BUOC
DAU
TIMHIEUMOTSO
BIEU HIEN
DAC
TRUNG
TRONG
• •
GIAO
TIEP
CUANGUOI HUE
Oau
Minh Long
Khoa
Tdm ly - Gido
due,
Tnfdng DHSP Hue.
1.
Dat vain de
Hue - di sin vin hda cua nhan
loai,
tu
liu
da trd thanh diem den ha'p din
cua du khich trong nudc va qud'c te. Hue dep khdng chi bdi nhGng canh sic
thien nhien, khdng
chi
vi nhung ling tim, ddn dai ma Hue cdn quydn ru bdi
nhGng ndt ddc dio khic. Dd chfnh
la
vin hda giaotiepcua ngudi
Tlue.
Trai qua
bao thing tram cua
lich
su, do nhidu cin nguyen khac nhau,
die
biet
la sir
anh
hudng siu sic cua Nho giao, cua Phit giao va nhung
die
diem ve dieu kien tu
nbidn - van hda - xa hdi da
lim
cho ngudi Hue cd nhGng die trungtronggiao
tie'p rii rieng, tbim tram, siu lang va kfn dao, khd cd the
lin
vao bai cG noi nao.
Nhung dactrunggiao tidp dd, xet tren nhieu binh dien khic nhau, nd vGa cd
nhung uu diem, vGa cd nhung ban chd nhii dinh.
Trong xu the phat tridn, hgi nhap hien nay, viec nghien cGu cic die
trung tronggiaotiepcua ngudi Hue vua cd y nghia
ly
luan,
vGa cd y nghia thuc
tidn. Nd se la co sd khoa hgc dd chung ta hieu sau hon vd cich ung xu cua
ngudi Hue ndi rieng va con ngudi Hue ndi chung.
2.
Mgt sd bieuhiendactrungtronggiaotiepcua ngudi Hue
Die
trungtronggiao tidp cd thd dugc xem la nhGng net ridng biet, tieu
bieu ve giao tidp, thd hien qua cich ndi ning, xung hd, Gng xu cua mdt ci
nhin hoic mdt nhdm ngudi va cd thd phin biet vdi ca nhin khac, nhdm ngudi
khic.
52
TAP
CHI'
TAM
Ly
HOC,
Sd
1
(130),
1 -
2010
Khi
nghidn cuu cac die trung trong
giao tidp ciia
ngudi Hue. chung tdi
tip trung nghien cun
bidu hien
d cic phuong d.en cu thd nhu ngdn ngG
tranc
phuc,
cu
chi,
hinh ddng, trong ddi sdng gia dinh va xa hgi.
2.1.
Bieuhien a phuang dien ngdn ngu
Ngdn ngG
la
phuong tien giao tidp quan trgng nhii
ciia
con ngudi.
Khi
ndi de'n
die
trung trong
giao tidp
cua mgt din tdc, mgt vung midn thi khdng thd
khdng ndi den ngdn ngu.
Die
didm
ndi
bit cua ngdn ngG ngudi Hue chfnh la su
nhd nhe, le phep. Die trung niy dugc bit ngudn tG ydu td tu nhien vi yeu td
lich su - xa hdi. Hue, vdi thien nhien tho mdng, sdng nudc hGu tinh Nhd vay,
ngudi Hue thudng nhd nhe trong
Idi
ndi,
trong
each
Gng xu hang ngiy. Ngudi
Hue thudng dung tu "dg, dg thua" nhu mdt tG dem, Idi
ndi
cua mieng cho viec
xung hd. Viec su dung ngdn ngG niy cua ngudi Hud cd thd dugc ly giai tu gdc
do lich su nhu sau: Hue tGng
li
thu phu cua xG Ding Trong, rdi trd thanh
kinh
dd cua dii nudc. Ngoai cung cim, Hud cdn nhidu phu de, quan vien, con vua,
chau chGa Vua chua, vdi quydn uy cua minh, khdng can in to ndi Idn, quan
lai
khdng dam ndi to trudc dGc vua va tridu thin. Chdn kinh ki
Idi
ndi phai nhd
nhe,
tG
tdn, cin trgng.
Mdt die didm khic, khi die trungcua ngdn ngG ngudi Hue la
sir
mdc
mac,
gian di trong cich xung hd, trong
Idi
in tidng ndi hing ngiy. Cic nhi
ngdn ngG hgc khi phin chia cac phuong ngu cua tidng Viet, tbim chf da coi
'Tieng
Line'
nhu li mgt phuong ngG rieng, khdng
lin
vdi bii ky phuong ngG
nio.
Khi giao tiep, ngudi Hue thudng sir dung cic tu ngG dia phuong nhu md,
te,
ring, rua, man, chi, he, bf cung vdi
sir
chii phic, that thi, tdi bung cua
minh. Tii ca nhGng yeu td dd da lam cho ngdn ngG ngudi Hue trd
nen
nggt
ngao,
dam i'm, day sGc quydn rG
Idng
ngudi
2.2.
Bieu Men
dphuang
dien trang phuc, cu chi, hdnh ddng
Mgt trong nhGng bidu hien
die
trung khi ddc dio tronggiao tidp cua
ngudi Hud dd chfnh la trang phuc. Ngudi Hud thudng rii gian di, ft cau ki trong
in mac. Didu nay dugc bidu hien d ca ngudi binh din, ci cin bd, trf thuc,
cgng
chuc Nhi nudc. Ngudi ta thudng ndi, nhin trang phuc doin nhin cich, doin
nghe nghiep, hoan canh Ddi vdi ngudi Hud thi dd qui li mdt viec lim khd
khin.
TAP CHI TAMLy
HOC,
Sdl
(130),
1-2010
53
Ndi den trang phuc cua ngudi Hud, ta khdng thd khdng ndi de'n ta ao dai
ciia
ngudi phu nu noi day. Cung vdi
chide
ndn Bai tho, ao dai Hue da trd thanh
mdt bidu tugng dep cua Cd dd. Ve dep diu dang, e le, kin dio cua ngudi phu nG
Hud, mdt phin cung do ta io dai tao nen.
Didu lam say dim
Idng
ngudi khi den Hue ngoai canh sic thien nhien,
ngoai Idi ndi nhd nhe, ngoii ta ao tim mdng mO cdn la sU diu dang, doan trang
trong cu chi, hanh ddng cua con ngudi noi day. Tronggiao tie'p, ngudi Hue
ludn hidu khich vi coi trgng tinh cam. Vi viy, ngudi Hue ludn biet
ling
nghe y
kidn cua ngudi khic, khdng vdi vang, vd vip. Trong boat dgng, ngudi Hue rii
tu tdn, didm dam; di dung thi nhe nhang, khoan thai. Cung
each
giaotiepcua
ngudi Hue thd bidn d Id nghia, nd ndp, kfnh tren nhudng dudi.
2.3.
Bieu Men trong ddi sdng gia dinh vd ngodi xd hoi
Gia dinh la td i'm cua
mdi
ngudi,
la
noi vun dip tinh
yeu
thuong,
la
noi
se chia nhGng vui budn cua ddi sdng thudng nhat. Cich
c\x
xu trong gia dinh
cua ngudi Hue thd hien siu sic cic
die
trungtrong Gng xu cua hg.
O
Hue cd
nhieu gia dinh sdng theo kidu "Tam dai ddng dudng", "TG dai ddng dudng".
Nghia li ba, bdn the he sdng dudi mgt mai nha chung, rai dim i'm, hda thuin.
Dd la bidu hien tfnh miu muc cua gia dinh truyen thd'ng.
Trong gia dinh, ngudi Hue sdng cd trdn cd dudi, ngudi nhd hon phii
nghe Idi ngudi Idn hon. Bidu hien rd nhii
la Id
nghi "di thua, ve trinh". Nd da
trd thinh ndp sdng, thinh tiem thuc cua ngudi Hue. Vi hanh phuc gia dinh ma
ngudi Hud ludn chgn cho minh mdt cich sdng rieng, ngudi nhd hon thi nhin
nhin. ngudi
Idn
hon thi miu muc,
mgi
ngudi ludn nhudng nhin nhau, cd bet sGc
dd giu cho gia dinh hoa thuin, i'm dm. Giao
due
gia dinh rii dugc ngudi Hue dd
cao va thuc td diy la ydu td rii quan trgng trong viec hinh thanh, phit tridn
nhin cich cua con ngudi noi diy. Gin nhu tii ca cac
Id
nghi, cac
each
thGc
sdng, ung xu cua ngudi Hue ddu dugc giao
due
ngay trong gia
dinh.
Nhd viy
ma tronggiao tidp, Gng xu, ngudi Hue thudng cd y thuc tdi ve nhGng
vice nen
lam vi khdng nen lim, nhGng didu
nen
ndi va khdng nen ndi; cGng nhu each
ung xir vdi tung
mdi
quan he cu thd
giGa
anh vdi em. cha me vdi con. chdng vdi
vg
3.
Ket luan
54
TAP
CHI'
TAM
Ly
HOC.
Sd
1
(130),
1 -
2010
Mdi dan tdc, mdi vGng midn deu cd nhung
die
trung ridng vd giao tie'p,
Gng xu. Ngudi
Flue,
vdi tii ca cac cin nguyen rieng cua minh da tao ra nhGng
die trung rai rieng ve giao tidp va Gng
xir.
NhGng
die
trung dd dugc the hien
thdng qua
each
ndi nang nhd
nhe.
Id phep, thdng qua cich su dung trang phuc
kfn dao, gian di, thdng qua viec giG gin cac chuan muc cua gia dinh truydn
thdng hay la su chit che trong ddi sdng cdng ddng Trong xu the phat tridn,
ddi mdi chung cua dii nudc, nhung die trung dd la net dep,
la
ban sic rieng cin
dugc gin giG, phit huy.
Tren diy chi
li
nhGng bidu hien budc diu vd die trunggiao tidp cua
ngudi Hue. Vi'n dd nay cin dugc nghien cGu siu va cd he thdng hon, cGng nhu
tG nhidu gdc do khic nhau. Cd nhu viy chung ta mdi hieu dugc day du vd giao
tidp va con ngudi xG Hue.
Tai lieu tham khao
1.
Duong Van An (1961),
O
Chdu can
luc.
Van boa A Chau, Sai Gon.
2.
Phan Thuan An (1988), Mat sd
di
tich lich sif
vdn
hda tgi
Thitdn
An, Van hoa Binh
Tri Thien.
3.
Vuong Huu Ld (1992), Cdc dgc diem
ngil dm ciia tieng
Hue,
Thong tin khoa hoc va
cong
nghe.
Hue'.
4.
Hoang Phe (chu bien) (2006),
Tif dien Tieng
Viet,
Nxb Da
.Ning.
5.
Nhieu
tie
gia (1998), Cd dd
Hue
Dep
vd
Tha,
Nxb Thuan Hoa, Hue.
TAP CHI'TAMLy
HOC,
Sd
1
(130), 1 -2010
-''^
. bieu hien dac trung trong giao tiep cua ngudi Hue
Die
trung trong giao tidp cd thd dugc xem la nhGng net ridng biet, tieu
bieu ve giao tidp, thd hien.
Mgt trong nhGng bidu hien
die
trung khi ddc dio trong giao tidp cua
ngudi Hud dd chfnh la trang phuc. Ngudi Hud thudng rii gian di, ft cau ki trong