Nghiên cứu xác định các thông số tối ưu máy sấy lạnh mật ong

KHOA HOC CONG NGHE IVGHIEIV CIJU XAC DflXIH CAC THOIMG s d TOI UU IVIAY S A Y LAIMH IVIAT OiVG Vii Ki Hoaeh\ Nguyin Hay^, Le Quang Giang^, Le Anh Diic^ TOM TAT Vdi md hinh may say mat ong nang suat 30 kg/me da dugc thiet ke che tao, da tien hanh nghien ciiu nhlm xac dinh su anh hudng cila cac thdng sd cau tao va thdng sd boat ddng cua may den cac chi tieu kinh te ky thuat cua may say mat ong Cac thi nghiem dugc bd tri va tien hanh theo kieu nglu nhien hoan toan, cac thdng sd dac trung cho may say dugc xac dinh blng phuong phap quy hoach thuc nghiem nhieu yeu td Ket qua khao nghiem da xac dinh dugc phuong trinh bieu diin su anh hudng cua nhiet dp tac nhan say, van tdc tac nhan say va dudng kinh Id sang den ham lugng HMF mat ong sau say va miic chi phi dien nang rieng theo phuong an thuc nghiem bac hai: A = 4,61613 - 0,0911846.1 - 0,999206.v - 0,833025.d + 2,25.10-' td + 0,04375.vd +7,87531.10-*.^^ + 0,425915.^^ + 0,0858241.d' va HMF = 20,438 - 0,288468.1 3,85298.v - 5,39652.d + 0,0375.t.v + 2,62943.IQ-lt^ + l,06887.v2 + 0,665994.dl Bai toan tdi uu da muc tieu dugc lap tren co sd hai chi tieu HMF va chi phi dien nang rieng dugc giai blng phan mem Excel Ket qua giai bai toan tdi uu da xac dinh dugc che dp lam viec tdi uu ciia may nhu sau: nhiet dp tac nhan say 48,3°C, tdc dp tac nhan say 0,95 m/s va dudng kinh Id sang mm Tir khda: May say lanh, mat ong, ham lugng hydroxy methyl furfural (HMF), chi phi dien nang rieng, thong so toi mi LDATVANDE Viet Nam cd nhiiu diiu kien thuan Igi de phat triin manh nglnh nuoi ong lay mat, ong khong nhirng dem lai nhiiu sin pham cd gil tri tieu diing ngi dia vl xult khiu nhu mat ong, phIn hoa, siia ong chiia ma cdn gdp phan quan trgng vIo viec thu phan cho cly trdng, tao diiu kien tang nang suit cay trdng ndng nghiep Hien tai d hlu h i t d c dia phuong vIn dang Ip dung quy trinh e6ng nghe v l d e thiit bi sly mat ong dugc ehi tao tir 25 nam trudc, ed nang suit thIp m l chit lugng cung chua cao Do vay, viec nghien eiiu thiit bi sly d i tang nang suit, gilm chi phi sly vl dat chat lugng mat ong xuat khau cho nganh che bien san pham ong mat hien d Viet Nam la rIt ed y nghia Song song vdi viec nghien ciiu d i tiin vl ling dung d e nguyen ly say phii hgp nhat say mat ong, viec nghien ciiu xlc dinh d c thdng sd cau tao vl th6ng sd boat ddng cua may van hinh thuc ti II hit siic quan trgng Nghien eiiu tim th6ng sd vl che dd say thich hgp se din d i n ehi phi sly thap, thdi gian say ngIn, nang suit cao, chat lugng mat ong dam bao tieu chuan xuat khIu Ben canh dd, viec nghien ciiu xac dinh c h i say hgp ly cho thiit bi say mat ong II rIt can thiit ' Trudng Cao dSng Ky thuat Cao Thang TP HCM - Trudna Dai hpc Nong Lam TP HCM II NGUYEN LY HOAT DONG Nghien ciiu sii dung m6 hinh mIy sly mat ong nang suit 30 kg/me theo nguyen ly sly lanh da dugc thiit k i e h i tao (hinh 1) Sau tiin hinh khao nghiem so bg d i kiim tra chit lugng e h i tao, tinh dn dinh vl k h i nang lam viec eiia mIy II dat yeu clu ky thuat, mIy dugc su dung d i tiin hinh nghien eiiu quy hoach thuc nghiem • Hinh So dd cau tao may say lanh mat ong Dong CO bom; Bom pit tong; PQiung mIy; Thiing chiia mat ong; Sing; Budng say; Ong phan phdi mat ong; Xyclon; Ong hdi lira tic nhan say; 10 Quat ly tam; 11 Din bay hoi; 12 Dan ngimg tu chinh; 13 Din ngung tii phu NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO - THANG 6/2010 95 KHOA HOC CONG NGHE Nguyen ly boat ddng: mat ong dugc cung cap vIo thting ehiia mat nam d day thIp sly, sau dd duge bom lien tuc len tren dinh thIp say vl dugc phun chay tir tren xudng qua d c khay sing due Id Khi di qua d e Id sing, mat se chay thInh timg gigt vl roi xudng phia dudi nhu mua Sau roi xudng thtmg chiia, mat tiip tuc duge bom len dinh thIp say mot elch tuIn holn Cae tam sing ed tie dung llm toi gigt mat vl phan bd ddng diu budng sly Tie nhan sly duge quat thdi qua din bay hoi di tich am, sau dd den din ngung di gia nhiet din nhiet dd sly can thiit vl duge dua vIo budng say tai vi tri dudi cimg eua thIp say Tie nhan sly di tir dudi thap len tren dinh thIp thong qua khoing trdng giiia ele slng( sing dat so le) Qui trinh tiip xiic giiia mat va tie nhan say duge diin d hai dang: ngugc chiiu vl vu6ng gde Tie nhan say sau khdi budng say se hdi lira 100% trd vi din bay hoi di tich am vl qua din ngung tu di gia nhiet vl vIo lai budng say Qui trinh eii diin lien tuc cho din Im mat ong giam xudng dat yeu elu Mot sd mat theo tie nhan say ngoli se dugc ling xudng dly xyclon vl lly ngoli thude 15 sing budng sly vl th6ng sd van hinh cua mIy say mat ong din ele ehi tieu kinh ti ky thuat eiia mIy cung nhu mdi quan he cua chiing Su dung phuong phIp quy hoach thuc nghiem vdi md hinh bli toln hop den Tren co sd kit qua quy hoach thuc nghiem, tiin hinh xlc dinh ele th6ng sd tdi uu cho mIy sly Phuong phap gidi han cac thdng sd thuc nghiem: Cd rat nhiiu th6ng sd Inh hudng din cac ehi tieu kinh ti ky thuat cua mIy say, d c th6ng sd thuc nghiem dugc ehgn can eii vIo ly thuyit m6 hinh hoi: th6ng sd dau vIo phai that su anh hudng den qui trinh nghien cuu, niu su anh hudng ehi II nglu nhien d n loai bd vl han ehi su anh hudng ciia chiing blng phuong phIp nglu nhien hda ele thi nghiem CIc thdng sd diu vIo etia qui trinh nghien ciiu phii ed y nghia vat ly va II mot dai lugng dim duge, diiu khiin dugc vl dac biet II d e th6ng sd phai doe lap vdi Vdi eo sd tren, ele th6ng sd cdn lai dua vIo nghien ciiu bao gdm: nhiet tie nhan say, van tdc tic nhan sly vl dudng kinh 15 sing Phuong phap bd tri thi nghiem: Theo kiiu ngau nhien holn toan (CRD-Completely Random Design) Phuong phIp qui hoach thuc nghiem dugc tiin hanh tir bac I vl phIt trien len bac II niu bac I kh6ng phii hgp Trong trudng hgp d hai phuong an kh6ng phu hgp eIn thiit ki lai thi nghiem tren co sd dinh lai vimg nghien ciiu va bd sung yiu td nghien ciiu ylr H ? ^ ^ ^ ; Di viec tinh toln thuc hien dugc thuan Igi, tien hinh ehuyin tir he true tu nhien Xj X^ sang he tinic khdng thii nguyen (he ma hoi) Vi$c ma hda dugc thuc hien di dang nhd' ehgn tim cua miin dugc nghien ciiu llm he true toa Vdi ki hoach thuc nghiem bac hai, ed dang ma hda nhu cdng thiic (1) Hinh May say lanh mat ong nang suat 30 kg/me dugc chi tao va lap rap hoan chinh III VAT UEU VA PHUONG P H A P NGHIEN CUU Vat Ueu say La mat ong nudi dugc thii hoach tai tinh Binh Phudc mang vi khIo nghiem da dugc Igc sach vdi d c chi tieu da kiim tra ban diu: am 23%, hydroxy methyl furfural (HMF) = 1,4 mg/kg, diastaza = 19,3 Sau say am mat ong dat 18% Ngi dung va phuong phap nghien ciiu Xle dinh anh hudng cua d e th6ng sd: kich 96 k k y = K+T *'^' + Z b,x,xj + j ; b,xf (1) /=! /=1 Trong dd: Xj, XJ: Gil tri ma hda cua ele th6ng sd Xi, XJ; b„: he sd tu do; b;: d e he sd tuyin tinh; bjj(iv^j): ele he sd tuong tic cap; b^: ele he sd bae hai; k: sd yiu td nghien cuu Gil tri ma hda X; ciia cac thdng sd duge tinh theo cong thiie (2): , ^ ^ ^ ^ AX, (2) NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO - THANG 6/2010 KHOA HOC CONG NGHE Trong dd: XJ: gia tri thuc eua th6ng sd vIo thii i; X" '• gil tri thuc d' miic co sd eiia th6ng sd vIo thii i; AX,: budc thay ddi eiia th6ng sd vIo thii i, Phuong phap dac thuc nghiem: cac sd Ueu dac true tiip gdm nhiet sly, thdi gian thi nghiem, khdi lugng mat ong say, am mat ong, e6ng suit dien tieu thu Tit ea dugc xlc dinh blng d e dung cu Cdn lai, hlu bet cac sd lieu ky thuat diu xlc dinh bang d e e6ng thiic tinh toan sau da dae true tiip d c sd lieu thInh phan Phuong phap xu ly sd lieu thuc nghiem: su dung chuong trinh Statgraphie vers 7.0 Ap dung phuong phIp khu sai sd thd ciia Aknazarova thuc hien thi nghiem nhan th6ng tin di loai bd sai sd thd So sinh cae sd trung binh blng phuong phap gidi ban sai khIe nhd nhat (LSD-Least Significant Difference) Phuong phIp gill tich toln hgc dugc su dung di giai quyit ele bli toln gill tich qui trinh nghien ciiu theo phuong phIp m6 hinh hoi, cung nhu giai cIc bai toln tdi tra hoi theo phuong phIp giai tich Su dung phuong phIp binh phuong nhd nhat vl d c noi dung phIn tich hdi qui, phan tich phuong sai di xlc dinh gil tri ele he sd md hinh hdi qui da thiic Sau xly dung md hinh hdi qui thuc nghiem, kiim tra miie y nghia cua d c he sd hdi qui theo tieu chuan Student, kiim tra tinh tuong thich m6 hinh theo tieu chuan thdng ke Fisher Ap dung phuong phIp phan tich phuong sai (ANOVA) di dinh gil miic dp anh hudng eiia th6ng sd nghien ciiu din qui trinh nghien ciiu ehi la nglu nhien hay thuc su cd Inh hudng Bli toln tdi uu hda duge xay dung tren eo sd ele him toln II d c phuong trinh hdi quy xlc dinh dugc bang phuong phIp quy hoach thuc nghiem ed dang da thiie bac II CIc phuong trinh nly xlc dinh him mue tieu vdi d e ehi tieu tdi uu dae tnmg cho mue dich nghien eiiu nhu chat lugng mat ong sau sly, chi phi nang lugng rieng di say Him diiu kien II ele ring huge ky thuat vl ring huge vi viing thuc nghiem nghien ciiu xay dung len m6 hinh toln Bli toln tdi uu dugc giii nhd may tinh dien tii theo thuat toln dd tim true tiip kit hgp vdi thuat toan nglu nhien Cue tri etia ele him chi tieu qui hoach thuc nghiem cue tri dugc gill blng chuong trinh - , Microsoft Excel IV KET QUA NGHIEN CUU Kit qua thuc nghiem don yiu td Sau xlc dinh th6ng sd vIo bang ly thuyit, tiin hinh thuc nghiem don yiu td lln lugt d c th6ng sd: nhiet tie nhan say ("C), van tdc tie nhan say (m/s) vl dudng kinh Id sing (mm) di xle dinh Inh hudng eiia chiing din ehi tieu diu eiia may II chit lugng mat ong va chi phi dien nang rieng (kWh/kg) Lln lugt tiin hinh thi nghiem don yiu td vdi timg thong sd, d e th6ng sd cdn lai giir d gia tri ed dinh la miic eo sd' da ehgn Cu thi, nghien ciiu Inh hudng eiia van tdc tie nhan sly, tiin hinh thay ddi van tdc tic nhan say tir 0,6 -^ 1,4 m/s, dudng kinh Id sing vl nhiet tie nhan sly giir ed dinh II mm vl 50"C Khi nghien eiiu anh hudng ciia dudng kinh Id sing, tiin hanh thay ddi dudng kinh Id sang tir -^ mm, van tdc tic nhan sly vl nhiet tie nhan sly giii cd dinh la m/s vl 50"C Khi nghien ciiu anh hudng eua nhiet tie nhan say, tiin hinh thay ddi nhiet tie nhan say tir 40 -^ 60°C, van tdc tie nhan sly vl dudng kinh 15 sing giir ed dinh II m/s vl mm Mdi miic bien thien eua th6ng sd dugc lap lai ba lan Miin qui hoach d e thong sd diu vao dugc gidi ban nhu sau: nhiet tic nhan say: t = 40 -J- 60"C, van tdc tic nhan say: v^ = 0,6 -^ 1,4 m/s, dudng kinh 15 sang: d = ^5 mm Thdng sd dau ra: bao gdm chi phi dien nang rieng (kWh/kg) vl chat lugng mat ong Chat lugng mat ong phu thugc vIo nhiiu chi tieu, nhien khao sit da ehgn hai chi tieu quan trgng ed sir anh hudng eiia nhiet va thdi gian say II: ehi sd diataza vl him lugng hydroxy methyl furfural (HMF) Vi chi tieu mlu sic: qua thi nghiem d e mlu mat ong sau say, niu dinh gil vi d m quan thi mlu sac cua mat ong giiia d c mlu say la gidng nhau, vi vay da quyit dinh khdng chgn chi tieu ve mlu sic de dinh gia chat lugng san pham Kit qua khao nghiem va phan tich d c kit qua sau xii ly cho thay d e thdng sd nhiet tac nhan say, van tdc tie nhan say vl dudng kinh 15 sing II nhiing th6ng sd dge lap thire sir anh hudng din chit lugng mat ong ma eu thi II anh hudng din him lupng HMF sau sly vl ehi phi dien nang di say Tuy nhien vi ehi tieu him lugng diataza mat ong sau sly qua ele thi nghiem su thay ddi cua nd kh6ng khIc biet NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO - THANG 6/2010 97 KHOA HOC CONG NGHE Vi vay, quy hoach thtic nghiem nhiiu yiu td de xle dinh miie anh hudng eiia nhiet tie nhan sly, van tdc tie nhan sly vl dudng kinh 15 sing din ehi phi dien nang rieng v l chat lugng mat ong sau say, ehi tieu chat lugng diataza kh6ng dugc nghien eiiu Kit qua thuc nghiem da yiu td Xay dung bli toln hop den: ed rIt nhiiu yiu td Inh hudng din chit lupng mat ong sau say vl ehi phi dien nang rieng Pham vi nghien eiiu cua timg yiu td dugc chgn dua tren viec tham khao mot sd tii lieu cting nhu khao sit mot sd mIy say Sau loai bd ele yiu td nglu nhien kh6ng t h i diiu khiin duge, hoac Inh hudng qui nhd khong t h i dua vIo nghien eiiu duge, ele th6ng sd diu vIo nghien eiiu eua mo hinh hop den nhu sau: Xl nhiet dd tie nhan say, Xj = 45 -^ 55"C; Xj: van tdc tie nhan sly, X2 = 0,8 -^ 1,2 m / s X3: dudng kinh 15 sing, X3 = 3,5 -^ 4,5 mm CIc th6ng sd dau ra: Yi: ehi phi dien nang rieng (kWh/kg);Y2: chat lupng mat ong - h i m lugng HMF (mg/kg) X, 1^ X2 1' May say mat ong Y2 Hinh Bai toan hop den md ta qua trinh nghien ciiu a) Kit qua thuc nghiem bac nhat Miin nghien eiiu: can eii vIo thi nghiem tham dd vl nghien eiiu ly thuyit viing thi nghiem dugc xay dung tir miic eo sd, sau dd ehgn khoang biin thien eiia ele yiu td nghien ciiu Kit qua xle dinh miin nghien eiiu thuc nghiem theo bang Bang Miin thiic nghiem theo phuong an bac nhat ^sYe'u td MiicN Xl Nhiet dp say ec) XjVan tdc tac nhan (m/s) X3 Dudng kinh Id sang (mm) Tren 45 0,8 3,5 Cosd 50 1,0 4,0 Dudi 55 1,2 4,5 Ma tran thi nghiem bac nhat ed tinh chit true 98 N = 2k + n„ = 23 + = 14 (3) Trong dd: k: sd yiu td nghien eiiu, k = 3; 2\ sd lugng thi nghiem o miic tren va miie dudi, 2^ = 8; n„: sd lugng thi nghiem lap miie eo sd, n„ = Ma tran thi nghiem dugc lap va nglu nhien hoa trat tu blng chuong trinh Statgraphie vers 7.0 vdi tdng cong 14 thi nghiem Sau ed k i t qua thi nghiem, tiin hinh phan tich phuong sai vl hdi qui cho d hai h i m toln dang da thiie bac nhat, k i t qua phan tich phuong sai cua h i m YI v l Y2 d i u cho thIy d c he sd hdi qui dam bao tin cay, nhien m6 hinh bae I I I kh6ng phii hgp, ddng thdi miie tuong quan ehi miic thap: R^ blng 0,189 v l 0,267 tuong ling cho h i m YI vl Y2 Nhu vay, k i t qua xu ly sd lieu cho thay m6 hinh da thiie bae I kh6ng phii hgp cho viec m6 ta mdi quan he h i m sd giira h i m lugng HMF mat ong sau sly vl miic chi phi dien nang rieng d i say vdi nhiet tic nhan say, van tdc tic nhan sly vl dudng kinh 15 sing Diiu n l y ed nghia II m6 hinh tuyin tinh khong t h i diing phIn Inh su phu thugc giiia cIc th6ng sd vIo v l th6ng sd D i giai quyit van d i nly d n phai d i tiin mo hinh vl md rgng vfing nghien eiiu Vi vay eIn thiet nang bae eua phuong In thuc nghiem len bae II, mo hinh dang phi tuyin va miin thi nghiem duge md rgng vdi d n h tay ddn ± a ^ X3 giao Sd lugng thi nghiem dugc xle dinh theo cong thiie (3): b) Kit qua thuc nghiem bac hai Xlc dinh t i m k i hoach thuc nghiem vl budc biin thien cua d c yeu td: phuong an thuc nghiem bac II dugc chgn dang bat biin quay Ggi k II sd yeu td diu vIo, d n h tay ddn a dugc xlc dinh theo e6ng thiie (4): a = 2'^/4 = 23/* = l,682 (4) Diim tren va diim dudi dugc xlc dinh lln lugt theo cdng thiie (5) v l (6): X > X ° + a.AX (5) X ; = X''-a.AX (6) Trong dd: X°: gia tri tai miic co sd' cua yiu td X; AX: khoang biin thien cua yiu td X Miie vl khoing biin thien ele yiu td diu vIo dugc trinh bIy bang NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO - THANG 6/2010 KHOA HOC CONG NGHE Bang 2: Miic va khoang bien thien d c viu td dau vao ^~~~~ - _^^^Yeutd Muc ^•~~-~-.,,,^^ Diem dudi (-1,68) Muc dudi (-1) Miic CO sd (0) Miic tren (1) Diem tren (1,68) Khoang bien thien (AX) Duong kinh 16 sang Nhiet dp say Xl ("O Van tdc tac nhan 41,6 0,66 3,16 45 50 55 58,4 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,34 3,5 4,0 4,5 4,84 0,2 0,5 Xj (mm) X2 ( m / s ) Ma tran thi nghiem bac II duge theo phuong In bat biin quay Sd lugng thi nghiem dugc xle dinh theo cdng thtic (7): N = 2'' + k + no = 23 + 2.3 + = 20 (7) Trong dd: k: sd y i u td nghien ciiu, k = 3; 2^: sd lugng thi nghiem d' miie tren va miic dudi, 2^ = 8; 2k: sd lugng thi nghiem d' miic diem sao, 2k = 6; ng sd lugng thi nghiem lap d miie eo sd, n^ = Ma tran thi nghiem dugc lap va nglu nhien h o i trat tu bang chuong trinh Statgraphie vers 7.0 Tiin hanh thuc nghiem theo ma tran thi nghiem da lap, cIc sd lieu thu dugc sau phIn tich tinh toln dugc dua vIo ma tran thi nghiem d i lam dfr lieu nham tinh toln ele he sd ciia md hinh (R2 = 0,934) c) Phan tich kit qua thuc nghiem Dua vIo h i m YI v l Y2 d dang ma h o i d i tiin binh phan tich miic Inh hudng eiia d c yiu td nghien ciiu din ehi phi dien nang rieng vl chit lugng mat ong sau say Phan tich h i m ehi phi dien nang rieng (YI): - Nhiet tic nhan sly d n g Idn thi ehi phi dien nang rieng d i say d n g giam - Van tdc tie nhan say vl dudng kinh 15 sing d n g Idn thi chi phi dien nang rieng d i say d n g tang - can eii vIo Idn d c he sd bac mot h i m YI cho thIy ba yiu td diu vIo nghien ciiu thi miie Inh hudng d i n ehi phi nang lugng de sly xip theo thii tu: nhiet tie nhan sly, van tdc tic nhan say vl dudng kinh 15 sing Anh hudng eiia timg cap yiu td den ehi phi dien nang rieng duge trinh bIy tren hinh Cae thi nly dugc xay dimg theo timg cap yiu td Inh hudng, yiu td cdn lai giii gil tri d miic eo sd Tiin hinh phan tich phuong sai cho d hai h i m toln dang da thtic bac II Sau loai bd ele he sd hdi qui kh6ng dam bio tin cay khdi m6 hinh, kit qua xtr ly sd lieu, kiim tra theo tieu chuan Stiident vl xle dinh d e he sd hdi quy ed y nghia (Pvalue < 0,05) nhu sau: - Him chi phi dien nang rieng (A,): ham chi phi dien nang rieng A, phu thude vIo nhiet tic nhan say (t), van tdc tie nhan say (v) va dudng kinh 15 sing (d) dugc biiu diin nhu cdng thiie (8) X1 A = 4,61613 - 0,0911846.1 - 0,999206.v 0,833025.d + 2,25.10-lt.d + 0,04375.v.d +7,87531.10" ^t^ + 0,425915.v2 + 0,0858241.d2 (8) (R2 = 0,976) - Him ehi tieu chit lugng HMF: h i m chit lugng HMF phu thude vIo nhiet tie nhan sly (t), van tdc tie nhan say (v) va dudng kinh 15 sing (d) duge biiu diin nhu cong thiie (9) HMF = 20,438 - 0,288468.t - 3,85298.v 5,39652.d + 0,0375.t.v + 2,62943.10-^12 + l,06887.v2 + 0,665994.d2 (9) NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO - THANG ^ 2.3 xi KHOA HOC CONG NGHE (X0.01) 114 -0.7 0.3 1-3 2.3 x2 Hinh Dd thi quan he ham chit lugng mat vdi timg cap yiu td anh hudng Hinh Dd thi quan he ham chi phi dien nang rieng vdi timg cap yiu td anh hudng Xac dinh d c thdng sd va chi tiSu tdi uu - Khi tang dudng kinh 15 sang thi him lugng HMF mat ong sau sly d n g giam Chi tieu tdi uu ehung dugc hiiu II ehi phi dien nang rieng thap nhat dat dugc qui trinh boat ddng cua mIy say thoa man yeu d u ky thuat vdi him lugng HMF mat ong sau say thap nhat Th6ng sd tdi uu II gil tri ele thong sd dam bao tri sd chi tieu tdi uu CIc bli toln tdi uu duge giai tren mIy tinh bang phIn mem Microsoft Excel - can cii vao Idn ele he sd bae mot him Y2 cho thIy ba yiu td diu vIo nghien ciiu thi miic dp Inh hudng den chi phi nang lugng di say xip theo thii ttr: nhiet tie nhan say, dudng kinh 15 sing vl van tdc tie nhan Xay dung bli toln tdi uu: xult phIt tir muc dich nghien eiiu, bli toan tdi uu duge lap tren eo sd hai him Yi va Y2 dae tnmg cho hai ehi tieu nghien eiiu la chi tieu kinh te vl ky thuat Nhu vay ed ba bli toln tdi uu sau: Anh hudng ciia timg cap yiu td din chi phi dien nang rieng duge trinh bay tren hinh CIc thi nly dugc xay dung theo timg cap yiu td anh hudng, yeu td cdn lai giii gil tri d' miic co sd' Bai toln 1: ham muc tieu Yj -> min; him dieu kien: 1,68179 > X, > - 1,68179 Phan tich him chit lugng HMF (Y2): - Khi tang nhiet tie nhan vl tdc tic nhan say thi him lupng HMF mat ong sau say se tang Bai toln 2: him mue tieu Y2 -» min; him diiu kien: 1,68179 > X; > -1,68179 Bai toln 3: him muc tieu Yj -» min; ham diiu kien: Y2 < HMF„ vl 1,68179 > Xj > -1,68179 -o 0.3 1.3 2.3 x1 ^94 ^74 100 ni i i i i i UI Li- Kit qua giai bli toln 1: chi phi dien nang dat gia tri tdi uu Ar^jn = 0,114 kWh/kg tai ele th6ng sd tdi uu nhu sau: nhiet say 52,3"C, van tdc tie nhan say 0,97 m/s, dudng kinh Id sing 3,92 mm Kit qui giai bli toln 2: him lugng HMF thIp nhlt sau say HMFn,in = 0,338 mg/kg tai d c thdng sd tdi uu nhu sau: nhiet say 48"C, van tdc tac nhin say 0,96 m/s, dudng kinh 15 sang 4,05 mm Kit qua bli toan va chi mang tinh chat tham khIo vl llm co sd di tinh toln bli toln tdi tra da mue tieu Kit qua giai bli toln 3: him lugng HMF thap nhlt say HMF„i„ = 0,338 mg/kg, ehi phi dien nang rieng thap nhat Ar„i„ = 0,127 kWh/kg tai ele th6ng sd tdi uu nhu sau: nhiet sly 48,3"C, van tdc tac nhan sly 0,95 m/s va dudng kinh Id sang 4,05 mm NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO - THANG 6/2010 KHOA HOC CONG NGHE IV.KETLUAN Vdi m6 hinh mIy sly lanh mat ong nang suit 30 kg/me da duge thiit ki ehi tao vl kbio nghiem so bp di kiem tra chat lugng chi tao, tinh dn dinh eua vl kha nang llm viec eua mIy, nghien ciiu da dugc tiin hinh nham xlc dinh su anh hudng eua ele th6ng sd clu tao vl thong sd boat dgng ciia mIy din cac ehi tieu kinh ti ky thuat eiia mIy say mat ong theo phuong phIp quy hoach thuc nghiem Kit qui nghien ciiu thuc nghiem da cho thay nhiet tie nhan say, van toe tie nhan sly vl dudng kinh 15 sang la nhiing th6ng sd ed anh hudng din ehi phi dien nang rieng cho say vl chat lugng mat ong sau say Nghien ciiu cung da xlc dinh dugc d c phuong trinh toln hgc biiu diin mdi quan he giiia d c yiu td anh hudng din ele ehi tieu kinh ti ky thuat ciia mIy say vdi he sd tuong quan cao Qua phan tich vl giai bli toan tdi tra da mue tieu da xle dinh dugc d e th6ng sd tdi uu cua mIy nhu sau: nhiet dd tie nhan say 48,3"C, tdc tie nhan sly 0,95 m/s vl dudng kinh 15 sing mm tuong ling vdi cIc chi tieu cua mIy say II ham lugng HMF mat ong sau say II 0,338 mg/kg vl chi phi dien nang rieng cho say la 0,127 kWh/kg TAI UEU THAIV! KHAO Ha Duyen Tu, 2006 Ky thuat phan tich elm quan thuc phim Nhl xult bin Khoa hgc va Ky thuat, HI Ngi Nguyin CInh, 2004 Quy hoach thuc nghiem Nhl xuat ban Dai hgc Qudc gia Tp.HCM Phan Hiiu Hien, 2001 Phuong phIp bd tri thi nghiem vl xu li sd lieu Nhl xult bin N6ng nghiep, thInh phd Hd Chi Minh T6 Cam Tii, 1999 Thiet ki vl phan tich thi nghiem Nha xuat bin Khoa hgc vl Ky thuat Clewer A G and Searisbrick A H., 2001 Practical statistics and experimental design for plant and crop science John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, England RESEARCH ON DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL PARAMETERS OF REFRIGERATED DRYER FOR HONEY DRYING Vu Ke Hoach, Nguyen Hay, Le Quang Giang, Le Anh Due Summary Based on a model of honey dryer with capacity of 30 kg per batch was designed and manufactured, this study was performed to investigate the effects of structural parameters and operating characteristics on technological and economic targets of honey dryer The experiments were designed and performed by the completely randomized design method The operating characteristics of dryer were determined by multiple factors experimental programming (practical statistics) method Two second-order equations were developed from experimental results to simulate the affects of drying air temperature, drying air velocity and diameter of hole on the tray on HMF content of postdrying honey and specific electricity consumption A^ = 4.61613 - 0.0911846.1 0.999206.V - 0.833025.d + 2.25.10-lt.d + 0.04375.vd +7.87531.10^.t2 + 0.425915.v2 + 0.0858241.d2 HMF = 20.438 0.288468.1 - 3.85298.V - 5.39652.d + 0.0375.t.v + 2.62943 lO-^t^ + 1.06887.v2 + 0.665994.dl Optimal problems with multiple objectives established based on two factors which are HMF content of honey and specific electricity consumption were solved by Excel program Through the solution, the optimal parameters were determined as follows: drying air temperature of 48.3"C, drying air velocity of 0.95 m/s, and hole diameter of mm Keywords: ReSigerated dryer, honey, hydroxyl methyl furfural (HMF), specific electricity consumption, optimal parameter Ngudi phan bien: GS TSKH Pham Van Lang NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO - THANG 6/2010 ... ele he sd tuong tic cap; b^: ele he sd bae hai; k: sd yiu td nghien cuu Gil tri ma hda X; ciia cac thdng sd duge tinh theo cong thiie (2): , ^ ^ ^ ^ AX, (2) NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON... nhu giai cIc bai toln tdi tra hoi theo phuong phIp giai tich Su dung phuong phIp binh phuong nhd nhat vl d c noi dung phIn tich hdi qui, phan tich phuong sai di xlc dinh gil tri ele he sd md hinh... 0,95 m/s va dudng kinh Id sang 4,05 mm NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO - THANG 6/2010 KHOA HOC CONG NGHE IV.KETLUAN Vdi m6 hinh mIy sly lanh mat ong nang suit 30 kg/me da duge thiit ki