Báo cáo "Hoạt động đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài (FDI) của Pháp tạiViệt Nam " doc

HOfIT DONG Onu TyTRlTC Tll'P NUOC NGOfll (FDI) CUfl PHfiP TAI VIET NAM Ths. Vo Minh Hung Dai hpc Ba Ria - Viing Tau Quan he giira Viet Nam va Phap da cd mdt be day lich sir kha lau ddi, trai qua nhieu thang tram, de lai nhieu dau an va ngay nay, quan he giira hai nude dang duge thuc hien theo phuang cham khep lai qua khii de hudng tdi tuong lai nhu Chii tich nudc Tran Dire Luong da ndi: "Vugt qua moi thdng trdm lich sic, trdi qua nhieng ky niem vui vd budn, quan he hai ddt nude, hai ddn tpc chiing ta Id quan he cd truyen thdng lieh sie hdng trdm ndm. Tdi mudn bdy td vdi Tdng thdng vd nhdn ddn Phdp long mong mudn ciia nhdn ddn Id hay de ky niem budn ehi Id qud khie, cdn niem vui Id ciia ed qud khic, hien tgi vd ticang lai. Chimg ta ciing ehung mpt y kien, ciing hgp tde de xdy dieng mpt mdi quan he hiru nghi vd hgp tdc Idu ddi vi Igi ich cita nhdn ddn hai nudc Viet Nam vd Phdp"(l). Nhd dd, mdi quan he hgp tae kinh te giiia hai nudc khdng ngimg duge phat trien va nang cao ea ve quy md \an chat lugng, dae biet trong ITnh vuc dau tu (FDI). Hien nay, Phap la ddi tae sd mdt trong cac nudc chau Au diu tu vao Viet Nam vdi tren 305 du an cd tdng sd vdn 2,94 ty USD, gdp phin thiic diy tang trudng kinh te eiia Viet Nam trong sudt thdi gian qua. L TONG QUAN VE FDI CUA PHAP TAI VIET NAM Phai ndi rang, cac nha dau tu ciia Phap cd mat tai Viet Nam rat sdm, ngay tir nhirng nam dau tien khi Luat Dau tu nudc ngoai ciia Viet Nam dugc ban hanh (1987). Trong hai nam (1988 - 1989), Phap da cd 12 du an diu tu tai Viet Nam vdi sd vdn 65 trieu USD. Den nam 1992, tdng sd vdn FDI ciia Phap tai Viet Nam da tang 184 trieu USD vdi 28 du an (xem Bdng 1). Sir gia tang dot bien dd xuat phat tir cae cude hdi dam sau nhirng chuyen tham lan nhau ciia lanh dao hai nudc, dd la: chuyen tham Viet Nam ciia Bd trudng Ngoai giao Phap R.Dumas (23 - 26/2/1990) va chuyen tham Phap ciia Bd trudng Ngoai giao Nguyin Manh Cim (5/1992). Mat khac, ciing thdi gian nay, RFI ciia Phap ngay 2/7/1992 dua tin: "Viea qua Hpi ddng Gidi chii Phdp da md mpt phien hop tgi Paris ve vdn de ddu tu tgi Viet Nam. Trong phien hop ndy, dgi dien cita 25 gidi ehii Phdp da tdi du de trinh bdy nhieng kinh nghiem cita ho qua thdi gian ldm viee tgi Viet Nam Ong nhdn mgnh rdng, trude vien cdnh lenh cdm van ciia Hoa Ky cd the dtegc bai bd trong nay mai, muc tieu trude mdt cita cdc nhd ddu tu Phdp la ldm sao tgo dtegc nhieng dieu kien tdi thieu de mpt xi nghiep cd the hogt ddng tgi Viet Nam" {2). 68 NGHIEN CQU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°02 (125).2011 Bang 1: So dy an va von dau tu cua Phap duoc cSp phep va dang hoat dong tai Viet Nam (Dan vi USD) Nam 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 T9/2010 Tdng Sd du an dang ky 4 8 5 8 8 18 23 18 18 28 29 23 19 19 28 18 18 27 25 22 47 32 23 468 So du an dang boat ddng 1 4 1 4 4 7 9 10 7 15 13 11 9 10 14 13 12 19 19 22 47 32 22 305 Tong von dau tu 15.422.901 50.224.370 6.301.351 6.392.572 55.371.709 134.666.466 133.025.437 152.257.696 83.536.719 942.563.169 34.680.000 50.241.448 11.750.178 499.219.470 8.525.000 18.596.308 7.025.500 20.703.800 36.105.500 184.005.000 632.524.828 89.101.012 13.306.297 2.941.345.770 Ngudn: Cue Ddu tie nude ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tu. Nam 1993, chuyen tham chinh thuc ciia Tdng thdng Phap Francois Mitterrand lai la dip de cae ca quan, td chiic, doanh nghiep cua Phap sang Viet Nam true tiep tim hieu ca hdi dau tu, gap gd va dam phan vdi cac ddi tac. Nhd do ma nam 1993, Phap da cd tdi 18 du an dau tu vao Viet Nam dugc cap phep, trong dd cd 7 du an dang boat ddng vdi tdng sd vdn dau tu la 134,7 trieu USD, tang gip 9 lan so vdi 1988, gin 3 lin so vdi 1992 (xem Bdng 1). Budc sang nam 1996, chi cd 7 du an dugc dua vao thuc hien vdi sd vdn 83,5 trieu USD, giam 45% so vdi nam 1995. Cd su giam siit dot ngpt nay la do nam 1996 Phap gap phai sir canh tranh eiia eae 7C)tUit itdng itun tu true tie'fi nu'oe ntpoui 69 nha dau tu ed tiem lire vl vdn va cdng nghe khac nhu Nhat Ban, Han Quoc, Singapore Nhu da biet, nam 1996, nguon vdn FDI ciia Viet Nam tang dot ngpt len den 9,212 ty USD, dugc xem la dinh cao ciia dau tu nudc ngoai vao Viet Nam tir trudc den thdi diem do. Chinh nliiing thay ddi dd da tac ddng manh me va day Phap tir vi tri thir 3 nam 1993 xudng vi tri thir 9 nam 1996 trong tdng sd hon 50 nudc va viing lanh thd dau tu vao VietNam (3). Budc vao nam 1997, trong khi hau het cac nudc khac deu giam lupng FDI vao Viet Nam thi sd du an va vdn FDI ciia Phap lai tang manh. Nguyen nhan chii yeu la do nam 1997, Tdng thdng Jacques Chirac sang tham Viet Nam nhan Hdi nghi cap cao lan thir VII Cdng ddng Phap ngii dien ra tai Ha Ndi, da khien cho mdi quan he hgp tac Viet - Phap duge nang len mdt tam eao mdi. Chi tinh rieng trong nam 1997, Phap da dau tu vao Viet Nam 943 trieu USD vdi 28 du an, tang gap 15 lan so vdi nam 1991, gap 11 lan nam 1996, ehilm 17,4% tdng vdn FDI vao Viet Nam (xem Bdng 2), dua tdng sd vdn FDI ciia Phap d Viet Nam len din 1,638 ty USD va dimg vi tri thii 6 trong sd cac nudc ed sd vdn dau tu vao Viet Nam. Trong sudt 3 nam 1998, 1999, 2000, do anh hudng eiia khimg hoang tai chinh - tiln te d chau A, cung nhu do nin kinh tl Phap gap khd khan, vdn diu tu vao Viet Nam ngay cang giam manh, tuong irng vdi cac nam la 35 trieu USD, 50 trieu USD, 12 trieu USD. Lan dau tien ngudn vdn diu tu ciia Phap thip hon nam 1988. Nhin chung day la xu hudng chung ciia tat ea eae nudc diu tu vao Viet Nam. Tdng ngudn vdn FDI ciia Viet Nam giam manh, chi cdn 2,575 ty USD (nam 1999) va 2,839 ty USD (nam 2000). Nhung neu tinh tren dau du an, Phap tiep tuc giii vi tri la ddi tac sd mdt trong sd cae nudc chau Au va dung thir 6 trong tdng sd 60 nudc va vimg lanh thd dau tu vao Viet Nam vdi ban 100 du an dang boat ddng. Tinh den nam 2000, Phap da cd 125 van phdng dai dien (chiem 4,5% trong tdng sd 2.800 van phdng nudc ngoai tai Viet Nam), 5 chi nhanh ngan hang, 5 van phdng luat su va kiem toan tai Viet Nam (4). Ke tir nam 2004, vdn dau tu cua Phap tiep tue giam manh chi cdn 7 trieu USD, chi chiem 7% tdng vdn dau tu cua EU vao Viet Nam, dirng vi tri 3 trong sd cac nudc EU dau tu vao Viet Nam (xem Bdng 1). Klidng chi rieng vdn dau tu ciia Phap giam manh ma dudng nhu day la tinh hinh chung ciia tat ca cac nudc thanh vien EU. Cu the, nam 2000 vdn dau tu ciia Diic, Ha Lan, Anh tuong irng theo thir tu la 7,7 trieu USD, 618 trieu USD, 514,8 trieu USD thi din nam 2004 giam cdn 6 trieu USD, 48 trieu USD, 34,6 trieu USD. Cd the de dang nhan thay, nguyen nhan ciia su giam sut vdn dau tu nude ngoai d Viet Nam eiia Phap ndi rieng va cac nudc ndi chung la do kinh te cac nudc trong nhirng nam nay dang gap khd khan, that nghiep ngay cang tang, tang trudng GDP ludn d muc dudi 2%, tham chi d mirc tham hut. Cu the nam 2002, tang trudng GDP ciia Dire, Phap, Anh tirong ung (0%, 0,9%, 1,1%) va nam 2003 tang trudng GDP ciia Dire (0,4%), Phap (0%) (xem Bdng 2). 70 NGHIEN CQU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°02 (125).2011 Bang 2: Toe do tang truo'ng kinh te cua cac nudc EU {Dan vi (%) EU25 EU15 Dire Tay Ban Nha Phap Italy Anh Hungary 1995 _ 2.3 1.3 2.7 1.5 2.1 2.7 3.1 1996 2.0 1.1 0.4 2.6 0.5 1.4 2.7 3.0 1997 1.9 2.2 1.3 3.4 2.0 1.4 2.6 2.9 1998 3.2 2.7 2.1 4.1 2.9 2.0 3.2 5.7 1999 2.5 2.7 1.7 4.0 2.8 1.3 2.5 5.4 2000 3.6 3.1 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.6 5.1 2001 1.2 1.5 0.8 2.2 1.3 1.3 1.7 2.4 2002 1.1 0.5 0.0 1.4 0.9 1.9 Ll 4.8 2003 0.6 0.5 -0.4 2.1 0.0 -0.6 1.7 2.3 2004 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 0.6 2.8 4.4 Ngudn: The European Union Worldtrade, http://www, euruion.ors/profde/EUUSStals.htm Budc vao nam 2005, dau tu eiia Phap bat dau tang trd lai vdi sd vdn 20 trieu USD. Nam 2006 Phap ed den 25 du an dang ky mdi, tdng sd vdn dau tu la 36 trieu USD, chiem 13% tdng vdn dau tu ciia EU vao Viet Nam. Nhu vay, tinh den het nam 2006, Phap da cd 346 du an dang ky va 178 du an dang boat ddng vdi tdng vdn dau tu ban 2,2 ty USD, chiem khoang 4%o trong tdng vdn FDI eua Viet Nam, dimg vi tri thir 8 trong sd cac nudc va vimg lanh thd dau tu vao Viet Nam (xem Bdng 1). Tinh hinh tuong ddi kha quan ddi vdi dau tu ciia Phap vao Viet Nam, nam 2008, sd vdn dau tu ciia Phap da tang len din 632 trieu USD, gap 30 lan so vdi nam 2005 va gap gan 4 lan so vdi nam 2007. Tinh den cudi thang 9 nam 2010, sd vdn dau tu ciia Phap vao Viet Nam da dat gin 3 ty USD, dung thii 2 EU sau Ha Lan (5 ty USD) va thii 15 tren the gidi. Qua day cd the tin dau tu cua Phap se tiep tuc tang trong nhimg nam tdi. II. Sir PHAN BO FDI CUA PHAP TAI VIET NAM 1. FDI cua Phap tai Viet Nam phan theo hinh thirc Tinh den cudi thang 9/2010, FDI eiia Phap d Viet Nam duge thuc hien ehii yeu dudi hinh thiic hgp tac lien doanh, vdi 84 du an va tdng sd vdn la 1,086 trieu USD, chiim 37% tdng vdn dau tu ciia Phap vao Viet Nam (Bdng 3), trong do rat nhieu du an cd vdn dau tu Idn nhu cac du an: Cdng ty lien doanh khach san Cot cd Thii Ngu (76 trieu USD), khach san Thdng nhit Metropole Sofitel (47,8 trieu USD), khach san Hilton d thanh pho Hd Chi Minh (81 trieu USD) (4). Day la hgp tae hai ben ciing gdp vdn theo mdt ty le nhat dinh de thanh lap mdt xi nghiep mdi, cd hdi ddng quan tri va ban giam dde dilu hanh rieng. Cdng ty lien doanh dugc chia Igi nhuan va chia se riii ro theo von gdp. Thdng qua hinh thiic nay, vdi tiem lire manh me vl khoa hpc, kT thuat va cdng nghe, tai chinh ciia cac cdng ty Phap ket hgp vdi gia nhan Wf)ut ittutg ituu tu tiue tieft itiitfe ni/xmi. 71 edng re d Viet Nam nhim ha gia thanh san xuat va nang cao tinh canh tranh cua san pham. Hinh thirc ed nhieu du an dau tu dirng thii hai ciia Phap la hgp ddng hgp tac kinh doanh. Hinh thirc nay chi thu hut 7 du an, nhung lai chiem den 21 %o tdng sd vdn dau tu cua Phap (xem Bdng 3, Bieu do 1). Phia Phap cd cac du an vdi sd vdn dau tu Idn nhu du an xay dung 540.000 dudng day dien thoai d thanh phd Hd Chi Minh vdi sd vdn 467 trieu USD ma Tdng cdng ty Bun ehinh Vien thdng Viet Nam ky vdi France Telecom. Day la du an dau tu Idn nhat ciia Phap d Viet Nam eho tdi thdi diem nay [49, tr.49]. Hinh thiic 100% vdn dau tu nudc ngoai chiem 20% sd vdn va thudng dugc thuc hien bdi cae ngan hang ciia Phap dau tu vao Viet Nam nhu Banque Indosuez, Credit Lyormais, Banque Nationale de Paris (BNP), Banque Francaise du Conmerce Exterieur (BFCE) nhiing du an nay thudng cd quy md nhd (khoang 15 trieu USD/du an), nhung boat ddng tuong ddi hieu qua d Viet Nam. Ngoai cac hinh thirc dau tu chii yeu tren, hien nay phia Phap cdn dau tu vao Viet Nam dudi hinh thiic cdng ty cd phan vdi sd vdn dang ky ban 15 trieu USD (xem Bdng 3). Day la hinh thiic rat mdi ddi vdi FDI d Viet Nam, theo quy dinh ciia Luat Dau tu, tir ngay 22/5/2003, cac doanh nghiep 100% vdn nudc ngoai va doanh nghiep lien doanh cd the ehuyen ddi thanh cdng ty ed phan vdi dieu kien da gdp du vdn phap dinh theo giay phep dau tu va da chinh thiic hoat ddng dugc 3 nam, nam cudi cimg phai ed lai va mdt sd dieu kien lien quan den cd ddng ciia cac cdng ty nay. Phap chiem khoang 5% tdng sd vdn dau tu ciia Viet Nam theo hinh thiic edng ty cd phan. Bieu do L Dau tu ciia Phap vao Viet Nam theo cac hinh thuc (Tie ngdy 01/01/1998 din ngdy 30/09/2010) 20% 21%- 37% • 100% vonnu'O'c ngoai H Lien doanh • Hap d6ng hcyp tac kinh doanh H BOT H Cong tyco phan Ngudn: Cue Ddu tu nudc ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tu. 72 NGHIEN COU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°02 (125).2011 Bdng 3: Dau tu cua Phap vac Viet Nam theo hinh thuc (Tir ngay 01/01/1988 din ngdy 30/9/2010)(Dan vi: USD) TT 1 2 -1 4 5 Hinh thiic dau tu Lien doanh Hgp ddng hgp tac kinh doanh 100% vdn nudc ngoai Hgp ddng BOT. BT. BTO Cdng ty cd phan Tong cpng Sd du- an 84 7 205 1 8 305 Tdng vdn dau tu (USD) 1.086,126.518 619,139,982 602,913.493 486.895.473 146.270.304 2,941,345,770 Von dieu le (USD) 345.778,277 618,139.018 308.725.293 140.000.000 127.344.516 1,539,987,104 "" •••- Ngudn: Cue Ddu tie nicdc ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tu 2. FDI eua Phap tai Viet Nam phan vao san xuat cdng nghiep. chiem chii yeu theo nganh 181 du an. tdng so vdn dang ky la 936 trieu Trong sudt giai doan tir 1988 din thang USD. Cac du an nay da thu hut mdt lupng cudi thang 9/2010. cac du an diu tu ciia Phap Ion lao ddng tai cac dia ban boat ddng doanh vao Viet Nam chu >iu tap trung vao ITnh \'ii'c nghiep, tan dung dugc gia nhan cdng re va cdng nghiep nhu cdng nghiep nang. cdng ngudn nguyen lieu ddi dao. gdp phan nang nghiep nhe. xay dung, thuc pham vdi 181 du cao nang luc san xuat eiia nganh edng nghiep an cd tdng sd \dn dang ky len tdi 936 trieu Viet Nam. Di diu trong sd cac cdng ty ciia USD. chiem ty trpng Idn nhit vl sd dir an \a ph^p (j^^ tu vao cdng nghiep la tap doan vdn dau tu so \d\ tdng sd du an va tdng sd \'dn dang ky tuang irng la 59%. 32%. Tiep den la ITnh \i,rc dich \u vdi 102 du an. chiem 33% sd du an \'a tdng sd vdn dang ky la 1.78 ty USD, chiem 60% \e vdn dau tu. Sd du an dau tu \ao nganh ndng nghiep. lam nghiep it hon. chi cd 22 du an vdi tdng sd \'dn thap 215 trieu USD. chiem 7% tdng sd \dn dang ky. Thirc te dd chirng to qu}- md \'dn dau tu d ITnh vu'c na\' tuang ddi nhd (xem Bang 4). Neu nhu dau tir ciia Dai Loan. Singapore \ao Viet Nam chu }eu hudng \ao cac ngaiili dich M,I. khach san. nha hang \a du lich thi dau tu cua Phap tap trung chii }eu Boas Bon vdi cac du an nhu edng ty TNHH Mia dudng d Tay Ninh vdi vdn dau tu 113 trieu USD. du an san xuat niia dudng d Gia Lai \'di vdn dau tu la 25.6 trieu USD (4). Cdng nghiep xay dirng va van tai chi cd 16 dir an vdi tdng sd vdn dang ky chi 57 trieu USD. bang 9% so vdi cdng nghiep nang {xem Bang 4). Cac du an: Xay dung he thdng sieu thi Cora tai Ddng Nai vdi vdn dau tu la 54 trieu USD; Dai sieu thi An Lac tai Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh \6i \dn dau tu 35 trieu USD dugc cap phep nam 1997: Sieu thi Thang Long tai Ha Ndi. cap phep nam 1999. \dn 30 trieu USD (4). TCeut Jt^ngiTdu tu trt/e tiefi ttude ngxJui 73 Bdng 4: Dau tu ciia Phap vao Viet Nam theo nganh (Tie ngdy:01/01/1988 din ngdy: 30/9/2010) (Dan vi: USD) So TT I II III Chuyen nganh Cong nghiep San xuat, phan phoi dien, khi, nudc Cong nghiep che bien, che tao Hoat dong chuyen mon, KHCN Xay dung Van tai kho bui Nong- lam nghiep Nong lam, thuy san Dich vu - Tong ho'p Thong tin va buu chinh vien thong Dich vu khac Dv luu trii va an uong Kinh doanh bat dong san Ban budn, ban le Tai chinh, ngan hang, bao hiem Y te va trg giiip xa hoi Nghe thuat va giai tri Hanh chinh va dich vu ho trg Giao due va dao tao Tong so So dy an 181 6 111 48 8 8 22 22 102 35 4 17 4 17 6 4 7 3 5 305 Tong von dau tu- 936.325.769 505.336.874 355.638.866 17.876.370 12.621.028 44.852.631 215.170.744 215.170.744 1.789.849.257 677.384.425 524.390.000 175.366.386 142.841.300 111.010.542 93.768.726 33.815.000 25.052.448 5.250.000 970.430 2.941.345.770 Von thu'c hien 381,235,608 159.221.874 177.878.424 9.232.731 5.485.555 29.417.024 157.471.501 157.471.501 1.001.279.995 641.925.625 82.030.000 70.952.788 36.580.971 66.152.599 81.068.726 11.772.000 9.366.156 1.070.000 361.130 1.539.987.104 Ngudn: Cite Ddu tu nude ngodi - Bd Ke hogch vd Ddu tu Bieu do 2. Dau tu cua Phap vao Viet Nam phan theo nganh (Tie ngdy 01/01/1988 din ngdy 30/09/2010) [D Cong nghiep • Nong - Lam nghsef Ngudn: Cue Ddu tie nude ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tie. 74 NGHIEN CLfu CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°02 (125).2011 Bdng 5: Dau tu true tiep cua Phap phan theo dia phucng (Tie ngay 01/01/1988 din ngdy 30/9/2010) (Dan vi: USD) TT 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Dia phuong Ba Ria-Viing Tau TP Ho Chi Minh HaNoi Quang Nam Ddng Nai Tay Ninh Binh Duong Hai Phdng Long An Binh Thuan Bac Ninh Hung Yen Da Nang Tra Vinh Gia Lai Khaiili Hda Lam Ddng An Giang Ninh Thuan can Tha Lao Cai Hai Duang Binh Dinh Ben Tre Yen Bai Hda Binh Phil Yen Quang Ninh Thira Thien-Hue Ddng Thap Phu Thp Kien Giang Tong cpng Sd du- an 8 110 71 8 19 2 24 J 5 7 5 2 1 6 5 1 1 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 305 Tong vdn dau tu (USD) 1.070.195.128 852.696.377 331.285.029 127.636.447 121.566.291 120.536.153 57.714.613 37.403.500 29.510.000 25.115.800 22.252.941 18.400.000 15.205.712 15.150.000 14.000.000 13.698.657 10.521.391 8.800.000 8.500.000 7.337.600 7.200.000 6.750.000 6.000.000 5.000.000 3.200.000 2.000.000 2.000.000 700.000 670.000 187.500 60.000 52.631 2.941.345.770 Vdn dilu le (USD) 271.416.229 766.370.780 132.180.327 49.727.433 48.394.122 112.829.680 32.153.611 15.188.500 13.110.000 8.224.800 10.202.941 12.500.000 15.205.712 1.030.000 7.000.000 9.222.550 3.903.058 2.800.000 6.000.000 5.437.600 4.987.630 2.150.000 2.000.000 5.000.000 20.000 625.000 1.000.000 350.000 657.000 187.500 60.000 52.631 1.539.987104 Ngudn: Cue Ddu tu nudc ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tu '3Ct)at ittmg^u tut,'tie tie'fL nude ngtmi. 75 Linh vuc dieh vu - tdng hgp thu hut 102 du an vdi tdng sd vdn diu tu 1,7 ty USD, trong dd rieng thdng tin va buu chinh vien thdng ed 35 du an vdi tdng sd vdn diu tu dang ky 677 trieu USD (xem Bdng 4). Day la ITnh vuc ma qua do Viet Nam cd dieu kien tiep thu khoa hpe edng nghe mdi, cd dugc dpi ngii can bd dugc dao tao ve ky thuat, nghiep vu quan ly qua do tao dieu kien thuan loi cho nen kinh te qudc dan nhanh chdng hdi nhap kinh te khu virc va the gidi. Ddng thdi day ciing la ITnh vue Phap cd kha nang thu hdi vdn nhanh va cd the manh vdi cac hang vien thdng hang dau the gidi nhu France Telecom, Actel Phap hien gid cd 10 du an dau tu vao ITnh vuc khach san - dich vu vdi tdng sd vdn dau tu la 139 trieu USD, sdm nhat phai ke den khach san Metropole nam 1989, vdi vdn dau tu 47,8 trieu USD. Tiep den nam 1993, Tdng cdng ty Nha dat va Xay dung thuc hien du an xay dung kinh doanh khach san Hilton - Opera vdi vdn dau tu 64,3 trieu USD, du an khach san Sofitel Da Lat la 40 trieu USD (5). Nhu vay, neu chi xem xet dan thuan ve sd lieu thdng ke vdn dau tu ciia Phap d Viet Nam vao cac nganh nhu tren cd the de dang nhan thiy sir phii hgp tuang ddi ciia cae chi sd nay vdi yeu cau ve ca cau mdt nen kinh te hien dai, phii hpp vdi nhu ciu phat trien ciia Viet Nam trong cdng cude cdng nghiep boa, hien dai hoa dat nudc. 3. FDI cua Phap tai Viet Nam phan theo dja phuo'ng Cac du an dau tu ciia Phap cd mat d 25 tinh, thanh phd tren toan qudc. Mac dii ehinh phii Viet Nam khuyen khich nha dau tu nudc ngoai dau tu vao nhirng dia ban hien cdn nhieu khd khan ve kinh te - xa hdi, dac biet la mien niii, viing sau, vimg xa vdi cac chinh sach mi dai ve thue, tien luang nhung hau het cac du an dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai vao Viet Nam ndi ehung va eiia Phap ndi rieng van tap trung d mdt sd tinh, thanh phd Idn nhu: Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, Ha Ndi, Ddng Nai, Tay Ninh, Ba Ria - Viing Tau, Binh Duong. Day la cac dia phuang cd ca sd ha tang tdt, cd nhieu khu vire cdng nghiep, khu che xuat nen thu hiit dugc nhieu dir an nhat vdi hon 250 du an, vdn dau tu 2,8 ty USD, chiem 96% ve tdng sd vdn dau tu ciia Phap vao Viet Nam. Cu the, Ba Ria - Viing Tau thu hilt chi 8 du an nhung vdn dau tu len tdi 1 ty USD, dimg dau ca nudc; Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh thu hut 110 du an, vdi tdng sd vdn dau tu la 852 trieu USD dirng vi tri thir hai; Ha Ndi thu hilt 71 du an, vdn dau tu la 333 trieu USD; Binh Duang thu hut 24 du an vdi tdng sd vdn 57 trieu USD; Ddng Nai thu hut 19 du an, vdi tdng sd vdn dau tu la 121 trieu USD (xem Bdng 5). Cd the ndi, mirc dp chenh lech giii'a cac vung ve thu hut FDI ciia Phap la tuang ddi va ddng thuan vdi muc dp thuan Igi ciia yeu td kinh te - xa hdi va ca sd ha tang ciia Viet Nam. 76 NGHIEN CGU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°02 (1251.2011 Bang 5: Dau tu true tiep cua Phap phan theo dia phucng (Tie ngay 01/01/1988 din ngdy 30/9/2010) (Dan vi: USD) TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Dia phuo'ng Ba Ria-Viing Tau TP Ho Chi Minh HaNoi Quang Nam Ddng Nai Tay Ninh Binh Duang Hai Phdng Long An Binh Thuan Bic Ninh Hung Yen Da Nang Tra Vinh Gia Lai Khanh Hda Lam Ddng An Giang Ninh Thuan can Tha Lao Cai Hai Duang Binh Dinh Ben Tre Yen Bai Hda Binh Phil Yen Quang Ninh Thii'a Thien-Hue Ddng Thap Phil Thp Kien Giang Tong cpng So dy an 8 110 71 8 19 2 24 3 5 7 3 3 5 2 1 6 5 1 1 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 305 Tong von dau tu (USD) 1.070.195.128 852.696.377 331.285.029 127.636.447 121.566.291 120.536.153 57.714.613 37.403.500 29.510.000 25.115.800 22.252.941 18.400.000 15.205.712 15.150.000 14.000.000 13.698.657 10.521.391 8.800.000 8.500.000 7.337.600 7.200.000 6.750.000 6.000.000 5.000.000 3.200.000 2.000.000 2.000.000 700.000 670.000 187.500 60.000 52.631 2.941.345.770 Von dieu le (USD) 271.416.229 766.370.780 132.180.327 49.727.433 48.394.122 112.829.680 32.153.611 15.188.500 13.110.000 8.224.800 10.202.941 12.500.000 15.205.712 1.030.000 7.000.000 9.222.550 3.903.058 2.800.000 6.000.000 5.437.600 4.987.630 2.150.000 2.000.000 5.000.000 20.000 625.000 1.000.000 350.000 657.000 187.500 60.000 52.631 1.539.987104 Nguon: Cue Ddu tie nuac ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tu [...]... Viet Nam ed xu hudng giam thi Hd Chi Minh, Ha Ndi, Ba Ria - Viing Tau, dau tu ciia Phap lai tang (xem Bieu do 3) Ddng Nai, Tay Ninh Dang tiec ban nira, cac 79 '3€>(yut itmtg itdu tu ti^e tieft nutlUi ngemi Biiu dd 3: So sanh v6n diu tu cua Phap vdi tong von dau tu nudc ngoai vao Viet Nam Dan vi: ty USD ^ ^ ^0) ^O) C # O^ '" < # 0$ ^"^ C # O ^"" C# ^O) ^q, ^ ^ ^ ^ ^q, ^o, C# CS'^^ C ^ cs ^"^ cs ^"^ cs^ '" cs ^"" c?^^ ' N" ' ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ -T6ng y5n d§u t u true tiep nudc ngoai \^o Viet Nam —•—Vdn dau t u cua Phap vao Viet Nam Nguon: Dua tren sd lieu Bdng 1 vd sd lieu do Cue Ddu tu nudc ngodi - Bp Ke hogch vd Ddu tu cung cdp (1991-2006), Luan van Thac sy, Trudng... xuat khau Tuy vdn dau tu it, cu the: Nam 2002, cd den 28 nhien, ben canh nhirng ket qua dat duge, dau du an nhung vdn dau tu chi cd 9 trieu USD; tu cua Phap vao Viet Nam dang tdn tai nhieu Nam 2010 cd 22 nhung vdn dau tu ehi 13 mat ban che: trieu USD Mat khac, ddng vdn dau tu ciia Thie nhdt, ddng vdn dau tu cua Phap vao Phap vao Viet Nam khdng dn dinh, bien Viet Nam phan bd khdng deu, tap trung ehii... nha dau tu nudc ngoai khac nhu EU, Han Viet Nam trong linh vue nay ciing nhu Qudc, Dai Loan ciing trong tinh trang tuong ngudn vdn FDI ndi chung trong td chirc EU tu Ddng vdn dau tu cua Phap vao Viet Thie hai, vdn dau tu ciia Phap vao Viet Nam da va dang cd nhirng ddng gdp dang ke Nam cdn d miic khiem tdn so vdi thuc lire ddi vdi su phat trien kinh te Viet Nam, vao kinh te eiia Phap va cdn xa mdi dap... Tau thu hiit 10 du an, vdi sd vdn diu tu la 997 trieu USD, ehilm 14% tdng sd vdn diu tu cua EU vao Viet Nam Nhu vay, cac dia phuong nay vin ludn la diim hip dan thu hiit FDI ciia nude ngoai tai Viet Nam Din nay, nhd tan dung dugc uu thi sin cd tai dia phuang, eiing vdi mdt sd uu dai ma nha nudc Viet Nam danh cho, cac du an diu tu cua Phap tai cac dia phuang nay dang thu dugc nhirng kit qua kha quan Dd... nu(U ngtuix 11 So vdi ngudn FDI cua EU vao Viet ve ndng nghiep va la mdt trong nhii'ng cudng Nam phan theo dia phuang tinh din cudi qudc dau tu ra ben ngoai Idn nhit chau Au, nam 2005 thi cd mdt sd chenh lech nhung khdng ngimg tim kiim thi trudng dl diu tu, khdng dang kl Cu thi, Thanh phd Hd Chi cdn Viet Nam dang cd ging cai each kinh tl Minh van la dia phuang thu hiit du an diu tu thu hiit ngay cang... te eiia Phap va cdn xa mdi dap img nhirng thanh cdng trong cdng cude cdng dugc su mong dgi ciia Viet Nam Dau tu eiia nghiep boa, hien dai boa dat nudc Nhiing Phap ed rat it du an trong ITnh vue edng ddng gdp do bd sung ngudn vdn, gdp sire nghiep nang, xay dung ma Viet Nam ed nhu thue day kinh te Viet Nam tang trudng, giai cau Idn va Phap cd rat nhieu the manh quyet cdng an viec lam, tang them ngudn... quan tam dac biet duge danh cho cac nganh nay mdi chi dien ra mdt chieu, chi cd vdn cdng nghiep nang, xay dung, nhim mue eua Phap chay vao Viet Nam Tuy nhien, xet dich khai thac tdt nhit nhiing tilm lire cua trong bdi canh phat trien kinh te hien nay ciia Viet Nam Phap la nudc diu tu kha nhilu hai nudc, Phap la nudc cdng nghiep dung vao nganh cdng nghiep nang (46 du an) Vi thir tu tren the gidi, thir... dugc nhirng kit qua kha quan Dd chinh la nen tang cho su phat triln nhanh chdng cua mdi quan he nay So vdi mdt so nudc diing diu vl diu tu true tilp d Viet Nam nhu Han Qudc, Dai Loan, Nhat Ban, Singapore, Hoa Ky, ty le vdn diu tu eiia Phap d Viet Nam dugc thuc hien kha cao Theo sd lieu ciia Cue Diu tu nudc ngoai, Bg Ke hoaeh va Diu tu, tinh tdi ngay 30/9/2010, ty le vdn diu tu dang ky thuc hien so vdi... trong mdi quan he song dpng tren linh vuc FDI vd ODA cita Phdp phuong nay van cdn hiiu hieu, ed the khang tgi Viet Nam, Nghien eiiu Chau Au, sd 1, dinh rang quan he dau tu Viet - Phap se tiep tr 42-48 tuc dugc phat trien trong tuang lai 5 Hoang Xuan Hoa (2001), Dgc diem quan he kinh te Viet Nam - EU vd nhieng ca TAI LIEU THAM KHAO hpi phdt trien trong xu the todn cdu hod, tu 1 Bao Nhan dan (2002), Chit . Viet Nam rat sdm, ngay tir nhirng nam dau tien khi Luat Dau tu nudc ngoai ciia Viet Nam dugc ban hanh (1987). Trong hai nam (1988 - 1989), Phap da cd 12 du an diu tu tai Viet Nam. rieng trong nam 1997, Phap da dau tu vao Viet Nam 943 trieu USD vdi 28 du an, tang gap 15 lan so vdi nam 1991, gap 11 lan nam 1996, ehilm 17,4% tdng vdn FDI vao Viet Nam (xem Bdng. me va day Phap tir vi tri thir 3 nam 1993 xudng vi tri thir 9 nam 1996 trong tdng sd hon 50 nudc va viing lanh thd dau tu vao VietNam (3). Budc vao nam 1997, trong khi hau het cac nudc