Tap chi Nghien cUu va Phat trien, sd (77) 2009 57 HE THONG DONG Ll/C TO HYBRH) CHO NGOI si/ DUNG DIEN VA KHI DAU MO HOA LONG LPG Biji Van Ga, Tran Thanh Hai Tung/ Ho Sl Xuan Dieu" Gidfi t h i e u Ke' td nam 1885, chie'c d td dau tien cua the gidi ddi de'n nay, d to da trd mpt loai phUPng tien van tai khdng the thie'u ddi sd'ng ngudi Tuy nhien, sU phat trie'n khdng ngdng cua d td da lam sinh nhdng van de nan giai cho xa hdi, dd hai van de no'i com la tinh trgng d nhiem mdi trUdng thdi d td gdy va sU qud tdi cua ca sd hg tdng giao thdng Td lau cac nha khoa hpc va quan ly xa hdi da va dang nghien cdu de dua nhieu giai phap ban che' sU tac hai cua hai van de Trong hpn hai thap nien qua, nUdc ta da cd nhdng phat trie'n khdng ngdng ve kinh te, nhu cau sd dung d td cua ca nUdc da tang len dang ke, vi vay can thie't phai cd mpt loai d td ca nhan thich hpp vdi dieu kien sd dung d nudc De ban che' sU d nhiem mdi trUdng thai d td tao ra, cac nha nghien cdu da dUa nhieu giai phap de phat trie'n d td "sach" Trong giai phap td'i Uu nha't la d td dien bi ban che' bdi kha nang ILTU trd ndng lupng cua ac quy, thi giai phap trung gian cho van de la d td hybrid logi d td phdi hgp sd dung hai ngudn dgng lUc dien vd nhiet da trd hien thUc va cd trie'n vpng nha't nhieu nam qua va it nha't ca vai thap nien sdp de'n Nudc ta cd the' chu dpng cung cap ngudn LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas - Khi dau md hda long), nen ne'u sd dung nang lupng dien ket hpp vdi LPG (thay vi dung dien va xang nhu cac d td du lich da dupc san xuat tren the' gidi) thi d td lai cang sach bon De giam tai cho cP sd tang giao thdng, dieu kien cd sd tang phuc vu cho giao thdng d nudc ta chua dUpc phat trien, dudng sa chat hep, bai dau xe cdn it di thi viec sd dung d td ca nhan chd ngoi cd kich thUdc nho gpn la rat tien dung Vi vay d td hybrid chd ngoi sd dung nang lupng dien va LPG la loai to phu hpp dieu kien Viet Nam Trong viec nghien cdu o td hybrid thi quan trpng nha't la thie't ke' va che' tao he thd'ng ddng lUc nham cd dUpc su ke't hpp hai nguon nang lupng hoan toan khac td hybrid cd nhieu chung loai khac nhau, nhitog de' han che td'i da d nhidm mdi trUdng va phu hop vdi dieu kien d Viet Nam, yeu cau he thd'ng dpng luc thie't ke' phai la: - Hoat ddng d'n dinh, tin cay, cd the ke't hop dd dang hai nguon nang lupng dien va nhiet (LPG); Dai hpe Da N i n g Trung tam Dang kiem xe ed gidi ThQa Thien Hue Tap chi Nghien cUu va Phat trien, so' (77) 2009 58 - DUPC van hanh td nguon nang lupng chinh la dien, can td'c dp cao mdi can them suf hd trd cua nang lUpng LPG Nguon dien cung ca'p chu ye'u cho md td dien dUpc nap lai td lUdi dien dan dung; - Td'c dp xe vda phai, kich thudc nhd, gon, chuyen boat dpng d npi va vung lan can t h a n h phd, de' thay the' xe gdn may Chung tdi da tien hanh thie't ke', che' tao sau dd lap dat hoan chinh he thdng dpng lUc d td hybrid tren mpt d td du lich chd da cd sdn, tie'n hanh dac cac ithdng sd ky thuat thUc nghiem vd so sanh vdi tinh toan ly thuye't De thuan ldi cho viec gpi ten, chdng tdi gpi d td chd ngoi lap dat he thdng dpng lUc hybrid dien-LPG thie't ke' la d td VIHA, vie't tdt td cum td tie'ng Anh: Vietnam Hybrid Automobile (d td hybrid Viet Nam) D a c d i e m t o h y b r i d c h o n g o i suf d u n g d i e n v a n h i e n l i e u LPG 2.1 He t h o n g dpng lu'c a Bo ket hgtp cong suat Bp ke't hdp cdng suat la bd phan cd chdc nang ke't hdp cdng sua't ngudn ndng lupng dien va nhiet Bp ke't hdp cdng suat cd nhieu dang khac nhau, nhien ve phUdng dien truyen dpng, cd the phan chia lam kieu cP ban: bp ke't hpp cdng suat kieu ndi cufng td'c dp; bp ket hpp cdng sua't kieu vi sai td'c dp; bp ke't hpp cdng sua't kieu hdn hdp (kieu ndi cufng va kieu vi sai td'c dp) va bp ke't hpp cdng sua't kieu bien md (i!hung tdi chpn bp ke't hdp cdng sua't kieu vi sai td'c dp vi day la bp truyen cP cd ke't ca'u khdng phdc tap va cd the' dam bao sU ke't hpp linh boat td'c dp cua hai nguon ddng lUc Tuy nhien bd ke't hpp cdng sua't kieu vi sai td'c dp lam viec khdng on dinh d pham vi td'c dp khdng cd sU thda man bieu thdc ve ty le mdmen gida hai nguon ddng lUc, vi vay chung tdi bd tri them khdp mpt chieu Cd nhieu loai hop vi sai khac nhau, nhU hop vi sai banh rang cdn, hop vi sai banh rang an khdp trong, hop vi sai banh rang an khdp ngoai De thuan ldi ve mat gia cdng va de thich hdp vdi ke't ca'u cua bp ket hdp cdng sua't kieu vi sai td'c dp cd bd tri them khdp mpt chieu, phUdng an dUdc chpn la hop vi sai banh rang an khdp ngoai Bd ket hpp cdng sua't kieu vi sai td'c dp banh rang an khdp ngoai cd bd tri khdp mpt chieu theo phuong an thie't ke dUdc the hien tren hinh Zi' / / Ll K, -yô, R,.' Zi' ///// R "ã^'11 r XJ 11 ^ ^ Z2R2 VA B |R3 Z3 \'i /a m -2 V COj J 7u Hinh Bp ket hpp cdng s u i t thiet ke A- Ngudn ddng ipc thd nhat-md tP dien; B- Ngudn ddng Ipc thQ hai-ddng ed nhiet; ' , 1" - Cae banh rang ve tinh cua vi sai; 2Banh rang trung tam true vac; 3Banh rang trung tam true ra, dQde ndi cQng vdi true bd ket hpp edng s u a t ; ^ - K h d p mpt ehieu; K,, KJ - Khda; iS^=(Jo, - Td'e dp gdc cua ngudn A; (L^ - Td'e dp gde eua banh rang a; (Jo^ - Tde dp gdc cua ngudn B; ujj - Tde dp gde true eua bd ket hpp 59 Tap chi Nghien cUu va Phat trien, sd ^7) 2009 Ta cd quan he mdmen va td'c dp cua true vd cdc true vao cua ngudn dpng luc: * Khi khdp mpt chieu lam viec: M„= = MD -H Hn = MN n, * Khi khdp mdt chieu khdng lam viec, hop vi sai phat huy tac dung: ^ = M^/kj = Mj^/k^ — = np k -t- n^ -k " Trong dd: - n^, Mj,: td'c dp, mdmen cua md td dien d true vao bd ke't hpp cdng sua't; - nj,j, Mj,^: td'c dp, mdmen cua dpng cP nhiet d true vdo bd ke't hop cdng suat; - n^^, M^^: td'c dp, mdmen d true bp ke't hpp cdng sua't; - kj, kg: he so phu thupc so' rang cac banh rang bd ke't hop cdng sua't Sd he thdng ddng lite Cau chu dpng Banh xe Kh6a ham Motor di^n •^^3 CSn dieu khien trung tam Kh6p chieu B6 /