Báo cáo "Tư tưởng Hồ Chí Minh về uy tín người lãnh đạo " pot

TU TUONG HO CHI MINH VE UYTIN NGUOI L^NH DAO Phan Thanh Gian Hoc vien Chinh tri - Hdnh chinh khu vifc 111. 1. Quan diem cua Ho Chi Minh ve uy tin ngudi can bd lanh dao Chu tich Hd Chf minh li ngudi dac biet coi trgng, quan tim den vi'n de cin bd vi cdng tie can bd. Bdi theo Ngudi: "Cdn bg Id ecu ddy truyen ciia bg mdy. Neu ddy truyen khdng tdt, khdng chgy thi dgng ca dii tdt, dii chay todn bg mdy cung te liet""^^\ Khdng nhGng thd, Ngudi cdn xem: cin bd li cii gd'c cua mgi viec, "la den vdn ciia Dodn thd"^^\ Cd vd'n mdi lam ra lai. Bai cu chfnh sich, cdng tac gi ndu cd can bd tdt thi thanh cdng, tuc la cd lai. Khdng cd cin bd tdi thi hdng viec, tuc li Id vdn. VI the, mdt ydu cau bit huge ddi vdi ngudi cin bg phii li ngudi cd du due, du tai, cd uy tin trudc dan. Ngudi can bg cd uy tfn li ngudi dugc din tin, din phuc, din yeu vi din se giup dd, nhu viy viec gi cGng thanh cong. Do dd: "Ddng vien ndo khong dugc ddn tin, ddn phuc, ddn yeu thi chua ximg ddng Id ngifdi ddng vien ciia Ddng lao dgng Viet Nam""^^\ Theo Chu tich Hd Chf Minh, ngudi can bg cd uy tin phai la ngudi cd dao due each mang. Bdi, quin sir gidi, song ndu khdng cd dao due cich mang thi khd thanh cdng. Va, mud'n cd dao due cich mang thi phii cd: Trf - Tin - Nhin - DGng - Lidm. Nhu viy, chG Tfn la mgt ngi dung die biet quan trgng trong ndi dung dao dGc cich mang cua Hd Chf Minh, va ngi dung cua nd li: "ndi cii gi phii cho tin - ndi va lam cho nhii trf - lam thd nao dc cho din tin - cho bg ddi tin d mmh"'*'. Chfnh vl the, chG Tfn theo quan niem nay khdng phii chi li su thuyet phuc bing Idi ndi, viec lam dd cho mgi ngudi tin d minh, ma dieu quan trgng hon li phii ndi cai gi? va lim nhu the nao? dd giy dung vi giu dugc nidm tin, su tin tudng dd cua quin chung. Vi, Idi ndi va viec lam vua la hlnh thuc bidu hien vua li kdt qua va la thudc do phin anh mdt each cd dgng nhii toin bg nhung nhung phim chii nhin cich cua ngudi lanh dao. 2. Quan diem ciia Ho Chi Minh ve xay dung uy tin ngudi can bg lanh dao Dd cd uy tfn trudc nhin din, ddi hdi ngudi cin bd lanh dao phai ludn cd dii nhirng phim chii - ning lire dip ung dugc nhung yeu ciu ciia tinh hlnh thuc tidn dat ra. Chfnh vi viy, d mdi giai doan lich su cu thd khic nhau cua cugc each mang giai TAP CHI'TAMLy HOC. Sd 1 (130), 1-2010 39 phdng din tdc, cdng cugc xiy dung, bao ve Td qud'c, Hd Chf Minh lai dd ra nhGng tieu chi cu thd dd xiy dung va phit tridn ddi ngu can bg. Trong thdi ky chung ta chua cd chinh quyen, dang phai boat ddng bf mat thi vi'n dc dau tien, cd tfnh chii sdng cdn la vi'n dd can bd va trong cdng tac can bd Hd Chf Minh hdt sue quan tim ddn viec xay dung "tu each" ngudi can bd each mang. De lanh dao dugc quan chung, nhai thiet ngudi can bd phai cd du tu each. Tu each ngudi can bd cich mang dugc xem xet, danh gia trong cac mdi quan he: vdi ban thin minh, vdi con ngudi va vdi doan the. Ngay khi chuin bi cho ldp can bd dau tidn, Hd Chi Minh da dd ra he tieu chuin cd tfnh bit budc ma ngudi can bd can phai phin di'u, tu dudng, ren luyen dd trd thanh ngudi cd tu each dao due each mang, dd la: "Tu minh phai: Can kiem. Hda ma khdng tu. Ca quyet sua Idi minh. Cin than ma khdng nhut nhit. Hay hdi. Nhin nai. Chiu khd. Hay nghien cuu, xem xet. Vi cdng vong tu. Khdng hidu danh, khdng kieu ngao. Ndi thi phai lam. Giu chu nghia cho virng. Hy sinh. It long ham mud'n vd vat chii. Bi mat"*"''. Bdi, ldp can bd each mang diu tidn nay neu khdng kidn tri, khdng nhin nai, khdng dam xa thin thi khdng the lanh dao quin chung lam cich mang; ddi vdi ngudi khac, la xem xet can bd trong viec ung xu, giii quyet cdng viec trong mdi quan he vdi mgi ngudi dd lanh dao quan chung thuc hien muc tieu cua cich mang. Vi viy, Hd Chf Minh yeu cau: Vdi tGng ngudi phai khoan thG. Vdi doan thd phai nghiem. Cd Idng bay ve cho mgi ngudi. True ma khdng tao bao. Hay xem xet ngudi. Tu cich ngudi can bd cdn dugc the hien qua mdi quan he vdi cdng viec, ngudi can bd phai cd tfnh chu ddng, sang tao, tfnh quyet doin, tfnh ky luat va Idng qua cam. Diy la nhung ddi hdi khdng thd thieu ddi vdi ngudi cin bg nhim lim cho hg cd sGc hut, sGc hi'p din Idi cudn quin chung. Vi, thidu mgt trong nhGng due tfnh tren thi khd cd thd hoan thanh dugc nhiem vu, nhii la luc gap khd khin va tinh hlnh thay ddi. Viec tuydn chgn can bd, theo U6 Chf Minh, phai cin cu vao cdng tac, vio nhGng ngudi hing bii nhiet tinh, biei hy sinh, bidt each lam viec va giai quyet cic vi'n dd sat vdi hoan canh, sat vdi quan chung, bidt each cd dgng va thuydt phuc quan chung, dugc quin chung tfn nhiem dd bd sung can bd cho Dang, cho phong trio. Ngoai ra, dd trd thanh ngudi can bd lanh dao khdng chi cin cG vao didu kien trung thanh ma cdn phai cd sir nhin thuc chfnh tri dung din va kinh nghiem cdng tac. Nhii la phai cd ning luc phan tfch tinh hinh mdt each dung din, giai quydt vi'n de mdt each mau le, gip khd khin nguy cap khdng hoing hdi bdi rdi. Phii cd ning luc td chuc biet sip dit cdng viec va chgn ngudi phu trach, phai dugc quin chung, ding vidn tfn phuc, hon nGa, phai cd ning lire su pham kheo leo dd van ddng, thuyet phuc, Idi keo quan chung theo minh, ung hd minh. Sau khi chung ta gianh dugc chfnh quydn (thdi ky vGa khang chien vGa kien qud'c), dieu kien mdi bit dau, ngudi can bd each mang tG trong dieu kien boat ddng bf mat, bi khung bd, bi dit ra ngoii vdng phap luat. Tig trd thanh cdng chuc, cd chuc vu, cd quyen lire, cdng tie trong cac co quan cua Dang va Nha nudc ta. Luc nay hg rat de thay ddi, bidn chii, hg cd thd dung trdn din, quan lieu, bich dich, xa din, thu ven lgi ich ca nhin neu nhu ho khdng tu tu dudng, ren luyen, khdng thudng xuyen 40 TAP CHI TAM Ly HOC, Sd 1 (130), 1 - 2010 dugc giao due va dugc td chuc kidm tra, giim sit. Ndu d thdi ky trudc, dao due cao nhii cua ngudi can bg li long trung thinh, dim xi thin cho cich mang, thi trong thdi ky cd chfnh quyen, ngoii nhGng tieu chf dd, cin bg cdn phii bidt cich lam viec'^ biet chd'ng lai nhGng cin benh mdi nhu trii phep, cay the, hu hda, tu tung, kieu ngao, chia re Nhan rd vi'n de nay, Hd Chf Minh da die biet chu y den ddn viec xiy dung dgi ngG cin bd vdi tu each la ngudi lanh dao vi li cdng bgc ciia dan. Vi the, ngay tu ngay dau khi mdi gianh dugc chfnh quydn, Hd Chf Minh da yeu ciu ngudi cin bd each mang phai lam viec theo nguyen tic: "Viec gi cd lgi cho din, ta phai hei sue lam; viec gi cd hai cho din ta phai hdt sue trinh phai yeu din, kfnh din thi din mdi ydu ta, kfnh ta"'^''. Cin bd: "cic co quan cua Chfnh phu tu toin qudc ddn cic ling, ddu li cdng bgc cua din"'^'. Cho nen. dao due cua ngudi cin bg luc nay li lugn luon lam viec vi Ding, vi din, chf cdng vd tu thd hien ban linh chfnh tri, phim chat cich mang, Idng tu tin va ning luc hoan thinh nhiem vu trudc bii ky khd khin nao. Ydu cau ddi vdi ngudi cin bg giai doan niy li phii vua "hdng" vGa "chuydn". Cho nen, mud'n danh gii cin bd phai li'y uy tfn va hieu qua cdng viec la tieu chf CO ban, thudc do chu yeu. Do viy, mdt ydu cau bit huge dit ra vdi ngudi lanh dao phong trio, lanh dao quan chung nhin din la phai bidt xiy dung vi cung cd uy tfn cdng tac cua minh; dugc quin chung tin cay, thua nhin; li ngudi bidt tip hgp quan chung, td chuc cic boat dgng va cac phong trio quin chung. 3. Van dung nhirng tu tudng Ho Chi Minh trong xay dung uy tin ngudi can bg trong bdi canh hien nay Trong sir nghiep day manh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda toin dien dii nudc hien nay, vai trd cua ngudi lanh dao cing dugc khing dinh rd net tim quan trgng cua minh. Uy tfn cua ngudi lanh dao cd inh hudng manh me den sir phit tridn cua td chuc. Neu ngudi lanh dao cd uy tfn - dugc din tin, din phuc, din yeu thi din se ung hg, giup dd va nhu viy mgi cdng viec se dugc thuc hren mgt cich nhanh chdng vdi hieu qua cao. Thuc te da cho thi'y li cung mdt td chuc bg miy, cung mdt co chd chfnh sich gidng nhau nhung d co quan, don vi, dia phuong nao cd ngudi lanh dao gidi, cd uy tfn thi d dd ddi sdng cua ngudi lao dgng khgng ngimg dugc cai thien, don vi hoin thanh xuat sic nhiem vu va ngugc lai. De giy dung dugc Idng tin, sir khim phuc va tinh cam quy men cua quan chung ddi vdi minh thi ngudi lanh dao phii dung tren lip trudng giai ci'p cdng nhin dd bao ve lgi fch cua ngudi din. Mud'n viy tmdc hei ddi hdi ngudi lanh dao phai thfch ling dugc vdi nhGng chuydn bidn cua tinh hlnh mdi, dip ung dugc nhGng yeu ciu ddi hdi cua thdi ky diy manh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda dii nudc. Trong giai doan hien nay, nhGng tieu chuin chung ddi vdi ngudi lanh dao d nudc ta dugc Dai hdi X ndu ra la: "xiy dung dgi ngu cin bg cd bin linh chfnh tn vung ving, cd dao due cich mang trong sang, cd chuyen mdn nghiep vu dip ung yeu ciu cua thdi ky diy manh cdng nghiep hda. hien dai hda"'*''. Nhu viy, nhung tieu chuin chung cua ngudi can bg dugc thd hien tren 3 mat co bin: Phim chii TAP CHI TAMLy HOC. Sdl (130), I -2010 41 chfnh tri tu tudng; Dao due, Idi sdng; Trinh do, ning luc. Ba mat nay cd quan he chit che, huu co vdi nhau tao thanh "tu cich" cua ngudi can bd va cung la nhGng tieu chf dd ngudi can bg hudng tdi trong qui trinh xiy dung uy tfn cua minh. - Pham chat chinh tri tu tudng la linh hdn cua ngudi lanh dao, nd thd hien d lip trudng chfnh tri, d khuynb hudng boat ddng cua ngudi lanh dao. Ban linh chfnh tri vung ving la co sd cho viec xu ly mdt each tinh tao cac tinh hudng phat sinh trong thuc tidn. Diy la nhin td tmc tiep anh hudng den sir thanh cdng hay that bai cua ngudi lanh dao trong viec xu ly cac tinh hudng, vi'n de nhay cam. Trong giai doan hien nay trudc nhung vi'n dd phuc tap va nhay cam cua cugc sdng ngudi lanh dao can phai thd hien dugc ban Ilnh cua minh dd giy dung long tin trong quan chung cung nhu dung vung trudc nhung tie ddng nhidu chieu cua cugc sdng; duong dau vdi nhGng thich thuc, cam dd cua cugc sdng va dd tu tin trong hanh ddng "dam nghi, dam lam, dam chiu trach nhiem". Nhung bidu hien cua pham chat chfnh tri tu tudng 0 ngudi lanh dao qua mdt so khfa canh co ban nhu: ngudi lanh dao ludn cd y thuc chinh tri trong mgi cdng viec cua minh; cd kha ning phat hien cac khuynh hudng chfnh tri va nhin ra cac van de chfnh tri trong ddi sdng hang ngay; biet van dung dung din, sang tao cac quan didm, dudng Idi, chfnh sach cua Dang va Nha nudc vao trong cdng viec cua minh va biet di'u tranh chd'ng lai nhung luan dieu xuydn tac, phin ddng dd bao ve cac quan didm cua Dang mdt each khoa hgc. - Ndi tdi dao due la ndi tdi tfnh nhan, tfnh thien d mdi con ngudi, la ndi tdi luan thudng dao ly cua con ngudd, la ndi tdi nhung chuin muc xa hdi ma mdi ngudi phai tuin theo. Nhu vay, dao due chfnh la cai cdi ben trong, la khuynh hudng tdi trong tim cua mdi ngudi, nd chi phdi toan bd nhGng suy nghi ben trong va hanh vi bdn ngoai cua chu thd khien cho nhung ngudi xung quanh cd dugc sir chuydn hda, an vui va lgi fch. Dao due cua ngudi can bd dugc Hd Chf Minh due kei trong bdn chu: Can, Kiem, Liem, Chfnh. Dao due cua ngudi lanh dao dugc the hien qua mdi quan he va each xu the cua hg vdi chinh minh; vdi nhGng ngudi bi lanh dao, vdi cdng viec va vdi mdi trudng. Trong quan he vdi chinh minh, ngUdi can bd phai can cu chiu khd, khdng ngai khd, khdng ngai khd; sir tiet kiem, khdng xa hoa lang phf; su lidm khiei, trong sach, khdng tham nhGng, khdng lgi dung chuc vu quydn han cua minh de mUu cau lgi fch ridng, sach nhidu nhin din; sir chfnh true, ngay thang, cdng tim ludn lam theo ky cuong phep nudc, theo dung phap luat. Trong quan he vdi cdng viec, ngudi can bd phai nhiet tinh vdi cdng viec, cd tinh yeu vdi cdng viec, dam me va say me lam vice; cd luong tam vdi cdng viec, trung thuc trong cdng vide; cd tinh than, y thuc trach nhiem vdi cdng viec, lam viec bet minh, lam den noi den chdn, cin than va theo dudi cdng viec den cGng; cd bin linh trong cdng viec, thd hien d tinh than dam nghi, dam lam va dam chiu trach viem vdi cdng viec minh lam; cd sang kien trong cdng viec, dd la su sing tao trong cdng viec ma khdng chi'p nhin sir tri tie lac hiu, bao thu trong each nghi va each 42 TAP CHI TAM Ly HOC. Sd 1 (130), 1-2010 lam; cd nguyen tic trong cdng viec; ddng thdi phai ludn cd y thuc hop tic trong cdng viec voi ngudi khac de dat tdi muc tieu Chung. • Trong quan he vdi cap dudi (nhGng ngudi hi lanh dao), ngudi lanh dao phai khoan dung do lugng vdi mgi ngudi, ludn nhin thi'y nhung nhin td tfch cue tidn bd 0 nguoi khac; nhiet tinh giup do mgi ngudi; chin thinh vdi moi ngudi, khdn- dung thu doan VOI cip dudi, yeu quy, hda ddng vdi moi ngudi; khiem ton, tdn trona moi nguoi, khong len mat quan cich, bich dich vdi ci'p dudi; tmng thuc, ndi ludn di ddi voi lam; thuc td, khdng xa rdi cugc sdng ma phai ludn bim sat nhung nhu ciu va Igi ich thiet thuc cua quin chung; guong miu trong dao due va Idi sdng; ddi xu cdng bing vdi mgi ngudi, khdng thien vi, tu tinh ci nhin (chf cdng vd tu). Trong quan he vdi mdi trudng, ngudi cin bd thin thien vdi mdi trudng khdng giy d nhiem mdi trudng, khdng lam can kiet tai nguyen mdi trudng vi khdng phi buy mdi trudng v.v Ngudi lanh dao trudc hdt phii cd tri thuc, su hidu bidt, cd su nhay ben trong suy nghi va hanh ddng cung nhu tam nhin xa trdng rgng. Trong he thdng tri thuc ma ngudi lanh dao can cd thi tn thuc ve ly luan ddng vai trd li ndn tang, mi trudc bet la nhung tri thGc vd chfnh tri - xa hgi, quan didm, dudng Idi cua Dang, chfnh sich phap luat cua Nha nudc. Nhung tri thuc ly luan ddng vai trd dinh hudng cua hoat ddng lanh dao. Nang lire chuydn mdn nghiep vu la kha nang hoan thinh cic cdng viec cua ngudi lanh dao. De cd dugc ning lire chuydn mgn nghiep vu ddi hdi hg phii cd kidn thuc chuyen mdn theo tGng linh vuc nghd nghiep, tirng cuong vi cdng tic ma ddi hdi tii yeu ddi vdi ngudi lanh dao. Sir thanh thao vd kien thuc chuyen mdn nghiep vu se giup cho ngudi lanh dao dd ding su dung cic cdng cu, phuong tien ky thuat vao xu ly cdng viec. Ddng thdi, nd cung la didu kien de ngudi lanh dao Idi cudn mgi ngudi va kiem tra cdng tac cua hg. Nang lire td chuc li khi ning sip xep, dgng vien, lgi keo cac ngudn lire de hien thuc hda cac vi'n dd ly luan, cac chu truong, chfnh sich, quydt dinh, chi thi, du an thanh cac hanh ddng, viec lam cu the trong ddi sdng xa hdi. Ngudi cd ning lire td chuc la ngudi bidt xay dung cic ke hoach lam viec mdt each khoa hgc; bidt sip xep, bd trf con ngudi theo dung sd trudng cua hg; li bidt ra cic quydt dinh mdt cich kip thdi, chfnh xac; la biet giup dd va dgng vien mgi ngudi lim viec v.v Trong phong each lam viec, yeu ciu quan trgng nhii hien nay vdi ngudi lanh dao li tfnh dan chu trong cdng tic. Tfnh din chu trudc hdt li bidt li'y Igi fch cua nhin dan, cua dai nudc lam muc tieu; tdn trgng Igi fch va quyen lam chu cua nhan din; bidt lim chu ban thin, didu chinh hanh vi ciia minh cho phu hgp vdi lgi ich chung cua toan xa hgi. Diy la yeu td quan trgng tao ra bau khgng khf tim ly xa hdi, quy dinh tinh trang quan he cua ngudi lanh dao ddi vdi mgi ngudi trong qui trinh hoat ddng cua minh. Phong each din chu cung cd nghia li bidt ling nghe vi tdn TAPCHI'TAM Ly HOC. Sd 1 (130), 1-2010 43 trgng ngudi khac; biei gan gui va siu sat, gin bd mat thiet vdi quan chung; biet dong cam vi chia xe vdi mgi ngudi; biet ddi thoai va chia xe cung quan chung v.v Tdm lai, nhung quan didm tu tudng cua Hd Chf Minh vd ngudi can bd phai dugc dan tin, dan phuc, dan yeu va van dd "tu each" ngudi can bd, dd cGng chfnh la ndi dung va each thuc xay dung uy tfn cua lanh dao chin chfnh hien nay. Chu thich 1. Hd Chf Minh (2000), Todn tap. Tap 5, tr. 54, Nxb Chfnh tri qudc gia. Ha Ngi. 2. Hd Chi Minh (2000), Todn tap. Tap 6, tr. 46, Nxb Chfnh tri qud'c gia. Ha Ngi. 3. Hd Chi Minh (2000), Todn tap. Tap 6, tr. 190, Nxb Chfnh tri qudc gia, Ha Ngi. 4. Hd Chf Minh (2000), Todn tap. Tap 5, tr. 223, 224, Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia, TIa Noi. 5. Hd Chf Minh (2000), Todn tap. Tap 2, tr. 260, Nxb Chfnh tri qudc gia. Ha Ngi. 6. Hd Chi Minh (2000), Todn tap. Tap 4, tr. 57, Nxb Chinh tri qud'c gia, Ha Ndi. 7. Hd Chi Minh (2000), Todn tap. Tap 4, tr. 56, Nxb Chfnh tri qudc gia. Ha Ngi. 8. Van kien Dai hgi dai bieu toan qud'c lin thG X (2006), tr. 293, Nxb. Chfnh tri qud'c gia. Ha Ngi. 44 TAP CHI TAMLy HOC. Sdl (130), 1-2010 . TUONG HO CHI MINH VE UYTIN NGUOI L^NH DAO Phan Thanh Gian Hoc vien Chinh tri - Hdnh chinh khu vifc 111. 1. Quan diem cua Ho Chi Minh ve uy tin ngudi. dudng, ren luyen dd trd thanh ngudi cd tu each dao due each mang, dd la: "Tu minh phai: Can kiem. Hda ma khdng tu. Ca quyet sua Idi minh. Cin than