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32(2), 706 775 Tap chf CAC KHOA HOC v i TRAI BAT 6 2010 DANH GIA HIEN TRANG VA PHAN VUNG CANH BAO NGUY CO TRUOT L 6 DAT THANH PHO DA NANG PHAM VAN HUNG, NGUYSN XUAN HUYEN I M 6 DAU quan trgng ve an ni[.]
32(2), 706-775 Tap chf CAC KHOA HOC v i TRAI BAT 6-2010 DANH GIA HIEN TRANG VA PHAN VUNG CANH BAO NGUY CO TRUOT L DAT THANH PHO DA NANG PHAM VAN HUNG, N G U Y S N XUAN HUYEN I M DAU Phdn ddt lidn cua phd Da N&ig ndm d 15°55'20" ddn 16°14'10" vy dd Bdc, 107°18'30" de'n 108°20'00" kinh dd Ddng (hinh 7), cd vi tri rat quan trgng ve an ninh qud'c phdng va la trgng diem kinh te ciia ca nude Tuy nhien, nhiing nam gdn day, Da Nang phai ehiu nhieu thiet hai trugt Id dat (TLD) gay nen vdi quy md cang ldn, miic thiet hai cang tang Hinh So dd vi tri khu vuc nghien ciiu Thanh phd Da Ndng cd nhidu didu kien tu nhien, xa hdi thuan lgi cho phdt tridn kinh te - xa hdi (KT-XH), nhung cQng gap khdng it nhiing khd khan Nam viing cd dae diem dia hinh, dia 106 chat phan di phiic tap ; hau nhiet ddi gid mila vdi lugng mua ldn, tap trung nhung thang miia mua, dd la nhiing dieu kien thuc day tai bien dia chdt phat trien, dae biet la TLD Cdng tnnh Oinh bdy cac kdt qua nghien cuu budc ddu lam sang td hien trang, phan vimg canh bao nguy cd TLD lam ca sd khoa hgc cho quy hoach phat Uidn bdn viing KT-XH va bao ve mdi trudng tren dia ban phd Da Nang II PHUONG PHAP NGfflEN CUU De danh gia hien trang va phan viing canh bao nguy ca TLD, cae phuang phap dp dung bao gdm : phuang phap phan tfch anh vidn tham, phuang phap khao sat thuc dia, phuang phdp phan tich tdng hgp, phan tich so sanh cap va phan tich khdng gian mdi trudng He thdng tin dia ly (GIS) Phan tich anh vidn tham duge iing dung de giai doan vi tri cac khdi trugt tren dia ban nghien ciiu, Phudng phdp khao sat thuc dia la chii dao duge iing dung dd nghien ciiu danh gia hien trang vd cdc ydu td tac ddng phat sinh TLD Cdc tai lieu phan tfch vidn tham va thu thap dugc thdi gian qua da dinh hudng cho cdng tdc khao sat thuc dia Ngoai thuc dia, tien hanh ve chi tidt, xac dinh quy md, cac dae trung ciia khdi trugt va nhiing yeu to tac ddng phdt sinh TLD Tut dd cho phep ddnh gia hien trang, didn bidn eua qua trinh trugt Id tren dia bdn phd Da Ndng Phuang phap phan tfch so sanh cap [4, 5] dugc iing dung nham xac dinh vai trd ciia timg ydu td va tiing yeu td tdng hgp cae yeu td tac ddng phat sinh TLD tren ca sd cho diem va tinh trgng sd Phuang phap phan tich khdng gian mdi trudng GIS da dugc dp dung de xay dung ban dd phan viing canh bdo nguy ca TLD Ban dd nguy co trugt Id ddt dugc xay dung dua tren su hieu biet ve cac chuyen ddng phiic tap tren sudn vd cdc yeu td gay trugt Id [1, 5] Viec khoanh ve cac khu vuc hien thdi chua bi tac ddng ciia trugt Id dat dugc dua tren gia dinh rdng, qua tnnh trugt Id tuong lai se didn ciing mdt didu kien vdd cac vu trugt Id ddt quan sat duge da xdy trude dd Viec vach ranh gidi cua cac viing nguy co trugt Id xua't phat til xac suat xdy hien tugng, tit su xdy cac chuydn ddng va viec dinh vi cac dich ehuyen dua tren hieu bidt ve cac yeu td kem dn dinh thiic day qua trinh trugt nhu: dd'c, dae didm vd phong hod, dae tinh dia chdt cdng trinh cia ddt da dae diem dia chat thuy van, lugng mua ming bln!i nam, hoat ddng pha hiiy cua diit gdy hoat ddng va cac hoat ddng KT-XH ciia ngudi Mat khde, viec dinh lugng cap nguy co TLD la ket qua : Ja sii tich IQy cac ye'ii td tdc ddng phdt sinh' t; dugc tinh theo cdng thiic sau [1,5]: H=Sw7 £4/Trong do: H - Id chi so nhay cdm, Wj - Id sd cua ye'u tdthicj, JSj - Id gid tri cua lap thic i yeu tdgdy trU0j Viec tich hgp thdng tin mdi trudng GIS vdi phuang phap phan tich da bidn da cho phep xay dung ban dd canh bdo nguy co trugt Id dat tren dia ban phd Da Nang Nhu vay, phuang phdp khao sat thuc dia ket hgp vdi phan tieh cdc du lieu vidn tham la quan trgng, bdi le cd xac lap chi tiet hien trang tai bien TLD mdt each day du thi mdi phan vUng canh bao nguy ca TLD dat chinh xac cao, phii hgp vdi thuc tidn didn Phuang phdp phan tich khdng gian mdi trudng GIS de phan viing canh bdo nguy ca TLD ed thd se dem lai hieu qua cao, dap iing dugc nhu cdu thuc tiin dat ra, lam co sd khoa hgc cho phan viing quy hoach phat trien ben vOng KT-XH phd Da Ndng III DAC DIEM HIEN TRANG VA PHAN VUNG CANH BAO NGUY CO T R U O T L DAT DA NANG / Hien trang truat Id ddt Tren dia ban phd Da Ndng, hien trang trugt Id ddt didn rdt phiic tap, chii yeu d huyen midn niii Hoa Vang va ban dao Son Tra Kdt qua didu tra nghien ciiu da xac lap dugc tren 110 khdi trugt Chung tap trung d mdt so khu vuc, hinh nhiing dai cd mat khdi trugt ldn Cac khdi trugt phan bd theo dang tuyen, hinh dai cac khdi trugt vdi mat ldn nhu : dai tut Hoa Lien de'n Hoa Bic, tii Ddc Kidn de'n Ngam Ddi vd dai dgc mydn dudng Hoang Sa tren ban dao Son Tra Dai chay dai tut Hoa Bdc den Hoa Lien (chii ydu tap trung dgc hai ben sudn thung liing sdng Cu De) ed mat dd khdi trugt thudc loai ldn, dat - khdi trugt/kml Phdn ldn cac khdi Uugt deu thudc loai quy md tii trung binh ddn ldn (dnh 1, 2) Dae biet, tai Quan Nam Ba, xa Hod Lien phan bd khdi trugt cd kich thudc rat ldn Dai tii Ddc Kjen vd den Ngdm Ddi (dgc thung lung sdng Ld Ddng) thudc xa Hoa Phii, huyen Hoa Vang cd mat khdi trugt ldn, dat - khdi trugt/km^ Tai day da ghi nhdn khdi trugt cd quy md ldn va rat ldn (dnh 3) d chan Dd'c Kien va Mang Chua.(xa Hod Phu) Dai dgc tuydn dudng Hoang Sa (tren ban dao Son Tra) cd mat khdi trugt ldn, dat 10 - 12 khdi truat/kml 107 Tai day da ghi nhan khdi trugt Id cd quy md rat ldn (dnh 4) Ngoai ra, tren dai cdn didn nhieu khdi trugt cd quy md til nhd de'n trung binh phan bd d ca phia nam va bdc cua ban dao Son Tra Anh Khdi trugt cd toa dd : 108,0914 KDD va 16,10455 VDB d Quan Nam Ba, xa Hod Lien Anh Pham Van Hiing Anh Khdi Uugt cd tga : 107,9478 KDD va 16,12527 VDB ndm d sudn thung lung sdng Cu Dd), phfa bdc deo Miii Chau thudc xa Hod Bdc Anh Pham Van Himg W^^^m ''^WmS^^K^t •^_ - , g tmJik ',)*, ,* ^^^H|^^«fl^^^^^^^^H^B^^^^^^^^gy^^^^^^^^^^^^| Anh Khdi trugt cd tga dd : 108,0053 KDD va 15,96117 VDB nam: chan ddc Kien, xa Hoa Phii, huyen Hoa Vang Anh Pham Van Hiing 108 Anh Khdi trugt cd tga dg : 108,2752 KDD va 16,10097 VDB nam d phia bac dudng Hoang Sa, thudc phudng Thg Quang, quan Son Tra Anh Pham Van Hiing Phdn ldn cac diem trugt Id ddu diin thdi gian mila mua, tii thdng de'n thang 11 Trong thdi gian nay, trugt Id xay manh me khdng ehi vd quy md khdng gian ma ca kich thudc khdi trugt Phdn ldn chiing deu xay nhieu ldn, cang cd xu hudng tang len ca ve quy md va kich thudc Phdn ldn cac khdi trugt deu phdt trien d nhiing noi dat da bi ea ndt, xidt ep, vd vun va dinh kdt yeu Ngodi ra, trugt Id ddt thudng tap trung d nhiing noi cd dd dd'c sudn tii 25° - 35° va 35°- 45°, nhiing noi cd dia hinh phan di phiic tap, phan cdt manh me Phdn viing cdnh bdo nguy ca truat la ddt thdnh phdDd Ndng Dd nghien ciiu phan viing canh bao nguy co TLD dat dugc dd tin cay cao, phan anh thuc trang ciia qud trinh da va dang didn tren bd mat Trai Ddt, nhiem vu quan trgng la ngodi nghien ciiu ehi tidt hien trang, cdn phai nghien ciiu danh gia vai trd ciia cdc ye'u td tac ddng phat sinh TLD a Cac yeu to tac dong phat sinh truat Id dat Tdng hgp ket qua phan tich tai lieu va khao sat chi tiet TLD tren dia ban phd Da Nang eho tha'y, cdc yeu td ddng vai trd quan trgng tdc dgng phdt sinh TLD bao gdm : cdc ydu td dia mao, dia chdt, kien tao, hau thuy van va hoat ddng KT-XH cua ngudi Trong dd ndi len ydu td quan trgng hon ea la ddc sudn va lugng mua Dd dd'c sudn la yeu td quan trgng nhdt Uong trugt id da't khdng chi tren dia ban phd Da Ndng ma d ndi khac cung vay Ydu td dd dd'c da tdc ddng q" •'^i dinh true tie'p den TLD Phan ldn dien tich '" 1^0^ Vang va ban dao San Tra cd dd'c sudn tii 25°-35° ddn 35°-45° eac bac dd'c nay, TLD xay vdi mat va quy md khdi trugt thudc vao loai ldn nhat Tiep theo, miic TLD it hon didn d bac dd'c 15°-25° Do dd, phan tich md'i quan he giiia trugt Id va dd'c cho thdy, vai trd cua yeu to la quan trgng nhdt trugt Id d phd Da Ndng vd cho diem Ydu td lugng mua la quan trgng thd hai sau ydu td dd dd'c Theo thdng ke nhidu nam cho thdy, mua d trdn dia ban phd Da Nang tap trung tit thang ddn thang 11 Trugt Id ciing tap trung xudt hien thdi gian Didu cho thdy, mua Id yeu to quan trgng, gdn lidn vdi qua tnnh TLD Tdng hgp, phan tich hien trang TLD vdi lugng mua trung binh nam cho tha'y, phdn ldn cac khdi trugt ldn va rat ldn phan bd d khu vuc cd lugng mua tii 2800 den 3200 mm/nam ; tiep theo la d khu vuc ed lugng mua tren 3200 mm/nam va dudi 2800 mm/nam Do dd, phan tich vai trd cua lugng mua trung binh nam vdi TLD cho thay, vai trd eua yeu td quan trgng thii hai va cho diem Yeu td vd phong hod cd vai trd quan trgng tie'p theo phdt sinh trugt Id ddt Qua trinh phong hoa tren dia ban phd Da Nang phdt tridn khd manh, hinh kidu vd phong hoa ferosialit cd chieu day ldn, nhieu noi dat tii 25 m de'n 30 m Phdn ldn cac khdi trugt cd quy md tut ldn ddn rdt ldn phan bd tren kieu vd phong hod Mdt phan cdc khdi ttugt cd quy md tii nhd ddn trung binh phan bd tren cdc kidu vd phong hoa sialferit, sialit, feralit Do dd, ydu td ndy cd vai trd nha't dinh phat sinh TLD vd cho diem Yeu td dia chdt cdng trinh la ye'u td cd vai trd thii tidp theo phat sinh ttugt Id ddt Do bdn viing ciia ddt dd trdn dia ban phd Da Ndng la rdt khde 109 Trong dd, phai ke ddn trdm tieh bd rdi, tram tich luc nguyen la eac nhdm da hinh thdnh cdc nhdm khoang vat linh ddng, dfnh kdt kem, thudc loai dd nita ciing, dd rdt nhay cam vdi trugt Id Da vdi cd dae tinh rieng, chii ydu phat tridn qua trinh phong hod hod hgc Kdt qua khao sat TLD cho thdy, cac khdi trugt lai chu ydu phan bd tren tram tich bd rdi, da luc nguyen va granit Do dd, vai trd ciia ydu td cho diem Ydu td ddi anh hudng ddng luc diit gdy cd vai trd nha't dinh phat sinh TLD Nhiing ddi dut gdy bac ed miic phd hiiy manh me nhdt, ddi anh hudng ddng luc rdng nhdt [3] Tuy nhien, trdn nhiing ddi phan bd phd bie'n cac khdi trugt cd kich thudc nhd de'n trung binh Tren nhiing ddi diit gdy bac cao, nhiing khdi trugt tut ldn ddn rdt ldn didn ca vd quy md va tan suat xuat hien Nhu vay, ddi anh hudng ddng luc diit gdy, boat ddng trugt Id cd didu kien phdt trien manh hon Da't da d ngoai ddi anh hudng ddng luc diit gdy bdn ehdc hon, nen trugt Id xdy d miic rdt thdp Tuy nhien, phan ldn cdc khdi trugt Id cd quy md tut ldn de'n rdt ldn chu ydu phan bd dgc cac dirt gdy bac 2, bae Trong pham vi hoat ddng ciia diit gdy bac 1, TLD didn yeu han ca vd quy md ldn mat khdi trugt Chinh vi vay, ydu to cd vai trd nhat dinh va cho diem Yeu to mat dd diit gdy ciing tUdng tu nhu vai trd cua ydu td ddi anh hudng ddng luc diit gdy Nhiing ndi mat diit gdy ldn da gdp phan pha huy dat da kha manh, lam cho ben vung ciia ddt dd kem Mat khac, mat dd dut gdy cang ldn, ddt da cang bi pha hiiy manh, cang thuan lgi cho qua trinh phong hod phdt trien manh, nude mua ed didu kien tha'm sau va iam cho ddt dd cang ed dinh kdt ydu Tuy nhien, tren thue td, TLD didn ra, phd bie'n ddi mat diit gdy trung binh Tren dai mdt diit gdy ldn chii yeu phan bd khdi trugt cd quy md nhd de'n trung binh Do dd, phan tieh vai trd ciia ydu td mat dut gdy vdi TLD cho thay, ye'u to cd vai trd nha't dinh va cho diem Vai trd cua ydu td dia cha't thiiy van tac ddng phdt sinh trugt Id ddt the hien d miic chiia nude ngdm, hoat ddng dao ddng ciia muc nude ngdm ddng vai trd dang ke ddi vdi TLD Tuy nhien, tren dia ban phd Da Nang, nhiing ddi chiia nude trung binh va gidu nude, TLD didn thap ca vd quy md va mat dd khdi trugt TLD chii ydu didn tren nhiing ddi ngheo nude Do dd, phan tich md'i quan he cua ydu td dia chat thiiy van vdi TLD, cho ydu td didm Ydu td phan cat ngang cd vai trd nhat dinh phat sinh vd phdt trien trugt Id Tren 110 phd Da Ndng phan bd cac bac ed mat dd chia cat ngang 4,8 - 6,0 km/km', 3,6 - 4,8, 2,4 - 3,6 km/km^; 1,2 - 2,4 km/km' va 0,0 - 1,2 km/kml Trong dd, cac khdi trugt chii ydu phan bd d vimg cd mat dd chia cat ngang nhd va Uung binh Do dd, phan tich vai Ud ciia mat dd chia cdt ngang vdi TLD cho thay, ydu td cd vai trd nhat dinh vd cho diem Ydu td ldp phu thuc vat la ydu td thii ydu trugt Id ddt Tren phd Da Ndng phan bd cac bac cd che phu gdm : dan cu va ehe phii nhd hon 20 %, 20 - 45 %, 45 - 70 %, 70 - 95 % va 95 % TLD didn chu ye'u d viing cd che phii trung binh Chinh vi the, phan tfch vai trd ciia che phu rtoig vdi TLD cho thdy, ydu td cd vai trd nhdt dinh va cho didm Nhu vay, tren co sd phan tich hien trang da cho phep danh gid vai trd ciia chin ydu td tae ddng ddn phdt sinh TLD d thdnh phd Da Ndng va cho didm theo thang diem dd nguy co TLD (bdng 1) Bdng Danh gia cho diem cac ye'u to phat sinh trirot \a tren dia ban Da Ning Diem Yeu td Diem Dd Dctv Lm Md(Jg Vph MiJcn D6\ Dcptv Dcct Ye'u td Chu thfch : Dd - Do dd'c, Lm - Lugng mua, Vph Vd phong hda, Ddi - Ddi anh hudng ddng luc dut gdy, Dcct - Dia chat cdng trinh, Dctv - Dia chat thiiy van, Mddg - Mat diit gdy, Mdcn - Mdt dd chia cdt ngang, Dcptv - Do che phu thuc vat TLD hinh va phat tridn mdt he can bang md vdi cac md'i tuong tdc ciia nhidu ydu td phdn gay Miic anh hudng ciia cdc ydu td quydt dinh trugt Id khac va dugc ddnh gia dua tren viec xay dung mdt ma tran so sanh cdc cap ydutd[4, 5] Tren ca sd bang diem cho cac ye'u td gay nen TLD, trgng sd dugc xac dinh bang phuang phap phan tich cdp bae Viec tinh trgng sd thd hien vai trd quan trgng ciia tiing ydu td qua viec lap ma tran so sdnh tuong quan cap giiia cac ydu td va tinh trgng sd phdn mdm chuyen dung (bdng 2) Bang Ma tran so sanh cap va so cua cac yeu to tac dpng phat sinh truot lo da't Da Nang Yeu td Dd Lm Ddi Vph Mddg Dcct Dctv Mdcn Dcptv Trong sd Dd 1,285 1,800 1,800 3,000 1,800 3,000 9,000 9,000 0,234 Lm 0,778 1,400 1,400 2,333 1,400 2,333 7,000 7,000 0,182 Ddi 0,556 0,714 1,000 1,667 1,000 1,667 5,000 5,000 0,130 Vph 0,556 0,714 1,000 1,667 1,000 1,667 5,000 5,000 0,130 Mddg 0,333 0,428 0,600 0,600 0,600 1,000 3,000 3,000 0,078 Dcct 0,556 0,714 0,701 1,000 1,667 1,667 5,000 5,000 0,130 Dctv 0,333 0,428 0,600 0,600 1,000 0,600 3,000 3,000 0,078 Mdcn 0,111 0,143 0,200 0,200 0,333 0,200 0,333 1,000 0,026 Dcptv 0,111 0,143 0,200 0,200 0,333 0,200 0,333 1,000 0,026 b Ket qua phan vung canh bao nguy ca trugt Id dat Da NSng Nhiem vu nghien cuu tai bidn trugt Id cho mdi viing ddu ddi hdi san pham eudi ciing la ban dd phan vUng canh bdo nguy co TLD Nguyen tdc chung phan viing nguy co trugt Id la ddnh gid cac ye'u td tac ddng vd miic dd tdc ddng cua timg ydu td Ban dd phan viing canh bdo nguy ca TLD phd Da Ndng dugc xay dung tren co sd eua cdc phep phan tich khdng gian mdi trudng GIS Ban dd nguy ca trugt Id gid tri sd la mdt ban dd cd rat nhieu gia tri khac Ban dd canh bao nguy CO trugt Id phd Da Ndng dugc lap tren CO sd tich hgp chin ban dd nguy ca trugt Id theo chin ydu td (ban dd nguy co trugt Id phdn) dua vao cdng nghe GIS Trgng sd cdc ban dd canh bao nguy ca trugt Id phd Da Ndng vd khu vuc trgng diem dugc xdc dinh bang phuang phap phan tich cdp bac Saaty va gia tri LSI dugc tinh nhu sau : phu thuc vdt, Bd_Dcct - Bdn dia chdt cong trinh, Bd_Vph - Bdn vo phong hod Kdt qua xir ly tich hgp ban dd bang phdn mdm chuyen dung la ban dd gid tri sd vdi mdi pixel dien tieh cd mdt gid tri LSI tuang iing theo cdng thiic tren De xay dung ban dd canh bao nguy ca trugt Id, cdn phan chia cdc gia tri LSI tren ban 66 gia tri sd nam cap nguy cd dua theo dudng cong tich liiy xdc sudt : cdp nguy co rat thap nhd hon 2,95, cdp nguy ca thdp 2,95 - 4,37, cdp nguy co trung binh 4,37 - 5,79, cdp nguy ca cao 5,79 - 7,21 va cap nguy co rdt cao tren 7,21 Vdi cac khoang gid tri LSI nhu tren, ban dd phan viing canh bao nguy CO trugt Id dat thdnh phd Da Nang dugc lap vdi nam cdp nguy ca (hinh 2) Khu vuc cd nguy cd trugt Id rdt cao vd cao phan bd tuf Dd'c Kien den Ngdm Ddi thudc xa Hod Phii; xung quanh khu nghi mat Ba Nd thugc cac xa Hoa Phii vd Hod Ninh ; dgc thung lung sdng Cu De thudc cdc xa Hod Bac va Hoa Lien ; phia nam deo Hai Van thudc quan Lien Chieu va rai rac d tren ban dao San Trd thudc phudng Thg Quang Khu LSI (H) = 0,234 X Bd_Dd + 0,182 x Bd_Lm vuc cd nguy ca trugt Id tmng binh phan bd tuong -I- 0,078 X Bd_Dctv -i- 0,078 x Bd_Mddg -h 0,130 ddi rdng d phia tay phd Da NSng, xung X Bd_Ddl -^• 0,026 x Bd_Mdcn + 0,026 x Bd_Dcptv quanh ban dao San Tra va mii Bd Na Khu vuc cd -H 0,130 X Bd_Dcct + 0,130 X Bd_Vph nguy CO trugt Id thdp phan bd d viing ddi phia tay Trong : LSI - Chi sd nhay cdm truat Id, ddng bang ven bien, dgc thung liing sdng Tuy Loan, luu sdng Ld Ddng Khu vuc cd nguy co Bd Dd - Bdn do ddc, Bdjm - Bdn luang mua trugt Id rdt thdp phan bd d vilng ddng bang ven bidn trung Ivnh ndm, BdJ)ctv - Bdn dia chdt thuy thudc cac xa Hod San, Hoa Khuong, Hoa Trung va vdn, Bd_Mddg-Bdn mat dia gdy, BdJDdlcac quan Hai Chau, Ngu Hanh Son, Lien Chieu va Bdn dr -''ji dong lUc dirt gdy, Bd_Mdcn - Bdn Thanh BQie (bdng 3) fyiQi ihia cat ngang, Bd_Dcptv-Bdn do che Ill Hinh Ban phan vilng nguy co trugt Id phd Da Nang Bang Thong ke dien tich (ha) cap dp nguy co trupt Id o Da Nang Cdp d6 nguy c0 Rat thap Thdp Trung binh Cao Rat cao Don vi hanh chfnh (Quan, huy6n) Hoa Vang 17746,25 14764,75 36271,00 8015,75 120,50 Hai Chau 2420,25 Lien Chieu 4483,00 1254,00 KET LUAN Tai bie'n trugt Id ddt da va dang didn bidn, phdt trien rdt phiic tap, gdm 111 diem trugt Id cd quy md ldn nhd khac Trong dd, cd tdi 20 khdi trugt cd quy md tii ldn ddn rat ldn Phdn ldn cac khdi trugt didn tren vd phong hod dd granit va tram tich bidn chdt, trdm tich bd rdi deluvi vd proluvi Nhiing khdi trugt cd quy md ldn chu ye'u didn ldp vd phong hoa ferosialit ddy de'n 112 Ngii Hanh Son 3989,00 17,75 Son Tra 1182,25 593,25 2637,50 750,00 251,00 Thanh Khe 894,50 hang chuc met va tram tich bd rdi deluvi, proluvi Cdc khdi trugt cd quy md rdt ldn va xudt hidn nhidu ldn phan bd tap trung d Dudng Hodng Sa, bai Nam vd bai Bac (bdn dao Son Trd), Dd'c Kidn (xa Hod Phu), Quan Nam Ba (xa Hod Lien), deo Miii Chau (xa Hod Bdc) Ci phd Da Nang, TLD hinh vd phat tridn yeu td tdc ddng chu yeu Trong dd vai trd cua dd'c vd lugng mua la quan trgng nhdt, tidp theo la cac ydu td dia chat cdng trinh, vd phong hoa, ddi ddng luc dut gdy, mat diit gdy, dia chat thuy van Ngoai ra, cdn cdc ye'u td khde cd vai trd nhdt dinh tdc ddng thiic day TLD nhu : mat chia cat ngang, che phu thuc vat va hoat ddng KT-XH cua cu dan dia phuong Da xay dung dugc ban dd phan vilng nguy co TLD thdnh phd Da Nang vdi cdp nguy ca Khu vuc cd nguy ca trugt Id cao, rat cao phan bd d cac xa Hod Lien, Hoa Bdc, Hod Phu, ban dao San Tra vd deo Hai Van Khu vuc cd nguy co trugt Id trung binh phan bd rai rac d cac xa Hod Son va Hoa Ninh Khu vuc cd nguy co trugt Id thdp vd rdt thdp phan bd d cdc xa Hod Son, Hod Khuong, cdc qudn Lien Chidu, Hai Chau, Cdm Le va Ngii Hanh Son Dd phdng trdnh TLD cd hieu qua cdn ddu tu tang cudng mang ludi du bdo trugt Id, nang cap trang thidt bi, he thdng xil ly thdng tin, thidt lap cdc he thdng canh bao tien tie'n, thdng nhat ciing nhu cac cdng tac cuu hd ciiu nan nhdm giam thieu thiet hai tai bie'n gay [2] Tren pham vi cac khu vuc dan cu, cdng trinh kinh te - xa hdi quan trgng da xdy tai bidn hoae dang hi tai bidn de dga nha't thidt phai cd bien phap phdng tranh cu the Dae biet ddi vdi cdc khu dan cu trudng hgp cd bidu hien didn bidn phiic tap, cdn ed bien phap di ddi dan de'n khu vuc cu an toan hon TAILIEUDAN [1] TRAN VAN DUONG, TRAN TRONG HUE, 2001 : "Phan vdng tai bidn dia chat khu vuc Bdc Trung Bd", Tc Cac Khoa hgc ve Trdi Da't, T 22, 4,416- 422, Ha Ndi [2] LE MUC DICH, 2001 : "Kinh nghiem phdng tranh va kiem sodt tai bie'n dia chdt", Nxb Xay dung Ha Ndi (Dich tit tidng Trung Qud'c) [3] PHAM VAN HUNG, 2001 : "Dae diem boat ddng ciia cdc dut gdy De tii - Hien dai khu vuc Bdc dia khdi Kon Turn", Tc Cdc Khoa hgc vd Trdi Da't, T 22, 4,330-377, Ha Ndi [4] F GUZZETTI, A CARRARA, M CARDINALI, P REICHENBACH, 1999 : "Landslide hazard evaluation : a review of current techniques and their application in a multi-scale study Central Italy", Geomorphology, vol 31,1-4,181-216 [5] SAATY, L THOMAS, 1994 : Fundamentals of decision making and priority theory with analytic hierarchy process Pittsburgh: RWS publications, 527 SUMMARY Landslide status evaluation and landslide hazard zonation for the Da Nang city The landslide occurence in the Da Nang city is strongly affected to the social-economic developent - At least 110 landslide sites were detected during the last few years, among them 20 blocl