THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
N G H l t N CLUU - TRAO D O I N G H I € N cufu ANH HUdNG CUA BI^N DANG T ^^^ ^d tuang ling (p^^, g/em^) vd dp Cdc phdi banh rang xich (PBR) nhdn cung tdi trpng nhd (HV, MPa) d trang thdi dugc sau ep ndng so bd lan tir bpt thep hpp sau ep ndng sa bd ldn 1, kdt qud thi nghi$m kim hda thdp d mpt sd ehe dp cho trudc: p^^ = cho bdng Bdng Ca ly tinh cua phdi bdnh rdng xich HD~GF6 sau ep nong sa bd ldn Ky hipu Ddxdp TB,y^_,% man Mat dd, p^_^,g/cm' 5,08261 PBRl 35,2533 5,26997 PBR 32,8666 5,27651 PBR 32,7833 Chidd ep ndng ldn 1: T = Dp Cling HV,MPa Ky hieu Dp xdp mau TB,Y,,,% Mat dp, p^_^,g/cm^ Dp Cling, HV,MPa 1349+1510 PBR 30,8333 1735+1875 5,42961 1487+1686 PBR 27,6666 1874+2004 5,67816 1638-1880 Chieu ddy sau ep ndng ldn 2: 8,4 ^8,5 mm 1250 + ]300°C: (,.= 2,5 + 3,0phiit;p_= 10 * 30 MPa TAP CHl CO KHl VI$T NAM V Sd 10 (Thdng 10 nim 2012) NGHIEN cufu - TRAO B I - Phdn tich cac kdt qua thuc nghiem bdng cho thdy: Vdi chd dp ndng so bd lan dp xdp thd tich trung binh va mat dp tuong ling cua cdc phdi banh rang xich dat miic tdt hon so voi cdc mlu thi nghiem sau ep ndng dinh hudng cdng nghe da dd cap ttong cdng ttinh [2] vd cd gid tri nhu sau: Dd xdp thd tich ttung binh cdn ldn- yo = 35 25 - 27 66 %; Mdt dd tuong ling cdn thdp- po = 082 + 5,678 g/cm3; Dd ciing trung binh cua cac phdi bdnh rang xich sau dp ndng ldn phu thudc xdp, dat ttong khodng: HV =1349 c)MduBRX3,xS00 20ftm + 2004 MPa Vat lieu cdn phai dupe tidp tyc bidn dang ndng ttong khudn kim loai da cho hinh dd ldm gidm dp xdp, tang mat dd vd co tinh cua no , , - Ket qua nghien ciiu khao sat va chup anh td chiic td vi vat lieu bdt thdp hop k m hoa thap nhan dupe tten co sd bpt sat HOGANAS he [Fe - Cu - C-grafit - Zn-Stearat] co nghien ttdn them cac nguydn td nhu Cr, Ni, W va dp ndng so bd ldn dupe cho ttdn hinh 3a-d duoi day , b) Mdu BRX4, xSOO 20^m Hinh Anh chup to chue te vi vdt lieu a phdn thdn bdnh rdng xich sau ep nong ldn 1, khdo sdt dgc theo hic&ng ep (a; b; c) vd ngang hudng ep (d) - Phan tich ket qua cho tten hinh 3a (x 500) khao sat dpc hudng ep cho thdy: phdn bd ciia cdc phdn tii cd man den hinh gan cau va hinh "qua chiiy" rdt ddng ddu ttong toan bd didn tich nen vat lieu dupe khdo sdt ciia man bdnh rang xich (ky hieu BRX 1), cdn cac vung td chiic cd mdu sang vd mau xam tuong ddi ddng ddu Didu dd ddm bdo tinh chdt vdt lieu nhdn dupe trdn mdu thi nghidm ndy kha tdt, tinh di hudng edu tnic cdc TAP CHl CO KHl V I £ T NAM pha hinh thdnh ttong vat lieu banh rang sau ^ ndng tinh chinh lan thdp Ci ddy khdng phat hi?n thdy su cd mat cua nguyen td ddng , cd thd vi ham lupng thdp (dudi % Cu khdi lupng), oSo nd da hi hda tan ttong ndn bpt sdt HOGANAS Thanh phan vdt lieu tai cdc tieu viing co hinh "qui chuy" cd the dupe xdc dinh bang phuong phap phdn tich SEM-EDX [2] Ndu so sdnh djc lint edu true kim loai cua vat lieu nhdn dupettenmau Sd 10 (Thdng 10 nam 2012) NGHIEN C U T U - T R A O D O I BRX sau ep ndng ldn vdi dp xdp du va mat dp tuang ling cua nd (bang 2) thi cd thd cho rdng chat lupng vat lieu duge danh gia theo tieu chi tdng hpp ca ly tinh vd dac didm edu tnic hat vd phdn bd ddng deu la dat yen cau, dam bao didu kidn lam vide d tdi trpng cd va dap vd chiu mdi mdn cao theo tidu chi tdng hgp ca ly tinh vd dae didm cau tnic hat va phdn bd ddng ddu ciia man thi nghiem dat yeu cau, dam bao lam vide tdt dieu kien tdi cd va dap va chiu mdi mdn cao - Td chiic te vi vat lieu d mau banh rang xich (ky hieu BRX 4) cho tren hinh 3d cd diem - Phdn tich ket qua cho trdn hinh b va dae biet ridng la cd vung cue bd hinh edu hinh 3c (x 500), khao sat doc hudng ep cho thay: tnic pha mdi phan tu mau den De lam ro phdn bd cua cac phan tu cd mau den hinh gan cau phan cua nd phai sii dung ky thudt phdn vd mpt sd it hinh "qua chuy" kha ddng deu tieh SEM-EDX va dat ket qua cd the tham khdo todn bd didn tich nen vat lieu dupe khao sat eua trogn cdng trinh [2], khdng xet ddn d day mdu bdnh rang xich (ky hidu BRX 2), cdn cdc viing td chiic cd mdu sang vd mau xdm tuong 3.2 Ep nong tinh chinh Ian ddi ddng ddu Tinh chat vat lieu nhdn dupe d thi nghiem ciing kha tdt, tinh di hudng cau tnic Anh chup cdc banh rang xich HD-GF6 eiia eac pha hinh thdnh vat lieu mau BRX sau ep ndng lan d nhiet dp: Te.n2 ^ 950 sau ep ndng tinh chinh lan thdp Tuy nhien, OC vdi miic dp bien dang dec the tich tinh d ddy ed phat hien thdy mdt vai phdn tir edu tnic todn ciia tdng eac Id xdp dat khoang: eV ed man vang sang phan bd cue bd ndn bdt = 26,36-^34,7 % Chidu day eac mau banh rang sdt H O G A N A S , cd thd dd la hat Cu chua bi hda xich sau ep ndng lan nhan dugc la 8,2 ± , tan Chat lugng vat lieu mdu BRX danh gid mm Ca ly tinh cho d bang b> Mdu so # & a) Mdu so b) Mdu so c) Mdu so Hmh Anh chtip mdu bdnh rdng xich HD-GF sau ep nong tinh chinh ldn tit bgt thep hap kim hoa thdp (a -^ e) vd sau gia cdng tinh (j) TAP CHi CO KHf VIET NAM • Sd 10 (Thang 10 ndm 2012) Q NGHIEN Cl/U - TRAO D | Bdng Ca ly tinh cua bdnh rdng xich HD-GF6 sau ep ndng tinh chinh ldn D$x6p mlu T B , y,.„,% B R X I 35,3333 B R X 32,8666 BRX 32,7833 Bidnd^g D$x6p tdng, ev,% T B , ydj.,% 34,7023 0,631 32,3626 0,504 32,4003 0,383 BRX M$td$, 7,8000 7,8100 7,8200 D § Cling HV, Tj-iew MPa giamx^ 98,214 2330+2390 98,466 2386-r25S0 98,831 2485-r2590 98,933 2560+2615 T^l?% ttogcung 158,2+172,7 151,2+160 137,7+15| 30,8333 30,5043 0,329 7,8242 139,4+14« BRX 26,6666 26,3656 0,301 7,8264 98,871 2555+2620 130,7+13^ ChSrfj5^ ndng tinh chbih ldn 2: T,„i = 900 r-9S0 °C; ldm ngu^i IMng UiL Hmh thdi be mat cac mdu bdnh rang xich dp ndng ldn va lam ngudi khdng dpi sau dp ndng tinh chinh ldn chiing td chdt lupng ttong khoang HV = 2328,75 + 2615,0 MPa thieu kdt bdt thep hgp kun hda thdp a day la kha tdt (hinh 4) Tij sd lieu d bdng cho thdy: Nhu vay, vat lieu cua cac banh rang xicji - Dp xdp du trung binh cua vat lieu tten HD-GF6 chd thu sau dp ndng tinh chinh ldn di cac mdu banh rang xich da giam rd ret tir gid tri dat miic gdn vdi kim loai dac xit, co tinh da tdng trung binh sau dp ndng so bd ldn ban ddu yo = len ro ret hon so vdi sau dp ndng so bd ldn 35,333 + 27,666 %, cdn lai sau dp nong ldn la 72 = 0,631 + 0,301 % tuong ling vdi miic dp bidn 3.3 Nghien cihi to chirc te vi vdt lif u bdnh rJii| dang tdng thd tich tuong ddi ndi tten; - Mat dp tuong ling ciia vdt lieu tren cac xich HD-GF6 san ep ndng lan mdu bdnh rang xich da tang manh tir gia tti sau dp ndng so bd ldn ban ddu po = 5,076 + 5,678 g/ Su nang cao tmh chdt vdt lieu bdt thep cm' len tdi mat dpttrcmgling sau ep ndng ldn la hpp kim hda thap, nhan duoc tten co sd bpt sil p2 = 7,80 + 7,826 g/cm', tiic hrong duong vat lieu HOGANAS nghidn ttdn them Cr, Ni, W theu kji dac xit cua thep diic cdn ttuydn thdng; dudi dp lire ldn vd sau dp ndng ldn la thdng - Dp Cling tai trpng nhd trung binh cua qua ket qua nghien ciiu khoa sat vd chup anh ti banh rang xich chd thir d trang thdi sau chiic td vi vat lieu cho trdn hinh 5a+d a) Mdu BRX 1x500 20fim TAP CHl CO KHl VIETNAM • b) Mdu BRX 2, xSOO Sd 10 (Thdng 10 ndm 20121 20fm c) Mdu BRX 3, x500 20fim d) Mdu BRX 4, x500 20/jm Hlnh Anh ch\ip to chiec te vi vdt Ueu a phdn thdn rdng tren mdu bdnh rang xich sau ep nong tinh chinh ldn 2, khdo sdt doc theo hudng ep - Phdn tich kdt qud cho tren hinh 5a (x 500) khdo sdt dpc hudng ep cud mau banh rdng xich ed ky hidu BRX 1, nhung vi tri khao sat tai vimg thdn banh rang, cho thay: td chiic td vi vdt lieu rdt min, cac viing cau tnic ed mau den cd dang gdn cau chiem da sd cdn dang phan tii cau tnic cue bg chieu dai khdng ldn (duge eho Id lo xdp) ddu cd kich thudc hinh hpe rat nhd va phdn bd khd ddu pha nen Cac vung edu tnic ed mdu sang trang kich thude khd va phdn bd ddng ddu toan bd dien tich ndn vat lieu dugc khdo sat Td chiic td vi vdt lieu trdn mdu BRX sau dp ndng tinh chinh ldn nhan dugc Id rdt tot, dat miic gan nhu kim loai dde xit va dam bao ydu sau lam vide d didu kidn ed tdi trpng va dap vd shin mdi mdn eao cua bdnh rdng xich truyen ddng xe may xich ed ky hidu BRX 3, nhung vi tri khao sdt thay ddi ddn vung gdn chdn rang, cho thay: td chiic td vi vdt lieu khdo sdt tai day cd edu tnic hat vdi su phan bd ddng deu cua cac phan tu cau tnic cd mdu den (kich thudc rat nhd) pha nen ca ban mdu ghi va xen !an cac viing cau tnic cd sang Td chiic te vi vat lieu tren mau BRX ed ddc tinh gidng nhu tren mau BRX rdt rd net nhu d hinh 5a Tuy nhien, kich thudc hat edu tnic ndi chung d mdu BRX nhd ban so vdi mdu BRX 1, didu cd the rdupc giai thich bdi vat lieu tai ciing khao sat gan chan rang qua trinh ep ndng ldn de bien dang tao hinh prophin rang tii phdi sau ep ndng sa bp Ian vdi lugng bidn dang ldn han nhieu so vdi vat lieu d than banh rang Do cudng bien dang ciia vat lieu d viing gan chan rang vd rang la rat ldn, nen cac hat cau tnic hinh d - Phan tich ket qua cho tren hinh 5b (x la cau tnic hat min, Tuy nhien, can luu y rang j'OO) khdo sat dpc hudng ep cud mdu bdnh rang dac didm eiia bidn dang vat lieu xdp thidu :ich ed ky hidu BRX d phdn than banh rang ket tu kim loai bgt ma su hinh cac hudng ,:ho thdy: td chdc td vi vat lieu khdo sat tai vung dudng chay cua cac hat cau tnic khdng ro net han bdnh rang tuang t\r nhu ddi vdi mau BRX nhu ddi vdi vat lieu diic can thdng thudng Mac ldi trdn Tuy nhidn, kich thudc cac hat cau tnic du vay, trdn hinh 5c (x 500) cGng cho thdy cd d ldn han, didu dd cd thd dugc gidi thich su khdc bidt giiia kich thudc cac hat edu tnic hdi gian qud trinh lam ngudi man sau ep ndng khdo sat dpc theo hudng ep so vdi kich thudc an trudng hgp dai han ciia chiing theo chidu ngang" hudng dp Su sap xdp ede hat edu tnie vdt lieu ed dinh hudng thidn ve phia doc hudng ep, dieu rat phii hgp vdi ly - Phdn tieh kdt qud cho tren hinh 5c (x ' iOO) khao sat dpc hudng dp eua mdu bdnh rdng thuydt bien dang dec kim losii ndi chung TAP CHi CO KHf V I £ T NAM Sd 10 (Thdng 10 nam 2012 NGHIEN cufu - TRAO eOl - Phan tich kdt qua cho tten htah 5d (x 500) khdo sat dpc huang ep tai vung gdn chan rang cud mdu bdnh rang xich cd ky hieu BRX 4, cho thdy: dac didm td chile td vi vdt lieu mdu BRX tuong tu nhu ttdn mdu BRX Tuy nhien, cdc phdn tu edu tnic cd mdu den o ddy cd kich thudc hinh hpc ldn hon so vdi mau BRX 3, didu cd thd dupe gidi thich bdi lupng bidn dang deo cua mdu BRX cdn d muc thdp hon so vdi mdu BRX Nhu ta da bidt, dp ndng vat lieu bdt kim Ipai sau dp - thidu kdt hoac dp ndng (vdt lieu xdp ndi chung) khudn kin, thi bidn dang ddo se xdy chu ydu theo phuong bidn dang chinh, tiic doc hudng dp Tuy nhien, ttong cdng ttinh nghien ciiu ndy, co mdt phdn vat lieu d vdnh ngodi cua phdi sau dp ndng ldn chiu bidn dang theo cd hai phuong dpc vd ngang hudng dp, nhd hinh cac rang cua bdnh rang xich tdy theo thidt ke cua khudn dp ndng tinh chinh ldn Vi thd, dac tinh vat lidu bi bidn dang la vat lieu xdp, nen cdn han che bien dang deo theo phuong ngang hudng dp bdng each tang dudng kinh phdi dp ndng ldn so vdi dudng kinh dinh rang nham tao dieu kipn cho v^t li?u chu yeu la chiu nen 3.4 Ddnh gia chung ve kit qua chi thir banh rang xich HD-GF6 Tur cdc ket qua nghidn ciiu th\rc nghidm da ttinh bay d tten, cd thd dua mpt sd danh gia tdng hpp ve vide chd thu bdnh rdng xich HD-GF6 trpng bd truydn dpng xich tdi xe may HONDA bdng cdng nghd luydn kim bpt nhu sau: I) Bdt thdp hpp kim hda thdp dupe nghidn trdn tir bdt sdt HOGANAS (Thuy Didn) lam nen co sd va cdc nguydn td khdc nhu: Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo, W, Tic vdi hdm lupng ddn % khdi lupng/mdi nguyen td, cd tdc dung lam tang CO ly tinh vdt lieu sau dp vd thidu kdt (hoac sau dp ndng - tuc thidu kdt ddng thoi dudi dp luc) Vipc bd sung them C-graphit lam tang khd nang nhipt luypn tao pha mactenxit, cdn tang Cr, Ni, Mo thdnh thdp khdng ri Rieng ddi vdi Cu vdi ham lupng khd ldn Id trudng hpp ridng bipt cda TAP CHl CO KHi VIETNAM • sdt bdt va thep cd hifu qua hda bdn cao va hay dupe ling dung nhdt budc tao bpt nguySi lieu ddu vdp cua cdng nghd luydn kim b$t Sy cd mat cua Cu nang cao co tinh cua hpp kim o tr?ng thdi ii ham lirpng Cu ldn hon 2,0 % khdi lupng, vd cd thd tidn hdnh hda gia dd cd su bidn Cling bdi tilt pha phan tan ndu ham lupng ddn 10 % Cu Vi thd, ttong cdng trinh nay, vifc chpn ham lupng cac nguydn td hpp kim hdad miic thdp vdn dam bdo dupe co tfnh vat lieu san thidu kdt d miic cdn thidt vira di^dd sir dimg ^ viec chd t?o bdnh rang ldm vide didu kidn tiii trpng cd va dap va chiu mdi mdn cao 2) Vdt lieu bdt thep hpp kim hda thip bdt sdt H O G A N A S (Thuy Didn) dupe chpn.dj thi nghipm cd phdn hda hpc nhu da chon gdm cd: [2 % Cu + 0,8 % C + 0,8 % Zn-Steoral + (0,5 + 2,5) % Cr + (0,5 + 2,5) % Ni + (0,5* 1,5) % W + Fe - cdn lai] Sau dp ndng so bd ldn khudn graphit vdi cdc chd dd thi nghidm nhu sau: dp l\tc dp ndng p^^ = 10; 20; 30 MPa (budc didu chinh la 10 MPa); nhift ii dp ndng T ^ = 1200; 1250; 1300 °C (budc iik chinh Id 50 °C); thdi gian giO nhipt te.n = 2,0; 2,5; 3,0 phiit (budc didu chinh 0,5 phiit) cd xdp hiong ddi cao (yo= 35,333 + 26,666 %; 1) po = 5,076 + 5,756 g/cm') Do vdy cdn phdi ti& hdnh budc dp ndng tinh chinh khudn tm loai dd ldm giam dp xdp, ddng thdi tao hint vdnh rang ngodi va Id rang then cua san phdm theo thidt kd mdu banh rang xich GF-6 ciia Nhat Bdn 3) Qua cdng doan dp ndng tinh chinh lan ttong khudn kim loai, dp xdp vat lieuttdncac mdu bdnh rang xich HD-GF6 chd thit da giam xudng tdi miic dat gdn tuong duong kim loai diic can truyen thdng, cac Id vi xdp dupe cho Id khdng dang kd: 1) y^ = 0,631 •*• 0,301 %, mat dp tuong ling sau dp ldn tang len tdi p, = 7,80 •*• 7,826 g/cm' Kdt hpp vdi cac kdt qui nghien ciru chup dn td chiic td vi vdt lipu tten cdc bdnh rang xich chl thu sau dp ndng ldn cho thay du ydu edu ky thudt lam vide didu kipn chiu tdi trpng va ddp vd chiu mdi mon eao Sd 10 (Thdng 10 ndm 2012) NGHliN cufu - TRAO D6| thien vd nang cao ddng kd qua trinh ep ndng 4.id:TLU^ tao hinh sdn p h ^ ddn miic gdn tr^ng thai kim Tu nhftng npi dung trinh bay trdn ddy rut loai ddc xit; cac kdt ludn nhu sau: 1) Dd dd xudt phuong an chd thu sdn phdm banh rang xich HD-GF6 (lo^i Z = 14 rang) bp truydn ddng xich tai xe may HONDA bdng cdng nghe phdi hgp dp ndng sa bd ika dd tao hhih phdi h b h tru cd Id va ep ndng tinh chinh ldn dd t^o hinh prophin vdnh rang ngodi ddng thdi vdi Id rang tiien Dp xdp the tich trung bmh cua cdc phdi banh rang xich sau ep ndng so bd ^ dat yo = 35,253 ^ 27,666 %, cdn mat dp hrong ling chi dat po = 5,082 -^ 5,678 g/cm^ Dd x6p thd tich trung binh cua cdc phdi banh rang xich sau dp tmh chmh ^ dat y2 = 0,631 - 0,301 %; cdn mat dd tuong ling sau dp ldn taig ldn tdi p2 = 7,80 -^ 7,826 g/cm^ Dp cung d t r ^ g thai sau ep ndng Ian va Iam nguOi khdng dat HV = 2328,75 ^ 2615,0 MPa Didu dd minh chiing ro net cho tinh chat vat Iy cua v^t li^u bpt thep hgp kim hda thdp cd thdnh phdn hda hpc dd chpn cdi 2) Qua vide nghidn cuu khdo sat vd chup anh td chue td vi vdt lieu bdt thep nhdn duge trdn ca sd bpt sit HOGANAS h? [Fe - Cu - C-grafit Zn-Stearat] nghidn trgn thdm cde nguydn td nhu Cr, Ni, W tai cac vung kdt cau d^c trung (than rang, chan rang, prophin rang) cda banh rang xich HD-GF6 sau ep ndng tinh chinh lan dpc vd ngang hudng ep cho thdy tat ca cdc mdu bdnh r ^ g xich dugc khdo sat ddu cd edu tnic kim lo^i mang tinh chat dac trung cua cdng nghd luydn kim bdt, dam bao tdt tinh nang lam v i | c d didu kien tai trpng ed va dap vd chiu mdi mdn cao ciia banh rang xich truyen dpng xe may che thii • Ngdy n h ^ bai: 24/8/2012 Ngdy phdn bifn: 15/9/2012 NgirM phan b i | n : GS, TS TV^n Vdn Dich, Vidn Nghidn cihx Ca Tdi li^u tham khao: [1] HdMinh Hiing (2000): "Nghien ciiu dp dyng cong nghe luy^n kim b^t che tao banh rSng mdy c6ng c\i (m = 2,2 = 28)", Bdo cdo Khoa hpc Chuyen de KHCND5.06-03, Vidn nghidn cim Ca khi, Hd Noi, 1998,120 trang; [2] D6 Dinh Luong (201 l):"Nang cao chat lupng chi tiet may hi hot thdp hgp kim hoa thdp bang phuong phap bidn dgng nong", Ludn dn Tidn sT Ky thuat, Vi?n Nghien ciiu Co khi, Hd Ndi, 13 trang; [3], Dinh Luong, Hd Minh Hung (2012): "Nghien cuu anh hudng ciia chd dd ep thieu kdt dudi ap l\ic ddn dp xop vd mSt d0 vat li?u hot thep hgp kim hda thdp lam banh rdng", T?p chi Co Vi?t Nam, s6 TlO/2012 TAP CHf C O KHi VlfiT NAiVI • Sd 10 (Thdng 10 ndm 2012) ... nghiem mdt sd bdnh rang xich xe may - Cdc budc nghien trpn tao hot thdp hpp HONDA (Idy ky hidu la HD-GF6) bdng phuorng phap luydn kim bOt Dd thi nghiem ep ndng dd kim thdp, quy trinh ep ndng sa... vide chd thu bdnh rdng xich HD-GF6 trpng bd truydn dpng xich tdi xe may HONDA bdng cdng nghd luydn kim bpt nhu sau: I) Bdt thdp hpp kim hda thdp dupe nghidn trdn tir bdt sdt HOGANAS (Thuy Didn)... tnic kim lo^i mang tinh chat dac trung cua cdng nghd luydn kim bdt, dam bao tdt tinh nang lam v i | c d didu kien tai trpng ed va dap vd chiu mdi mdn cao ciia banh rang xich truyen dpng xe may
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