Chế tạo thiết bị điện hoá sản xuất dung dịch natri hypoclorit có công suất clo hoạt tính trên 2 kg

Tiiu ban: Moi tru&ng vd Ndng lugng ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7 CHE TAO THIET BI DIEN HOA SAN X U A T D U N G D I C H NATRI HYPOCLORIT CO COIVG SUAT CLO H O A T TINH TREN Kg/h Nguyen Hoai Chau, Nguyen Trong Boi Vien Cong nghe moi truang, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Ha Noi chauhoainguyenfStvaboo.com Tom tat: Thiit bi dien hod sdn xudt dung dich natri hypoclorit (nuoc Gia ven) bdng cdch diinphdn ddng nude mudi budngphdn ung dien hod dgng dng, khdng cd mdng ngan giira cdc dien cue, cd cdng sudt clo hogt tinh tren kg/h da duac chi tgo Cdc bdn dien cue andt Id cdc tdm Ti duoc phii Idp hop chdt tro Ru02lr02Ti02 di chdng an mdn dien hod Cdc thdng sd kinh ti ky thuat ca bdn ciia thiit bi ndy nhu sau: cdng sudt tinh theo clo hogt tinh la 2,2 kg/h, hdm luang clo hogt tinh dung dich 4,5-5 g/l, di tgo nen I kg clo hogt tinh cdn tiiu hao - 4,5 kg mudi vd 5- 5,5 kwh dien Thiit bi ndy duac su dung cdc trgm cdp nude sinh hogt cdng sudt 25000-50000 m^/ngdy Abstract: Electrochemical device for producing sodium hypochlorite by eledrolizing salt solution flow in the cylinder electrochemical reaction chamber without memberane beetwen electrodes, with capacity of active chlorine more than kg/h was made The anode electrodes are Ti pieces coated by inert layer Ru02Ir02Ti02 for protecting electrochemical corrosion The main econotechnical parameters of this device are following: the capacity of active chlorine is 2,2 kg/h, active chlorine concentration of solution is 4,5-5 g/l, for producing kg of active chlorine it consumes - 4,5 kg white sah and 5-5,5 kwh electricity This device is using in water supply stations with capacity 25000-50000 m^/day I.M6DAU Da si cac nha may cdp nuoc sinh boat tren thi giai sir dung clo hoac cac hgp chdt CO clo boat tinh de khir trung nuac truoc dua vao mang Ing dan ngoai nha may Truoc day hon 50 nam nguai ta chuyen dung clo, ldy tir cac binh tich bdng thep duoi ap sudt cao, trgn voi nuoc theo mgt ty le nhdt dinh dl khir trung Tir sau nhirng nam 1960 cho din bien phap sir dung cac thiit bi dien hoa san xudt nuoc Gia ven tir nuoc muli nha may nuoc lam phuong tien khir triing nuoc cdp cang dugc phi biin ap dung rgng rai thay cho cac binh tich clo duoi ap suat cao, chu ylu nhu cdu bao dam an to^n cho nguai va moi trucmg xung quanh Mgt uu dilm khac cua nuoc Gia ven dugc san xudt bdng phuang phap dien h6a la dugc diing va co nIng dp clo boat tinh thdp nen no khong bi giam chdt lugng nhieu bao quan va chuyen cho nhu nuac Gia ven mua tir cac nha may boa chdt dugc tao bang each cho clo trgn voi xut Viec sir dung thiit bi san xudt nuac Gia ven cac nha may nuac de khir triing nuac cdp cho cac thi la xu thi chung tren thi giai Nam 2009, Vien Cong nghe moi truang thuoc Vien Khoa hoc va Cong nghe Viet Nam da nghien ciiu va che tao cong thiit bi dien hoa GIAVINH 500 san xudt dung djch natri hypoclorit c6 cong suat clo boat tinh 500 g/gia vai cac chi so kinh tl - ky thuat dac trung co the so sanh dugc vai cac san pham tuong tu dugc san xudt a nhilu nuac [ ] 120 Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10/2010 Thang nam 2010, Vien Cong nghe moi truang da hoan viec che tao thiet bi dien hoa GIAVINH 2000 san xuat dung dich natri hypoclorit co cong suat clo boat tinh tren kg/gia MO TA THIET BI 2.1 So cong nghe Trong thiet bi san xuat natri hypoclorit co hai bp phan quan trpng nhat la buong phan ung dien boa - noi nuac muoi chuyen natri hypoclorit va khoi nguon dien mot chieu kem voi bp phan dieu khien boat dong cua thiet bi Ngoai ra, de bao dam thiet bi boat dong on dinh lien tuc tren 20 gio mot can phai kiem soat va khong che cac yeu to anh buong den hieu qua boat dong ciia thiet bi nhu dp ciing cua nuoc dau vao, nhiet dp boat dong ciia buong phan ling, dp d6ng can sau mot thai gian boat dong, an toan chong chay no Do do, mot so bp phan phu trg khac nhu bp Ipc nuoc, thiet bi lam mem nuoc, cac he thong rira buong dien hoa, khong che nhiet dp cua san pham, lam loang hydro thiing dung san pham ciing can dugc trang bi Hinh the hien so khoi va mo binh thiet bi GIAVINH 2000 co cong suat clo boat tinh kg/gia Hinh 1: So dd cdng nghi [2] (a) vd thid bi WA TERCHLO 2000 (b) 2.2 Buong dien hoa Buong dien boa la bg phan quyet dinh hieu qua hoat dong cua thiet bi va chat lugng san pham natri hypoclorit Hien buong dien boa dugc sir dung bien nhat co dang hinh ong, ben co sap xep cac tam dien cue cac lop noi tiep theo chieu dai 6ng[3] cdu tao buong dien boa the hien tren hinh Hinh 2: Cdu tgo budng dien hda thiit bi WATERCHLO 2000 (1Catdt, 2- Bdn luang cue, 3- Andt) Anit phii hgp nhat doi voi qua trinh dien phan tao clo la loai oxit hon hgp (anot composit), oxit titan va oxit ruteni (RuxTii.x04 ) tren nen kim loai titan (ORTA) Voi phdn Ru02 chilm 30% bon hgp oxit thi vat lieu anot ORTA co boat tinh xuc tac dien boa cao va dp bin chong an mon cao Ham lugng Ru02 khoang 20 -30% it anh buong toi thi anIt, den dong trao doi cua phan ling clo va dan dien ciia he dien phan [2] 121 ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7 Tieu ban: Moi tru&ng vd Ndng lugng Nhung tdm dien cue co ten gpi la DSA (dimensionaly stable anodes) Hinh dang cac tam dien cue the hien tren hinh BIPOLE J-2000 ANODE AND CATODE J-2CC0 a B-B 4> r ^ \ — ~1 ^m^mii:tm^0^:i: Hinh 3: Cdu tgo cdc tdm dien cue budng dien hda thiit bi WATERCHLO 2000 (a Tdm andt vd catdt; b Tdm luang cue) 2.3 Nguon mot chieu Ve CO ban hien co hai loai nguon mot chieu diing cho dien boa: - Ngudn mdt chiiu cd diin dugc lam theo nguyen tac la diing bien the dien ap xoay chieu ciia luoi dien xuong dien ap can chinh luu (co hoac khong co dieu khien) de tao miic chenh lech dien ap mgt chieu can thiet Loai nguon co uu diem la dp tin cay cao va ben, nhung ciing co nhugc diem Ion la nang ne, cong kenh va hieu suat sir dung dien khong cao (khong it hon 70 %) - Ngudn inverter (switching) kieu mai dugc lam theo nguyen ly bien doi xoay chieu xung co tan so cao nho bg nghich luu (hay bg dao dgng xung) sau moi chinh luu mgt chieu O may co yeu cau dong dien Ion thi phai sir dung luoi dien pha Loai nguon co hai uu diem Ion la hieu suat sir dung dien cao (khong it hon 80 %) va ggn nhe Hien hau bet cac nguon dien mot chieu Ion deu diing loai Tuy nhien can nghien cuu them ve dp ben, dp tin cay cua loai nguon a moi truang khong co nong dp hoi nuoc va boa chat cao - Ngudn DC cho thiet bi san xuat natri hypoclorit cong suat lan Nhu da trinh bay a tren, cac may san xuat nuoc natri hypoclorit co cong sudt clo boat tinh tir 1000 g/gio tro len yeu cau cong suat dien mot chieu DC Ion hon kw nen nguIn DC inverter sir dung luoi dien pha da dugc lira chgn de diing cho thiit bi GIAVINH 2000 (hinh 4) seovkc CHhHl.LAJ\/AHG»CHLtnj RIQw/r LI F4 JUl Hinh 4: Ngudn DC thiit bi Waterchlo 2000 (a.So dd khdi; b.Ngudn DC) 122 Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm I len Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10/2010 Dien pha dau vao dugc chinh luu dien mot chieu, nho khoi nghich luu tao cac xung xoay chieu dien ap xoay chieu dugc chinh luu mot lan nira dien mot chieu de tao nguon dien phan cong suat Ion Viec dieu chinh dong dugc thuc bien nhu sau: thong tin ve dong dien loi dugc dua ve khoi dieu khien va so sanh vai mirc dong dien ma ta dat Neu co su chenh lech, khoi dieu khien se tac dong den dp rong xung ciia khoi nghich luu (bay ciia khoi tao xung), nho dieu chinh dugc dong dien theo tri so mong muon Vi bien dp xung ciia khoi nghich luu khong bi thay doi nen dien ap ciia nguon khong doi, chi thay doi dp rong xung ma thoi So nguyen ly ciia khoi dieu khien xem tren hinh Tren khoi dieu khien c6 thiet ke loai bao ve: qua dong, qua nhiet, va qua ap Ngoai co them mot num dieu chinh dien ap DC cho ddu Ngoai nguon DC diing cho dien phan, de thiet bi boat dong dong bp, tien Igi, an toan can dieu khien cac bp phan, chi tilt khac So dl mach dien dieu khien thiet bi GIAVENH 2000 da dugc che tao dugc the hien tren hinh Voi thiet ke may boat dong che dp: lam viec va bdo tri O che dp Idm viec, may dugc khoi dong bang cong tac roi chuyen sang san xuat Khi thiet bi a che dp cac thong tin nhu dong dien qua tai, can nuoc nguyen lieu, day san pham thiing chiia, qua nhiet buong dien b6a vv deu dugc bao den nguoi van hanh de xir ly hoac thiet bi se tu dong ngimg van hanh (/) che dp bdo tri, axit loang dugc bom vao buong dien boa de rira can bam tren cac ban cue catot theo thai gian quy dinh boi ro le thai gian Ngoai ta thiet bi tir dong ngimg lam viec va bao loi neu mat pha dien luoi -\ "" \- GHI CHU RG ROLETRUNG GIAN FC PHAO CAN THUNG NUOC MEM FD PHAO DAY THUNG SAN PHAM RN ROLE NHIET K KHOI DONG TU CMI CM2 CONG TAC CHUYEN MACH QK QUAT KHI I] IIAO TRJ —e— Hinh 5: Sa dd mgch dien thiit bi GIAVINH2000 D l.AM vii:c —e— D NCLiON —e— 1) sn CO 123 ISBN: 978-604-913-013-7 Tieu ban: Moi tru&ng vd Ndng lugng KET QUA NGHIEN ClTU ANH HUTdNG CUA CAC YEU TO DEN NANG SUAT CLO HOAT TINH 3.1 Anh htfong cua dong dien den nang suat clo hoat tinh Thiit bi GIAVINH 2000 dugc van hanh voi dong dien tir 281,0 A din 317,7 A, luu lugng va nIng dp muli khong dli Chdt lugng san phdm ddu dugc phan tich bdng phuong phap chudn thiosunfat - iot tai Vien Cong nghe moi trucmg Cac chi si ky thuat co ban thu nhan dugc tir thir nghiem the hien bang Bdng 1: Anh hudng cua ddng diin din ndng sudt clo hogt tinh tren thiit bi GIA VINH 2000 Ddng Luu Ndng dp Diin luang mudi dp DC diin DC (l/h) (A) (V) (g/l) 7^C mdi truong fc fC) fC) SP Tieu hao Ndng Tiiu hao Ndng mudi (g diin DC dd Clo sudt Clo NaCl/g Clo) (W/g Clo) (g/h) '(g/l) 520,4 21,3 31,3 281,0 33 41,0 4,118 2143,00 5,17 4,10 520,4 21,0 31,6 290,5 33 41,5 4,295 2235,11 4,89 4,11 520,4 21,0 31,8 302,1 33 42,0 4,437 2309,01 4,73 4,16 520,4 21,4 32,1 317,7 33 43,0 4,508 2345,96 4,75 4,35 3.2 Anh hvong cua nong muoi Thiet bi GIAVINH 2000 dugc van hanh voi nong muoi thay doi tir 16,4 g/1 din 24,9 g/1, dong dien va luu lugng khong doi Cac chi so ky thuat co ban thu nhan dugc tir thir nghiem the hien bang Bdng 2: Anh hudng cita ndng dp mudi din ndng sudt clo hogt tinh tren thiit bi GLA VTNH 2000 Ndng Dien Ddng T^C mdi Luu lucmg dd mudi dp DC diin DC truang (l/h) (A) (V) (g/l) J^C SP Ndng Ndng dd Clo sudt Clo (g/h) (g/l) Tieu hao mudi (g NaCl/g Clo) Tiiu hao diin DC (W/g Clo) 520,4 16,4 33,3 300,1 33 43,5 4,118 2143,33 3,98 4,66 520,4 18,3 32,6 301,3 34 42,5 4,366 2272,41 4,19 4,32 520,4 24,9 30,9 300,6 33 42,0 4,544 2365,06 5,48 3,93 Anh hu'ong cua luu Ivong Thiit bi GIAVINH 2000 chay thir nghiem voi luu lugng thay dli tir 396,3 l/h din 644,7 l/h, dong dien va nIng dp muli khong dli Cac chi si ky thuat ca ban thu nhan dugc tir thir nghiem the hien bang 124 Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10/2010 Bdng 3: Anh hudng ciia lieu lucmg din ndng sudt clo hogt tinh tren thiit bi GIA VINH 2000 Lieu Ndng dp Diin Ddng 7^C mdi luang mudi dp DC lien DC truang (l/h) fC) (A) (V) (g/l) fc SP fC) Ndng Tiiu hao Tieu hao Ndng dd sudt Clo mudi (g diin DC Clo (g/l) (UVg Clo) NaCl/g Clo) (g/h) 396,3 20,3 32,0 302,0 31 45,0 5,254 2082,16 3,86 4,64 464,6 20,5 31,9 301,8 31 42,5 4,575 2210,10 4,48 4,35 469,5 20,8 31,7 301,0 34 43,5 4,721 2217,02 4,40 4,30 490,9 20,8 31,7 301,8 34 43,0 4,508 2213,02 4,61 4,32 496,5 20,2 31,9 300,6 34 43,0 4,437 2203,19 4,55 4,35 508,2 20,3 31,9 300,1 34 43,0 4,402 2237,22 4,61 4,28 644,7 20,5 32,1 301,8 31 38,0 3,834 2471,77 5,34 3,92 Doi chieu ket qua thir nghiem qua cac chi so tren cac bang 1, va co the thay de dat nang suat clo boat tinh tren kg/gia thi dong dien can Ion hon 281 A, nong muoi khong nho hanl6,4 g/1, luu lugng dung dich Ion hon 396,3 l/h Nhin chung, dong dien, nong dp muoi va luu lugng tang thi nang suat clo tang Che van hanh toi uu ve mat kinh te - ky thuat cua thiet bi GIAVINH 2000 dugc xac dinh la: dong dien 290 - 300A, luu lugng san pham 450 - 500 l/h, nong dp muoi san pham 18-22 g/1 KET LUAN Voi cac ket qua nghien ciiu trinh bay o tren, Vien Cong nghe moi truang da che tao cong thiet bi dien boa GIAVFNH 2000 san xuat dung dich natri hypoclorit co cong suat clo boat tinh tren 2000 g/gio Thiet bi se dugc nghien ciiu hoan thien ca ve thiet ke tong the lan cau tao cua timg bp phan, chi tiet cau qua trinh van hanh a cac nha may nuoc Lai cdm on: Bdi bdo ndy duac hodn thdnh vdi su giiip kinh phi tie du dn sdn xudt thuc nghiem ddc lap cdp nhd nude "Hodn thien cdng nghi vd chi tgo thiit bi sdn xudt hypoclorit natri cdng sudt dudi 5kg clo hogt tinh/gid" Md sd: DADL - 2009/07 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Nguyen Hoai Chau, Nguyen Trpng Boi, Nguyen Dinh Cuong, ''Nghien ciru chi tgo thiit bi diin hod sdn xudt dung dich khir triing natri hypoclorit sic dung cdc trgm cdp nude', Tap chi Khoa hoc va Cong nghe, NXB Vien KHCNVN, si 48 (3), 2010 Trinh Xuan Sen, ''Diin hda hpc", tr 268-271, NXB Dai hpc quIc gia Ha Noi - 2004 Website: www.Clortec.com; www.Titanindia.com; www.ecanode.com; 125 ... 4, 721 22 17, 02 4,40 4,30 490,9 20 ,8 31,7 301,8 34 43,0 4,508 22 13, 02 4,61 4, 32 496,5 20 ,2 31,9 300,6 34 43,0 4,437 22 03,19 4,55 4,35 508 ,2 20,3 31,9 300,1 34 43,0 4,4 02 223 7 ,22 4,61 4 ,28 644,7 20 ,5... sudt Clo NaCl/g Clo) (W/g Clo) (g/h) ''(g/l) 520 ,4 21 ,3 31,3 28 1,0 33 41,0 4,118 21 43,00 5,17 4,10 520 ,4 21 ,0 31,6 29 0,5 33 41,5 4 ,29 5 22 35,11 4,89 4,11 520 ,4 21 ,0 31,8 3 02, 1 33 42, 0 4,437 23 09,01... Ndng dd sudt Clo mudi (g diin DC Clo (g/l) (UVg Clo) NaCl/g Clo) (g/h) 396,3 20 ,3 32, 0 3 02, 0 31 45,0 5 ,25 4 20 82, 16 3,86 4,64 464,6 20 ,5 31,9 301,8 31 42, 5 4,575 22 10,10 4,48 4,35 469,5 20 ,8 31,7