Hệ thống rửa bồn tự động

NGHIEN CUfU TRAO 061 H€ THONG RUA B(3N T U DONG AUTOMATIC CLEANING SYSTEM FOR CHEMICAL TANKS Nguyin Trfldng Thinh, Tfldng Phfldc Tho Bp mdn Co dien tfl, Khoa Co Che tao Miy Trfldng Dai hpe Sfl pham Ky thuit Thinh phd Ho Chl Minh TOM TAT Bdi bdo ndy di cdp den viec thet ke vd che tao he thong rda bon tUdgngdUa tren nhdng Uudiim ciia phUdng phdp tdy riia bdng nUdc dp sudt eao de ldm sach bon ehda hoa chdt Thiet bi ndy la sd dung tia nUdc dp lUc eao dUde phun td cdc vdi phun, vd do ldm sach be mat bin thung Dau phun niidccd the xoay cdc vdi nUdc dp lUe cao mat phang nam ngang, vd cd thedi chuyen len vd xudng mat phdng thang ddng luc dang quay, theo dd cdc tia nUde dp lUe td cdc vdi phun se ldm sach dUdc todn bg be mat thung Trong qud trinh ldm sach bang tia nUdc, ddng nUde lien tue thodt td ddu phun, hinh thdnh nen chum ciia cdc gigt nUdc nhd SU tan rd ndy Id tUdng tdc lien tuc gida nUde vd khdng bao quanh Cdc gigt nUdc ddp vdo muc tieu tao nen lUc tde dgng Tde dgng lap di lap Iqi cua nhdnggigt nUdc ndy cho phep bde tach Idp phu khdi mat nen Kit qud thUc nghiem da ghi nhdn rdng ldm sqchdUa tren sUxdi mdn la cd che noi bat doi vdi bdc tach vdt lieu bdm dinh trin thdnh thung ehda hda chdt ABSTRACT This paper relates to a cleaning system The purpose of this device is to produce such movements of the said flushing head that pressurized jets can be emitted from the nozzles on the head, which jets strike the sides of the tank and thus clean them It can be necessary to carry out more or less meticulous cleaningoftank walls depending on how many consecutive cargoes differ in type This can be allowed for by making changes in the movement characteristics of the spraying head It is known that the flushing head can be use to rotate the jet nozzles in the horizontal plane, which jet nozzles in turn swing up and down in the vertical plane during this rotation, whereby the jets from the nozzles will strike the tank walls in a linepattern, which will be denser the more slowly the movements occur GlCfl THIEU Ngiy nay, cae nginh sin xuat cdng ngliilp, linh vflc y tl, dan dyng, nhu cau ve sinh lim sach cacthiet bi, dung cu dang li mdt nhu cau cap thiet Tuy nhien tinh trang sfl dung phflpng phap thu edng van edn nhieu Dilu niy mang lai nang suit khdng cao, ngoai viec tilp xuc trflc tiep cie hoa chat thflc hiln edng viec ehui rfla eung gay nhieu tie hai xau den sfle khoe cdng nhin, ed kha nang giy nhilu benh nguy hiem ve sau Mdt he thdng tiy rfla tfl ddng hoae bin tfl ddng la can thiet de giup tang nang suit v i giup ngfldi giam bdt vile phai tiep xuc TAP CHi C O KHi V I £ T NAM ••* Sd (Thing nam 2012) ^ | NGHIEN Cflu - TRAO D | trflc tilp vdi cic hda chit khdng lot cho sfle khde Vi hien nay, phflpng phap ti'y rda dung nfldc i p Iflc manh dang dflpc i p dyng phd bil'n Irlii the gidi [1], mang lai hi('u qui eao cung v(Vi nhieu flu diem so vdi cdc phflpng phip hi|n dang dflpc sfl dyng Tia nfldc i p suat cao li enng iigliv lim sach hi|n dai va than ihi^'ti vdi mdi 11 udng (^ic flng dyng eua edng n g h | tia nfldc ap sual cao rat da dang va lam sach li flng dyng rdng rii nhat c llmh I: Ihuiiii lio,i ,li,'il liiy n'l'ii hiin^; In'- !lidii\i THIET KE HE THONG RITA BON T l T D p N G Vdi mue tilu tfl ddng hda hoan toin cdng viec rfla bdn ed nhilu hda chat ddc hai HI thdng dflpc thilt ke cd ba bd phin ehinh: Bp phin khung: ed ket cau vflng chae, chiu Iflc cho toin bd he thdng Bd phan bing tii vi kep : Dfla bdn vio dung vi tri rfla, bp phin kep dinh vi thung vio dung vi tri rfla Bd phan phun rfla: boat ddng tfl ddng hoae ban tfl dpng, phun nfldc i p Iflc de rfla bdn [2,3] b Khung mdy H | thdng khung dd li bp phan chiu Iflc chinh cua loin bp diy ehuyin (hinh 4) Vi|c linh toan thill kl h^ thdng niy rat quan trpng nd inh hfldng tien linh (in dinh eua may H? thdng khung dd g6n) nhflng bd ph^n sau: • Hai khung dflng chju Iflc: Hai khung cd tac dung djnh vi toin bp he thdng rfla dflpc gin vao n&t • Khung giing ngang c6 djnh; Dflpc gan c6 djnh vdi dai de eo lac dung lim cho h | thdng rfla tinh lien theo ehilu lin xudng, ddng thdi cung cd tic dung dd cho h | thdng rfla, gifl cho khung dflng dflpe eo dinh vflng chic • Khung giing ngang di dpng: Cd lac dung dd cho eae bp phin dan dpng cho h | thdng rfla bao gom cic dpng cP, vit-me, cac dan hfldng, cac truyin ehuyen ddng quay • Khung dl: cd tie dung dinh vi cho cac bd phan khae cua he thdng nhfl hai khung dflng, he thong bang tai nd chiu Iflc nhilu nhat • Cic chin: Cd lac dyng dan hfldng cho thung can rfla wio dung vi tri rfla vi khdng hi trflpt ben ngoii bang tii • Hai trfleft: Cd lie dyng dan hfldng cho he thong rfla tinh lien theo chilu len xudng, gjim ma sal trflot nhd tntm bi, a Bdng tdi di chuyen bon vdo vi tri rda Bang tii dflpc thiet ke dang eon lin nhfl hinh 2, truyen dpng ddng thdi bang h$ thdng xich, phu hpp vdi kich thfldc vi khdi Iflpng eua thung hda chat can rfla Khi thung dflpc tii den vi Iri rfla, eP cau kep bang nen boat dpng de dinh vi thung qui trinh rfla Hinh 3: Cdc bd phdn cda khung dd: 1-Khungddng 2- Thanh gidng ngang di ddng 3- Thanh tnidt, Hinh 2: Md hinh thiet ke vd thdc te che tao bdng tdi lan 4- Thanh chdn, 5- Khung de, 6- Thanh gidng ngang co din TAP CHI CO KHi VIET NAM S o ? (Thing nam 2012) NGHIEN CUfU TRAOeOI Sfl dung phan mim de md phdngflngsuit ehuyl'n thinh chuyen dpng quay tron chiu uon eua he thdng khung Tfl dd can efl vio ket qua thu dflpc dl' thiet ke cP eau thfle eua he th6ng vi chpn thdng sd vat lieu Hinh li kit qua mo phong eo dflpe Hinh 4: Md phdng dng sdc tdc dung len khung mdy Can cfl vio bil'u md phdng ke cau chiu life ta CO the dfl doin dflpc kit qui chiu tii ddng cua toin bd he thong Nhflng vi tri khic thi HinhS: Bdn ve thiet ke ddu rda ba bdctUdo miu sac eo sfl thiy ddi, day mau bil'n ddi tfl xanh vd todn he thong da trdi cho tdi dd tflpng dflPng vdi dp ben cua he th6ng Miu xanh da trdi li an toin, miu dd tflpng Cdng thflc tinh bam dinh: Dp bim trflng khong an toin, nhflng vj tri ddi miu nhilu dinh (Rbd) tinh bang N/mm^ dflpe xac dinh theo nhat la tai khdp ngam cua ngang, noi chiu cdng thfle: life cho toin bp hi thdng rfla Ta cd: Dd bam dinh Mui tin mau dd li chi hfldng tae dung cua lUc.may tren khdp md phdng thi hiln nhflng vi R = P M ' S (1) tri chiu Ifle uon nhilu nhat Trong dd: c Cd cdu phun riia [4] Pi^j la Iflc bim dinh keo dflt, tinh bang Cd eau rfla la dau phun bac tfl do, dau N phun gom ed vdi phun cd the thay ddi hfldng S la dien tich bam dinh chm keo cfla miu, phun vi chieu cao, qui trinh phun, dau tinh bang mm' phun cd the xoay trdn, thiet ke dau phun trin hinh Theo cie khio sat, tinh toin tren, de cd the danh bit nhflng chat bam dinh tren bl mat Khi ddng cP hoat ddng, qua bd truyen thung nhfla thi ip Ifle nfldc sinh phai Idn hon dai truyen chuyin ddng xudng cho vit - me Nhd ho^e bang vdi dp bam dinh be mat chuyen dpng cua vit - me, dau rfla tinh tien lin (2) xu6ng de di vio ben thung thflc hiln nhiem (3) F/S > P^/S vuvi nit ngoii da thflc hien xong qui trinh (4) rifa Mot dpng ca khic cung qua bd truyen dai truyen chuyen ddng xudng cho bd truyin binh Theo nguyen ly Pascal, chat long chila day rang, nhd dd dau rfla cd the xoay trdn theo tryc Z 01 md - khep cac vdi phun, tfl chuyen dpng tinh mot binh kin co kha nang truyl'n nguyen ven ap tien cua vit - me qua mdt ca cau cam (sfl dung suat ben ngoai tac dung len no mot khdp bin le), ehuyl'n ddng tinh tien dflpc TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAIVI V 86 (Thang nam 2012) NGHIEN ClJfU - TRAO D(!)l Tacd: f / s = F/S Ma f / s la ap suit dau (P) eua bom Tfl (4) & (6) = > P > R,,_| (5) (6) (7) Tfl dd, ehung ta dilu khien biln tan dieu khien dpng c p d e c d i p suit nfldc ihich hpp vcVi dd bam dlnh cua tflng logi vgt lieu, sau d i khio sat dd bim dinh cua tflng loai vit li^u Ngoai ra, viec dieu khien i p suit cdn phy thupc vio dp ma sat dng dan, dd ma sit eua thung nhfla can rfla, b l diy thung, dd nhdl eua chat Idng dflpc sfl dyng d l rfla vi du: nfldc, hda chit Kich ihiTtJc Haiih Irinli tjnh lien dau mi Goc mo voi phun Ricii iip nguon Bom nuoc Tong cong suit hfihong Trong luong longmav B6diru khien nflDv \'~.''