ứng dụng hệ suy diễn mờ (ANFIS) giải quyết bài toán phân ngành cho sinh viên khoa công nghệ thông tin, trường đại học công nghệ thông tin và truyền thông, đại học thái nguyên

Nguyin Thi Tuygn vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 132(02)- 141 - 146 ITNG D U N G H £ S U Y D I E N MOf (ANFIS) GIAI QUYET BAI TOAN PHAN NGANH CHO SINH VIEN KHOA CONG NGHE THONG TIN TRU^dNG DAI HQC CONG NGHE THONG TIN &TRUYEN THONG - DHTN Nguyen Thj Tuygn*, Dao Thj Thu Trudng Dgi hoc Cong nghe thong tin & Truyin thong • DH Thai Nguyen TOM TAT ANFIS (Adaptive Network based fuzzy inference system) la mot mo hinh he suy dien md dua tren mang thich nghi Mo hinh dupe tao th^nh tir viec tich hgp giiJa he md vk mang noron nhan tao vdi muc dich 1^ tang nhOng uu diim va ban chS t6i da nhung nhupc dilm cua he suy dien md v^ m^ng noron Hg suy diln md tren ca sd mang thich nghi (ANFIS) co chiic nang tuong tu nhu hg suy dien md nhung lai khic phuc duac nhOng nhuac dilm ciia hg suy diln md, bgn canh dd he ANFIS cdn sii dung cac luat hoc lai dl hoc cac ham thuoc, xac dinh cac tham so va sinh tap c4c luat md / / - then nhim xip xi mot tap d£r lieu mong mu6n Dua tren nhiJng uu diem ciia ANFIS, chiing toi da sir dung mo hinh bai toin phan nganh cho sinh vign Khoa Cong nghe thSng tin- Trudng DH C6ng nghg thSng tin &Truygn thong vdi mong mudn giiip cho cac em c6 duac ca sd d i tu tin budc vao ng^nh minh da lua chon T i ' kh6a: mgng noron, hi md, he suy diin md, ANFIS phdn ldp DAT VAN DE Ly thuyet md va mang noron nhan tao da phat trign rat nhanh va da dang Chinh nhung cdng cu da cung cap nhiJng cdng ngh? mdi cho cac nganh cdng nghiep lam nhieu san pham thdng minh, dap ung dupe day dii nhu cau ciia thi trudng can cd nhiing bd digu khign linh hoat hon, nhiing thigt bj "biSt suy nghi", lam viec vdi nhirng bai toan kho, phai xii iy nhigu thong tin md, chua diy dii va thieu chinh xac Ly thuygt md va mang noron nhan tao dgu cd nhung uu didm va nhugc didm rieng Chinh vi vay, mot each tiep can chac chan se dem lai nhilu cdng va la hudng md cho nhigu nha nghien ciiu, dd la tich hgp giiia he md va mang noron l^i vdi ggi la md hinh h? suy diln md' dua b-gn mang thich nghi (ANFIS) Viec tich hgp se lam tang thgm nhiing uu dilm ciia ca hai he va khac phuc dugc dang ke nhung nhugc dilm ciia ly thuygt md va mang noron nhan tao Do he ANFIS dugc tao tir he suy diln md va mang noron nhan tao, vay vdi kha nang hgc cua m^ng noron nhan tao cho phep dieu chinh viec chuyen doi cac luat md if then va cac bam thugc kit hgp vdi cac y kiln * Tel- 0988 808459, Email nttuyen@ictu edu v chuyen gia se hiia hen dem l^i each giai quygt dem lai ket qua cao vdi cac bai nhu phan ldp, du doan De cd thi md ta dugc kha nang ling dung cua he ANFIS, bai bao nay, chiing ta di tim hieu mdt irng dung cua he bai toan phan nganh cho sinh vign Day la mdt ling dung dugc dl cap rit nhilu cac cupc hdi thao Idn, ddng thdi nd cung dem lai rit nhieu hieu qua va cdng nhieu ITnh vuc dac biet la Y hpc va ITnh vuc dieu khign, Bai bao cd cau true nhu sau: Sau phan md diu, bai bao trinh bay cau triic, each thiic hoat ddng cua he ANFIS Phan kg tiep trinh bay kgt qua thii nghiem tren bai toan phan nganh cho sinh vien thudc Khoa Cdng nghe thdng tin- trudng DH Cdng nghe thdng tin & Truygn thdng Cudi ciing la kgt luan va thao luan KIEN TRUC HE SUY DIEN M D U A TREN MANG THICH NGHI (ANFIS) De hieu rd ve mang ANFIS, phan chiing ta se dua cau true cua mang thich nghi tuong duong vdi he suy dign md chiing ta se di sau vao md ta each phan chia cac tap tham sd de ap dung luat hpc lai va each thuc hien cac luat md if then[S\ 141 Nguyin Thi TuySn vo Big 132(02): 141 -146 Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONO NGHE Uyer Layer Layer Layer i i Layer i X?h-' De don gian, ta gia su rang he suy dign md cd hai dau vao x va y va mdt dau Gia sii rang cd hai luat co sd md ;/ - then ciia Takagi va Sugeno nhu sau: Rule : \i X h Aj and y is Bj, then // = pix+qiy-^r, Rule • If x is -^j and y is B2 then /^ = P2x+q2y+r2 Cac niit ciing mdt ldp cd chuc nang nhu nhu md ta dudi day: Ldp 1: Mdi mit i ldp cd hinh vudng vdi cac ham vien 0'(x) = fiA,(x) vdi / = 2- l'oaco/('x;-/iff,_/x; vdi , = day, X (hoac y) la diu vao nut i va A^ (hoac B,_2) la cac bien ngdn ngii kgt hgp vdi nut ham Hay ndi mot each don gian O' la ham thudc ciia A, va nd chi ro dp thudc ciia X vao A^ Thudng ta chpn /iA/x)\k ham thudc hinh chudng vdi gia tn Idn nhit la va nho nhit la 0, nhu vay ham chudng tdng quat se dupe md ta dudi dang toan hgc nhu sau: M A , ( X ) ^ ^ • Ldp 2: Mdi mit Idp cd hinh tron va cd nhan la FI N o chinh la tich ciia cac tin hieu den va moi gia trj dau ciia mit bieu dien cudng ciia mgt luat (toan tir T - norm thuc hien phep AND tdng quat cd thg dugc sii dung d day) Of(x) = w, = ^A,(x).piB,(y),i^l,2 Ldp 3: Mdi mit Idp cd hinh tron co nhan la N Niit thu i dugc tinh la ti le cua cudng luat ciia mit vdi tdng tat ca cac cudng dp luat: of- 1.2 Dg thuan tien, gia trj dau cua mit se dugc gpi la gia tri dau vao lufit dupe chuan hoa {normalized firing strengths) Ldp 4: Mdi ldp i ldp la mgt nut hinh vudng cd chiic nang Oi(x) = -Wj^ ~ W,(p^ +^,y-^>':) Trong do, w^ la dau cua Idp thii ba [p,' 9i' ^ } 'a tap cac tham sd , cac tham s6 ldp se dugc xem nhu la tham s6 ket luan Ldp 5: La mgt Idp cd mot nut hinh trdn, hong Idp cd ky hieu la Z la diu bing tong ciia tat ca cac ky hieu din overall oulpul = o;(x) = -^,w,f, : Trong dd : a„ b„ c, la tap cac tham so Khi gia tri ciia cac tham sd thay ddi thi ham sg bign ddi theo Cac tham sd ldp la tham sd gia thigt 142 Z.", Chiing ta CO thj cau true mot he ANFIS tuong duong voi mot he suy dien mo voi cac luat ma TSK Kiin true cua he ANFIS CO thS cap nhat cac tham so theo thuat toan lan truyk Nguyin Thj Tuyln vo Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGH$ ngugc Neu khdng ta cd thi sii dung thuat toan Ipc Kalman dung dl tim cac tham sd kit lu|in he ANFIS, dieu cd dugc bing each la ta sip xip tit ca cac tham so kit luan —fll w, —1') Wl —('> PI II _ 1-2 Pi w'y' WiV' _Wi b"\ a cap du lieu huan luyen thii k, k = 1,2, , p wi la dau d Idp thii ba, ket hgp vdi dau vac (J:*, y'''') Gia sii rang chiing ta su dung hit tit ca cac kha nang ciia cac tham sd la sd lugng dau vao va sd lugng cac ham thugc dd cd the dinh nghTa sd lugng cac luat la: Trong [x"' f>, I Rule -nw Va neu tham sd gia thiet (premisparan) la sd lugng tit ca cac tham sd can cho ham thupc, sd lugng tat ca cac tham sd dugc dinh nghTa la: para,, = premispara,^'Y^ln„Mf, +RiileJIn„ -\-l) i^t THUAT TOAN HOC LAI VA XAC DINH THAM SO THICH NGHI Thuat toan hoc lai D I CO thi dem lai hieu qua cao nhit qua trinh tinh toan, he ANFIS su dung thuat toan hpc lai Tu kien true mang ANFIS da cho hinh (2.1), chung ta thay rang neu cho gia tri cac tham sd gia thiet, dau cd thg dugc dign ta bdi mgt ham kgt hgp tuyen tinh cac tham sd kgt luan Noi mot each cu the, dau f hinh (2.1) cd thg dugc cu the hoa nhu sau[5]: f=wJi+wJ,=(w,)r,+(WiX)p,+(w,y)q^^(w,)r,-v(w,x)p,+(w2y)q^ f la tuygn tinh cac tham sd ket qua (pi, qi^n, p2, q2, r?) Kgt qua chiing tacd: S = tap ciia tdng cac tham sd S[ = tap ciia cac tham sd gia thigt S2 = t§p ciia cac tham sd ket luan Cu the hon, pha di tdi ciia thuat toan hpc lai, ham tin hieu di qua bdn Idp (di den ldp thii 4) va tham sd kit luan dugc xac djnh bdi phuong phap udc lugng binh phuang tdi thieu (LSE) Cdn pha di lui, ti le loi dugc lan truyen ngugc va cac tham sd gia thiet dugc cap nhat bdi phuong phap giam gradient, cac boat ddng mdi pha boat ddng dupe tong quat hoa qua bang sau: Bang 1; Hai pha thd tuc hoc lai cho hi ANFIS Tham s6 gia thiet Tham so ket luSn Tin higu Pha di tdi Co dinh LSE Niitra Pha di lui Giam gradient Co djnh Ti le loi 143 Nguyin Thi Tuyln vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HQC & C N G NGH$ Theo nhu bang tren, chung ta nhan thiy, cac cdng thirc cap nhat cac tham sd gia thiet va kit luan dugc tach luat hgc lai Do do, viec tang tdc dp hpc la cd thg bang each sii dung mot each khac cua phuang phap giam gradient phin gia thilt nhu giam gradient lan truyin nhanh, tdi uu hoa phi tuygn Tren thuc tl, vdi mdi phuang phap dgu cd nhiing uu va nhugc digm rigng cua nd, Phuong phap udc lupng binh phuang tdi thilu va phuang phap giam gradient cung vay Do do, ngudi ta d3 dua dupe mdt sd each dl cap nhat tham sd (tuy timg trudng hgp cu dg ap dung vi mdi mdt phuong phap deu cd mdt dp phiic tap tinh toan nhat dinh nao dd) Chi giam gradient: Tat ca cac tham sd dugc cap nhat bdi phuang phap giam gradient Giam gradient va chi mdt lan diing LSE, LSE dugc su dung chi mot lan tai thdi diem bat dau dat cac gia tri khdi tao ciia cac tham sd kgt qua va sau dd su dung giam gradient de cap nhat tat ca cac tham so Giam gradient va LSE: Day la luat hpc lai Chi LSE: He ANFIS la tuyen tinh va cac tham sd gia thigt va sir md rgng thuat toan Igc Kalman dupe dimg de cap nhat tat ca cac tham so Xac dinh tham so hpc thich nghi Ddi vdi mdi niit mang thich nghi sau da co cac ham vien thi nd se khdi tao cac gia trj cua cac tham sd gia thigt qua ham vien trffng mien gia tri cua cac bign vao'''l Vdi mdi gia tri cho trudc x cua mdt dau vao mien tinh toan, chiing ta ludn tim duoc mdt bien ngdn ngu A cho MA(^) - ^ vdi la ngudng cho trudc Theo each nay, he suy dien md cd the tao su bign ddi vira dii su chdng lap giiia cac biin ngdn ngir Tham sd k anh hudng din din tdc dp hdi tu, nlu k nhd thi cd the xip xi sat vdi dudng gradient nhung hdi tu cham va tdn thdi gian Ngugc lai, neu k Idn thi su hdi tu se 144 132(02): 141-146 nhanh nhung ket qua se lan can xung quanh diem tdi uu, bing quan sat chiing ta cap nhat k theo hai heuristic sau: NIU dp loi giam I ign tiep budc thi tang k 10% NIU dp Idi giam sau hai budc lign tilp thi giam k 10% DSy la chiln luge c^p nhat ddng, vay gia trj khdi tao k se khdng ddng vai trd quylt dinh nlu k khdng qua Idn UNG DUNG HE ANFIS GIAI QUYET BAI T O A N PHAN NGANH CUA SINH VIEN TRONG KHOA CONG NGHE THONG TIN (CNTT) Thuc trang van de dang ki nganh hoc cua sinh vien Trgn thuc tl, tat Khoa Cdng nghe thdng tin Trudng DH CNTT&TT, hang nam phai giai quylt nhilu dan xin chuyin nganh cua sinh vien Chinh viec xin chuyin nganh din dgn viec quan Iy Idp va quan ly dao tao ciia Khoa ndi rieng va ciia Trudng ndi chung tr6 ngn kho khan va pbiic tap Ly ciia viec chuygn nganh phan Idn la cac em dang ki thi hoac xet tuygn (hoac dang ki nguyen vong 2, nguyen vgng 3) vao mot nganh trudng cac em diu khdng tim hieu kT thdng tin cua nganh dd de cd thi biet dugc cd phii hgp vdi kha nang, sd thich ciia minh hay khdng Cd rit nhilu Ii cac em chpn lua vd thiic nhu: cd em thiy tgn hay hay, cd em lai thay nganh lay diem thap, dg vao ,De giup cac em cd dugc su tu vin chgn vao nganh hpc ciia Khoa CNTT phii hgp vdi nang lire, sd thich cung nhu cac dilu kien vdn cd vg hpc lire, dam me, giiip cac em co hiing thu hgc tap sau triing tuyen va cd viec lam thich hgp sau trudng, dong thdi giilp cac phdng ban chiic nang quan ly t6t dugc sinh vien chung tdi da dua each giai quyet bai toan phan nganh sinh vign Khoa Cdng nghe thdng tin sii dung he suy dien md tren ca sd mang thich nghi Cac biro'c ling dung he suy dien md tren cff so mang thich nghi de giai quyet bai toan Nguyin Thi Tuyln vd Dtg 132(02): 141 - 146 Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE phSn nganh cho sinh vien Khoa CNTT Truwng DH CNTTTT - DHTN De giai quyet dupe bai toan thuc tl chiing tdi sir dung cac budc nhu sau: Budc 1: L§p phigu khao sat va khao sat tinh hinh thirc tr^ng trudc dang ki nganh hgc ciia cac em sinh vign Trong tdng sd 550 phigu phat cho cac em sinh vien KIO va Kl khoa Cdng nghe thdng tin, chimg tdi da thu vl dupe 526 philu khao sat dap ling dugc yeu cau Budc 2: Dua tren phigu khao sat da thu thap dupe, chiing tdi tien hanh phan loai, riit trich thdng tin, xir ly thdng tin dg dua duoc tap dii lieu dau vao can xti Iy Sau thuc hien viec phan loai phigu khao sat, sd phieu diing dg kigm tra la 380 phigu Budc 3: Sii dung he ANFIS de xu ly, huan luyen dii lieu, dua kit qua Budc 4: Tir kgt qua dua dugc nhan xet ket luan KET QUA Chung tdi tien hanh chay chuong trinh bang ANFIS trgn ngdn ngff Matlab phien ban R2012a vdi tap dir lieu thu dugc tir 380 phieu dilu tra ciia sinh vign bao gdm cac thdng tin thdng qua nam vin dl chinh nhu sau: kit qua hpc lire mdn toan va ly cac nam THPT, thao mdt ngdn ngu, kT nang lap trinh, van dd dam me tim higu, mong mudn dugc lam cdng viec Dua vao thdng tin ciia cac van de tren, sinh vien cd thg dugc dua vao nganh phii hgp vdi kha nang va sd thich cua cac em Ddi vdi tap dii lieu thi d&u vao ciia he thdng gdm cd mit Dg ket qua dugc chinh xac, chiing tdi sii dung 200 bg dir lieu mau chia diu cho nganh Sau 300 lan lap, kha nang chju Idi la 0, sd ham vign lira chgn cho cac dau vao cd dugc nhd phuang phap phan cum Tiep theo chiing tdi sir dung 380 bg dif lieu da thu dugc de kigm tra viec dang ki nganh ciia sinh vign m Hinh I: Trudc phdn ngdnh sinh vien 200 350 m 350 Hinh 2: Kit qud phdn ngdnh ciia sinh vien Nhan xet: Tir hinh kit qua cho chiing ta thiy rang, tdng sd 380 em sinh vien dugc dung de phan vao nganh: Khoa hpc may tinh, He thdng thdng tin, Ky nghe phan mgm, mang&truyln thdng Trong kit qua cd khoang 28 em chiem khoang 7,4% tdng sd sinh vign dugc dilu tra chua thuc sir dugc vao diing chuygn nganh ma cac em ygu thich hoac phii hgp vdi kha nang ciia chinh ban than cac em, Dilu dac biet la 28 sinh vien nay, cd tdi 17 sinh vign d rit xa so vdi muc tieu, dieu dd the hien ring viec lira chpn nganh ciia 17 em la hoan toan khdng phii hgp Cd thg 145 Nguyin Thi TuyinviD(g Tap chi KHOA HOC & C N NOME 132(02): 141 - 146 nhiSu ly nhu tai thoi dilm dang ki mot s6 sinh vien chua co hieu biet ve nganh nghe ma minb lua chpn, hoac phu thu$c vao dilm tning tuyln dang ki nguyen vgng 2, nguyen vong ciia timg nganh la khac Chinh viec tea chpn nganh khong chinh xac lam cho cac em khong thu, say me, chuyen tam vao hpc tap, din din kit qua hpc tap khdng cao, lam anh huong true tilp den ban than cae em KET LUAN Tren CO so nhiJng kit qua da dat dupe chiing toi CO thi kit luan rang vi?c su dung h? ANFIS vao bai toan phan lop, phan nganh cho sinh vien dem lai nhimg hi$u qua tot dep Ket qua ciia viec phan nganh giup eho eac em hpc sinh eo thi tham khao dl dua quylt dinh dung dan nhjt truoc dang ki vao nganh hpc tai khoa Cong ngh? thong tin - Tructng dai hpc Cong nghe thong tin & Truyin thong Tir viec chpn dupe nganh yeu thieh va phii hpp voi kha nang, cac em se yen tam hpc tap va nghien ciiru dl eo duac ket qua cao nhat TAI LIEU T H A I V I K H A O Bili C6ng Cuimg, Nguyin Doan Phudc, He mir, mang noron vafrngdung, nha xuat ban khoa hpc va ky thuat, mn?i, 2001 Adriano Cruz, ANFIS; Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems, 2003 Kazuo Tanaka, Hua O.Wang, Fuzzy Confrol Systems Design and Analysis, A Wiley-Interscience Publication, John Wiley & Son, Inc., 2001 Piero P Bonissone, Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS):Analysis and Applications, 2002 Manish Kakar, H6kan NystrSom, Lasse Rye Aarup, Dag Rune Olsen, Respiratory motion prediction by using the adaptiveneurofijzzyinference system (ANFIS), 2005 SUMMARY APPLICATION OF A M I S TO SOLVE THE STUDY SPECIALIZATION CATEGORIZATION PROBLEIM FOR THE FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND TELECOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY - TNU Nguyen Thi Tuyen", Dao Thi Thu College of Information and Communication Technology - TNU ANFIS (Adaptive Network based fiizzy inference system) is a fiizzy logic model based on adaptive network This model is an integration of afiizzysystem and adaptive neuron network that aims at maximizing the strengths and minimizing the weaknesses of bothfijzzysystem and neuron network Adaptive Network based fiizzy inference system (ANFIS) has the same fiinctions as a fiizzy system but overcome the disadvantages of such systems Moreover, ANFIS employs hybridleaming rules to learn memberehipfiinctions,to determine parameters and to generate if-then fiizzy rules to approximate the desired data Using the advantages of ANFIS, the authors of this paper applied this model to die study specialization categorization for smdents studying at the Faculty of Information, Thai Nguyen University of Information and Communication Technology to help shidents be confident in choosing the study specialization for diem Keywords: neural network, fuzzy, fuzzy inference system, ANFIS, classification Ngay nhdn bai:IWI0/20l4: Ngay phan bien:04/l 1/2014: Ngdy duyet ddng: 05/3/2015 Phdn bien thoa hoc: TS Vu Vinh Quang - Tnr&ng Dgi hoc Cong nghe Thong tin Truyin thong - D Tel 0988808459 Email: ntluyen@!ctu edu.vr 146 ... khao sat va khao sat tinh hinh thirc tr^ng trudc dang ki nganh hgc ciia cac em sinh vign Trong tdng sd 550 phigu phat cho cac em sinh vien KIO va Kl khoa Cdng nghe thdng tin, chimg tdi da thu... vien dugc dung de phan vao nganh: Khoa hpc may tinh, He thdng thdng tin, Ky nghe phan mgm, mang&truyln thdng Trong kit qua cd khoang 28 em chiem khoang 7,4% tdng sd sinh vign dugc dilu tra chua thuc... BAI T O A N PHAN NGANH CUA SINH VIEN TRONG KHOA CONG NGHE THONG TIN (CNTT) Thuc trang van de dang ki nganh hoc cua sinh vien Trgn thuc tl, tat Khoa Cdng nghe thdng tin Trudng DH CNTT&TT, hang