Microsoft Word Final cua thesis doc i UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY VIETNAM INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES THE HAGUES THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM – NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M A IN DEVELOPMENT ECO[.]
UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUES VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM – NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS THE HAPPINESS OF VIETNAMESE: MICRO-ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS DETERMINANTS IN THE CASE OF BINH DINH PROVINCE A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS By HO DAI NGHIA Academic Supervisor: Dr TRAN ANH TUAN HO CHI MINH CITY, AUGUST 2013 i LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Acknowledgements During the time of studying in Vietnam – Netherlands programme for Master of Arts in Developing Economics, I have learned so much helpful knowledge Therefore, I would like to thank to Programme and all the teachers that have taught me in this time I would like to express the deepest appreciation to my research supervisors, Dr Anh Tuan, for his patient guidance, industrious encouragement and fruitful critiques of this research work Besides my supervisor, I want to acknowledge the tremendous support that I received from Dr Pham Khanh Nam and Prof Dr Nguyen Trong Hoai for giving me constructive comments and warm encouragement I would like to offer my special thanks to many friends at People's Committee of Binh Dinh for your assistance and helpful advice with the eye glance data reduction process Without your guidance and persistent help this thesis would not have been possible I am particularly grateful for the assistance given by the officer of my university’s library for his help in offering me the resources in researching and performing the program Lastly, the most special thanks go to my best partner and friend, my father, for his help in collecting the data analysis and other helpful things My gratitude also goes to my mother She gave me your unconditional support through all this long process ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Abstract Although economic growth is higher in many countries, these nations still have no increase or even suffering a depression in average national happiness This study has carefully examined the determinants of happiness or subject wellbeing from literature These determinants are divided into three main categories: economic determinants, personal and demographic determinants and, finally, social determinants In addition to, some recent evidence reveal that happiness also has the adverse significant effect on these factors and economic growth only has restricted effects on happiness level of particular nations In specific case, based on 300 observations and ONS approach, this research paper desires to estimate the magnitude of determinants of happiness in Binh Dinh province at individual level The results reveal that the mental, physical health, local facilities satisfaction and household income have strong effects on individual’s happiness level with high statistical significance Furthermore, the size of coefficients other several variables, including being a female, having partner, high qualification, owned-house status, being employed or living in city is small and ambiguous It means that they have weak relationships with the happiness level Specifically, two variables of age and be employed, have opposed sign as literature Keywords: Subject well-being, Happiness, Economic Growth, Life Satisfaction, Determinants, Binh Dinh Province iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Table of Contents Acknowledgements ii Abstract iii List of Tables vi List of Figures vii Abbreviations viii Introduction Chapter One: Literature Review 1.1 Happiness notation 1.1.1 Well-being concept 1.1.2 Object and subject well-being 1.1.3 Three dimensions theory 1.1.4 Conceptual framework 10 1.2 Determinants of Happiness 11 1.2.1 Happiness and Income 11 1.2.2 Happiness and Unemployment 19 1.2.3 Happiness and Inequality 23 1.2.4 Happiness and Demographic Determinants 24 1.2.5 Happiness and Social Determinants 31 Chapter two: Socio-economic Overview of Binh Dinh province ….33 2.1 Overview of Economics factors 33 2.2 Contribution to happiness at glance .34 2.3 Some remained obstructions 37 Chapter Three: Methodology and Data 39 3.1 Data 42 3.1.1 Data description 42 3.1.2 The questionnaire design- ONS approach 42 3.2 Methodology 46 iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 3.2.1 Model specification 46 3.2.2 The research detail function 44 3.2.3 Hypothesis statement 49 3.2.4 The description of variables use in this research 49 Chapter 4: Analysis result 53 4.1 The empirical analysis 53 4.1.1 Multicolinearity test 53 4.1.2 Heteroscedasticity test 53 4.2 Analysis result 53 4.3 Analysis examination 55 4.3 Demographics determinants 55 4.2.2 Education and health determinants 56 4.2.3 Economic and work determinants 58 4.2.4 Social life and community relationships determinants 59 Chapter 5: Conclusion and ruture research directions 62 5.1 Conclusion and Recommendation 62 5.2 Limitation and future research directions 65 APPENDICE 53 Reference 73 v LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com List of Tables Table 1-The description of variables use in the thesis Table - Literature findings on determinants affecting happiness level Table 3- Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey test result Table 4- WLS and OLS analysis result Table 5- Coefficients sign comparison vi LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com List of Figures Figure 1- Three dimensions of well-being Figure 2- Conceptual framework Figure 3- GDP per capita and happiness across regions Figure 4- Happiness and Income in USA Figure 5- Happiness and Income in Japan Figure 6- Happiness and Income per Capita across Countries Figure 7- Labor market status and Average subjective well-being ratings Figure 8- Unemployment status and Average subjective well-being ratings Figure 9- Marriage status and Average life satisfaction ratings Figure 10- Average life satisfaction ratings of the number of children between different gender respondents Figure 11- Average Happiness and Age through a life cycle Figure 12- Gender and Average subjective well-being ratings vii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Abbreviations APS: Annual Population Survey ATUS: Annual Time-Use Survey BHPS: British Household Panel Survey BSPS: British Society for the Philosophy of Science DEFRA: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs DHS: Dutch Household Survey ECHP: European Community Household Panel EMA: Ecological Momentary Assessment ESM: Experience Sampling Method ESS: European Social Survey ERD: Responsible Development Environment FSU: Former Soviet Union GDP: Gross Domestic Product GNH: General National Happiness GNP: Gross National Product GSS: General Social Survey HIV/AIDS: Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Hukou: Household Registration Identity IHS: Institute of Human Studies NEF: New Economic Foundation NEW: Net Economic Benefits viii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ONS: Office for National Statistics PANAS: Positive and Negative Affect Scale UK: United Kingdom SWB: Subject well-being WVS: World Values Survey WEF World Economic Forum ix LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Introduction In recent years, a European debt crisis as well as the global economic crisis has set for us the question: Whether the targets which countries following are appropriate? And was it time the world needs a new goal? The world economy has long been using the concept of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the standard to evaluate the prosperity of a country This standard often does not include the costs to achieve progress society and the environment While the rest of the world is playing with the global recession storm, there is a small Buddhist nation that situate on the top of steep Himalayan snow for thousand years and that has boldly claimed to have found the solution for the question the true happiness in where and the objective a nation should pursue? Bhutan Government initiates to uses the standard "General National Happiness" (GNH) with GDP as the standard to evaluate the prosperity of each country The nations of the world should probably learn to imitate wings of Bhutan to evaluate the effectiveness of the policy agenda on the basis that it brings happiness to the people rather than the economic growth figures for insensitivity Gross National Happiness value (Gross National Happiness - GNH) was born from the ideas of former King of Bhutan, Sir Wangchuck (Alejandro, 2009), is applied from the 1970s to replace the concept of Gross national product (GNP) He did not hesitate to say "no" before the globalization efforts of the West with his famous phrase: "The total national happiness (GNH) is more important than gross national product (GDP)" As a small country in the Himalayas with about 708,427 people and is one of the poorest countries However, based on GNH, Bhutan's GNH probably is the top in the world Kinley Dorji (1972), secretary of contact information for Bhutan: "Just look at the indicators of economic growth will lead to where they know," he said, referring to the economic downturn worldwide "The LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ... advice with the eye glance data reduction process Without your guidance and persistent help this thesis would not have been possible I am particularly grateful for the assistance given by the officer... divided into three main categories: economic determinants, personal and demographic determinants and, finally, social determinants In addition to, some recent evidence reveal that happiness also has... happiness level Specifically, two variables of age and be employed, have opposed sign as literature Keywords: Subject well-being, Happiness, Economic Growth, Life Satisfaction, Determinants, Binh Dinh