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NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG III CHE XAO ranrr B I n n KGHIIIM CHIMG MEVH rmn CHAT IHUAIIT rij, JVGHICH TU VAlWG DIUSTG KTTHUAT CIJA CHAT S A T T T ThS Hd Duygn Tung Tru&ng THPT Ddn tpc npi tru tinh Thanh Ho[.]
NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG III CHE XAO ranrr B I n n KGHIIIM CHIMG MEVH rmn CHAT IHUAIIT rij, JVGHICH TU VAlWG DIUSTG KTTHUAT CIJA CHAT S A T T T ThS Hd Duygn Tung Tru&ng THPT Ddn tpc npi tru tinh Thanh Hod I M d d l u Trong chuong trinh vdt Ii Idp 11 THPT, hge sinh (HS) dugc hgc cdc kien thdc ve ehdt thuan tu, nghich tu, sat tii cdc ling dyng cua cac ehdt Tuy nhien, d cae trudng phd thdng khdng duge trang hi ede thiet bi thi nghiem (TN) de cho giao vien (GV) su dyng cho viec td chdc cae hogt ddng nhan thdc cua HS; HS khdng dugc boat ddng thye nghi?m hgc eac kien thdc Chinh vi vgy, chung tdi nghien cdu, thiet ke, che tgo thi nghiem chung minh tmh chat thuan tii, nghich tu vd ling dyng ky thudt ciia chdt sat tu nham giup GV su dyng cdc thilt bi thi nghiem de td ehue eae boat dgng nhan thuc cua HS qua trinh hge cae kiln thue ve chat thuan tu, nghich tii va sat tu n Che tao cac thi nghiem C h i tao TN chirng minh tinh ch^t thuan tu, nghich t u a Chi tgo TN chirng minh tinh chdt thu^n tie, nghich tu - Mgt dogn ddng (1) ed dudng kinh 3mm, ehieu dai 5em duge cdm thang dung tren mdt mieng xdp (2) nhd Milng xdp duge dat tren mat nude cua mdt khay nude (3) cd kich thudc 30em x 20cm x dcrti - Mgt nam cham vinh eiiu (4) cd kich thudc 6cm x 3cm X Icm - Doan nhdm (5) ed kich thudc bang dogn ddng (1) vd mdt ong nghiem thuy tinh (6) Hinh b Cdc thi nghiem tien hdnh v&i TN chung minh tinh chdt thugn tir, nghfch tit - Mye dieh cua thi nghiem: chiing minh ddng va thuy tinh cd tinh chat nghich tu; nhdm cd tinh chat thuan tu - Lan lugt cam thang dung cdc dng nghiem thuy tinh, dogn ddng vd nhdm len tren mieng xdp nhd nhu hinh Dgt mieng xdp tren mat nude eua khay nude, sau dd dua nam eham vmh cuu lgi gan dng nghiem thuy tinh, dogn ddng va nhdm Ket qua thi nghiem: nam cham day dng nghiem bang thuy tinh va doan ddng; hut dogn nhdm Ket lugn: Khi ddng vd thuy tinh dgt ti-ong tu trudng ciia nam eham vTnh cim thi bj nam ehdm day nen ddng va thuy tinh Id chat ngbieh tii; nhdm ddt tu hTidng cua nam cham vmh edu thi bi nam eham vTnh cim hiit nen nhdm Id ehat thugn tu C h i t^o thi nghiem m^ch chuong bao dgng • a Che tgo thi nghiem mgch chudng bdo dgng - Mdt cdng tac tu (7) ddng IT i_ (a) "IT N (b) Hinh md bang nam eham (8) ed eau tao gdm hai la sat tii dgt Ngay nhgn bai 29/5/2012 Ngay duy^l ddng 20/6/2012 TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 83-7/2012 • 25 NGHIEN CUU & iiUG DUNG each mgt khoang rat nlid mdt dng thuy tinh Khi khdng dat cdng tdc hi trudng, cdng tae ludn md KJii dgt edng tae tu tii trudng cua mgt nam ehfiin vTnh cuu nhu hinh 3a thi hai la sat tu eua edng tac td bj iihicni tu va trd hai nam eham cd cue tii dat egnh trai eye nen hut nhau, cdng tac ddng Nguge Igi, dgt cdng tae tu td trudng cua hai nam cham vmh ciiu nhu hinh 3b thi hai Id sat tu bj nhiem tu va trd hai nam eham ed eye tii dat egnh eung eye nen day nhau, cdng tac md - Tranzito (9), biln ti-d (10), chudng dien (11) va ngudn di$n 3V (12) dugc mac theo so dd hinh Hai ddu mdi linh dien Hinh dien td, ngudn di?n dugc ndi vdi cae ehdt cam vd ed ehan gan tren bang nhya de HS d l ddng lap rap mach di?n qua trinh tien hanh thi nghiem b Cdc thi nghifm tien 26 hdnh v&i thi nghiem mgch chudng bdo dgng - Chudng bdo dgng su dyng ddi song g6m hai bg phgn, bg phgn bdo dgng duge gdn CO djnh vd mgt nam eham dugc gan tren cua nhu hinh Khi cda ddng, edng tac tu md, dong bazo ciia tranzito bdng khdng nen chudng di?n khdng keu Khi eua md, cdng tac tii ddng ldm xuat hi^n ddng bazo, ddng di?n colecta ldm cho chudng di^n keu - Chgn cae linh ki^n di^n tu: tranzito thugn, biln trd, edng tac tu, chudng di^n, ngudn di?n vd nam cham vmh cim kich thudc 2cm x Icm X 0,5em Lap rdp mgch dien theo so dd hinh nhung chi su dyng I nam cham vTnh edu dgt cgnh cdng tac tu; dieu ehinh bien trd de chgn gia tri dien trd thich hgp ldm cho chudng dien keu Lan lugt dgt them nam cham vTnh cuu va ddi eye nam eham vmh eiiu, tii dd riit ket luan ve nguyen tde boat dgng eua cdng tac tu vd ciia chudng bdo dgng IIL K i t luan - Thi nghiem ehe tao mdi ed gia re nen cd thi eung edp nhilu bg thi nghigm ndy cho cdc trudng phd thdng Su dyng nhieu bg thi nghiem d l td chuc ede hogt dgng nhgn thuc cua HS se giup eho HS duge hoat dgng thyc nghi?m hge tap eac kiln thde chit thuan tu, nghich tu, sdt tu vd eae ung dyng eua eac chdt Tai li^u t h a m khao • TAP CHI THIET 81 GIAO Dl/C - SO 83 • 7/2012 [I] Nguyen The Khoi (Tdng ehu bien), Nguyen Phiic Thu4n (chu biSn), Nguyen Ngge Hung, Vu Thanh Khilt, Phgm Xuan Que, Phgm Dinh Thilt, Nguyen Trdn Trdc Vat li 11 Ndng cao Nxb Gido dye 2007 [2] Nguyen Biic Tham (Chii bien), Nguyen Ngpc Hung, Pham Xudn (Jue Phucmg phap day hge vat Ii d trudng phd thdng Nxb Dai bgc Su phgm Ha Ngi 2002 Summary In the program 11 high school physics class, students have learnt the knowledge of paramagnetism, d i a m a g n e t i s m , ferromagnetism, and applications of these substances However, schools are not equipped with laboratory equipment to the teacher using to teach this knowledge New experiments made so cheaply can provide many of these experiments for high schools Using lots of experiments in teaching will help students to take part in experimental activities while learning the empirical knowledge of paramagnetism, d i a m a g n e t i s m , ferromagnetism, and the applications substances of these