Chapter 1 Matter and Measurement Prentice Hall © 2002 General Chemistry C hapter 8 Slide 1 of 32 Chapter 8 The Atmospheric Gases and Hydrogen Philip Dutton University of Windsor, Canada Prentice Hall[.]
General Chemistry Principles and Modern Applications Petrucci • Harwood • Herring 8th Edition Chapter 8: The Atmospheric Gases and Hydrogen Philip Dutton University of Windsor, Canada Prentice-Hall © 2002 Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide of 32 Contents 8-1 8-3 8-4 8-5 8-6 The Atmosphere Nitrogen Oxygen The Noble Gases Hydrogen Focus on The Carbon Cycle Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide of 32 8-1 The Atmosophere Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide of 32 Composition of Dry Air trace Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide of 32 Water Vapor • nH2O PH2O in air PH2O (actual) 100% Relative Humidity = P H2O (max) Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide of 32 Chemicals from the Atmosphere Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide of 32 8-2 Nitrogen Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide of 32 Haber Bosch Process Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide of 32 Anhydrous Ammonia as Fertilizer Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide of 32 Nitrogen Oxides Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide 10 of 32 Ozone Depletion Natural: O3 + NO → NO2 + O2 NO2 + O → NO + O2 O3 + O → O2 Human activity: CCl2F2 + UV radiation → CClF2 + Cl O3 + Cl → ClO + O2 ClO + O → Cl + O2 O3 + O → O2 Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide 18 of 32 8-4 The Noble Gases • In 1785 Cavendish could not get all the material in air to react in an electric discharge • 100 years later Rayleigh and Ramsay isolated argon – Greek argos—the lazy one Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide 19 of 32 Noble Gases • Used in light bulbs, lasers and flash bulbs • He and Ar are used as “blanket” materials to keep air out of certain systems • He is used as a breathing mixture for deep diving applications • Superconducting magnets use He(l) as coolant Prentice-Hall General Chemistry: C Slide 20 of 32