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Tuygn tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam D^u khi Viet Nam Co'''' hoi moi, thach thiic mdi" 783 X > NGHIEN c t ru HE DUNG DICH KHOAN IfC CHE PHU HOP CHO THI CONG KHOAN TAI MO BACH H 6 Hoang H6ng LTnh XNLD[.]
Tuygn tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam D^u Viet Nam: Co' hoi moi, thach thiic mdi" X 783 > NGHIEN c t r u HE DUNG DICH KHOAN IfC CHE PHU HOP CHO THI CONG KHOAN TAI MO BACH H Hoang H6ng LTnh XNLD Vietsovpetro TOM T A T Bdo cdo gi&i thiiu vi hi dung dich ue chi m&i nhdt dd dugc nghien cim vd dp dung tgi XNLD Vietsovpetro, nhdm ndng cao dn dinh thdnh giing, hgn chi nhirng su cd xdy thi cdng khoan Hi dung dich trin da dugc khdng dinh la cd khd ndng irc chi sit tdt hon cdc hi dung dieh truyin thdng da dugc dp dung tgi md Bgch Hd Sir dung hi dung dich ndy dge bid cd hiiu qud khoan vdo cdc thdnh hi tir Miocen du&i din Oligocen du&i CAC V A N DE THEN CHOT N H A M N A N G CAO DO ON DINH T H A N H GIENG KHI THI CONG KHOAN, D A C BIET DOI V6l NHtTNG GIENG KHOAN CO GOC NGHIENG LON ^ f r Lu'a chon he dung dich khoan nham dam bao tfnh on dinh gieng Tinh kh6ng 6n dinh gieng la mpt nhtrng van de phirc tap va thuang xay nhat khoan qua eae he set de truang no Do d6, khoan qua eae he set hoat tinh cao, thi he dung dich khoan d6i h6i phai co kha nang lic che set cao, dp thai nuoc nh6, d6ng thai cac th6ng s6 ky thuat ciing phai phii hop voi he tang khoan qua Thuc te thi cong gieng khoan a m6 Bach H6 tai cac dia tang Miocen duai, Oligocen tren va Oligocen duai cho thay nhimg dien bien phiic tap, dac trung nhat la sap 16, ket can, b6 lien quan den cac lop set bi truong no tiep xuc voi dung dich khoan Cac van de lien quan den tinh on djnh gieng khoan va nhu-ng bien phap co* X ^ > ^ r ban du'O'c de xuat nham nang cao ben gieng mo Bach H6, khoan qua cac he Miocen ha, Oligocen tren va Oligocen tai dp sau khoang tir 2400m den 4000m gap nhieu sir e6 nhat Nguyen nhan ehinh la tai cac he tang co ham lugng eao eiia Igai set boat tinh nhat montmorillonit Day la nguyen nhan ehinh lam mat 6n dinh gieng khoan, gay nhieu phire tap va sir c6 khoan nhu: bo hep gieng, sap la timg mang set dan den ket bp khoan eu, V.V Tai khoang dp sau nay, nhiet dp va ap suat he la tuong d6i cao, tac dpng Icm din th6ng s6 dung dich khoan va dp 6n dinh ciia gilng Qua cac kit qua nghien cim va kinh nghiem thue tien, ta thay rang he dung dieh dugc lira chgn mu6n giai quyet dugc cae vdn dl tren thi phai dua tren cae eo so sau: 784 Nghien ciiu he dung djch khoan lic chg phu hop cho thi cong khoan tai mo Bach Ho - Can eir dieu kien dia chat, nhiet do, ap suat via theo dp sau tai m6 Bach H6 va dae dilm ky thuat thi e6ng gieng khoan Ngoai can cir vao nhung quy dinh ciia Luat M6i truang va gia eiia he dung dieh ma dua he dung dieh khoan thich hop Dam bao chi dp khoan t6i uu e6n la yeu t6 kh6ng kem phan quan trpng de tri tinh 6n dinh than gieng khoan can eir vao eae co che ire che set cua cae tac nhan ire che va mire dp ire che cua cac he dung dieh dugc ap dung thuc te lam co so lua chpn he dung dich thich hgp NGHIEN ClTU, LlTA CHON HE DUNG DICH KHOAN THICH HOP Phan tich uu, nhuoc diem ciia cac he dung djch sir dung tai mo Bach Ho a Trong qud trinh thi cdng cdc giing khoan & md Bgch Ho K I tir nam 1985 tra lai day, XNLD Vietsovpetro da ap dung nhieu he dung dieh khae nhu: Lignosulfonate, Lignosulfonate-eanxi, Lignosulfonate-AKK va cac he dung dich ire che polyme phi set (KCI-PHPA, KCl-Glycol) da gop phan vao e6ng thi c6ng eae gieng khoan Tuy nhien, doi h6i ky thuat cang eao ve cac th6ng s6 ciia dung dich khoan, ve kha nang irc che set, lam tang 6n dinh gieng, thi cac he dung djch truyen thong kh6ng e6n phii hgp de thi c6ng khoan qua cae dia tang phire tap ehira nhieu set nhu: Miocen duoi, Oligocen Nhtrng he dung dieh polyme phi set (nhu KCl-Glyeol) e6 gia eao, dieu kien thi c6ng phire tap Ben canh do, he th6ng thiet bi tach lpe pha ran tai cac gian khoan cua XNLD Vietsovpetro nhin chung kh6ng phii hgp de ap dung he dung dich b Ap dung hi dung dich Lignosulfonate-AKK Trong qua trinh sir dung he dung dich Lignosulfonate-AKK de thi c6ng nhieu gieng khoan mo Bach H6, he thuang bpc 16 nhtrng nhupc diem sau: Khi lam giam dp nhcit quy uoc (FV, s) va dp ben gel (gel 1/10 phut) da tang ham lupng pha phan tan dung dieh, lam t6e dp co hpc khoan giam Ham lupng set cao dung dieh da gay nhiem ban via san pham Kha nang ire che set chua that cao nen van gay nhieu phirc tap, sir e6 khoan qua cac he set c Ap dung hi dung dich PHPA-KCI tgi thim luc dia Viet Nam Nhieu phire tap va su e6 van thuang xuyen xay khoan qua eae he set da chung t6 kha nang irc che set va tinh chat c6ng nghe ciia he ehua hoan toan phii hgp voi dieu kien dia chat tai day Dac biet, viee sir dung PHPA lam tang nhot ciia dung djch do tang t6n that eiia dung dieh qua cae thiet bi tach lpe chat ran va tang mirc dp pha loang de gitr 6n dinh th6ng so dung dieh 785 Juygn tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Phu Viet Nam: Ca hoi moi, thach thiic mdi" d Hi dung djch KCl-Glycol Don pha cbl ting quat va cac thong so dung dieh ciia he KCl-Glycol dupe trinh bay Bang Bang Cdc 'hong so dung dich Ham Thanh phdn lirang rc (kg/m') 3,5^4,0 IDCAPD 10 PAC-LV 10^12 OXOSCAV 1,3^1,5 KCI 90^120 PoiyalkyleGlycol FV FL (g/cm') (s) (ml) K PV YP Gel, i„ (mm) (cPs) (ih'innfr) (lb inOfr) 0,5 15 pH - Nuac KT Xanvis r 1,12 25 304-40 30 + 25^30 0,02 40 1,0 20 1,12 25 0,5 12 1^1,5 Lubricant 10^15 20-25 (3 gio) 0,02 Biocide 35 1,0 + 8,5 + 0,2 25-30 0,5 110 Axit Citric 15^25/ 10-20/ + 15-30 17 0,5 Nhdn xit: Tir ket qua Bang cho thay,cae th6ng s6 dung dich ciia he KCL-Glycol vai don pha che tren hoan toan dam bao cac yeu eau ky thuat cho khoan ca nhting gieng khoan ngang qua he set boat tinh cao e Ket qud so sdnh khd ndng dc chi set miin khoan cua ba hi dung dich trin Kha nang lic che set miin khoan ciia cac he dung dich duge trinh bay Bang Bang TT Hi dung dich Nuac ky thuat Nuoc bien mo Bach Ho Dung dich FCI-AKK Dung dich PHPA-KCI Dung dich KCl-Glycol Trgng lugng mdu (g) Tru&c thu 30 30 30 30 30 Ty le thu hdi miin set (yo) Sau thu 2,1 2,5 13,8 24,4 27 18,3 46 81,32 90.5 Nghien ciiu he dung djch khoan lic chg phu hop cho thi cong khoan tai mojgchjto^ 786 Qua so sanh ket qua tren cho thay ty le thu hii mim set ciia he dung dich KCl-Glycol Ion gap 1,96 ian so vai dung dich Lignosulfonat-AKK; va bang 1,11 ian so vai he dung dich PHPA-KCI Cac ket qua thi nghiem cae he dung dich khoan tren vl nghien cim tinh ue che truong no set dugc neu a Bang Bang Chi tieu He dung dich TT Kc Ho AH(mm) A% Ve Ks %h % Nuoc ky thuat 0,3 10 2,9 29 7,25 17,4 Nuoc bien mo Bach Ho 0,3 10 1,21 12,1 3,03 7,20 Dung dieh FCI-AKK 0,3 10 0,8 8,0 2,00 4,80 Dung dieh PHPA-KCI 0,3 10 0,2 2,0 0,52 1,25 Dung dich KCl-Glycol 0,3 10 0,18 1,8 0,50 1,20 So sarih cac ket qua tren cho thay, ba he dung dich thi kha nang irc che set ciia he KCl-Glycol la cao nhat, sau cimg la he Lignosulfonate-AKK Dung dich KCl-Glycol CO dp thoat nuoc thap va chiia d6ng thai ba tac nhan ire che (KCI, IDCAPD, Polyalkylenglycol) da tao lop v6 bim mong, ben chac quanh than gieng khoan, giup ngan ngira cae hien tupng sap 16 va bo Tuy nhien, dieu kien thuc te thi c6ng a XNLD Vietsovpetro, viec ap dung he dung dieh nhieu ban che: So voi he Lignosulfonate-AKK, he KCl-Glycol chiu bin nhiet kem hon C) nhiet dp cao cac polyme rat de bi phan huy - Gia ehi phi thuc t l dung dich KCl-Glycol tren Im khoan dac biet eao so voi he truyin thing a XNLD Vietsovpetro (tir 150 din 220USD/lm doi voi he KCl-Glycol, va tir 40 din 50USD/lm dii vai cac he khae dang ap dung) - Ciing gilng nhu he PHPA/KCl, viee ap dung he KCl-Glyeol dilu kien thi e6ng dac thii cac gian khoan e6 dinh cua XNLD Vietsovpetro la van dl kho khan, he th6ng tach lpe pha rin thuang chua d6ng bp va hieu qua boat dpng chua cao Nghien cmi he dung djch polyme it set KR22-Glycol a Co s& lira chpn Dl khic phue nhtrng ban che cua he dung dich Lignosulfonat-AKK, KCl-Glyeol va PHPA-KCI, ding thai tang cuong su kit hgp gitra cae tae nhan ire chi set dl tang Tuygn tap bao cao HQi nghj KHCN "30 nSm D^u Viet Nam: Co' hoi moi, thach thiic moi" 787 hieu qua boat dgng ciia chimg, ngoai viec sir dung phii hgp cac tac nhan ire cbl tren de nghien ciiu tinh tuong hgp, phan c6n nghien ciru dimg ket hgp them voi mgt tae nhan lic cbl ntra la polyme silic hiiu co ky nuoc (KR-22), tir tao dugc mpt he dung dich phii hgp eo kha nang lie chi set cao, la he dung dich KOR-PAG (KR22Glyeol) Polyme silic htm co KR22 thuge dang Alumosiliconate htru ca Theo A.F Moisev va L.D Vineski, m6i truofng dung dich pH = - 10, ion Na+ tir KR-22 se phan ly tao polyme co dang anion, chiing se tuong tac voi cac dien tich duong 6f goc canh phien set, de tao lop v6 bpc bao ve kh6ng cho nuoc xam nhap Ben canh KR22 co tac dung tang dp 6n dinh nhiet rat t6t Co che bao ve nhiet ciia KR22 nhu sau: Trong phan cua KR22 co ba nguyen tir co ban tao nen chiing g6m: caebon, silic va nh6m Cac lien ket ciia silicxan (Si-O-Si) va alumo (Al-0) rat chac chan va ben nhiet, chiing hinh lap mang bao ve nhiet bao quanh cac mach polyme giiip 6n dinh ca nhiet dp den 150°C b Mot sd kit qud nghiin ciru khd ndng iec chi set doi v&i cdc hi dung dich Khi khoan qua cac he set Miocen duoi, Oligocen tren va Oligocen duai tai m6 Bach H6 thuong xay mat 6n dinh gieng kha nang irc che set chua cao ciia cac he dung dich dang ap dung (da loai trir cac nguyen nhan khae) gay nhieu kho khan phirc tap thi c6ng khoan, dac biet d6i voi nhiing gieng khoan eo goc nghieng Ion •> ^ r y Dp 6n dinh cua gieng dupe quyet dinh boi dp ben vting cua v6 biin V6 biin cang mbng, cang dai chac, thi gieng cang 6n dinh De xac dinh dinh lupng ve dp ben viing ciia vo bim, ngoai nghien cim dp 6n dinh cac th6ng s6 dung dich (dac biet la: dp thai nuoc, v6 biin, dp ben gel va dp nhot pheu), chung t6i b6 sung them hai th6ng so dupe tren hai thiet bi moi la: may dp xuyen va may momen xoan Tir viec dp xuyen (L) xac dinh dugc kha nang khang nen ciia vo biin Bang mornen xoan (K) cho thay ben khang cat cua vo bun Nho vay, danh gia dugc day dii ben virng ciia lop vo set duoi tac dung ciia cac loai lire kbac (lire nen va lire cat) Ket qua nghien ciiu dugc trinh bay Bang M6men xoan (K) ciia cae mau dugc bieu dien tren Hinh Do xuyen (L) cua cac miu dugc bieu dien tren Hinh Nhdn xit: Tir eae ket qua thi nghiem trinh bay a Bang 4, Hinh 1, chi rang mau dung dich N ^ c6 kha nang lic che set eao nhat s6 nhung mau nghien eim Mau N ^ thuge he dung dich KR22-Glycol (KOR-PAG) Nhu vay, he dung dieh KOR-PAG c6 kha nang ire cbl set cao hon cac he dung dich: FCl; AKK; FCI-AKK; polyme it set KR22 (PAACOR) Nghien ciiu he dung djch khoan lic chg phii hop cho thi cong khoan tai mo Bach Ho 788 Bang Cdc ihong so dun^ dich 25"C IKT'CdiungSgio) IIS ~u ^ "u" ^ ^ _ • S~ C ^ r^ = ^ T!;;"' J5 -J ):_, ¥ ~s -^ Q, t^ u ^ t ,^ ^ -^ -c " :::: s^ -J x,„ • ^ "^ c _ t~~- t^ ^ ^ :^^ ^ Li "§, = ti ^ • ^ ""^ ^ -J ^ ^ ^ 'c ,s S C; Q >, >- "*^ Nuac KT + bentonit API % + CMCHV 3% + CMCLV 0.7% 24/6 196 22 28 11/9 23/56 4.4 200 22 30 12/10 104 18 23 6/4 10/31 4.6 100 17 22 6/4 62 19 18 4/3 11/29 4.6 120 19 23 7/5 20 2/9 5,4 22 2/1 4/14 1/ 0,5/ 22 11 0,5/1 5,8 20 10 0,5 44 18 16 4/3 10/33 4.8 58 18 18 28 17 10 2/1 1,5/3 5,0 28 16 26 17 1/2 4,8 24 14 212 25 37 31/72 4,6 220 24 35 20 23 22/67 5,0 104 20 24 35, 4,8 2,6 + Bentonit nguyen khai 12% 77, 10/ N| + 2%KR22 N2 + 0.5%AKK + 0.2%KOM 29 5,0 18/ 48 N, + 2%KC1 N4+ I%FC1 + 0.3%KOH 0.5 Ni + 0.5%AKK + 0,2%KOl 2,57 86, 1/ 0,5 1.1 41, 5,0 1/ 5/4 13/ 42 6,0 1,0 93, 6,4 0,96 59, 5.2 3,6 N i + 1,5%FC1 + 0,35%KOH + 0,5%AKK + 1/ 0,5 1/6 5,4 37, 2,6 0.2%KOl N1+2%KR22+ l%FCl+0,2% KOH 1/ 0,5 1/ 0,5/ 0,5 16/ 42/ 14 79 5,2 50, 2,5 Nircfc KT + 5% Bentonit API + 0,7%CMCLV + 0,3%CMCHV + 15/ 12 5,0 40 4.5 10% Bentonit nguyen khai N., + 0.5%AKK 10 11 12 + 0,2%KOH N,„+3%Glycol N,i + 2%KC1 96 92 25 20 12 22 9/7 8/6 2/1 18/58 4,8 152 22 25 10/8 6,6 28 13 3/2 3/ 17 10/9 29/ 66 5,4 12/ 54 8/33 14 0,3%KOH Nn+2'!oKR22 25 26 11 2/1 1/ 13 0.5 15 16 N,:+ 1% Glycol Ni:+2%KR22 25 28 12 12 1/ 0.5 2/9 5,4 31 14 2/1 2/14 5,2 7,0 5.8 1/5 5,2 32 14 10 2/1 2/10 5,6 2/15 6.2 27 13 3/2 6/31 6,6 75 90, 91 8,3 1/ 3/ 18 6.6 28 13 4/3 9/42 6,8 2,0 1,0 0,6 0.4 91, 0,5 3.0 N | , + 1%FC1 + 13 68, 1,5 98, 1.9 Tuygn tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam DSu Viet Nam: Co' hoi moi, thach thiic moi" qg-g- lOO-rl 9^ 90 9^^S^(^^ 789 og-p ^ 3W 80 1^ 70 -•t ^ ^ 60 ^ ^ ^ 50-lt 40 ^M i4^ 3^ >p 30 20 10 0- -ff''' Nl ^^wf y,„ ••„„|-, ir,, »,,,„ .- i ,,-.,,,,,,, —I •„,, • -„, •,, -„,,, N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 NIO Nil N12 N13 N14 N15 N16 Hinh 1: Do ben khang cat ciia v6 biin 4.5- 4-t 3.6 3.53- Or 2.6 2.6 2.57 2.5- 2.5 13- z:^ 2- 1.5 L5-t 1.1 0.96 0.6 j ^ 0.50- ip Nl N2 N3 N4 i N5 N6 N7 N8 Ha 0.4 N9 NIC N i l N12 N13 N14 N15 N16 Hinh 2: Do ben khang nen cua v6 biin Nhung th6ng s6 eua cac he dung dich ire cbl nghien cim, dugc trinh bay Bang Nghien ciiu he dung djch khoan lic che phii hop cho thi cong khoan tai mo Bach Ho 790 Nhimg th6ng s6 ciia cac he dung dich irc che nghien ciiu, dugc trinh bay Bang Bang Nha-ng he dung dich dang sir dung tgi Vietsovpetro Thdng so dung dich TT Yeu cdu ky thudt Lignosulfonat KR22 KCI- Glycol PAA-COR KOR-PAG 1.01 - 1.02 1,02-1.03 1.1 -^1.2 - 1,05- 1,06 1,05- 1,06 40-60 25-35 25-35 40-60 40-60 40^60 Dp thai nuac, ml/30phtit 4-8 5-6 5-6 4-5 4-5 3,4-5,2 Gel, lb/100ft-Sau phiit - 15 - 15 - 15 10- 15 10- 15 9-^ 15 Sau 10 phiit 15-25 13-20 13-20 15-25 15-25 17 + 25 PV, cPs *ALAP 25-30 30-40 10-20 25-35 15 + 25 YP, Lb/lOOft^ 25-35 17-20 40-45 30-40 35-40 25-35 Ham lirong keo, % the tich 45°, so dge vong/phiit tren may (FANN-35A) can phai > Nhdn xet: Cae th6ng s6 dung dich cua he dung dich KOR-PAG nhin chung tuong duong voi he KCl-Glyeol la he dung dich irc che set t6t nhat hien dang dugc sir dung tai XNLD Vietsovpetro He dung dich KOR-PAG co cac th6ng s6 dung dich phii hgp yeu c^u ky thuat, dam bao thi c6ng ca nhung gilng khoan ngang KET LUAN Tren co so phan tich, tong hgp cac s6 lieu nghien ciiu, thi nghiem da chi rang he dung dich KOP-PAG la he dung dich lic chi set tit He rat phii hgp cho ap dung khoan qua cac he Miocen duoi, Oligocen tren, Oligocen duoi la nhung he set hoat tinh cao Do gieng 6n dinh, giam nhirng phiie tap su c6 thi c6ng khoan Ngoai he dung dieh c6n eo nhirng dac tinh sau: Co ben nhiet cao nen th6ng s6 dung dieh rat 6n dinh ca nhiet cao (khoang 150°C) - Ham lugng pha ran thap, nen tang tic khoan va giam anh huong xau din tang san pham Tuygn tap b^o c^o HQi nghj KHCN "30 n^m Phu Viet Nam: Co' hoi moi, thach thiic moi" 791 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Arvid Brauti va n.n.k., 1993 Di xudt chuong trinh dung dich khoan cho XNLD Vietsovpetro C6ng ty ADF-Vietnam Arvid Brauti, Randy Lydda va n.n.k., 2005 Di xudt chuomg trinh dung dich khoan cho XNLD Vietsovpetro C6ng ty Ml-Vietnam Hoang H6ng LTnh, 1996 Nghiin cim phuong phdp nhdm ndng cao hiiu qud kinh ti dp dung hi dung dich KCl-PHPA-Glycol cho cdc giing khoan ngang tgi md Bgch Hd Hgi nghi Khoa hgc Dai hgc M6 - Dia chat \hn thir 12, tr 220 - 228 Ng6 Van Tu, Hoang H6ng Linh, 1995 Nghien cim dp dung hi dung dich khoan irc chi m&i KR22 di thi cdng cdc giing khoan & md Bgch Hd vd Rdng Tap chi Dau khi, S6 Ng6 Van Tu, Hoang Hong LTnh va n.n.k., 1997 Cdc vdn di nhdm dn dinh thdnh giing thi cdng cdc giing khoan ed xiin l&n & md Bgch Hd, XNLD Vietsovpetro Hgi nghi Co hgc da toan qu6c ian thii IIL Ha Ngi, tr 192 - 206 Ngo van Tu, Hoang H6ng LTnh va n.n.k., 1998 Kinh nghiim dp dung hi dung dich khoan polyme phi sit thi cdng cdc giing khoan cd gdc nghiing ldm (giing khoan ngang) & XNLD Vietsovpetro Tuyen tap bao cao Hgi nghi KHCN "'Viin Ddu Khi 20 ndm xdy dung vd tucmg lai phdt triin" Ha Ngi, tr 366 - 373 Ng6 van Tu, Hoang Hong LTnh, 2002 Nghiin cim lua chgn cdc hi dung dich thich hgp cho thi cdng khoan nhiing tdng sdn phdm cua mo Bgch Hd Tuyen tap bao cao Hgi nghj Khoa hgc Ky thuat Dau ky niem 20 nam lap XNLD Vietsovpetro Viing Tau Anco-2000, 1993 Anchor drilling fluids Vietnam JA^ Company, Vung Tau PHPA/KCl-anchor drilling fluids Vietnam J/V Company, Vung Tau ... cac he dung dieh dugc ap dung thuc te lam co so lua chpn he dung dich thich hgp NGHIEN ClTU, LlTA CHON HE DUNG DICH KHOAN THICH HOP Phan tich uu, nhuoc diem ciia cac he dung djch sir dung tai... ciiu he dung djch khoan lic chg phu hop cho thi cong khoan tai mo Bach Ho - Can eir dieu kien dia chat, nhiet do, ap suat via theo dp sau tai m6 Bach H6 va dae dilm ky thuat thi e6ng gieng khoan. .. dieu kien thi c6ng phire tap Ben canh do, he th6ng thiet bi tach lpe pha ran tai cac gian khoan cua XNLD Vietsovpetro nhin chung kh6ng phii hgp de ap dung he dung dich b Ap dung hi dung dich