Nghiên cứu thiết kế cải tạo bộ đồng hồ tốc độ trên đầu máy JMD D14ER

NGHIEN C t r u THIET KE CAI TAO BO DONG HO TOC DO TREN D A U M A Y J I M D b l E R PGS TS DO VIET DUNG Bd mdn Ddu mdy - Toa xe Khoa Cff ThS NGUYEN VAN NGHIA Bg mdn Ky thugt dien Khoa Dien - Dien tti Trudng Dgl hoc Giao thdng Van tdi lorn tat: ^^^ ^^^ ^ ^ DI4E lap dgt ddng hd ghi tdc logi LRS-I Trung Qudc sdn xudt Logi ddng hd ndy cd nhugc diim la khdng cd the nhd di cd thi dua vi bd phdn chuyin trach di phdn tich Vi vdy viic dgc vd kiim tra tdc sau mdi chuyin tdu la rdt khd khdn, khd chinh xdc vd rdt tdn nhiiu thdi gian, cdng siee Bdo cdo trinh bdy cdc kit qud nghien cim tan dung cdc bg phdn, chi tiit ciia ddng hd LRS-I cua ddu mdy D14E di thiit ki cdi tgo bg ghi tdc di nd cd dii cdc chuc ndng do, ghi, hiin thi, lu-u trie cdc thdng sd tmary yy^^ record and measurement speed meters LRS-I are installed in JMD D14ER made by China The disadvantage of this speed meter is without a memory card so data cannot be analyzed Therefore the reading and checking train 's velocity is veiy difficult, inaccurate and time wasting To record, measure and'display speed accurately, this speed meter needs to be innovated Thus, this report presents research results of making use ofLRS1 's details in JMD DI4ER to design and produce innovative record and measurement system that has sufficient functions I DAT VAN DE Hidn trdn cac dau may diesel khai thac tren Dudng sat Viet Nam (DSVN) sir dung he thdng ghi, hidn thj tdc (ddng hd tdc cd bd ghi) cua nhidu nude khac Cae thidt bj nay, neu nhap khau thi cd gia rat cao va khdng chii ddng dugc vd vat tu phy tiing hoac phin mem thay thd bj sir cd Mdt sd khdng nhd cac dau may lap he thdng ghi lae hau, khdng dam bao ehinh xae (D12E - thidt bj ghi trdn giay ndn chuydn dimg) Cae diu may D14E lip dat ddng hd ghi tdc loai LRS-1 Trung Qude san xuat ed nhidu nhugc didm va khdng cd phu timg thay the Xuit phat tii' nhu cau can dam bao ghi va hidn thj tdc dugc chinh xae, giiip cho tai xd chay dung tdc va ngudi quan ly giam sat kidm tra, danh gia tdc diu may dugc chinh xae, can nghidn cii'u thidt kd eai tao bd ghi tdc cho cac dau may dd nd ed dii eac chuc nang do, ghi, hidn thj, luu tru' du lieu vao the nhd thdng dyng cac thdng sd quan frgng cua qua trinh khai thac: tdc do, quang dudng va thdi gian chay tau, ap lye dng ham cho dau may D14E la nghien ciiu ung dyng rat can thidt cho boat ddng kinh doanh eua nganh DSVN 138 Tap chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG V^N TAI S6 31 - 09/2010 H DONG HO TOC DO LRS-1 TREN DAU MAY D14E ''< Cac dau may D14E lip dat ddng hd ghi tdc loai LRS-1 Trung qude san xuit, dat ca bin, tren mat trudc eiia taplo didu khidn ciia tai xd Ket eiu cua ddng hd LRS-1 gdm 03 bd phan (hinh 1,2): - Bg phan cam bidn quang: dugc gin trdn diu true sd eua gia chuyen hudng sd Diu cam bidn duge bit vdi diu cap bgc kim ehdng nhidu din len cabin Cam bien toe Hinh Ddng hd ghi tdc trin ddu mdy DI4E Hinh Cdm biin tdc ddu mdy D14E - Bd phan hidn thj tdc do, quang dudng chay - Bd phan ghi dir lieu va hien thj dir lieu sd trdn man hinh tinh thd ldng: duge dat trdn taplo Cae thdng sd ky thuat chii ydu eiia he thdng + Bd chuydn ddi SD (D/A):ed nhidm vu cap ngudn cho cam bien tdc Ngudn didn lOV DC + May phat tdc dau true (cam bidn tdc do): Kieu loai: CZG-16; tdc quay tdi da: 2000 vdng/ phiit; didn ap danh djnh: 15VDC; gdc cp = 90° dTa xung: 200 ranh + Ddng hd tdc LRS-1: Didn ap ngudn: 110 VDC Trdn ddng hd thd hidn cac thdng sd: - Toe tiic thdi, tdng sd km chay va dudng kinh banh xe ciia diu may; cd thd ghi lai tdc ciia diu may tai mdt sd cae thdi didm dau may thay ddi tdc - Dong hd thdi gian (didu ehinh dugc) ,;;,-•; : > + Dong hd hien thj tdc kim trdn ban didu khidn: Kidu loai: SD-1; tdc bao tir ^ 120 km/h; ddng didn sir dung ldn nhat: 20 mA; sai sd ddng hd 1,5% Loai ddng hd ed nhugc didm la chi hidn thi duge tdc do, quang dudng chay va thai gian van hanh diu may ma khdng cd the nhd nen vide dge va kiem tra tdc sau mdi chuydn tau khd chinh xae va rat tdn thdi gian, cdng sire HI THIET K £ THIET BI, XAY DlTNG PHAN MEM THU THAP VA XtT LY SO LIEU B&ddng hd tdc thidt kd cai tao va phan mdm phan tich du' lieu tdc can phai dam bao dugc yeu ciu ea ban: Dam bao cae chiie nang eua bd ddng hd tdc do, hidn thj tdc dugc ehinh Tap chi KHQA HQC GIAO THONG y^N TAI So 31-09/2010 139 xae; can bd sung thdm chu'c nang ghi cac tham sd van hanh: tdc van hanh, thdi gian, ly tnnh, ap suat dng gid doan xe vao the nhd thdng dyng; phin mdm dge the ed giao didn than thidn vdi ngudi su' dyng, ed thd dge, luu tru, in du' lieu; ein ed bdn, tudi thg, tin cay, ehinh xae dam bao tuong duong vdi thiet bj nhap; ed kdt eiu nhd, ggn, nhe, dd lip dat, bao duong sira ehua, phii hgp vdi trinh cdng nghd eiia nganh DSVN 3.1 Chon phuong an thidt ke Ydu eau eua bai toan thidt kd cai tao ddng hd ghi tdc sir dung trdn diu may D14E, vdi cam bidn tdc ENCODER (ECD) sir dung ed sin tren diu may, ngudn didn diu vao mdt chidu lOV dugc lay tii' td ac quy dau may; dai tdc hidn thj tren man hinh tii' km/h ddn 120 km/h; chidu dai ly trinh luu tru' cae du lieu trdn the nhd: 5.000 km; dai ap suat dng gid doan xe: 3- kG/em" Tir ydu cau tren va qua khao sat thyc td trdn dau may, lua chgn so' dd khdi tdng quat eho ddng hd toe thiet kd nhu trdn hinh Dau vao ldc dp Do toe dp \ Hien th| tai cho i \ \ Tinh Iy trinh Canh bao Diiu vao analog Tlui iihnn lin hidu analog Dan v.io logic Thu iib.in Lin higii logic Luu tru ' Thai gian Onrc Dieu khien qua trinh Giao tiep may tinh Thdng so he thdng Thony so h^ thong Walchdog Hinh Sa khdi tdng qudt ciia ddng hd ghi tdc thiit ki 3.2 Tinh toan, xay dung so nguyen ly 3.2.1 Khoi vd kiem sodt toe ciia thiet bi: a Sa dd cau triic eua khdi tdc eiia thidt bi: ECD Cach Iy, Bao ve VXL i I Nguon Hinh Sa cdu tnic mgch tdc Sir dung ECD ed sin trdn dau may Thdng sd ky thuat chii yeu cua ECD dirge thd hidn trdn 140 Tap chi KHOA HQC GIAQ THQNG V^N TAI So 31 y 09/2010 bans Bdng } Cdc thdng sd ky thudt cdm biin ECD Ten thdng sd Sd xung/ vdng Didn ap ngudn (V) Ddng tidu thu (A) Tin hidu Galap Gia fri ECD = 200 15 V.DC 30 nA/luot Open Collector Tryc tidp vdi true chu done b.Tinh toan thidt kd maeh tdc + Xae djnh tan sd xung eua ECD theo tdc dau may: Tdc dau may cao nhat Vin= 33.33 m/s; Sd vdng/s n = 10,31 vdng/s; - Tan sd phat xung fN eiia ECD: fN = 2061,23 Hz + Thidt ke maeh each ly: nhim triet tidu cac xung can nhieu ddn VXL va bao vd VXL Cae thdng sd tinh toan: tin hidu diu vao: 15VDC; diu ra: VDC; tin hidu ldn nhit tii' ECD: fN= 2061,23 Hz • Maeh each ly duge bieu didn trdn hinh 9, frong dd su' dyng OPTO 6N138 ed cac thdng sd: Lao = 10 mA; La = 40 mA; Rv = 1.5 kD; Rra = 125 f2 + Maeh lgc (hinh 9): nhim ngan chan eac xung nhidu ed thd anh hudng ddn boat ddng eua thidt bj Trong thidt ke lua chgn sii' dyng bd lgc thdng thip - Chgn liy tan sd cit fc eua maeh Ige ldn hon lin so vdi tin sd xung N: fc= 10306,13 Hz - Sir dung maeh lgc RC diu vao, vdi R chinh la Rvao; Tinh duge: T = R.C= 105.10-6 (see); Liy: R = R = 1.5 kfi Tir ed: C = T/R = 71.10''? = 71(nF) Chgn C = lOOnF + Chgn chip vi xii' ly: Lya chgn sir dung hg PsoC (Programmable System on Chip) ciia Cypress, chip PSOC 29566 (hinh 5) vi bd VXL cd: ciu tnic mdm deo, dap ung dugc nhu ciu ciia bai toan Thanh phin eiia chip PSoC bao gdm cac khdi ngoai vi sd va tuong ty, mdt bd vi xir ly bit, bd nhd chuong trinh (EEROM) cd thd lap trinh dugc vdi bd nhd RAM, kha nang dat ciu hinh manh, ed gia re, kieh tbude nhd ggn CYeC2946& 28-Ptii PSoC Device *l M|7l i *JL\ P0|£.| I [n~~ I ô0.ôlH HPOlUl f:|T| cm ã^-s ./ã ; i '.Mr • ;C:-:LPI|I|I 10 i:c:o*.nl5| 11 pil:i B n 5CL xT*l.iiPI|l| U u V> 'S • H •M fM»| * i PDiP :6 15 U 23 SSOP -^ '1 At, PJ|JJ ;E J SOIC F«:|2l .10 FMO| >.l F^6| E.ieniaC'.'ReF f-:S,i\ E.ivnul I'iUD jJ 10 IS PlIOl f-l|J| E Jtl soteif^i^! " M !o7'« OS-U-lt S07Ji 0S-.JJ.-J4 l S : a : l l 0S-11-D9 Jiu};12 913i.l00 OS-li-M 1S:43;16 OS-ll-M 15:*3;!0 OS-Ji'M I5:ll.Jằ^iifôlWoU ; , 1.1 " 'ã ' - '- • ' ' ; " • -^.—^ Hinh 11 Giao dien khai ddng vd giao diin ciia chuang trinh hiin thi ldc theo thdi gian van hanh SO 786 Oi-il-J9 I};4;:J5 Hinh 12 Bdng sd lieu thdi gian, ly trinh, tdc vd dp sudt dng hdm ddu mdy T^pM^ICHgiAJ|QgG^Q,THO]SG,V^ TAI|': So 3.1,-;09/2010 145 IV CHE TAO VA LAP DAT THU^ NGHIEM THIET BI 4.1 Che tao panel maeh ciia bo dong hd toe Panel maeh ehinh eiia bd ddng hd tdc duge thidt kd bing phin mem Protel designer 99 Su dung tam maeh in thdng dyng va chd tao maeh in bang phuong phap an mdn theo so' dd nguydn ly maeh da dugc thiet kd Tir so dd nguydn ly maeh da thiet kd lap rap cae linh kidn va cac phan tir: cac didn trd, didt, tu didn, vi didu khidn Psoe CY8C29566, IC thdi gian thyc DS 1307, opto each ly 6N138, LCD20x4, the nhd SD card, cac maeh nhan tin hidu xung encoder (ECD), tin hidu cam bidn ap suat, maeh xir ly sd lieu, maeh hidn thj tren man hinh LCD, maeh glni sd lieu vao the, chgn theo diing gia trj, pham vi dac tinh va cac thdng sd ky thuat va duge ban diing ky thuat ldn panel maeh in theo diing so dd eiia nguydn ly thidt kd Dd cam the nhd SDcard sir dung loai cdng chuydn diing, duge ban chac chan trdn maeh ngudn nudi va nhan tin hidu Cae chan cap ngudn va tin hidu eua dd cam the nhd duge ban chac vdi maeh va sau dugc dan vao ca maeh tren, thdng qua mdt cap truydn tin hidu chuydn dimg Dd cam the dam bao vide cam, rut the thuan lgi, tidp xuc tdt, tin cay va sir dung bdn lau didu kidn dau may van hanh bj rung, xde Cac panel maeh sau lap rap toan bd cac linh kidn dugc thd hidn trdn cac hinh 13a, b, e -yi^iBsssssssB^j!: « :^ ~ i-»'j •;-^, Hinh 13 Mgch xic ly vd hiin thi sau che tao lap rdp hodn chinh a Mat trudc; b Mat sau lap VXL vd cdc linh kiin; c Cdc modun da lap rdp hodn chinh Sau Ichi lap rap linh kidn trdn cac panel maeh, can lap vao he thdng thir nghidm phdng thi nghidm dd thir nghidm, kidm tra, hidu chinh su lam vide trudc lap rap vao vd 4.2 Thii' nghiem bo dong ho toe tai hien truong va cac ket qua thu duoc Thiet bj dugc chd tao, thir nghidm hoan chinh dugc lap dat trdn dau may D14E tai Xi nghidp dau may Ydn Vidn thii nghidm tai xudng va thir nghidm lau dai trdn tuydn Trdn hinh 14 minh hoa vj tri lap dat thyc td ciia bd ddng hd chd tao trdn dau may Dl 4E-2014 budc thir nghidm ban dau, dd dam bao an toan chay tau, lap ddng thdi ea bd ddng hd (bd ddng hd nguydn thuy LRS-1 va bd ddng hd chd tao mdi) Tren hinh 14 vj tri lap dat song song hai bd didu chinh qua trinh thii' nghidm trdn dau may van dung D14E-2014 146 T£ip chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG VAN T A I Sp 31 - 09/20 JO Hinh 14 Vi tri lap ddt thu nghiim bd ddng hd tdc tren taplo diiu khien ddu mdy D14E Cac kdt qua thir nghidm trdn dau may tai xudng va trdn tuydn van dung hoan toan tuong ty nhu va dugc trinh bay trdn cac dd thj hinh 10, 11, bang sd lieu 12 va bang Bdng Bdng sd lieu thic nghiim gid tri tdc vd ly trinh van dung ddu mdy trin tuyin Gia trj trdn ddng hd LSR-1 Gia trj trdn ddng \id mdi Gia trj tdc tren TT Tdc Ly trinh Ap suat Tdc Ly trinh Ap suat (km/h) (km) (bar) (km/h) (km) (bar) ddng hd ca (km/h) 22.5 10002.4 5.0 22.5 10002.4 5.0 23 24.7 10002.5 5,0 24.7 10002.5 5,0 25 27.2 10002.6 5,0 27.2 10002.6 5,0 27 30.1 10002.7 5,0 30.1 10002.7 5,0 30 33.0 10002.8 5,0 33.0 10002.8 5,0 33 33.7 10002.9 5,0 33.7 10002.9 5,0 34 34.8 10003.0 5.0 34.8 10003.0 5.0 35 36.5 10003.1 5,0 36.5 10003.1 5,0 37 37.9 10003.2 5,0 37.9 10003.2 5,0 38 10 40.0 ' 10003.3 5,0 40.0 10003.3 5,0 40 11 43.0 10003.4 5,0 43.0 10003.4 5,0 43 12 40.5 10003.5 5,0 40.5 10003.5 5,0 40 (Xem tiip trang 23) ap Chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG VAN TAI S6 31S 09/2010 147 - Kit qua ciia bai bao la tai lieu giiip ky su xay dung c4u dudng cd djnh hudng va ca sd xae djnh luu lugng lu thilt kl cho cau qua sdng Hdng Khi xae djnh luu lugng lu thiet ke cho cau nen tinh theo mgt sd phuong phap da neu d tren, can cir vao yeu cau cu the va trai nghiem anh hudng cua lu va tac ddng ciia hd thuy dien nhirng nam da qua de lua chgn gia trj lu thiet ke cho phil hgp Tai lieu tham khiio [1], PGS.TS Trdn Dinh Nghien "Dac diem lu ldn xae dinh khau cau va xoi ciia song Hong doan Ha Noi" Tap chi Cku dudng Viet Nam s6 thang 3/2010 [2] PGS.TS Trdn Dinh Nghien "Danh gia cac quy luat phan phoi dinh lu hang nam ciia song d thuong ngudn song Hong va tai Ha Ndi de xae djnh lu thiet ke khau cau" Tap chi Cau dudng Viet Nam sd thang 8/2010 ^ [3] TS Nguyin Lan Chdu, Bao cao ket qua de tai nhanh ciia KC-08-13 "Quy luat hinh lu sdng Hdng - Thai Binh, nguyen nhan gay su tang lii lut cac yeu td tii nhien va ngudi" 10/2004* NGHIEN CUtJ THIET KE CAI TAO (Tiip theo trang 147) V KET LUAN Ddng hd ghi tdc cho dau may la thiet bj quan trgng dam bao cho dau may va doan tau hoat ddng an toan, chinh xae qua trinh khai thac tren tuyen Viec thiet ke, che tao bd ddng hd tdc mdi, ngoai viec dam bao cac yeu cau ky thuat, cac tham sd ve tdc do, ly trinh, thdi gian nhu bd ddng hd tdc LRS-1, cdn cd them chirc nang luu tru cac tham sd ndi tren vao the nhd ngoai va chirc nang do, ghi thdng sd ap suat dudng dng ham dau may Thiet ke chuong trinh chuyen dung de dgc cac tham sd dugc luu tru tren the nhd tiro'ng ddi hoan chinh, dap irng yeu cau thiet ke dat ban dau Ngoai cac tham sd thu thap va luu tru da neu tren, cdn cd the bd sung, md rdng kha nang va luu tru mdt sd tham sd van hanh Ichac cd nhu cau Tai lieu tham khao [IJ Dd Viet Diing Lai Ngoc Dudng, Truang Duy Phiic (1996), TruySn dong dSu may diezel Giao trinh giang day dai hoc, trudng Dai hoc Giao thong Van tai [2] D6 Viet Diing Dd Ditc Tudn (2003), Nghien ciiu xay dung he thdng ghi va chan doan trang thai ky thuat ciia mot sd thiet bj dien maeh dien dau may diesel, DS tai NCKH cap Bo Giao due va Dao tao, Dai hoc Giao thong Van tai [3] Ngd Dien Tap (1996),_ Do ludng va dieu khien bang may tinh, NXB Khoa hpc va Ky thuat [4] Nguyin Xudn Phii HdXudn Thanh (199G) - Vat lieu ky thuat dien - NXB Khoa hoc ky thuat [5] Nguyin Vein Tiini (2002) - Cam bien ludng; Nha xuit ban Giao thdng Van tai [6] Huong din sir dung va cac tai lieu ky thuat dau may D14E Tdng Cdng ty Duong sat Viet Nam [7] Cac trang Web: http://wvv\v.cypress.com; http://wwv/.psocdeveloper.com; http://wvvw.datasheet.com* tapchi KHOAHQC GIAO THONG^VAN,TAr;f ;:S6iii09/20lO 23