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Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe mo ^ NGHIEN CUtJ AP DUNG M P NO VI SAI PHI DIEN TRONG NO MIN DAO LO DA tai Cong ty than Quang Hanh From the comparison and analysis of the advantages and disadvantages bet[.]
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o ^ NGHIEN CUtJ AP DUNG M P NO VI SAI PHI DIEN TRONG NO MIN DAO LO DA tai Cong t y t h a n Quang H a n h From the comparison and analysis of the advantages KS N6NG vier HUNG and disadvantages between electrical delay detonators THS TRjNH DANG HJNG and non-electrical delay ones used drilling and blasting KS od QUANO TUXN operation for driving the whole section of the rock KS PHAM QUANG NAM headings, the authors introduce some initial results of Vign Khoa hgc Cdng nghg Mo • TKV the application of the drilling and blasting technology using non-electrical delay detonators Dat van de: Nhu cau than cho nen kinh te thdi gian tdi la rat Idn, san lupng than tang nhanh va udc dat 44 H- 46 trieu tan vao nam 2010; 49 ^ 52 trieu tan vao nam 2015 Cac md dang san xuat se dupc tri va md rpng nang cao cdng suat, mpt sd md mdi dang dupc quy hoach va lap cac dii an de xay dung dd cd md Nga Hai - Cdng ty than Quang Hanh Khi san lupng khai thac tang se keo theo sd met Id dao tang Cae md cang khai thac xudng sau, nen khdi lupng cac gieng nghieng, gieng ddng, Id bang can phai dao la rat Idn Cdng nghe dao [d hien dang sCr dung tai cac md vdng Quang Ninh ndi chung va Cdng ty TNHH MTV than Quang Hanh -TKV ndi rieng la: dao guong bang khoan nd min, xuc bdc bang may eao da ket hdp vdi thd cdng, van chuyen bang tdi true - xe godng- tau dien hoac sfeip, chdng Id thd cdng Tdc dp dao Id, nang suat lao dpng va cac ehi tieu kinh te ky thuat dat dupc cdn d miic thap Vdi (ieu kien thi edng cang phiic tap, td'c dao Id ddi hdi^ migiay cang cao, khdi lupng cac (iijiStnig IS) can dao cang Idn dang la van de bufc thi^t ddi vdi cae md ham Id hien Hidn nay, viec nSng cao tde dao Id da dang la va'n de can dupc giai quyet nham dap ling yeu eau eda san xua't Theo thdng ke, tdc 66 dao Id da nganh than cdn tuong ddi tha'p (trung binh 40 ddn 50 m/thang) miic CO gidi hoa va trinh tS churc chua cao Tdc 66 dao gieng nghieng va dao chd'ng Id ndi chung phu thudc vao cac yeu td nhii: dieu kien dja cha't ky thuat khu viic Id dao qua, trinh 66 td churc thi edng, miic 66 cd gidi hoa d % chuyen thie't bi, cdng tac khoan nd min, xuc b6c yk van tai Tren co sd nghiirr ciiu, danh gia viec dua kfp nd vi sai phi dien vao cac md ham fd nham dat cac muc tieu saw:: - Phuc vu edng tac nd dam bao an toan, hieu qua,nang tdc 66 dao Id - Nang cao tdc 66 dao eao dudng Id da tren cd sd thiet bj cae md dang sCf dung - Lap hp chieu khoan n€ SUT dung kfp nd vi sai phi di§n ap dung Id da nhim KHCNM SO 7/2010* CNKT HAM LO nang cao hllu q u i edng tie nd - Tfnh toan l i p h0 chilu khoan nd §& dyng kfp n6 vi sai phi dien tSng hiiu qui nd va chat lupng phi V0 dat da Id da, Id dpc via than t f i cac md h i m Id vCing Quing Ninh PhUdng phip nS bing kfp phi dien an toan ham Id td' lau da 6ugc s& dyng nganh md tai cac rnj;6§ tren the gidi Tai Vift Nam phuong phap nd mlr» vJ ssi phi dien da dupc ap dung fal hit* het eae md Id thien cua Tap 6©kn Cdng nghiep Thar? Khosing san Viet Nam Ngoii' phuong phap cung dupc ap dung de thi cdng dao ham tai ra't nhieu cdng trinh thu^ didn tren ca nudc, tdc dd dao Id cao gap 1,6 den 1,8 lani ©& vdi phuong phap nd miiiili tfiiiyen thonsg, can cdr vid thh 'hM sin xua't Tap doan Cdng nghiep Than - khoang saifT V i ^ fftem chd truong dau tu nghi'dn cdii' ap dung cac phuong an khoani nd hpp ly iWr nfs^ (Sa© fe bang, gieng nghl^'JiiS! giso cho Vidn mCM TKV nghien d^,, tm ^ , tsKriit ke va ptegftir^ 4m H^ 1!hi0 T h o n g t i n k h o a hoc c o n g n g h e m o ap dung cdng nghe vao san xua't tai cac md khai thac ham Id Cdng ty TNHH MTV Quang Hanh - TKV da de xua't vdi Vien KHCN md - T K V "Nghien Cliu lap phuong an ky thuat khoan nd hpp ly sd' dung kip nd phi dien ham 16 nham nang cao hieu qua khoan nd va tde 66 dao IP tai gieng nghieng thdng gid md'e (+18 - -172) va dudng Id xuyen via md'c -110 md than Nga Hai Cdng ty TNHH MTV Quang Hanh - TKV" Tren eO sd nay, cdng tac khao sat hien trudng, khoan lay mau, la'y sd lieu de nghien cdu, lap de CUdng da dupc trinh Cue Ky thuat An toan va Cdng ty than Quang Hanh - TKV xem xet, phe duyet Cdng tac pha v6 da't da tai gieng nghieng +18 ^ -172 va Id xuyen via -110 thudc khai trudng Cdng ty TNHfH MTV than Quang Hanh - TKV quan ly van ap dung phUdng phap pha vd da't da bang khoan nd sd' dung kfp vi sai dien, thudc nd P113, thdi gian da'u nd'i mang, nap nd lau nen hieu qua nd cdn tha'p, cha't lupng dap vd da't da chUa td't, xd' ly cam nhieu va md'c dp an toan ehUa cao - Dudng kfnh Id khoan: d,, = 36 ^ 42mm, thiic hien bang may khoan tay hoac xe khoan; De xii ly dUpc cac hien tupng tren can phai thay ddi, dieu ehinh hp chieu khoan nd va vat lieu nd Cu the ap dung kip nd vi sai phi dien va bd tri Id khoan hpp ly de gidp cong tac nd dat dupc hieu qua cao, an toan, giam thieu da qua ed, giam dp vang xa dat da sau nd min, giam 6dgc he sd thC/a tiet dien, tang he sd sd' dung IP min, chat lupng dap vd da't da phu hpp vdi edng tac xdc bdc va van chuyen, gdp phan day nhanh tdc dp dao Id - Phu kien nd: Kfp vi sai phi dien, day nd, moc dau ndi chOr J, bang dfnh, kfp dien, bua min; Ngoai ra, can cai thien 66 chi'nh xac cda ky thuat va cong nghe khoan; ky thuat nd va van de sii dung thudc nd hpp ly', dieu chinh kjp thdi sd 66 nd; td ehiie nhan liie hpp ly va thudng xuyen theo ddi dae diem cua da't da PhUdng phap nd sii dung kip vi sai phi dien de thi edng dao Id da bao gdm cae yeu td sau: -Thudend:P113, P3151; - Day dien; - May nd dien PhUdng phap kich nd: Kip dien dddc ki'ch nd bang may nd dien se truyen xung lupng nd cho day nd, day nd se truyen sdng kfeh nd vao day truyen tin hieu va kfeh nd eho kfp vi sai IP khoan Hinh la sd dd dau ndi sii dung kfp nd vi sai phi dien ham IP tai Cdng ty than Quang Hanh Day nd la phUdng tien nd de tri sdng kfeh nd td' vj trf tdi vj tri khac de kfeh nd dd'i tupng can nd ke tiep Day nd CO kha nang dam bao kfeh nd tdt ta't ca cac loai thudc nd manh (mdi nd TNM-15H, VE05, MN-31, AD1, P113, EE 31, P3151, ) va day truyen tfn hieu nd Sa dau kfp no tren guang Ket cau nap lo Kip vi sai phi difin Day truy6n tin hidu Hinh Sa dau ndi no si/dung kip no phi dien gUOng Id da KHCNM SO 7/2010* CNKT HAM LO Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o Bang Dac tinh ky thuat mgt so loai day no Thudc nd ldi Td^c nd, (m/s) Kha ning chju nudc (h) Kha n3ng chiu nhiet (C) • 6,1 Pent (14g/m) 7000 12h/sau2m -18^+650 Cordtex 3,6 (Uc) 3,9 Pent (3,6g/m) 6500 24h/sau 2m -42++500 Cordtex 3,6 (Uc) 4,65 Pent (lOg/m) 6500 24h/sau 2m -42++500 IDL chju nudc 4,65 Pent (lOg/m) 6800 24h/sau 2m -42-^+500 Day chju nu6c (Trung Qudc) 5,4 Pent (12g/m) 6500 24h/sau 2m -42-r+500 5g/met (Viet Nam) 4,0 Ten (5g/m) 7000 12h/sau2m -28++500 lOg/met (Viet Nam) 5,8 Ten (lOg/m) 7000 12h/sau 2m -28-r+500 12g/met (Viet Nam) 6,2 Ten (12g/m) 7000 12h/sau 2m -28++500 Riocord (USB) 3,8 Pent (6g/m) 7000 12h/sau2m -35++600 Loai day, nudc san xuat Dudng kinh ngoai, mm Day chju nudc (Nga) Ca'u tao Idi cda day nd duoc che tao tii thudc nd Ten (Tetraetyl Nitrat, C5H8(ON02)4) hoac Petn hoac Tetrin (CH2(N02)3NCH9N62) vdi chi dan hudng Chi din hUdng nham phan bd ddng deu thudc Ten tfieo toan bd chieu dai cua day nd Bao ben ngoai Idi thudc la eae spi lanh, spi vai cd tae dung tao 66 ben chju va dap, chiu keo cho day nd De nang eao 66 dn djnh vdi nude, cac Idp ngoai dupc phd bang sap, d Idp ngoai cung cda day nd chju nude 6dgc phu mpt Idp vd Policlovinin Theo cdng sua't, day nd dupc chia lam loai: - Day nd ed edng sua't nhd: Trpng lupng Idi thudc Ten tren 1m dai day 2; 3; 6g; - Day nd cd cdng sua't trung binh: LUdng thudc Ten tren 1m chieu dai day tii 10^20g; - Day nd cd cdng sua't cao: Lupng thudc Ten tren 1m chieu dai day tii 20-^40g Day nd dupc sii dung nd Id thien, ham Id, cdng trudng xay dung, dau khf (trong dieu kien khdng cd khf hoac bui nd) dien ben ngoai hay cae hien tupng tTnh dien Day nd 6dgc kfeh nd bang kfp nd ddt, hoac kfp nd dien hoac kfp nd phi dien Cac kfp 6dgc ghep chat vao day nd bang bang dfnh hoac day budc chac, day cda kfp nd phai hudng theo hudng truyen sdng nd, day nd ed the khdng dupc kfeh nd neu dUa kfp nd theo hudng ngupe lai Khdng dupc de bang dfnh hay bat ky mpt loai vat lieu nao chen vao giCJra kfp nd va day nd Day kfp nd phai budc each dau day nd ft nha't 150 mm de tranh tae dpng cda hdi am tham nhap vao day nd Neu dieu kien bai nd Udt hoac day nd de ngoai trdi thdi gian dai thi nen cat bd mpt doan chiing 0,5+1 m trUdc gan vdi kfp nd Day nd d l sii dung, dUpc ndi vdi bang cac md'i ndi chOr J Day nd khd bj kfeh nd bdi va cham, ma sat hay tac dpng CO hpc khac Day nd khdng bj anh hudng bdi ddng Khi thiic hien cdng tac ghep ndi cac day nd vdi nhau, can that chat tat ca cac nut de dam bao tiep xdc tdt va cat ngan nhiing dau thiia Vdi nhCirng mdi ndi kieu ap ma Day nd sd' dung nd tai nudc ta chd yeu Cdng ty Hoa chat Z21 san xua't Nhiing dac tfnh co ban cda day nd nhu sau: - Dudng kfnh ngoai eda day: 4,8^6,2 mm - Tdc 66 nd: 6500^7200 m/s - Kha nang chju nudc: 12 gid - Kha nang chiu nhiet: (-28H-+50 66 C): 2^6 gid Bang gidi thieu mpt so loai day nd dupc sii dung tren the gidi KHCNM s o 7/2010* CNKT HAM LO Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe mo cha't nd ben se bdc chay ra't nhanh tao mpt tuyen Ilia dn djnh truyen lan vdi tdc 66 khoang 2000 m/s den dau bd phan chay cham kfp nd va ddt chay nd Hien tupng mang tfnh chat song tUdng tu nhu hien tupng nd bui cd the truyen lan dng tfn hieu qua cac chd ud'n, chd gap, ndt that, bude Qua trinh nd d dng dUpc tri bdi mpt lupng rat nhd bpt boat tfnh nen phfa ngoai cda dng gan nhu dupc gid' nguyen va sau dng hoat dpng Nhd vay, dng tfn hieu cd the sii dung vdi hau het cac loai thudc cd 66 nhay cao va khong lam anh hudng den khd'i thudc nd ma dng ed the xuyen qua Hinh Phuang phap dau ndi day ndvdf kip nd Hinh Phuang phap ghep nd'i day nd (nut bugc thuyen hoac nut dgt) hoac van xoan thi chd ghep ndi hudng theo hUdng truyen nd phai < 90° * NhOrng diem can chd y sii dung day nd: - Day nd trudc dem dung phai dupe kiem tra can than ve tinh trang cO hpc, dam bao tfnh nguyen dang ve hinh hpc eung nhu kfeh thude, neu day nd bj dap nat hoac gay, phinh to thi phai loai bd; - Trong mpt mang nd khdng dddc ddng hai loai day nd khac nhau; - TrUde da'u kfp nd vao day nd thi mpi ngUdi phai rdt khdi khu viic nguy hiem trii ngudi cd nhiem vu true tiep da'u day, nd min, chi huy nd min; - Khi dat mang ludi day nd khdng de bj day dap gay hoac eudn vdi Kfp vi sai phi dien ed dac diem ndi bat la qua trinh truyen nang lupng dupe thiie hien dng He thdng bao gdm mpt dng nhiia ed ed tae dung dan tfn hieu va kfp vi sai Day truyen tin hieu cd ca'u tao la mpt dng nhiia, mat cda dng dupc phd mpt Idp bdt chat nd Trimetrilen (3H6N3(N03) vdi mat 66 trang 17 mg/m, 01 kg thudc nd Trimetrilen trang dupe 42 km dng Khi 6Udc kfeh nd bang kfp nd hoac day nd, Idp bdt KHCNM s d 7/2010* CNKT HAM LO Mpt dau cda dng dan tfn hieu dupc kep chat vao kfp- nd nhd mpt ndt kfn Trong kfp nd cd mpt dng ban dan de truyen cac dien tfch tfch tu dng than cda kfp nd ma khdng gay tia liia dien Dau dugc bjt kfn tai xudng san xua't de tranh hdi am tham nhap vao va gan vdi mdc J, the ghi thdi gian vi sai Khdng bao gid dupc cat bd chd gan kfn vi dieu dd cd the lam eho dng tfn hieu khdng dam bao cha't lupng truyen sdng nd Mdc chu J ed tac dung de ndi he thdng day truyen tfn hieu nd vdi day nd mud'n ket hpp hai he thd'ng khdi nd vdi Kfp vi sai gdm mpt lUpng (780 g vdi kfp dudi lo) thudc nd nhdm I (thudng ddng Azit chi), mdt bp phan t r i nd chi va mpt bp phan ngan each ban din dat bat bang nhom hoac kem de nham mue dfeh an toan eao, ed tae dung ngan •u i/AH rw/i',?*i)Jo::' •