its impressive features and rich app store mean it has the tools you need, no matter what type of website you're building Very flexible and creative freedom, meaning you can easily customize your template so that it looks exactly as you want Disadvantages • • • You can't convert your template after you've published your website without starting from scratch For long-term scalability, you may have to pay extra to install third-party apps You may feel overwhelmed when you first load the WIX editor – there are so many features and design options, you might find it a bit difficult to get started II UI and UX User interface (UI) design is a more technical approach that focuses on improving people's interactions with computers It works by anticipating user requests and creating custom inputs to get them where they need to be and want to be So, the user interface says more about the actual features of the device The total number of experiences consumers get when interacting with a product is called user experience (UX) A user's experience, whether good, bad, or neutral, influences how they feel about those encounters when there's anything for them to interact with The differences between UX and UI are as follows → UX cares about the overall experience and impression it leaves on its users Good UX and bad UX are not tangible things Rather, they are the result of an overall product or service that is clear, intuitive, and easy to use rather than confusing, messy, and annoying The user interface relates to a very specific aspect of the entire experience: the design of the interface that a person uses to interact with a digital product → UX focuses heavily on researching, analyzing, and understanding user needs The user interface is also user-focused but it mainly involves visual and interactive design UI is definitely the more artistic of the two, while UX is more about problem solving → UX is a very broad term that encompasses any and all types of human experiences and interactions, such as going to a library to borrow a book, using an app or website to book a flight, or even going to the dentist User interface design relates only to digital products and experiences, as it is user interface design—the point of contact between humans and computers III The Differences Between Online Website Creation Tools and Custom-Built Sites Flexibility First, when it comes to website flexibility, the online website builder has a pre-made template that helps users see their website at the time of purchase, and the functionality available in the pre-made template is limited so users have to be satisfied with anything They get from the online template as well as the customization option in the template is limited In addition, some websites are not completely SEO friendly and marketing tools as well as users cannot make any changes to the website and web hosting companies also offer hosting and domain services that help users with no coding experience and online well-designed websites with the ability and limited services However, custom built websites are more flexible than online websites, and websites created according to customer requirements help develop more flexibility between web designers and clients In addition, the design, features, colors, fonts, and outlook are made according to customer requirements, and the website has been tested before being deployed to the server, and the FTP server also offers greater flexibility, meaning that web directories can be accessed from the hosted site directly Finally, customers can purchase their own domain name and hosting plan according to their wishes Performance The performance of the online website builder relates very well to the custom builder website because the custom builder website is created with coding that the designer can make mistakes but in the online website builder created by a professional designer, making fewer mistakes increase the performance of websites compared to custom built sites but there are some sites that perform poorly due to lack of proper coding Moreover, we can't completely trust the online site that it will provide fast performance, and the speed of the online site also depends on the coding style as well as sites with more plugins and animations that also make the site slower In addition, the speed of the parties also depends on the server used, as some bad servers will provide poor response from the server and make the performance of the website slower However, a custom-built website has both poor performance and good performance depending on what form the designer they code in, whether the plugin is limited or not, as well as depending on the server used in the site Similarly, professional designers can achieve higher website performance compared to online website creation tools, and if the designer has used high-altitude server and website hosting then it will also help to increase the performance of the website but only some websites have higher performance than online sites, so while creating a website, the client must choose the right designer who can make the website faster and create the website according to their wishes In addition, the use of fewer plugins and animations makes the page load faster, and the use of dynamic content also helps to increase the performance of the page Functionality In the online template functionality has been provided and it is restricted as well as the user cannot make any changes to the template and in the online template, the user must be satisfied with any functionality available on the website In addition, users can't even add or remove functionality and services available in websites and online templates that have limited functionality Users who want to start an e-commerce website cannot use the online template because the ecommerce website needs more functionality But in a custom build, the website designer can increase and decrease the number of functions required by the user Most websites like Facebook, twitter, YouTube use custom build websites because they need more and more functions, the latter can increase or decrease depending on their needs, so most websites prefer custom build websites for more functionality User Experience (UX) User experience is necessary to improve customer satisfaction but in a website template, most users are not satisfied with the design and prospects available in the template nor is it possible to design UX for users Similarly, the main purpose of User Experience is to provide a positive experience that can attract users to the website, however most websites have a good User Experience In addition, users cannot change User Experience to attract visitors, and users must be satisfied with the design provided for User Experience However, the custom build website has a different UI and it can be designed by the designer to attract visitors as well as the UX can be designed in different pages of the same website so that visitors will be attracted to the site and will visit your website continuously to get information available in your website There are various tools to increase UX and it can be built according to customer requirements Furthermore, online templates can't design experiences but in custom builds, website designers can design experiences for users G EVALUATE A RANGE OF TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES AVAILABLE TO DESIGN AND DEVELOP A CUSTOM-BUILT WEBSITE I IDEs General characteristics of an integrated development environment → An IDE usually contains a code editor, compiler or interpreter, and debugger, accessed through a single graphical user interface (GUI) Users write and edit source code in the code editor The compiler translates the source code into a language that is readable and executable on a computer And the debugger checks the software to solve any problems or errors → An IDE may also contain features such as a programmable editor, data and object modeling, unit testing, source code libraries, and build automation tools → The toolbar of the IDE looks like that of a word processor The toolbar supports color-based organization, source code formatting, diagnostics and error reporting, and smart code completion Through the IDE's interface, the developer or developer team can compile and execute the code gradually and manage changes to the source code in a unified manner IDEs are typically designed to integrate with third-party version control libraries, such as GitHub and Apache's Subversion → An IDE can support model-driven development (MDD) A developer working with an IDE starts with a model that the IDE translates into the right code The IDE then debugs and tests model-driven code with a high degree of automation After the build process is successful and properly tested, it can be deployed for further testing through the IDE or other tools outside the IDE Some Best Web Development IDEs → Visual Studio Code: Named the best JavaScript IDE for Windows, Mac, and Linux by TMS Outsource and voted the most popular in the 2018 State of JS survey, Visual Studio Code is a powerful source code editor that comes with a wide range of tools for JavaScript development The IDE comes with built-in support for JavaScript, TypeScript, and Node.js It also has many extensions for other languages (such as C, C#, Python, and PHP) Developed by Windows, Visual Studio Code is great for novice programmers as it explains everything from HTML tags to syntax and error handling → Atom by GitHub: Atom is a fantastic IDE for JavaScript programming Because it's created by GitHub, it means that there is a thriving community to turn to if you run into any issues It works with Mac, Windows, and Linux and ships with a package manager for installing new packages The app is highly customizable, but can also be used well without configuring or customizing anything II Content Management System (CMS) CMS, which stands for content management system, is a software application that allows users to build and manage websites without having to write code from scratch or knowing how to code CMS provide a version management and authoring process to keep large, global websites consistent If you keep breaking a Content management system, there are two main parts that help create your website → Content curation apps (CMAs) allow marketers, sellers, and other content creators to work with content directly without involving the IT department → A content delivery app (CDA) acts as a backend to the website, taking the content that you enter templates and turn it into an active website that visitors from all over the world can access Web content management (WCM) is more or less another name for CMS, because we are an industry that loves acronyms III Database Database is a commonly used word in the fields of information technology, data, programming and software A database is a database that is a collection of data that is organized and is usually accessed from a computer system or exists as a file in a database management system Database can also be stored on devices with memory functions such as memory cards, hard disks, CDs Databases play a very important role when working with data systems They help users succeed in connecting the data Users can access the database system more quickly and easily Database is the source base for users to access the necessary information The main feature of Database is to retrieve information and data by many different methods The retrieved contents are ensured at a high level of data integrity At the same time, the source of information when exported is not duplicated at all, if any, the probability is also very low A database allows multiple users to access at the same time Popular database models today • • File database: File database is the most common form and also the most popular model today It is easy to see the files, information stored, shared and accessed as Files Relational database: This is also one of the most widely used data models today In this model, different entities, i.e., different data sources, will be combined, storing the same data table and these data must be related to each other Some famous databases that support relational databases can be mentioned as: Oracle, MS SQL Server, MySQL • • Object-oriented database: This database system is also a pure data table However, the database adds other object-oriented cases such as: object behavior to show the behavior of the object These objects are also very clearly hierarchical, each level is called a data layer The database management systems that support this database include MS SQL Server, Postgres, Oracle Semi-structured databases: Semi-structured databases can store many different types of data And this information and data is usually stored in XML format In this model, the data and audience descriptions are presented in tags Thanks to this outstanding advantage, the database system is both expanded and convenient to help users easily access 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Servers Software 15 Front-End 16 Back-End 17 Differences between front-end and back-end 18 Databases 19 IDEs 20 CMS 21 Website Builders(WIX) 22 User Experience (UX) and User Interface (UI) 23 The differences... that translates humanreadable names such as www.example.com into numeric IP addresses such as 19 2 .16 8.0 .1 that computers use to connect to each other The Internet''s DNS system works like a phone