Dd KHAI THAC DAU KHi Nghien eiiu ung dung dung dieh khoan goe dau trong khoan tham do lay ni4u loi muoi mo , * m ^ m ''''''''xr''''f'''' s^ M^L ^ ThS Ta Quang Minh KS Do Tien Dung, KS Nguyen Thj Cham Tdng cong ty[.]
D d - KHAI THAC DAU KHi Nghien eiiu ung dung dung dieh khoan goe dau khoan tham lay ni4u loi muoi mo ,* - m ^ :m.''xr'f' ^ :s^ M^L ThS Ta Quang Minh KS Do Tien Dung, KS Nguyen Thj Cham Tdng cong ty co phan Dung djch khoan va Hoa phim Diu I Gid'i thieu ^'^Wf^' Dw an tham muoi mo tai huyen Nongbok tinh Khammuoan va huyen Xaibuoli tinh Savannakhet nw&c Cong hoa Dan chu Nhan dan (CHDCND) Lao la mot dw an quan trgng Day la dw an dang dwgv trien khai b&i chu dau tw la Cong ty co phan Tw van dau tw va Xay dwng mo (thuoc Tap doan Hoa chat Cong nghiep Viet Nam • VINACHEM), thwc hien tren dien tfch 206,5km2, co tong mwc dau tw 307.567.978.144 dong Muc tieu cua Dw an nham tham do, danh gia tru-Iwgng, chat Iwang, cac thong so ky thuat lam ca sa cho thiet ke cong nghe khai thae va cong nghe che bien Vi vay cong tac khoan lay mau loi la het swc quan trgng nhim cung cap cac so lieu, cac thong tin ve dja chat, dja tang cua vung mo va mau loi cho phan tich xac djnh phin, tinh chat chinh xac cac khoang muoi PETRaVIETNAM Trong cong tac khoan tim kiem khoang san ran, ngw&i ta ehwa chu trgng nhieu den dung djch khoan Dung djch khoan thw&ng dwgv pha che dan gian tir nguon nw&c va dat set tai cho Trong khoan lay mau loi muoi mo, dung djch set nw&c hoan toan khong co tae dung Dung djch ba muoi dwa tren tham khao tai lieu va thwc te khoan gap cac khoang muoi mo dwg'C de xuat sw dung Qua trinh sir dung dung djch ba muoi cho thay hieu qua a mire han che Cae mau 161 khong dwg'C bao toan, thwang bj gay vun va bao mon Mot so cac khoang muoi di tan nw&e bj rira troi trw&c dem di phan tfch Bai bao de cap den viee nghien ciru, u-ng dung cong dung djch khoan goe dau khoan lay mau loi muoi mo cho lo khoan tai nw&c CHDCND Lao cua Tong cong ty co phin Dung djch khoan va Hoa phim Diu khf (DMC) II Gc s d LFng dung dung djch khoan goc d i u cho khoan lay mau muoi Cau tao dja chat va nhOng phu'ang an SLP dung dung djch da de xuat cho gieng khoan muoi Oja chat ciia mo mull dugc danh gia tren ca sa cot dja t i n g khoan qua cua lo khoan LK VIII-18, LK IX-20 va LK 38 (xem ept dja t i n g 16 khoan) Oja t i n g cac 16 khoan dac trung bo'i hai lo-p khoang m u l l : Lo-p khoang m u l i tren la quang khoang muli Halite - NaCI nam a chilu sau tir 120m d i n 156,7m, dp d l y tu 38,7m d i n 92m Lo-p muoi halite nam giua hai 16'p set k i t co dp d l y lo'n Lap set k i t tren co dp d l y tu 79m d i n 109,5m Lap set k i t duo'i co dp d l y tir 83 - 132m Lap khoang muli dud'i nam 6' chieu sau tir 290m d i n 324,5m, dp d l y dao dpng tir 20,5 - 35m Lap khoang mu6i duo'i hau nhu kh6ng chira halite ma chira mpt tap hgp cac khoang muli quan trpng co phin khoang nhu sau: + Khoang carnallite, muli kali, magie - KMgCls.eHjO + Khoang bischofite - muoi magie clorua MgCl2.6H20 + Khoang t a c h y h y d r i t e mu6i c a n x i , magie clorua CaMg2.Clg.12H20 Cac t i n g mu6i 6' trang thai k i t tinh khIi, duge bao ve bai cac t i n g set k i t dly, tham chi dugc bit nhet bo'i 16'p thach eao mong nhu 6' gilng 20 va 38 Oja tang set eOng e6 nhO'ng khac biet vai dja tang th6ng thuo'ng Chung lien k i t chat sit va rIn chac va h l u nhu kho cirng M i u loi l l y len doi co cac v l t nirt mong kh6ng theo thu ty, doi kep giua la 16'p m6ng muli k i t tinh Viec hinh sy khac biet eua lap set va cac nirt ne dugc giai thich sy m i t nuae gay bo'i sy hut nu6'c manh me cua cac muli khoang Trong tao dja chit chira cac muoi khac d l hoa tan nuo'c g I m h i n hgp cac muli kali, magie Chung bj h6a tan dung djch muli nath clorua bao hoa gay sy rira tr6i va mIt mat cae muoi o l ngan ngua sy rira tr6i cac khoang muoi canxi, kali, magie nguai ta sir dung he dung djch m u l i hon hgp gom muoi ciia kali, magie va nath He se han e h i m I t mat hoa tan nu6'c Oe pha c h i he dung djch h I n hgp m u l i phii hgp d n phai phan tieh ty le p h i n cae muoi c6 tao Nhu vay dung djch muoi natri clorua bao hoa ehi phu hgp v6'i dja t i n g lap m u l i tren va dung djch khoan m u l i hon hgp ba DAU KHi-SO 12/2010 35 T H A M DO - KHAI THAC D A U KHI muoi phu hgp eho khoan t i n g m u l i duo'i ciia mo m u l i tai Lao CAU TRUC VA DjA TANG LK IX-20 Thyc t l nguo'i ta sir dung he dung djch ba m u l i cho khoan toan bp dja t i n g mo muoi tif chilu sau gap t i n g muoi tren Viec khoan ap dung nhu vay kh6ng phu hgp do: + Oja t i n g m u l i kh6ng lien tuc, m l i t i n g muoi p h i n cOng khong on djnh nhu t i n g m u l i tren chii y l u la NaCI T i n g m u l i dual la hon hgp eae p h i n khoang m u l i Trong d6 c6 cac khoang m u l i rIt de tan nuae chua xac djnh chinh xac nhu khoang bichofite va tachyhydrite Set, boi kSl TLr205-130m 1^-£7ZZZZZZ2.\ N N N N N N N N N + Xen giO'a cac tang muoi la tang set k i t va eae phan khac nhu thach cao N l u viec pha che muoi bao hoa tren ca sa NaCI thi chi phii hgp cho tang m u l i tren chira khoang halite Ooi vo'i dung djch ba muoi nath clorua, kali clorua va magie clorua thi chua co ca SO' tang muoi tren h l u nhu chi c6 NaCI, tang muoi du6'i lai hau nhu kh6ng e6 muoi NaCI Thanh p h i n m u l i kali, magie va canxi c6 p h i n t i n g m u l i dual nhung muoi canxi lai kh6ng dugc sir dung pha che Thyc t l qua trinh khoan ba m u l i cho thIy m i u loi l l y kh6ng giO' dugc nguyen ven, thuo'ng bj g l y vun va bao mon 16'n Cac khoang m u l i quan trpng bj tan nuae khong dam bao mau cho danh gia phan tich p h i n muoi Tren ca so' do, cac ehuyen gia ciia VINACHEM va tu van ciia Oire da d l nghj Phong Nghien eiru Phat triln san pham ciia Tong c6ng ty Dung dich khoan va Hoa pham d i u - CTCP (DMC) nghien cu'u he dung djch khoan goc d i u sir dung cho dy an 36 oAu KHi- so 12/2010 1O -m 1^ \ / / / / / / / / N r Thach cao - Anhydrit TCf 215.5-216 5m Set, bot ket TLf216,5-324,5m Mudi Quang TL/324,5-345m Hinh Cot dia ting Id khoan 20, md muoi tai huyen Nongbok tinh Khammuoan, nwac CHDCND Lao Dung djch khoan goc dau - c c che tao nhu tu'cng nghjch Mpt nhtrng cong viec quan trpng n h l t cong tac thi cong gieng khoan lay m i u loi khoang san la tinh c h i t bao toan m i u loi C6 nhiiu y l u to q u y l t djnh s y bai c6ng tac khoan l l y m i u loi nhu: Cong nghe khoan, tinh thIm ehu'a cua via, ap s u i t via, loai san pham via, ehung loai va chat lugng dung djch khoan Theo cac chuyen gia, y l u to quan trpng n h l t la chung loai va c h i t lugng dung djch khoan Mpt tyu ciia ITnh vyc dung dich khoan la viec ap dung he nhO tuang nghjch lam dung djch cho cong tae khoan Hien dung djch khoan g l c d i u dugc su' dung cho cong nghe khoan la he nhO tuang nghjch pha phan tan nuae ben thuo'ng chiem tu' 10 - 30% Pha phan tan d i u ben ngoai (m6i truang phan tan) chiem tu- 70 - 90% Cong nghe tien tien PETROVIBTNAM CO CBt THAM LOC TRONG N"HC TCONG DAU NHU Tl/ONG Nl/CIC TRONG DAU PHAD.UlLlfNTUCi PHAKtf.tD.il'Ct'A^ I I / CHAT T \ N H V \ I ••• '/f*i-Z ")l^Jr -p^.- : I LOPT.\OBOIC.\CH.4T.NX(H:xn:6l - _ I?-'^ 'J-A NT/OC CCA ciATIAONHC ^ w / I I ••• I r- \LiNC B.iN •nks.l LV1 j n t T T»p BOI C.AC CatT T.ip NHt" Pha Dirtfc muoi Pha nairc mooi -O; O.r-' I ' I N C d C BI N m - HOA MVNH i l l CHI CHO D.iU BI QUA MOI TRrONG lUi-M LOC MOI TRL'OIXG T H A A I LOC PHA D.to LIEN TJJC Hinh Sa dd md hinh tao nhu nwac diu bai chit tao nhu Hinh Md hinh tao mang ban thim ciia nhu twang nwdc dau da cho phep e h i tao dugc cac dau tong hgp c6 dp nhat dpng hpe nho, nang cao hieu qua khong ehi chat lugng ky thuat cua dung djch ma cai thien viec sir dung ty le pha nu6'e 16'n han mang lai hieu qua kinh t l cOng nhu an toan sir dung Dung djch khoan goc d i u da dugc khang djnh CO r I t n h i i u nhirng uu diem, khac phuc hoan toan nhtrng nhuge diem ma dung djch khoan g l c nu6'e gay khoan tham d6 va khai thae khoang san Pha ben cua dung djch goc d i u kh6ng chi la nu6'c ma la cac dung djch axit, polyme, cac san p h i m chu-c nang cung nhu hon hgp eua chung Vi vay co t h i d i i u chinh cae phin cua dung djch cho nhiiu mue dieh khac thupc vao dac diem ciia dja t i n g , nhu cac c h i t hoa tan, cac tram tich hiru ca va dat da carbonate, hon hgp chat bit nhet Dung dich nhu vay khong co cac p h i n de tuang tae h6a hpe, kh6ng tham thIu vao mau loi d6ng tho'i m i u d l duge phuc hIi lai Thud'ng dung djch l l y mau loi nhu vay ve ly thuyet dugc thilt k l e6 dp nhat rIt eao Nhung tren thyc t l khong the ap dung dung djch nhu vay cho yeu d u lay mau loi toan bp chieu sau tir 120 - 130m d i n tren 400m qua cac t i n g m u l i tren, t i n g set k i t d l y va tang muli dud'i Dung djch khong chi sir dung eho l l y mau loi ma dap ung eho ea khoan, c6 nghTa dung djch dugc tuIn hoan, co chirc nang van chuyen mun khoan len tren mat, c6 tinh ire c h i da philn set truang no' va dap irng cac tinh chit luu bien, thiiy dpng lye hpe Tren ea sa tong hgp cac yeu c l u , ehung t6i da d l xuat dung djch g l c d i u vira eho lay m i u loi va vira cho khoan dap irng cac dja t i n g set, t i n g muli tren va t i n g muoi dual IM Ket qua nghien CLPU va irng dung Nghien CLFU dung djch phong thi nghiem Oe khoan l l y mau loi, dung djch khoan c i n dugc chu trpng d i n dac tinh bao toan cho m i u loi Thi nghiem danh gia kha nang thu hIi m i u loi phong thi nghiem va so sanh d i i ehirng kha nang thu hoi m i u loi duge gia eong theo co' hat duge dua Bang D A U K H i - s O 12/2010 37 T H A M DO - KHAI THAC D A U KHI Bang Kit qua thi nghiem kha nang thu hdi mau Idi DD goc nu'6'c Dung djch g6c dau PV (cP) 16 17 YP (lbs/1 OOft^) 13 16 Gel (lbs/1 OOft^) 2/2 18/30 Thong so thi nghiem Tru'O'c thir nhiet PV (cP) 12 17 YP (lbs/1 OOft^) 10 Gel (lbs/1 OOft^) 3/3 18/55 EST (V) % thu h6i m§u loi Dau goc 1300 EST (V) Sau thir nhiet Nu'O'C 770 96 3,5 mm 55,1 85,9 2,5 mm 58,8 94,4 0,36 97,7 1,5 mm 63,7 95 2,06 99,5 1,0 mm 65,9 95 3,76 99,5 0,5 mm 67,5 95 5,06 99,5 Tong 68,9 95 5,06 99,5 o l u goc la chat long hu'u ea khong hoa tan mau loi m u l i mo, khong lam truang no' va phan tan set, m i u loi thu hoi duge nhiiu nhlt tai 99,5% Ngugc lai nuo'c hoa tan m u l i , lam truang na va phan tan set nhiiu nhat 100 Diu nen 90 DD goc dau SO D I U goc la c h i t long ky nuae nen eho kha nang thu hoi eao nhlt Nu6'c hoa tan cae muoi, truang no' va phan tan set nen kha nang thu hIi cae CO" hat eiia m i u t h I p nhat, chi dat 5,06% ting trpng lugng eae ca hat dem thi nghiem Ty le thu hoi m i u loi d i i vai dung djch goc d i u la 95% 16'n han so v6'i 68,9% eiia dung djch g l c nu6'c dugc chuan bj c6 tinh u'c c h i set t i t nhat P h i n hat co' lan n h l t thu hoi dung djch goc d i u la 85,9%, dung djch goc nuae chi dat 55,1%, thu hoi 6' d i u goc dat 96% va nud'c dat 0% 70 ea DD goc nnac 50 40 K i t qua thi nghiem cho t h I y dung djch g l c dau c6 tinh U'C c h i set t i t va hoa tan cac m u l i it nhat so vai dung djch khoan goe nu6'e (Hinh 4) 30 Ket qua ipng dung dung djch khoan goc dau cho gieng khoan LK18, LK20, LK38 20 lO o ^hfi^K) Hinh Dwang cong thi nghiem kha nang thu hdi miu idi doi vai cac dung dich goc diu, dung dich goc nwac, nwac va dau goc 38 DAU KHi - so 12/2010 2.1 DS xuit lira chon phin khoan goc dau ciia dung dich Thanh p h i n va ham lugng hoa pham eho pha che dugc lya ehpn nghien cu'u phong thi nghiem 6' Bang PETROVIBTTslAIVI Bang iwa chon phin dung dich gde diu cho thi nghiem TT Hoa pham So lu'p'ng D e n vj t i n h Nong CaCl2 50 25kg/sx 39,3 kg/m^ Lime 36 25kg/sx 28,1 kg/m^ Novatec P 55gal/dr 26 kg/m^ Novatec S 55gal/dr 12,8 kg/m^ Novatec F 55gal/dr 12,8 kg/m^ Bentone 38 24 50lb/sx 17kg/m^ Ecotrol RD 25kg/sx 6,2 kg/m^ Bante 14 50kg/bao 441 kg/m^ 2.2 Chwang trinh Ghi chii khoan Bang Thiet ki Id khoan va dng chdng dai dien cho Id khoan LK 20 Dieu l(ien gieng Dieu l