21856 72848 1 pb 834

MOT SO YEU TO CHU QUAN TAG DONG DEN D O N G CO GIANG DAY CUA GIANG VIEN DAI HOC Th.S NguySn Van Lupt Khoa Tdm ly hgc, Trudng Dgi hgc Khoa hgc xd hdi vd Nhdn vdn T6M TAT Bdi bdo phdn dnh ki't qud khdo sdt 386 gidng viin cua trudng dai hgc Irin dia bdn Hd Ndi vi mdt sd yiu td chu quan tdc ddng din ddng ca gidng day cua hg Cdc phurmg phdp nghiin edu chinh dugc sur dung Id diiu Ira bdng bdng hdi vd phdng vdn sdu Cdc yiu tdchd quan dugc nghiin ciiu gdm: dinh hu&ng gid tri cda gidng vii gidng dgy; nhdn thiic cUu gidng viin vi yiu edu cua nghi nghiep; hiing thii gidng day cda gidng viin vd tinh thdn, Irdch nhiim ciia gidng viin Kit qua nghiin citu cho thdy, cdc yiu td chii quan cd dnh hudng din ddng ca gidng dgy cita gidng vien Phdn tich hdi qui tuyen linh drm cho thdy, sif thay ddi ciia Irong yiu tdduac nghiin cihi cd khd ndng dif bdo sif biin ddi ddng ca gidng dgy cOa gidng viin dgi hpc TU khoa: Dgng ca, dpng ca gidng dgy, gidng vien dgi hpc Dat vin de Theo sd lidu cia Tdngcuc Thd'ng kd, tfnh ddn ngiy 31/12/2010, c i nude cd 414 trudng dai hpc, cao ding, vdi 74.600 giing vidn, dio tao 2.162.100 sinh vidn chi'nh qui [3] Nhu viy, tfnh trung binh sd lupng giang vidn/sinh vidn xip xi 1/29, dd li chua bao gdm sd sinh vidn hpc vin bing 2, lidn thdng, tir xa vi hoin chinh kidn thic Theo bio cio cua Bd Giio due & Dio tao, ttt nam 1987 2009, sd sinh vidn c i nude ting 13 lin nhung sd giing vidn chi ting lin Sy phit tridn nhanh chdng cua giio due dai hpc ddi hdi ddi ngtt giing vidn khdng chi cin phii ting cudng vd sd luong m i cdn phai ning cao vd chit lupng mdi dip ing dupe ydu ciu dit Trong vai nim gin diy, sd giing vidn cic trudng dai hpc cd xu hudng chuydn khdi nginh giio due ngiy cing ting TTidm vio dd, vide tuydn dung giing vidn d cic trudng dai hpc cung gip nhidu khd khin Sinh vidn tdt nghidp khi, gidi khdng tha thidt lim giing vidn 76 TAPCHfTAMLyHQC,Sd4(157),4-2012 Cd nhidu nguydn nhin din dd'n thyc trang tren, mdt nhing nguyen nbin quan trpng la muc dfch, dpng co giang ilay cua hp chua dupe nhttng nguM cd trich nhiem quan tim dip ing mdt cich tlida ding Do dd, viec nghien ciu mdt sd yd'u td tic ddng ddn ddng co giang day cia giing vien, xic dinh ydu td nio cd vai trd quan trpng, tren co sd dd dd xuit cic bien phip nhim tao dpng luc giing day cho giing vien li viec lam cd f nghia vd mat IJJ luin va thuc tiln Khach the va phuong phip nghidn ciu Phuong phip chfnh dupe s i dung nghien ciu la didu tra bing bing hdi vi phdng vin siu Tdng sd miu nghien ciu dinh lupng li 386 giing vien cua trudng dai hpc tren dia bin Ha Ndi: Dai hpc Khoa hpc xa bdi vi Nhin vin, Dai hpc Su pham Hi Ndi, Dai hpc Bich Khoa Hi Ndi va Hpc vien Ngin hing 'Thdi gian khio sit dupe tidn binh vio nim 2011 Miu phdng vin siu li 30 giing vien Miu khio sit dinh lupng dupe phin bd theo bing dudi diy: Bdng 1: Ddc diim mdu khdch thi nghiin edu TT Tidu chf Khoa boc xa hdi va Nhin van Su pham Ha Ndi Tmdng Dai hpc/H(x: vidn Bach khoa Ha Ndi Ngan hang Nam Gidi tfnh NO Dudi 35 tudi Tudi d6i Ti 35 tudi trd ldn DU(ii 15 nam Tham nien cdng tie Tu 15 namttdldn Ci nhan, thac sy Hpc vi Tien si Sd luong 103 102 91 90 214 172 207 179 308 78 292 94 % 26,7 26,4 23,6 23,3 55.4 44.6 53,6 46,4 79,8 20,2 75,6 24,4 Cd 04 ydu td chu quan dupe gii thuydt li cd tic ddng ddn ddng co giang day cua giang vien dupe nghien ciu bao gdm: Dinh hudng gia tri cua giing vien giang day; Nhin thic cia giing vien vd yeu ciu cia nghd nghiep; Hing thi giang day cua giing vien va Tinh thin, trich nhiem cua giing vien giing day TAP CHf TAM Ly HOC, Sd (157), 4-2012 77 Dd tin ciy cua cic thang nhu sau: - Thang ydu td "Dinh hudng gii tri cia giing vien giing day", gdm f ndi dung, dd tin ciy (Cronbach's Alpha) = 0,84 - Thang ydu td "Nhin thic cua giing vien vd yeu ciu cua nghd nghiep", gdm f ndi dung, dp tin ciy = 0,89 - Thang "Hing thi giang day cua giang vien", gdm f ndi dung, dd tin ciy = 0,68 Thang "Tinh thin, trich nhidm cua giing vidn giing day", gdm y ndi dung, dd tin ciy = 0,80 Mdi y ndi dung cua ting thang ddu cd phuong in tri ldi t i Hodn todn khdng ddng y (tuong duong didm) ddn Hodn todn ddng y (tucmg duong didm) Didm cing cao thi mic dd bidu hidn f ndi dung duoc d ngudi giing vidn cing cao Sau tfnh toin, dinh gii cua giing vidn vd cic ydu td dupe chia thinh mic dd: Mic 1: Bidu hidn khdng rd (DTB t i 1- < 1,80); Mic 2: Bidu hidn khdng rd lim (DTB ttt 1,80 - < 2,60); Mic 3: Mic trung binh (DTB ttt 2,60 - < 3,40); Mic 4: Bidu hidn tuong ddi ro (DTB t i 3,40 - < 4,20); Mic 5: Bidu hidn rit ro (DTB t i 4,20 - < 5,00) Hoat ddng giing day cua giang vidn duoc xic djnh vdi bdn dang dpng co ndi bit, dd li: (1) Ddng co vl ngudi hpc; (2) Ddng co nghd nghidp; (3) E)dng CO ty khang dinh ban thin vi (4) Ddng ca kinh td/thu nhip Ket qua nghien curu 3.1 Khdi qudt ehung ve mpt sd yea tdehu quan a gidng viin 3.1.1 Dinh hu&ng gid tri cua gidng viin Irong gidng dgy Kd't qui nghidn ciu "dinh hudng gii tri cia giing vidn giing day" duoc thd hidn d bing sd lidu sau: Qua bing chung tdi nhin thiy, dinh hudng gii tri giang day cua giang vidn dupe thd hidn rit rd, cd 3/7 y ndi dung cd DTB d mic 4, 4/7 y ndi dung cd DTB d mic Giing vidn dien khio sit da hudng ddn cic gii tri lien quan ddn sinh vien: trang bi tri thic cho sinh vien (DTB = 3,89, xdp d mic 4), giip sinh vien cd kha ning hpc tip sudt ddi (DTB = 4,03, xdp d mic 4) hay giip sinh vien cd kbi ning xin viec (DTB = 4,25, xdp d m i c 5) Tuy nhidn, dinh hudng gii tri cia ngudi giing vidn lidn quan dd'n chinh ban thin hp cd 78 TAPCHfTAMLyHOC,Sd4(157),4-2012 DTB cao hon so vdi cic gii trj lidn quan dd'n sinh vidn, cd 3/4 f ndi dung (4, 5, 6) lidn quan ddn giing vidn cd DTB d mic Bdng 2: Dinh hu&ng gid tri cim gidng viin Irong gidng dgy Cic y ndi dung Giang vidn phai trang bi cho sinh vidn mdt he thdng tri thic dd hp cd tlld duong diu vdi cac vin dd cudc sd'ng Giang day phai giup cho sinh vien co kha nang hpc tap sudt ddi Giang day phai dua lai cho giang vidn mdt ngudn thu nhap du sd'ng Giang day phai dam bao cudc sd'ng dn dinh cho ngudi gians vidn Giang day phai dam bao su an tam cho ngudi giang vidn vi tuong lai sau niy Giang day phai giup cho ngudi giang vidn cd nidm vui Uong cudc sdng Giang day phai giup cho sinh vidn cd kha nang xin viec sau tdt nghiep Tdng DTB SD 3,89 0,94 4,03 0,95 4,17 0,95 4,39 0,83 4,35 0,88 4,39 0,78 4,25 0,84 4,21 0,63 Mic dd 5 5 "C)d ngudn thu nhip du sdng", "dim bio cudc sdng dn dinh", "an tim vd tuang lai", "cd nidm vui cudc sdng" li nhttng gii tri m i giing vien hudng ddn boat ddng giing day cua minh Didu niy cung la de hidu vi suy cho cung giang day cung l i mdt nghd, ngudi giing vien cung phii dupe dim bio nhing didu kien dd tdn tai vi phit tridn Kdt qui khio sit 386 giang vien cho thiy, boat ddng giing day cua giing vien dai hpc dupe thuc diy bdi ddng co sau: ddng ca vi ngudi hpe, DTB = 4,23, xdp vi tri t h i 1; ddng ca nghi nghiep, DTB = 4,06, xdp vi trf thi 2; ddng ca tif khdng dinh bdn thdn, DTB = 4,01, xdp vi trf thi vi ddng ca kinh tilthu nhdp, DTB = 2,80, xdp vi trf thi Viy ma, nghien ciu vd dinh budng gii tri boat ddng giang day cua giing vien, ching ta lai thiy, cic giing vien xic dinh triing qui trinh boat ddng hp hudng ddn cic gii tri lien quan ddn bin thin giang vien nhidu hon, dupe ddng tinh manh me bon so vdi cic gii tri lien quan dd'n sinh vidn?! 3.1.2 Nhgn thdc eua gidng vien viyeu edu eiia nghi nghiip TAP CHf TAM Ly HOC, Sd (157), - 2012 79 Nhin thic cia giing vidn vd ydu ciu cia nghd nghidp duoc thd hidn qua nhin nhin, dinh gii cia giing vien vd nhiing yeu ciu vd ning luc chuyen mfln, nghiep vu su pham, ngoai ngi, kl ning nghien cin cua giing vien v.v Ndi cich Icbic, nd tri ldi ciu bdi giing vien mudn giing day tdt tbi cin phii cd ning luc, phim chi't gi? Kdt qui nghien ciu vd nhin thic cua giing vien vd yeu ciu cua nghd nghiep dupe thd hien d bing sd lieu sau: Bdng 3: Nhdn Ihiic eiia gidng viin vi yiu edu eua nghe nghiep Cic y ndi dung DTB SD Giang vien phai am hidu siu sic linh vuc minh giang day Ddi vdi giang vidn tbi vide gidi ngoai ngtt li thuc su cin thidt Giang vidn phai nim vihig phuong phip giing day bidn dai Ddi v(3i giing vidn thi vide hidu tim \f cua sinh vien li rit quan Uong Ddi vdi giang vidn tbi cin phai lim chu trang thidt bi giang day hien dai Giang vidn phai nhin thic ro yeu ciu cua xa bdi ddi vdi sinh vidn tdt nghidp trudng Tdng 4,58 0,59 Mic dd 4,46 0,71 4,29 0,74 4,27 0,74 4,27 0,76 4,32 0,72 4^ 0,58 Cic sd Ueu d bang tren cho thiy, DTB chung ciia thang niy li 4,36, SD = 0,58, xdp d mic dd 5, cd 6/6 y ndi dung cd DTB d mic Ttt dd, cd thd kdt luin ring giing vien dien khio sit da nhin thic rit td't vd nhttng yeu ciu cua nghd nghiep ddi viSi bin thin hp Trong sd cic yen ciu dupe giing vien danh gii cin phii cd d ngudi giang vien thi "am hidu siu sic linh vyc minh giing day" li ydu ciu cao nhit Qui thit, ndu ngudi giang vidn khdng am hidu siu sic linh vyc minh giing day thi khdng thd truydn tii dupe ndi dung, tri thic cua mdn hijc cho sinh vidn chi chua ndi gi dd'n vide ip dung bay sing tao cic phuong phip giip sinh vidn tidp thu tdt bii giing Chia sd cia giang vidn sau diy li mdt vf du "Yeu edu hdng ddu ddi vdi gidng viin Id phdi am hiiu linh viie minh gidng dgy neu khdng rdt long ngong lin hue gidng Gidng dgy khdng cd hdn, sinh vien sechd minh ciing mdt hdng thd gidng dgy" [Giang vidn nam, 35 tudi, Dai hpc Su pham] TAP CHf TAM Ly HOC, Sd (157), - 2 Trong qui trinh md cia, bdi nhip vdi khu vuc vi trdn thd gidi, vide giing vidn gidi ngoai ngtt li ydu ciu bic thid't bidn Da sd giang vidn tr()ng didn khio sit (359/386 giang vidn, chid'm 93%) ddng f vi hoin toin ddng f ring "Giang vidn cin phai gidi ngoai ngi" Theo 1;^ giii cia nhidu thiy/cd, ngoai ngtt thyc sy la cdng cu, chia khda quan trpng dd md cia tri thic cia nhin loai, cd ngoai ngtt td't mdi cd ning cip nhit tri thic, phucmg phip nghidn ciu hidn dai, lam cho qui trinh giing day cia minh td't hem "Gidng viin gidi ngogi ngU Id thuc su edn thiit vi gidng viin gidi ngogi ngit thi si eo nhiing each lii'p can md, cap nhgt Iri thitc liin liin cda nhdn logi, tham gia cdc diin ddn, hpi thdp khoa hpc cdng cdc nhd khoa hpc Irin thi gi&i vd ddng gop tiing noi cOa minh Ddng Ihdi, qua dd, ndng cao chd't luang gidng dgy vdi sinh viin, hpe vien vd ed nhiing dong gdp xdy dung nhd tru&ng & vi tri mpl ngudi gidng viin cap nhdt khoa hpe hiin dgi" [Giing vidn ntt, 27 tudi, Khoa tipc xa bdi vi Nbin vin] 3.1.3 Hiing Ihu gidng dgy cua gidng vien Hing thi giing day cua giing vidn dai hpc dupe bidu bidn qua mong mudn, nguydn vpng cia giang vidn ddi vdi vide lua chpn nghd giang vien, qua nidm vui qui trinh day bpc, sy gin bd, tim huydt vdi nghd nghiep v.v Kdt qua nghien ciu hing tbi giing day cua giing vien dai hpc dupe thd bien d bang Bdng 4: Hirng thii gidng dgy ciig gidng viin dgi hpc Cac y npi dung DTB Trd giang vidn linh vuc-chuyen mdn hidn la tdi tu chon Ndu cd CO hdi lua chpn lai tdi se khdng lua chpn trd giang vidn* Tdi cd the lam vide hang gid linh vuc chuyen mdn cia minh ma khdng cam tha'y chan nan Tdi da mong udc trd giang vidn linh vuc tdi dang giang day t i la sinh vidn dai hoc Cang giang day tdi thiy minh cang gin bo vdi cdng vide Tdi tim thiy nidm vui dupe giang day linh vuc cua minh Tdng Ghi chu: * - Diem cua y ngi dung ddduac doi nguac lai TAPCHITAMLtHpC,S6'4 (157), 4-2012 SD Mic 4,32 0,80 3,45 1,38 3,78 1,06 3,55 1.26 4,18 0,81 4,19 0,78 3,91 0,65 DTB cua thang niy = 3,91, xd'p d mic Nhu viy so vdi yd'u td chu quan dupe nghidn ciu thi hing tbi giang day cia giang vidn dai bpc d mic thip nhi't Mdt ciu hdi dit li vi hing thi giing day cia giing vidn dai hpc lai d mic thi'p nhi't so vdi nhttng ydu td chu quan khic dupe nghien cttu? Qua kdt qui phdng vi'n siu vi thao luin nhdm cho thiy, phin ldm giing vien ddu tu lya chpn trd thinh giing vien dai hpc Tic li ho ty lya chpn nghd nghiep cho ban thin nhung theo thdi gian, cing vdi nhing ban chd cia chd dd dai ngd, chi'nh sich vd luong/thudng, co sd vit chi't giang day bay mdi trudng lam viec da lim cho hing thu giing day cua hp ngiy cing giim sit 'Tdi chudn bi bdi gidng rd'i cdng phu di cd thi co mdt bdi gidng hay vdi nhiiu slides, clip hdp ddn mudn cho sinh vien xem vd minh hpa cho sinh viin di hieu bdi hpc nhung mang din ldp hay hoay mdi md cdi mdy chieu vdn khdng hogt ddng duac Vdi ldn nhu vdy, ciing khdng cdn hirng thu di gidng dgy niia" [Giing vien nam, 29 tudi, Hpc vien Ngin hing] Cin phii khing djnh ring, mic d i cd DTB thip nhit sd ydu td chu quan dupe nghidn ciu nhung da phin giing vidn didn khio sat vin ddng y ring hp cd hing thi giing day: cd 307/386 giang vidn didn khio sit (chid'm 79,6%) ddng y vi rit ddng f vdi cic y ndi dung dupe nghidn ciu thd hidn hing thi cia giing vidn giang day 3.1.4 Tinh thdn, trach nhiim ciia gidng viin gidng dgy Bdng 5: Tinh thdn, trdeh nhiim cua gidng viin Irong gidng dgy Cac y npi dung Tdi thyc hidn cic cdng viec cia giang vien (giang day, chim bai ) mdt each tan tam Tdi thuc hien nghidm tie Id Irinh nang cao trinh dd khoa/nha trudng ydu ciu Tdi thuc bidn viec chim bii thi theo dung thdi gian mi khoa/nha tmdng ydu ciu Neu khdng c6 ly die bidt tdi se khdng bd bit c i gid day nao Ndu tra khdng kidm tra thudng xuydn thi tdi se nghi day vai budi ma khdng ngai gi* Tdi tham gia cac boat ddng sinh boat chuydn mdn cia td bd mdn/kboa mdt each nghidm luc Tdng DTB SD 4,34 0,69 4,33 0,69 4,31 0,72 4,44 0,78 4,18 1,20 4,39 0,72 4,33 0,58 Mic 5 5 5 Ghi chu: '^ - Diim cda y ndi dung dd dugc ddi ngugc Igi 82 TAP CHf TAM Ly HOC, Sd (157), - 2012