NUIM31-il/201fl5 j k H I E N Cliu ANH HirifNG CUA SIEU AM NANG lUffNG CAO DEN TOC Bp SAY VA MAU SAC DANG SAM Study on influence of high-intensity ultrasonic on the drying rate and color of Codonopsis javanica V ^y^icdngsuatp;:^,mfrJgt:Z7iml^St'^S?^%''7i:^&T^^^ 7-u/thda; Bang sam, s/eu am nSng/upng cao, siybamnhlit tScd^say miu sic GiCfl THi^U tteu ttiu I I dieu c i n ttiiit Nhieu eong frinh khoa N g i y nay, c i n g nghe sieu am dupe Crng dung hoc nghien eUu qua frinh s i y c i s u k i t hpp v i i ring rai nhiiu linh vuc khSc nhau: y t i sinh l ^ c logi sdng: vi s i n g , buc xg h i n g ngogi, song hpc h i a hge, ttiuc p h i m , gia e i n g cp khi, 'dem tan so radio, s i n g s l i u am cho ttiiy: c i s u h i gi hi^u qua kinh t i eao Chlnh vl vgy, nhiiu c i n g frp eua eac loai s i n g ttii t i c d i ttioai i m cua v | t trlnti, nhieu nha khoa hpc v l ngoai nuoc da li^u nhanh hpn so vui khong c i s u h i frp cua va dang nghiSn ci>u c i n g nghe n i y n h i m ung song [7], [9J Sieu am h i frp frong q u i frinh s i y dyng v i o san xuit, phgc vg doi s i n g d a iam lang toe d i say k h i n g phai nhi#t m l co n g u i i che nhu s a u vat ll^u i m dat frong k h i n g S i n g siSu am la s i n g eu hpc, n i n g lupng d a CO song sieu I m nSng lupng cao ttii l p s u i t lgi s i n g sieu I m p dgng c u n i n g , t i y ttiep ITnh vue giao di#n ranWii ttiay d i i lien hie lam tSng t i c d i ung dgng se chpn mi>c nang lupng va t i n s i phu ttloat am lgl be mat siSu am nang lupng eao lao hpp nhung nhin chung s i n g siSu am dupe chia ra Vi dao d i n g tgi be mat v$t l i i u iam giam Idp bien fruyen chat ngoai v i i s u co gian lien luc hai n h i m chlnh: siSu I m c u i n g d i ttiip t i n so cao ( c u i n g d i n i n g lupng cua song nho cua song si«u i m tao dc vi kSnh frong long vSt hpn W/em^ t i n s i tir - 10 MHz) v l sieu am NSu s i y tgo dieu k i j n di chuyin i m m i l bien c u i n g d? cap - t i n s i t h i p (cudng dp nanq [7] B « danh gia mi>e d i anh huong cua song lupng eua song l*n han W/cm', t i n s i tt> - sieu am ho fru frong q u i frinh s i y m i l s i c i n g 100 kHz), n h i m ttiCr n h i t d eupng d i ttiip va frinh khoa hpc fren ttii g i i i da nghiSn a i u ttiuc khing l i m ttiay d i i c i u ttic v$t ligu nen ttiuonq nghifm frSn mot so n i n g san ttiuc p h i m nhu: d dupe ung dung c h i n doan y hoc h o j c k i i m rot lat, chanh lat, h i n g lat 16], cam l i t (1), dSu l i y tra c h i t lupng san p h i m , n h i m ttiu hai d cudng |8J, tao lat [11] bang phucrng phap s i y d i i luu eo s u *"> ho "5-.cua frp cua song song siSu siSu II m m ,, cae cae n nh h ii khoa khoa hpc hpc aa ii d i cao vl B h ii tt nen nen ccdi ttie ap cao va Be e dpng dpng manh manh vv ii o o v$t v j t cc h ttil f!f tti&i nian i „ •,= l i m ttiay dpi c i u trtc v j t liSu MOJ (khi cudng dp kSI 'iV luan I * rano: ^^"S: Ihdi gian =5u say ^a,^ giam /dang k i ^ v l _ muc nang luprig ldn hpn 10 Wicrri' [10]) VI vay, sieu I m nang lupng cao c i ttiS ho frp cho qua frinh san x u i t dien nhanh hpn Trong ITnh vuc s i y , nang lupng duoc s u dunq nhiiu k h i n g nhOng tang chi phi san x u i l ma eon lam t i n g s u i nhiim m i l frudng Do vSy v i i c nghiSn ctru c i n g nghS d i g i i m ttiieu nSng lupng 'Email quangnx@hcmiite.edu I ' ' ^">^ huo^Q PhUc ttiuoc vao loai v i t liSu d i i u - J, ^.^,u^, uiuy^ wdu loai vat ngu didu kien - ^ "nhan • • * " - say, * • • cudng — ' — dp - • nang ^ • ' " • "cua '™ Kign "tac lupng s i n g sieu am e i n g sam (danh phap khpa hoc I I Codonopsis yavanica) la Ipai ttiuc vgl eo hoa frong ho Hoa chuong Loai d u p e (Blume) Hookf S Thornson mo ta khoa hpe d i u BSn nam 1855 e a v la m « san pham cao c i p frong n i n g nghigp dupc , ô , 3-raằ, < ằ , , ã / „ , « ^ ^ Idtn^'iisi > 16-NLN-131'9/2016 s u dgng lam thuc p h i m va dupc lieu S l y d i b i o q u i n , cung e i p san p h i m k h i I I d i i u can t h i i t C i c nghien cuu cho ttiiy sam la mpt vgt ligu nhgy nhiSt nen d i i u kign t i c nhan s l y , thdi gian s i y I n h hudng r i t Idn d i n m l u sac v l d o c h i t t h i o dupc quy CO frong san p h i m k h i [2-4] Cp c h i ho frp qua trinh s i y k h i n g phai nhiSt cua song sieu am nSu ttSn eho t h i y cong nghe phO hpp vdi cac vgt lieu s i y nhgy nhiet D i n g thdi, cac c i n g trinh nghien cuu v i s i m It di cap d i n mau sac cua s i n p h i m kho sau siy I\flye dich cua viSc nghien cuu I I d i n h gia muc anh hudng cua song siSu am nang lupng cao d i n thdi gian s l y va m l u s i c cua dang sam ViSt Nam VAT L l f u , PHLFONG PHAP VA T H I t r Bl T H y C NGHIEM 2.1 Vit lifu V§t liSu say ta dang sam tupi nam t u i i (hinh 1) dupe thu hogeh tgi tinh Lam D i n g c i n g ty Cao L i m canh t i e , dudng kinh than tnjng binh khoang 20 - 25 mm, chiiu d l i trung binh khoang 80 - 100 mm, dg i m taing binh ban d i u 87,5 %, k h i i luong thing binh 65 - 75 g/cij Sau Ihu hogeh d i n g sam dupc l i m sgch, hut chan khing, v i bao bao quan p 10 "C tu m i l lam nguyen lieu thi nghiSm Hinh Dang sSm tuoi nSm tuoi 2.2 77l/e( * ; thi nghifm Thiil b( si dgng frong nghiSn eug n i y la mpt m i y s i y bum nhlgt c i ttiem b i ph|n phit sing siSg am gan frong bging s l y e i sp d i nhu (hinh 2) Nguon phat song s l i u am (13) eo c i n g s u i t Idn nhat 2000 W Cudng dp n i n g lupng s i n g SiSu am / Igi b i m j t cua d i u p h i t s i n g dupe x i c djnh theo cing ttiuc: I'^.iricm' (1) Trong d i , P 11 c i n g s u i t cua nguin phat (W) S la dign lich be m j t cQa dau p h i t (cm') D i l i phit sing siSu im (8) la m i l dgng d i u phat ho trp Irong s i y eo diSn llch phat xg phCi hpp vol cudng d i nang lupng am td - W/cm' &ta0 initHif XiX " Hinli Thiet bi sly bang phirong pliip bom ntii^ kit hvp voi sdng si^ Sm ning hrgng cao Quat; Din bay hai: Ddn ngung, Way ndn; Di^n trd gia nhl^t phu: Cim biln nhl$t dd: Van chinh gid: eiu phdt sing sliu am; 9.11 Khay chCra mlu: 10 NgSn siy cd sdng siSu Sm: 12 NgSn siy khdng cd sdng sidu im: 13 Ngudn phdt sdng sidu Sm: 14 16 Cdm biln khdi luang (Loadcell); 15 Diu cSn: 17 Bd diiu khiln: 18 Miy tinh giSm sit trang thSi vi thu thSp dO' li$u T i e nhan s i y sau khoi buong s i y dupc h i i luu va l l c h i m d dan bay hoi (2) roi dupc gia nhiSt d dan ngung (3), n i u nhiSt d i cua tac nhan s i y khoi d i n ngung khong dgt den nhiSt dp d§t thl dupe gia nhiJt bdi dign trd gia nhiSt (5) NhiSt dg t i c n h i n s i y dupc tri p nhi#t d i d j t sir dung thuJt t o i n hi#u ohinh PID va bg d i i u khiin di^ng PLC Min t i e gio trSn dudng i n g chlnh dupc chinh v l tri i n dinh thing qua biin t i n d i i u khiin quat (1) Be so s i n h toe d i s i y bing hai phUdng p h i p s l y k h i c nhau: s l y bum nhi$t CO v l k h i n g c i s i n g s l i u I m m i t cieh chinh xSc Ihl buing s i y dupc thiet k i g i m hai ngan, ngin e i s i n g siSu am (10) v l ngan khong c i sdng (12) Moi mpt n g i n c i b i tri cSn (14) (15) v l (16) cSn m i u lgl nhO'ng Ihdi diem l i y mau Van ehinh g i i (7) dupc su- dgng d i chinh t i c d i I l c nhan s i y vao hai ngan la nhu Nhu vgy, a i i u kiSn t i c n h i n s i y (nhiSt dp, v j n t i c , dg am) v4o hai ngan cua buong s i y Igi mpi ttidi d i i m la nhu T o i n bp c i c thong s i cua m i y s i y v l khii lupng mau s u i t q u i trinh s i y dupc giam sat v l luu trS a m i y tinh (IB) HS thing m i y thuc si> dgng l i m Ihi nghigm dupc ttii h i i n p (hinh 3) 2.3 Binh Iwgng cic thong sS qui trinh siy D i i m cua v j t liSu liSu s l y tgi thdi diim / dupc xac a n h theo eing thCre (2) M, = '°°''" '"'''-^°'''^»(./.) (2) Trong dfl: M^ Mo vA m^ mo lan luvt I^ d0 I m {%) vA khfli Imyng (g) tai thdi d i l m t v^ thdi dilm tjan fliu cOa I '7r„»i,r/ ''Oiii firie (Biieh k/in NLNMSI-a/2016-17 vat 6#u D i am ban dau cua v | l liSu au(?cxac dinh Mng phuong phap tu s l y m l u phong ttll nghisin x: x^ cu sam c6 khii lirong khoang 150 Tam Thai lat mong mm, chon nhUng lit cii dirtm" kinh tuong m dong diu, chia lam phjn b a n | moi phan Co khoi luong khoang 70 gram cho vao khay chua mau ciia may siy Cai dat nhiet dp tSc nhan s4y va mfc nang lugng cua song sieu am, tiin hinh siy thu thjp kh6i luong mau sau 10 phut rapt c4ch tir dong vS luu tra vao may tinh Qua frinh dugc ngiing lai mau dat am yeu ciu T Domau sic, linh toan I6c dg say Hinh Qui trinh till nghi$m KfiT QUA VA T H A O LUAN Cac thi nghiSm dupc thuc hiSn tai mdc nhiSt dp lac nhan s i y : 35»C, 40»C va 46°C d i i u Hinh HJ thing siy bam nhift kit hgp vdi sIdu Sm ^ ning lugng cao ddng ISm thuc nghidm T i c d i s i y ( t i c dp giam i m ) dupc xac dinh Iheo eong thi/e (3) •• — g/pMit (o) Trong d i , zl( 11 khoang Ihdi gian ciJa l i n l i y Ihdi d i i m / v l / + / l f ^ M l u s i e eua san p h i m sau s i y I I m i f nhO'ng ISu c h u i n danh gia c h i t lupng c i a dang sam, thing s i m l u CIE Lab (L', a b') duoc s u dgng d l m i la su.ttia> d i i m l u s i c qua qua frinh say Tgi m i i muc nhiSt d i siv song sieu am dupe phat vdi t i n s i 20 ± C kHz i V ^ i f " ftP-^ " ^ '^ ' ' ' ™ ™ ' ' 1.e3W/OT= va 2,44 W/em MOI mdc dupc thi nghiSm l i n v l lay gia fri tmng binh K h i i lupng m l u say dupe cgp nhgt luu tru v i o may tinh sau 10 phut d i I m cua mau say theo thdi gian aude linh theo c i n g , / , o ' "A ^ f •=•"* '^' ^"3 a i thi nhu hinh 5, va Qua tnnh say ngung iai k h i i luong mau say agt am a i ySu cau va Ihdi gian say aupc ghi nhan frong bang v-yui tn : • J ° '•" ^T" '^^"'•"^ "^l (My) va I I gia tri Inrng bmh eua l i n IJp lgi MI>C dp ttiay d i ' ^ = i / t f - - C , ) = + ( o - - » ; ; , )=+(/," • * ; , ) = (4) tronn „ „ ^ h ' ^ " ' ' f-^''.'''•' '= "^^^ 8^= « chuin, ong nghien euu nSy s u dgng eac gia In ban d i u (tnrdc siy) l i m gia tri c h u i n 2.4 Qui trinh thi nghigm 11, ^ f ' " i i " u""*' ' * " • " ' "ShiSm duoe ttii hiSn theo luu d i nhu hinh 4: • Hinh Oo ft; giam im cda aing sSm sav bm, nhif, vd bom nhif, - sang slau Sm cirlg%VnT lugng 1.Z1W/cm' 60 „i,„ g-„^A„ ro„, *„, «„-^ uu,„ 31M "riiai 18'NLN-131-9/2016 )N 3S ds C • SA ^44Wfenil M « i (to C • SA Z.44W/cnz w 45 OD c*s*a.««w/ciig Ttitiliitairi(*«ii) TWB^Bihui) H/rt/i 06 thi 9'am im cua dang s$m say bom nW$t 1^ 6om nft/gt - s6ng sieu Sm cvang dp nang Ivgng 1,83 W/cm' " ' " ^ ^- ^ ^ " ' ' S"'^"" ™ ^ " ^ '^^"9 ^^^J *'"' s a / ^ow ""'^' '^^ ^'^ " ' " ^ ' " ^^"3 si4u im cu-dvg d$ nSng '^V"9 2,44 W/cm^ Bangl Thdi gian say dang sim theo phvong phap bom nhiet va bom nhi$t kit hgp s6ng si§u am SSy bom nhiel ket hgp song sieu Sm t^i c4c miic c6 cuimg dg nSng lugng: 1.21 W/cm1,83 W/cm' 2,44 W/cm" Thf nghidm Nhiet d0 siy ("O 35 40 45 35 40 45 35 40 45 35 40 45 Thii gian say (ph) SIO 770 680 710 670 640 650 610 590 1020 970 940 Mil mdc ttll nghISm ehgn la miu sin phim ngiu nhiSn miu sic, hinh la mlu sic ttudc va sau isay eua ding sSm Ting hpp cae gllttittiongsi mau sic L", a', b' dupc trinh biyttongbang Bang Cac thong so miu sac cua ding tnrdc vi sau say Chf s6 Tni6c siy 71,8 2.0 b' JE lugn^: 1,21 W/cm' 1,83 W/cm^ 2,44 W/cm' 35"C 40''C 45"C 78,3 2,3 78.0 4.9 35"C 79,5 3,2 40*0 78,7 3,4 45''C 79.3 3.26 12,1 10,1 10.2 10.3 10,2 Hinh Ba Mau sic dang sim lit Ov&c say 77,8 4,3 35''C 79,0 2,2 40''C 76,6 4,2 45''C 75,6 5,9 11,2 11,8 10.2 7,0 35°C 80,4 25.4 10.7 40"C 79,2 2,7 24.6 10,2 45''C 75,1 5,8 21,6 11.2 Hinh 8b Mau sic dang sam lit sau siy &>ao mfrnq O^ nifm 60 tta,n