_^^ KHOA HOC VA CONB NGHE MO "^GHIEN c d u ANH HlliiNG CUA LAM NGHEO QUANG T d i HIEU QUA CUA D U A N KHni THnC QUANG GRflPHIT V€N Bfli ThS PHAM V A N VIET, TS VU DINH HIEU ThS D N G O C HOAN - Trwdng Dai hgc Md-Dja chat I dm ngheo khoang san qua trinh khai thac I la mgt vln d l ludn ludn tdn tgi d ede md khai ^ thac khoang san, dae bigt la cac md quang Tuy jdo dac diem quang, logi khoang san, cdng nghe khai thac khoang san ma he s l ldm ngheo quang se khdc ihau He so lam ngheo anh hu-dng din rat nhilu cae thdng sd nhu ham luyng quang nguygn khai, tudi thg md, mdc dg thu hdi tuyin va dac biet la hieu qua Kinh t l cua dy an Do dd, bai bdo du-a phan tich sy anh hu-dng cua lam ngheo tdi higu qua cua dy an khai thdc qugng graphit Ydn Thdi Tdng quan vd dng dyng, t r u lu-yng va tieu thy qu?ng graphit d Viet Nam va t h l gidi Graphit (than chi) la mot dgng thu hinh mat dO thip cua nguydn td cacbon Nguyen t l xuat hign ty nhien thi mem chgm tay vao va cd mau den Doi vdi eac nganh edng nghiep khac thi ydu cdu ±at luyng eua graphit eung khac (Bang 1) Bang Thanh phin theo mdc chit luang quang tinh graphit (TCVN 4688: 2008) ^""' Mac *'•• Ten chl tieu Gr-S Gr-P 82 luong 95 I(h6ng igm Bcbon, mmhan ^ " t r o , khong ldn han p h i t b6c, khong ^^^m, khong Gr-T Gr-N 79 80 m 17 18 19 1 2 " 2 1 Ihaiff* lucng tong 0,6 rstSSnatonhon fcwyri^' dfl??trSn £21 B HMyO,1^3B|| 85 2b« ii Graphit ty nhien ed nhilu hinh thdi: dgng vdy, vd djnh hinh va cue Graphit cd nhilu ung dgng eac nganh cdng nghigp khde nhu sau: • Chii quet (chdi than) - eho cde dgng co dien nha may xi mdng, sat thdp, nhigt dien, dudng slt, eao su, mia dudng ; • Graphit cho cdc dng dyng co- khi: d l thay t h l mOt sd vdt lidu truyin thing bdi tran, lam tdm dgm graphit bdi tran cho vdnh Id edng nghg xi mdng Id ddng tien tiln lam tang tuli thg eua thilt bj Idn gdp nhilu lln; • Vdt lidu graphit dign eye - diJng may xung dien di thay t h l dien eye dong; gi xe ban Cdc loai xe se duyc trang bj pin lithium-sat, nhg ban vd cdng suit manh ho-n so vdi pin nickel Vdi 70 trigu xe dy doan se duyc ban vao nam 2020, mOt luyng ldn graphit se duyc ydu cdu de san xult pin lithium-sit Trd luyng qugng graphit tren toan t h l gidi khoang 389 triOu tin, dd Trung Quic chilm qua nua tru luyng vd san luyng qugng graphit cua todn thd gidi {Bang 2) Theo kit qua tim kilm tiiam dja chat cho thdy quang graphit Vidt Nam chu ylu ndm ddi dut gdy Sdng Hong keo ddi tu Yen Bai din Ldo Cai Ngoai cdn mdt luyng khdng Idn ndm d miln Trung nudc ta ehu y l u Id d Hung Nhuyng, Quang Ngdi Tdng tru luyng qugng graphit udc khoang 23 trigu tdn vd tap trung chu ydu d Ldo Cai ehilm khoang 70 % tdng tru luyng C0NGNGHl|PMO,Sti4-2015 Effl KHOA HOC VA CANG NGHE MO Bing Thong, ke ttir luang vi sin lucmg going graphit tren toan the gidi (nguon: internet) (10'tan) kd :;dc nude 2006 3razi! 113,000 28.3 ND i^anada Tung Quoc 220,000 55.2 Jac Triiu Tien ND 3,800 1.0 knOO Madagascar 960 0.2 i^exico 3,100 0.8 !^ng hod See 14,000 3.5 IThd NhT Ky ND ^ ^ t n u ^ j ^ k h a i 44,000 11.0 P98,860 100.0 % mam (ngan tin) 2005 2006 77 76 71 30 30 2.8 720 720 67.3 32 32 2.9 130 120 11.2 1.4 15 16 11 13 1.2 10 0.6 30 2.8 29 29 2.7 1,060 1,070 100.0 % Trong dd, tieu thy todn cau v l graphit ty nhien da tang tu khogng 600 nghin t i n (nam 2000) tdi 1,2 trieu t i n (nam 2012) Nhu cdu ve graphit dd tdng khoang % mdi nam td 2000 hien dai hda lien tuc cua Trung QuIe, An DO vd eac nin kinh t l mdi nli khae ddn d i n tang manh nhu clu cua ede nganh su dgng truyin thing nhu edng nghigp thep vd d td Trong sd 1,2 tridu t i n graphit san xuat hang ndm cd khoang 40 % Id loai dgng vay ua chudng Gid bdn graphit ti-en tiij tiu-dng till gidi lien tyc tang (tinh td nam 2005 din dd tdng gdp ldn) Gid bdn graphit phu thudc vdo kieh thudc vdy va dO tinh khilt vdi cde loai bOt vdy Idn (ludi +80) vd ham luyng cacbon (khoang tren 94% duyc gia cao) Theo khodng san cdng nghiep nam 2012 thi gia mOt tin graphit giao dich theo hinh thuc FLC CIF tai cac cang chinh d chau Au nhu Bang Bang Gid bdn graphit trdn thj trwdng quSc te (nguon: www.indniin.com) t Loai ft Loai • Loai Koai4 PpaP e Loai &s ^ ^ luang Kich thu6c vay 99 - 99,9 Lyoi 50 94-97 Luoi 80 >90 LucJi 80 Luoi 94-97 100+80 Lyoi £90 100+80 Lu-di 85-87 100+80 !»^-97 Ludi 100 ^l%90 Lirdi 100 CONG NGHIEP MO stf - Gia ban $ -^ 500-6 000 600-3 000 000-2 500 200-2 500 1.500+2.000 1.500+1.900 2.00O+2.400 1400+1.800 Gidi thieu mo quang graphit Yen Thai ^L a Dpc diem quang va trw Iwgvg Md graphit Yen Thdi thuOc xa Ydn Thai, huy^ Vdn Yen, tinh Yen Bdi Khu vyc rat thudn lyi giao thdng, ndm didn tich khai tardng khoi 11 Khu vyc thugc vijng nui thdp, ttiuOc c^i Tdy phan Tay Nam dai nui Con Vol va ndm sat trdi sdng Hdng, cac dinh nDi cd dp eao tuydt Qd khoang 130-^150 m vd cd dja hinh thdp ddn td Tgy Bic xulng Ddng Nam Cac day nui keo ddi theo phuang Tay Bic-Ddng Nam, tren dd thyc vdt khd phat triln Dja hinh phdn cdt ylu, sudn nui d6c tiung binh 15°^20'' Tong hyp cde tai lieu thu th^p duyc giai dogn tim kilm ti mi vd k i t qua cua giai dogn tha[ dd, da khoanh djnh duyc thdn quang grai dign tich tham dd Id than qugng I (TQI), tl qugng II (TQII) va than qugng III (TQIII), than quang I va II la cac tiian qugng chieng tr(r luyng chu yeu khu vyc tham dd (H.1) ^ H Mpt cSt dja (^it