Nghiên cứu ứng dụng dữ liệu Lidar và ảnh viễn thám độ phân giải cao để xây dựng bản đồ 3D phục vụ quản lý đô thị

Cdc nfii dung nghidn cdu chinh bao gdm cdc phuong phdp: Chidt tdch thfing tin vd Idp phu bd mat til anh cuiftig dd phan hfii, dO lidu dfi cao vd anh vidn thdm; ndn tnic giao dnh ve [r]

Nghien ctiu - Trao doi

Nghieji cuu ung dung dir lieu Lidar va anh vien tliam plian giai cao de xay

dung ban 3D pliuc vu quan iy tiij O ThS NGUYfiN THI THUC ANH

Trung tdm Viin thdm Qudc gia ^W^ong nhiJcng ndm gdn ddy, bdn d6 3D duuc xdy dung ngdy cdng nhieu cho

m cdc khu thi hudng tdi cung cdp d& lieu nen phuc vu cho cdng tdc qudn .M^ ly thi, Cdng nghe Lidar ddn trd nen phd cdp hem cUng vdi dnh viin tham do phdn gidi cao bd tru cho vd md khd ndng ndng cao chi tiet cua cdc ddi tUffng dng dung bdn dd 3D Trong bdi cdnh dd, di tdi nghien cdu khoa hgc cdp bd "Nghien cum dng dung d& lieu Lidar vd dnh viin thdm phdn gidi cao de xdy dung bdn dd 3D phuc vu qudn ly dd thi" dd duac trien khai thuc hien, thdi gian 2010-2011 De tdi dat hai muc tieu chinh: "De xudt ndi dung bdn dd 3D phuc vu qudn ly dd thi" vd "Xdy dimg qui trinh cdng nghi thdnh lap ban dd 3D tUdii:lieu Lidar vd dnh vien thdm phdn gidi cao'*

Di tai tidn hanh cac nghien cap nhdt thudng xuydn don

cdu 1^ thuyet vl co sd khoa hgc cua ban dd 3D cu the la: Nguydn tie thi hidn, chuan dG lidu qudc te, cdc ngudn dG lieu va phdn mdm cd the su dung cho Idp ban d6 3D Song song dd, de tdi tie'n hanh khao sat cdc Gng dung cua ban dd 3D cdc Knh vuc quan ly dd thj va mdt sd san p h ^ ban dd 3D ddc trung trdn the gidi vd d nudc ta Ke't qua nghien cdu khao sat cho thdy xu hudng chi'nh cua cac du an xdy dung ban dd 3D: Ban dd 3D nhu phdn cua tdng cO sd dO lieu dia ly qudc gia vdi mGc dd chi tie't khdng cao, khdng nhdm cu thi vao nhdm ngudi dung hay ling dung ndo Nhung mat khac san ph^m dugc xdy dung phu trum tidn didn rdng mdt each cd he thdng kem theo ddy chuyin cdng nghe, qui trinh va ddi ngu can bd cho cdng tac

i quan ly ban dd qudc gia dam nhiem nhdm bao dam tfnh dn djnh cua san ph^m ban dd chinh qui

San phdm ban dd 3D cua cdc phd ldn, ddy la xu hudng chinh cua ban dd 3D San ph^m d mGc dd chi tiet cao hon Hdu het cdc phd Idn cua cdc nudc phdt triln diu da tien hanh xdy dung ban dd 3D khoang thdi gian 10 nam trd lai ddy hudng tdi cac Gng dung quan ly dd thj ma chu ydu la qui hoach, xdy dung, cdp thodt nudc, quan 1^ tdng, quan ly mdi trucmg Ngudi dung chu ydu la cdc don vj tham gia cac ITnh vuc quan ly dd thj va tdng Sau dugc hoan thien ldn ddu, san ph^m dugc dua vao sG dung, qui trinh cdp nhdt va trdch nhidm cdp nhdt nhiiu trudng hgp khdng rd Hlng

Cac san phdm ban dd 3D vdi dng dung du ljch va ddn dudng trdn cac trang Web ldn Ddy la san ph^m hudng tdi nhdm ngudi ddng phd thdng rd't ddng dao San phdm phu tren dien rdng, dd chi tidt cao ddng thdi cung cdp giao didn tuong tdc ngudi dung rdt td't

Cudi cung la cac san p h ^ ban dd 3D hudng dd'n cdc Gng dung cu the, nhieu la du an nghien cdu Ddy cd th^ coi la cdc san ph^m ban d6 3D don chiec theo du an, mdc dd chi tidt kha da dang, theo yeu cdu tGng ling dung, lugng ngudi dung hep, ft quan tdm den vdh d^ cdp nhdt

Dd'i vdi dd lieu Lidar va anh vidn thdm phdn giai cao, dd tai tie'n hdnh cac nghidn cGu CO sd khoa hgc song song vdi thuc nghiem nham xdy dung phuong phdp xG ly va chie't tdch thdng tin tG hai ngudn dd lieu

ndy cho cac nfii dung ciia ban dd 3D Cdc nfii dung nghidn cdu chinh bao gdm cdc phuong phdp: Chidt tdch thfing tin vd Idp phu bd mat til anh cuiftig dd phan hfii, dO lidu dfi cao vd anh vidn thdm; ndn tnic giao dnh ve tinh dfi phan giai cao va dnh mdy bay chup dfing thdi sit dung dii lidu didm Lidar; tdi tao mfi hinh mdi nha va xdc djnh chidu cao cdc dfii tugng tir dii lieu didm Lidar Kdt hgp vdi cdc thiir nghidm nhd, dd tdi due nit cdc qui trinh chi tidt phan dnh cdc phuong phdp ndy

Dua tren cdc kdt qud nghien cihi hai linh vuc trdn, nhdm nghidn cdu dd xudt ndi dung ciia ban dd 3D cho

cdc dng dung qudn 1^ dd thj vd qui trinh thdnh lap phii hgp vdi tinh hinh dO lieu vd didu kidn cdng nghe ciia nudc ta

Day la sdn phdm ban dd sd cung cdp dii lieu ndn co ban cho cdc ling dung qudn \^ dd thj trdn ndn phdn mdm ArcScene, ArcGis Desktop Trong dd nhdm ndi dung chinh la nha va khd'i nhd dugc thd hidn d mile dd chi tidt khdc nhau, miic dd chi tidt cao nhdt ndm gitta chudn vd L0D2 vd LOD3 theo chudn CityGML, nghTa Id nhd dugc thd hien cd cdu tnic mdi, dugc ddn anh mdi vd ddn anh bd mat Dd cao mdi nhd dugc xac djnh tir dii lidu didm Lidan Vd hinh thdc the hidn, ban dfi

3D nghieng vd hidn thj hinh anh thuc vdi viec sd dung tdi da dnh vidn thdm true giao dd thd hidn bd mat mat da't cung nhu hinh anh mdi nhd Vd cdu tnic CSDL, thude tinh cua dtt lieu bdn dd 3D thira kdcdc qui djnh hien hdnh vd CSDL ndn dia If 1/ 2000, 1/ 5000 cho'khu vuc dd thj vd bd sung cdc ddi tugng, thude tfnh dac trung cia ban dd 3D Cu thd Id:

Ban dd 3D cho khu vuc dd thj Id san phdm ban dd chinh qui cho cdc khu dd thj vdi miic dd chi tidt tuong duong vdi ty 16 ban dd 1/ 2000 ddng vai trd li thdnh phdn ciia he thfing tdng thfing tin dja ly qufic gia Day la dang ban dfi sfi tren ndn phdn mdm ArcScene ciia ArcGis Ban dfi 3D thd hi6n dir lieu hidn trang ndn dja hinh khu vuc dfi thi Dii lieu cdu ban dd 3D vd CO ban man theo cac qui djnh vd dii lidu GIS ndn dja ly ty 16 1/ 2000-1/ 5000 hien hanh Cac dii lieu rieng co cua ban dd 3D khac biet vdi ndn dja ly ndi trdn dugc qui djnh chi tidt them

Ndi dung cilng nhu cdch thd bidn cua san phdm duoc xdc djnh dira trdn muc dich cung cdp ndn ban dfi 3D hudng tdi cdc ling dung quan 1^ dd thj, ddu tidn la quan ly qui hoach v^ xay dung Ndi dung ciia ban dd 3D ndn cd thd dugc md rfing them cdc Idp chuyen dd cho cdc ling dung chuyfin nganh khac nhu quan ly tndi trudng, he thfing tdng, truydn thfing, du ljch

Miic dfi chi tidt cung nhu cdch thd hien ciia ban dfi 3D dugc qui djnh tham khao thang

c h u ^ qudc td cd dieu chinh cho phii hgp vdi tinh hinh thuc te' dd thj cung nhu di^u kidn dG lieu cua nudc ta ap dung nguydn tac san ph^m ban dd 3D vdi nhidu mdc dd chi tiet (MuItiLod) cho dG lieu khd'i nha MGc dd chi tidt cao nhd't cua ban dd 3D la nam giGa L0D2 va L0D3 theo chu^n CityGML

Ve hinh thGc th^ hidn va ky hieu hda ddi tugng nghieng v^ xu hudng th^ hidn bdng hinh anh thuc Tang td'i da viec sG dung anh true giao va anh chup bd mat cac ddi tugng

De tai da xdy dung qui trinh Idp ban dd 3D tG du lidu Lidar va anh vi^n tham dd phdn giai cao dua trdn cac nghien cGu ly thuye't, cac kd't qua thuc nghidm va kinh nghiem cua tG cac du an xdy dung ban dd 3D dd thj trdn the'

gidi Qui trinh ndy dugc thd nghiem vdi dG lidu Lidar mdt dd trung binh khu vuc TP Bdc Giang va dugc hodn thien d sd chi tidt Qui trinh thdnh Idp gdm 27 budc bdt ddu vdi dO lidu Lidar da dugc giai ma vd anh vidn thdm dd phdn giai cao dua CO ban tren nhdm phdn mdm: MicroStation vd TerraScan cho qud trinh xix ly va chie't tdch thdng tin ban tu ddng tG dG lieu Lidar; SketchUp cho Idp md hinh nhd mGc dd chi tie't cao; ArcScene, ArcGIS cho td chdc dG lieu dja ly n^n vd hi^n thj t6ng hgp cud'i cung san ph^m ban dd

So qui trinh lap ban dd 3D dd thi tG dG lieu Lidar va anh vien tham phan giai cao

Qua trinh thG nghiem xdy dung ban dd 3D tai mdt khu vuc cua TP Bdc Giang vdi ke't

qua kha quan da khdng dinh tinh kha thi cua ndi dung ban dd vd qui trinh thdnh Idp da di xud't di^u kien cdng nghd nudc ta ThG nghiem cung cho thd'y viec xG 1^ bdn tu ddng dG lidu didm Lidar vd bien tdp cac ndi dung ban dd 3D la khdi lugng cdng vide ldn hon rdt nhi^u so vdi xdy dung ban dd va CSDL 2D truydn thdng

Dd tdi da dat dugc hai muc tieu chfnh da d^ ra, kdt qua cua

di tdi cd thi dugc dp dung rdng

rai di thdnh Idp ban dd 3D cho cdc dd thj nudc ta vd phdi hgp vdi dja phuong di dua vao Gng dung true tidp cac cdng tac quan 1^ dd thj Dd tai cung md cdc hudng nghien cGu mdi cdn dugc quan tdm

Dudi ddy la mdt so hinh dnh minh hga tie sdn phdm hdn do 3D thd nghiem khu vtfc TP Bdc Giang.'

Nha LOD3 - Khdch san Bdc Giang

^ fer

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^^^xxwm

Nha L0D2

Nhd LODl, cay dfic lap va cac thiet bj dudng phfi