NGHIEN Cl/U ^T»\i.J KE MAY BOC V TOM TU" DONG SHRIMP PEELING MACHINE DESIGN AUTOMATION Dinh Van Thdi", Dang Van Nghin^ Pham Quang Thang' Nguyin C6ng Thilc', KiS'u Nguyin PhiJong Dai, 'Cong ty Co phan Thilc pham Sao Ta 'Vien Ca hoc va Tin hoc Cng dung, Vien Khoa hoc Cong nghe Viet Nam 'BChoa Co khi, Tru6ng Dai hoc Bach Khoa TP H6 Chi Minh TOIM TAT Cong nghiep chebien thuy san noi chung va che bien torn noi riengla nganh dong gop rat quan trong san pham xuat khau cua Viet Nam Tuy nhien, vdi viic so che tdm tii lat dau den hoc vo dU6c thUc hien bang tay nhu hien thi chat lUOng, an toan ve sink, dong deu cua san pham torn xu&t khau phu thuoc vao trinh ciia cong nhan Bai bao trinh bay viec thiet kemdy hoc vb torn giup boc tach thit tdm khdi vo va lam sach chi tdm, dieu mang den cho san pham tdm xuat khau mot chat lUOng tot, dong deu, tinh an toan ve sinh thUc pham vdi nang xuat cao ciing vdi viec giam gia san pham, dieu se mang den nhiing Idi ich thiet thUc cho ngdnh che bien thiiy san lii khoa; Sd che tdm; Boc vo torn ABSTRACT Seafood processing industry in general and shrimp processing sectors in particular are very important contribution in the export products of Vietnam However, with the odd semi-processed shrimp from start to peel done manually at present, the quality, safety, uniformity of shrimp products exported depends on the qualifications of workers This paper presents the design of the machine help peel shrimp peeled shrimp meat out of the shell and cleaned shrimp only, this gives an export shrimp products ofgood quality, uniformity safety and hygiene products with high productivity and a reduction in production costs, which will bring real benefits to the seafood processing industry Keywords: Preliminary shrimp; Peeled shrimp TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, So nam 2014 NGHIEN CUfU - TRAO €)dl l.DATVANDE THIET KE MAY Theo Hiep hoi Che bien va Xuat khau thtiy san Viet Nam (VASEP) dan thong ke tU hai quan cho hay, nam 2013, xuat khau tdm thu ve 3,1 ty USD vdi 88 thi trUdng Xuat khau tom tang manh giiip thuy san vUpt muc tieu 6,5 ty USD dat gan 6,7 ty USD Tdm chiem 46% kim ngach xuat khau thuy san cua ca nUdc 10 thi trUdng nhap khau tom Viet Nam chinh gom My, Nhat Ban, EU, Trung Quoc, Australia, Canada, Dai Loan va ASEAN 2.1 Quy trinh hoc vo torn Nguyen lieu dau vao cua may hoc vo tom la tom da dUpe phan loai cd va lat dau (hinh 1) , ^^^ ' Dieu the hien sU gia tang gia tri cung nhu san lUdng tdm xuat khau SU tang trUdng nhanh se dat yeu cau rat Idn len nganh cong nghiep che bien tdm xuat khau ca ve nhan lUc ISn chat lUdng san pham ThUc hien thang Idi Nghi quyet Hoi nghi Ian thU Tu Ban Chap hanh Trung Udng Dang Khoa X ve Chien lUde Bien Viet Nam den nam 2020, dUa nude ta trd quoc gia manh ve bien va giau len tii bien Nganh Thuy san se trd mot nganh san xuat hang hoa, cd thUdng hieu uy tin, cd kha nang canh tranh cao hoi nhap kinh te quoc te, tren co sd phat huy Idi the cua mot nganh san xuat - khai thac tai nguyen tai tao Hien nay, cong doan lot vo tdm chiem tdi 60% khoi lUdng che bien tdm pham vdi hien trang cac nha may che bien tom s\i dung chu yeu nhan cong de thUc hien viec sd che lot vd tom thi sU tang nhanh cua san lUdng tdm se keo theo yeu can tang so lUdng nhan cdng va mifc dp quan ly chat lUdng cao hdn, dieu se rat khd thUc hien vdi gia nhan cong cang tang cao Tii van de thUc te do, y tUdng thiet ke may cd kha nang thay the ngUdi qua trinh bdc vd torn dUdc dat de giai quyet van de ve gia thanh, nang xuat, chat lUdng cung nhU an toan ve sinh thUc pham trdng cdng ddan bdc vd tdm -^ '* Hinh 1: Nguyen lieu torn dau vao Tom sau dUdc phan loai se dUdc dUdc cap vao bang tai va Ian lUdt di qua cum (hinh 2) nhu sau: CUM KEP CUM LAYVO CUM DINH HUCING, DE CUMXfi LUNG CUM LAY THIT CUM LAY cut Hinh 2: Quy trinh boc vo torn 2.2 Nguyen ly lam viec Vdi quy trinh bdc vd tom nhu tren thi difng tren tU mot he thong cd the xem may boc vd tdm la day chuyen cdng nghe vdi cum gia cdng va viec bo tri cac cum gia cdng phai dam bao se khong anh hUdng den khong gian lam viec ciia may ciing nhu sU tien Idi trdng thao tac van hanh, bao dUdng Thong thUdng, thiet ke mot day chuyen, dieu dau tien ma ngUdi thiet ke nghi den la day chuyen dang t h i n g bdi no mang den sU d l "^ TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, So nam 2014 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN ClifU - TRAO DOI dang ket cau ciing nhU tU nhUng nd ciing lam cho kich thudc cong kenh, nang suat co the khong dap Ung dUpc yeu cau de Tii may bdc vd tom vdi yeu cau nho gpn, nang suat cao se sijf dung nguyen tac cau hoa thiet ke (hinh 3) nham thu gpn thiet ke dong thdi de dang dap Ung dupe cdng suat lam viec ciia cac nha may cdng nghiep che bien 2.3 Tinh toan thiet ke Thong sd dau vao ciia may bdc vd tdm: - Nang suat yeu cau: 5000 con/gid - Kha nang cdng nghe: Bdc vd dUpc tdm tU c6 16-20 cdn/pound den 41-50 cdn/pdund 2.3.1 Cum kep tom Do cd cum gia cdng nen tii yeu cau dd ta phai tien hanh thiet ke cum kep torn dUdc b6 tri deu tren banh dan nhU hinh 4: Hinh 3: Sd nguyen ly may boc vo torn Nguyen ly boat dpng: Nguyen lieu tdm dau vao dupe xep tren bang tai cap tdm (1) nhd cdng nhan, sau tdm cap vao thi cum kep (2) se tdm lay tdm, cum kep cd vai trd van chuyen tdm Ian lupt qua cac cum gia cong khac, dong thdi dinh vi tdm, cum kep van chuyen tdm qua cum de (3), cum cd tac dung gdp phan dinh hinh tom ddng thdi lam giam sii dinh ket cua thit va vd tdm va tdm dUdc qua cum tach dot cuoi (4) nham tach dot cuoi ciing cua tdm khdi nhUng dot cdn lai de d6 dang viec xe va lay thit tdm cdng doan tiep theo, tiep den tdm den cum xe lUng (5), mot dao cat se tien hanh cat lung tdm, viec xe lung tdm cd y nghia rat quan trpng vi khdng nhiing giup lay chi tdm dUdc de dang d cdng doan sau ma cdn giup hinh kieu dang tdm mong muon Sau dUdc cat, tdm se dUdc lay chi d cum danh chi (6), tiep den la cdng doan tach thit khdi vd dUdc thUc hien d cum lay thit (7), liic thit tom rdi khoi vd de di vao khay chUa, tren cum kep liic chi cdn vo tdm va nd se dUdc lam sach khdi may nhd vao cum tach vd (8), mot chu trinh bdc vd tdm hoan thanh, cum kep quay trd ve vi tri dau tien de phuc vu cho chu trinh tiep theo i Cum kep; Banh dan dong cum kep Hinh 4: Sd bo tri cum kep Xuat phat tU yeu cau thiet ke dau tien ciia may la: 5000 (cou/gid ) Dau tien ta chpn banh dSn la mot banh rang tru rang thing Idn cd cum kep tU dd suy van toe vdng tren mam dinh vi laq " " 60^ (y°'^3/phut) Trong dd: q: nang suat yeu cSu (con/gid); x: so cum kep 5000 125 vbng Suy ra: n = ^ 13,89 ( ^i 60.6 •9 ^phuf' 2.3.2.Cum de torn Bp phan chinh cua cum de tdm chinh la Ian de dUdc truyen dpng quay dong thdi nd se tao lUc nen F len than tdm (hinh 5) TAP CHI CO KHi VIET NAM Sd nam 2014 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN CUfU - TRAO DOI 2.3.4 Cum danh chi tdm Cum danh chi tdm (hinh 7) gom cd chdi danh chi (1) dUdc lam bang nhUa, quay ngupc chieu de lam sach dUdng chi tdm (2) Vdi dac diem lam sach dUdng chi tdm ma khdng anh hudng xau den chat lUdng thit la dieu quan trpng thi can phai thi nghiem vdi cac toe dp khac de tim dUdc thong so toi Uu la dieu can thiet fy ' 1) Con Ian de 2) Than tdm; 3) Cum kep torn Hinh 5: Cum de torn ' ':: ,''T 2.3.3 Cum xe liing tdm Cum xe lUng (hinh 6): cd phan chinh la dao cat dang ffia trdn (1) quay vdi toe cao de xe lUng tdm giiip dinh hinh kieu tdm pham dong thdi anh hUdng den cdng doan danh chi va lay thit sau dd Viec xac dinh lUc cat can thiet cua dao dia la rat quan trpng, nd quyet dinh den chat lUdng pham, theo nghien cUu [1] thi liic cat can thiet dUde xac dinh bang dUdng thUe nghiem bing each ngan loadcell len dao de cae che dp khac qua dd tim dUdc lUc can thiet F = 22 N Vdi yeu cau tad dUdc nhieu kieu tdm khac nen dao cat cd the de dang dieu chinh de thay doi chieu sau cat H L^^i / ••' / ! ' { ^k:- •— _'' A " -~-'r;j _ Hirdng tdm di chuv^n 1) Choi danh chi torn; 2) Chi tdm 3) Than tom; 4) Kep tom Hinh 7: Cum danh chi 2.3.5 Cum lay thit torn Cau tao cum lay thit nhU (hinh 8) bao gom: Cac kim (4) dUde gan tren true trUpt mang kim (2) se giup lay di phan thit khdi vd tdm De dieu khien cho true trUdt (2), ta dung mot cam (1) ^ ~^"^'' :y.:^ / r ; ^ "4 1) Dao cat dang dia; 2) Thanh dinh vi; 3) Than torn; 4) Kep torn; 5) Chi torn Hinh 6: Xe lUng torn n 1) Cam; 2) True trUdt mang kim 3) Ranh trUdt; 4) Kim lay thit Hinh 8: Cum lay thit TAP CHI C O KHI VIET NAM, So nam 2014 www.cokhlvietnam.vn NGHIEN cOfU - TRAO 061 2.3.6 Cum tach vd tdm KET LUAN Vdi tac dung loai bd vd tdm khdi may nen nd cung cd thiet ke tUdng tU nhU cum danh chi nhUng nd chi cd mot chdi qua trdn Chung tdi da thiet ke may (hinh 10) vdi nang suat 200 (kg/gid) cd kich thUdc bao: 1200 (mm) x 710 (mm) x 1100 (mm) (dai x rong x cao) 2.3.7 Sd truyen ddng cua may Tren cd sd thiet ke nay, chung tdi dang che tao lap rap va thi nghiem may May dupe thiet ke (hinh 9) vdi mot dong ca xoay chieu pha truyen ddng chinh den banh dan, tU day cac cd cau truyen ddng hanh tinh se dupe bo tri xung quanh banh d^n de lay cdng suat tU banh dan de truyen cho cae cum gia cdng Hinh 10: Thiet ke tong the 1) Banh dan; 2) Khoi cum kep Hinh 9: Sd dong chinh cua may Nhflng ket qua thUe nghiem ban dau ehUng to may dap Ung dUdc vdi yeu cau di ra.*> Ngay nhan bai: 12/3/2014 Ngay phan bien: 15/4/2014 Tai lieu tham khac: [Ij Sirintra Boonsumrej, Saiwarun Chaiwanichsiri, Sumate Tantratian, Toru Suzuki, Rikuo Takai, Effects of freezing and thawing on the quality changes of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) frozen by air-blast and cryogenic freezing, 2006 [2] Jonsson, Shrimp Peeling Systems - For Faster, Better, Cheaper Shrimp Processing, Jonsson 2011 13] Huynh Chi Hy, Researching, Designing and Manufacturing of a Device for Shrimp Cutting and Straightening to Export, MEng Thesis, University of Technical Education Ho Chi Minh City, 2012 TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, S6 nam 2014