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Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo w NGHIEN CUU XAY DlTNG CO SO DU LIEU D|A CO MO PHUC vy NHU CfiU PHRT TRI€N CO GIOI HOH, HI6N Dfll HOfl khai thac than of Viet Nam So far, the mine mechanical database h[.]
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o w NGHIEN CUU XAY DlTNG CO SO DU LIEU D|A CO MO PHUC vy NHU CfiU PHRT TRI€N CO GIOI HOH, HI6N Dfll HOfl khai thac than of Viet Nam So far, the mine mechanical database have been considered as an important factor in investment of the exploratory works, forecasting the geological conditions, determining the mining technological solutions (opening, developing and mining plans ), planning the mining development and reasonably utilizing the natural resources The paper introduces the initial research results on the establishment of the mine geomechanical database for serving the mechanization and modernization development in the coal mining industry in Vietnam Cung nhu cdc khoang san cd ich khic, khoang sang than Id mdt ddi tuang tu nhien da dang vdi hdng loat cac y l u to dia ca md phdc tap, ed anh hudng thuan Igi hoac b i t lai cho cdng tac khai thac md V i n d i dat cdng nghe ngdy cang hoan thien, ea gidi hda khai thac din d i n thay the cac cong doan khai thic thu cdng trudc kia, cd nghTa Id cdng nghe khai thac cang duac hoan thien de thich dng vdi cac dilu kien dia co md von cd tu nhien cua moi khoang sang than Oe tiln hanh ca gidi hda cae qua trinh khai thac, phai nhan biit duac d l i tuang khoang sang than c i n khai thae bao gom, mdc dd tru luang tin cdy, cac y l u t l dja-ky thuat md, sy anh hydng cua cae ylu to dja ca md d i n e6ng nghe khai thac Ndi mpt cdch tong quat la dinh gia tong hap try lygng than theg c i c yeu t l dia - ky thuat md va cac qua trinh dia ca mo x i y qua trinh khai thac Day la van KS PHAM DAI HAI KS DO KIEN CUONG KS NGUYEN THj THANH VAN va nnk Viqn Khoa hgc Cong ngh^ Mo - Vinacomin de tong the, cd anh hydng true tiep tdi hieu qua khai thic cdc khoang sang than oanh gia tdng hgp cac md than l i nghien edu, xem xet lai toan bd su hoat ddng cua mdt md (ham Id vd Id thien) qua cac giai doan Tham dd dia chit, thiet k l xay dung, heat ddng san xuit khai thac, hoat ddng ky thugt-kinh te qudc dan ndi chung Xay dyng ca sd dd lieu dia ca mo se la ca sd d l xem xet, ddu tu cho cdng tac tham dd, du bdo cic dilu kien dia chit mo, xac dmh eac giai phap ky thuat khai thac (md vfa, chuan bi khai thac), du bao phat tnen cdng nghe khai thac, quy hoach phat triln khai thac, sd dung hap ly tai nguyen Oli vdi cdc md khai thdc Id thien, chat lugng cua edng tac nghien cdu dia chit, dia ca mo cung cd nhung tdc ddng khdng nho Khi khdng hilu rd, chinh xac dieu kien dja ea hgc cua d i t da md se eo tic hai rit Idn d i n edng tdc khoan nd min, ble xuc, van chuyin ddt da vd tinh toan I n djnh bd md LHien trang co's&du'lieu dia CO'mo cua eac mo than Nhin chung, cac md tiln hanh khai thac than him Id hay Id thien d cae khoang sang than hau hit da dugc tiln hanh qua cac giai doan td tham dd sa bd din tham d6 ty my, nhilu md da tiin hanh tham b l sung va tham khai thac Cac tai lieu duac lap cac giai doan tham bao gdm - Cac ban Idi: Bao cao kit qua tham dd dia chit cua tu'ng giai doan eac bao cao trinh bay chu y i u khoi lugng cdng tac tham va tinh toan tru tuang than, kit qua thi nghiem chat lugng than (chu y i u la dd tro eua than Ak), dilu kien dia ly, kit qua sa bo cdng tac nghien cdu dia chit cdng trinh • dia chat thuy van Mdt sd bdo eao cdn d i d p d i n mu'C chda cua vfa than - Cdc ban ve: Cac ban ve cae bao cao tham dd bao gdm: ban d l Id via than dudi Idp phu (bao gom ca ban dia hinh), cot dia ting lo khoan, ban dd dang tru cua cac vfa KHCNM S S/2012* DIA CO MO Thong tin khoa hgc cong ngh$ md W' than, ban phan khoi v i tinh tru' lugng eac vfa than, doi cd bao cao xay dgmg ban d l phan b l Ip vfa thep mu'c eac vd ban phay phi kiln tgo, Tai li$u dia chit khai thdc: Khi mdt khoing sang than dygc dya vao xay dyng vd khai thac, cdng t i c d|a chat md bit diu dygc hinh nhim chuan hda lai cac tdi lipu dia chat thyc hien giai dogn tham dd ldm ca cd dilu hinh qua trinh san xuit eua mo He thong tai lipu bao gom: - Cac mgt d t dpc 16 t h i hien d u tao, ddc tinh va cac dac diem b i t thudng cua dit da theo tgan bd chilu dai dudng Id di qua - Cic mat d t ngang, cat doc cua thdnh Id chg khai thac than nhim ghi nhan Igi d u tao, dac diem dia chit vfa than, ede Idp da kpp, da vach, da tru eung nhu cac bilu hien b i t thudng Trong thuat ngu chuyen mon, cac t i i lieu niy thudng dugc ggi la nhat ky dia chit dudng 16 hay nhit ky khai thac Hang ngay, c i c can bd dia chit cua md cd trdch nhiem egp nhat thu'dng xuyen v i dua len ban khai thac, tren ca sd dd, cac ky su cong nghp se dilu chfnh Igi cac chi tilt thiit k i cho phu hap vdi tung dilu kien cu t h i phan chua dap u-ng phuc vg cdng tdc diiu hinh san xuit cua md Sau dudng Id dugc khai thdng v i c i c dipn khai thic dugc md, cdng tdc nghiin cdu tinh chit ca ly da md dugc tiln hdnh mpt cdch chi tilt Trin ca sd nay, cac ky su eong ngh$ dilu chfnh Igi cac thilt k l va dac bipt la xay dyng cac chf tieu san xuit cho phu hgp Tru'dc day, cdng tac thi nghipm dygc tiln hanh ning, cdng tdc dygc thp'c hipn dong thdi vdi vipc xay dyng cac ban nham thgch va g i n kit cac so li$u thi nghipm Trin ca sd do, se tinh toin khli lyang d i t da tuang thich cac chf tieu kinh t l ky thuat theo hanh trinh dydng Id di qua (dli vdi cae md ham 16), khoi lugng khoan, no min, ble xuc, van tai eung nhu tinh toin truat Id bd mo (dli vdi cdc md Ip thien) cdng nghp duac sd dung nhu d | can d t cua than, dp mal mdn cua d i t da; nhien cae th6ng s6 g i n nhy khong dygc thi nghipm, chu y l u la tinh toan chuyin d l i hoac lly tu'gng ty nhy cac be than eua Lien bang Nga Cac chi tieu dia - ky thuat mo du'gc s d dgng d l danh g i i kha nang co* gidi hda mot k h l i , mpt khu vyc, mgt via than Y l u t l ehllu day vfa than: Chilu d l y via than la mpt nhung thdng so i n h hudng tryc t i l p d i n nang suit cua m i y De phu hgp vdi cong nghe, chilu day vfa duac chia nhdng logi sau: vfa rit mdng (m = 0,8 -^1,2m), vfa mong (m = 1,21 ^ 2.0m), via day trung binh (m = 2,01m -H3,5m), vfa day (m = 3,51m-i-5.0m), via rat day (m > 5,0m) Y l u t l gdc doc vfa: Goc die C i c thdng so ca ly d i md vfa cung l i y l u t l quan trpng thudng dugc tiln hinh nghien anh hudng d i n phyang tien cdu nhu: dp bin nen (5n), ca gidi hda chong gid v i khiu ben keo (5k), trpng lugng the than De phu hgp vdi cdng tich (Y), ty trpng (A), I m khd nghp khai thic, g6e doc via gio (Wkg), dp am bao hoa cung dugc chia thdnh nhdm (Wbh) v i tinh t o i n chi tieu vfa, Cg t h i Id via thoai (a= + cong nghp (hp s6 k i i n c l ) 180) via doc thoai ( a = 190 + theo Protodiakonov C i c bdo 350), vfa d i e nghieng- (a= 360 cao g i n day cua Vipn Khoa + 450), vfa doc nghieng va doc hpe Cdng nghp Md - Vinacomin ddng (a= 460-^900) cdn tinh theo chf tieu eua Y i u to phay p h i kiln tao, Baron Trong nhu'ng nam 80 Phay pha kiln tgo l i mot cua t h i ky 20, cdc cdng trinh nhdng y l u to anh hydng rat 1.3.Tai lieu ve ket qua nghien cdu tinh chit ca ly da nhieu d i n phyang phap chuan nghien cCru va thi nghiem cac mo cdn de cap d i n c i c chf tieu bj rupng md, chpn he thing ve md dun d i n hoi (E), hp s l dli tieu CO iy da mo khai t h i c va cac thilt bj d Podt sdng {)>.) nhien, gyang Id Ddi vdi via thoai, niu Cdng tac nghien cdu tinh nhung nam gan d i y cac chi rupng mo gap nhieu phay pha, chit ea ly dd md dugc triin tieu niy it duac nghien edu cac chuyen gia cdng nghe khai thuc hien cac o l phgc vg cong tdc ca gidi thydng chuyen phyang phap giai doan tham dd, nhien d giai doan ndy cdn sa sai v i da hda khai thae, mpt so chf tieu khai thac hgp ly Trong trudng KHCNM S6 5/2012* DIA CO M Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe mo hgp khu vuc dy kiin ap dgng eg gidl hda ggp nhiiu phay pha kiin tao se hgn c h i chieu dai theo phyang v i ehilu dai Id chg o i l vdi cdc khu vyc bj anh hydng cua phay pha kiln tao, thi tinh chit da vach va d i tru eung nhu cac thdng sd khic cua via than bj thay doi lam anh hudng khong tot cho edng tdc ap dung ca gidi hda Niu vdeh tryc tiep qua y l u (ddi trd vach gia) se gay khd khan Idn cho vipc ap dgng ca gidl hoa khai thac Dilu t h i hipn kha ro thyc t l san xuit, Idp da vach tryc tiip qua y l u se b| cung vdi q u i trinh khiu than, vgy se tgo khoang Idn tru'dc may Ngygc Igi, vach trg'c tiip qua ben vdng se rit khd khdn cho vipc dilu khien d i vich - nghTa Id da vach khdng xuong v i tgo khoang khdng gian rit Idn sau gyang 16 chg khdng du'pc lap day (trong trudng hgp ndy thudng xay vach nang) Khi via than ehu'a Neu cae vfa than c6 dp chda tu loai I trd len, ca gidi hda khai thac than d 16 chg nhit thilt phai su dgng cdc thiit bj phdng nd Thyc t l , cdc thiit bi ca gidl hda phdng no ed g i i thdnh cao han cae thilt bj Sy anh hydng cua da tru khdng phdng no td ^ lan d i n cdng t i c ca gidi hda: Ooi Dong thai, trang bi bao hp cho •vdi cac 16 cha ap dung ca gidi cdng nhan rit phu'c tap vd c h i hda, da tru mem y l u (he so dp lam viee phai nghiem ngat, khang nln nhd) se gay lun sa dd edng nghe phai tinh toan gian chong hay vl chong, td dd ky ludng d i n van de anh gay ndi ndc vd lam d l Id hudng cua Ndi chung, d o i l vdi cac khoang sang than cdc mo chda khi, ca gidi d Viet Nam, Idp da tru tryc hda phai than td khau tilp l i set kit hay bdt kit y l u chpn lya thilt bj d i n cdng se gdy hien tugng Do nghe khai thic vd phdng hd lao vgy, diu tu thilt bj ca gidi ddng, bdi vay gid tan hda, can tiln hdnh thi nghiem than khai thic duac s§ cao xdc dmh he so lun nln d l cd han md khdng cd bien phdp gia c l nang eao kha Khi vfa than ngam nudc : ning chju tai cua tru vfa Khi ca gidl hda khai thdc than Tren ca sd nhu'ng phan tich cd mdc nggm nude cao, se d tren cho thiy, d l d i u tu ea anh hudng d i n nang suit cua gidi hoa Id chg, can tiln hinh mdy va giy khd khan khdng nghien edu da vdeh da tru mdt nhd din d i n kha nang chdng each ky luang Can cu' vao dd cua eac vi (giin ehing) v i tinh chat ca ly va dac tinh cua qui trinh dilu khien d i vach dd vach, d i tru cg the cua trd nen phdc tgp D i e biet khoanh than d l chpn thilt bj vfa than ngam nude se lien tgc ca gidi hda vd thilt bj chdng gdy Id guang, dd 16, lam cham gid mpt each phu hgp, •qua trinh tien guang va nang Sy anh hydng lyc khang suit khai thac thip d t cua than (A): Luc khang Sy anh hudng eua da vach d t cua than (A) la mgt thdng din cdng tac ca gidi hda so quan trpng dp dung ea gidi hda 6e khau than phai dugc d l cap tdi, nhim muc dich chgn lua Igai may thich hap chg tung loai than cd luc can d t khae nhau, Dya vdo lye khang d t cua than, cac nha cdng nghp chia ldm ba loai, cu t h i nhy sauthan mem (A= 180 KG/cm^), than ed dg cu'ng trung binh (A = 180 -^ 240 KG/cm^), than cdng (A = 240 ^ 360 KG/cm^) Tren ca sd cac phin tich tren, hp thong dd lieu dia ca mo dygc x i y dung dam bao tien ich eho cho vipc tra cu'u va tinh toan cac thdng so phgc vu eho viee danh gia kha nang ap dung edng nghe ca gidi hoa d cac khodng sang, cac mo than Lya chpn p h l n m I m v i cac nguyen t i c chung v l xay diFng ca s d d d lieu ddu vao cho he thong quan trj d d lieu Lua chon phan mim quan trj du lieu Hien nay, d Viet Nam, cd rit nhilu phln mIm dng dung duac nhap tu nude ngoai cd kha nang luu gid, quan ly ca sd du lieu Cac phln mIm dd hga duac nhilu ngudi bilt den nhu: AutcCAD, Microstasion, Mapinfo, Surfer, Surpae,, Phln mim AutoCAD La mpt phln mem hog rdt manh duac vlit d i xd ly, thilt k l cdc ban ve kiin true, thilt k l xay dung, thiit ke chi tilt miy ., diem y l u cua phan mIm l i eac d i l tuang ban chi quan ly bang mdt hp tpa o i cap Phln mim Mapinfo: La phln mem phuc vu cdng tac quan ly cac dd lieu khdng gian vd phi khdng gian Day la phan KHCNM S 5/2012* DIA CO MO Thong tin khoa hpc c6ng nghg m6 W' mim chuyen quan ly thing tin ban d l Cic thong tin dugc quan ly theo cac Idp, mdi mOt Idp thdng tin gom d l i tugng hinh anh, cdc thdng tin dgng text Mapinfo cd t h i quan ly du hiu ban thpo nhilu logi hp tpa dg khae nhau, Phln m i m Mapinfo la m i t phln mim quan ly du* lipu dja chit rit manh va hi0n nd da dugc su dgng rpng rai ITnh vuc quan ly ban Phln mim Surpae: Surpae Software la mot phln m i m yng dung dac bipt duoc viet cho cdng tac thiit k l mo va lap k l hoach khai thdc mo, toi yu ITnh vyc thiet ke v i san xuat md Tuy vay, day Id mot phan mem cd ban quyin vd de su dung nd d n phai cd khod cdng, khoa m i m , ngudi sd dung phai ed trinh tin hoc tuang ddi cao cung nhu ddi hdi diu vao cua ca sd du lieu phai day du, chi tiet va dong bd (dd lieu duac quan ly khdng gian chieu) Phln mim Surfer La phan mim dung d l tinh va ve eac du'dng dong gia tri (dudng dong mdc cua dia hinh, dudng dang chiiu ddy, gdc doe, dang dd tro,, ,) t h i hien d dang phlng hoac khdng gian ehllu Ngodi ra, Surfer cdn cd kha nang xay dung mat d t doe cua tuyln da duac I n dmh trydc vd tinh toan khoi lu'gng, try lyang cho mdt dilm lu'di, mot khoi hay mdt vung d n tinh Giag dien cua phln m i m Surfer dan gian, d i sd dung Surfer cd t h i kit hgp vdi AutoCAD, Mapinfo d l cho ta mdt bd san phim du' lieu dia chit dep va hoan ehinh Bang TT TSnmd Khoi lu^ng So Iwgng bin ve Dai (m) so hod RSng(m) M6ng Du'ong 90 263485 134900 KheChSm-CaoSan 85 408800 266460 Th6ng N h i t 99 177668 99323 IVI^O Khfi 142 218680 104991 Nam M i u 39 132250 63620 Ha Lam 83 280760 201260 XI nghiSp 917 44 156837 89278 Na Duang 137 209680 100551 NUI H6ng 29 44290 51470 Vdi cac tinh ning chuyin dgng cua cac phln da neu trin, nh6m cdn b l nghhien cdu da sy dgng phln mem Surfer, Auto CAD, Mapinfo d l xay du'ng hp thong quan tn du lipu dia ca md Cae nguyen tac ehung ve xay dung cty s& du' lieu dau vao cho he thong quan trj du' lieu D(j' lieu dja chit md gdm hai loai dd lipu khong gian v i du lieu phi khong gian, Du lipu khdng gian' gom cdc doi tugng bin ve nhy Ban dd dia hinh, ban dd dia chit, ban vi tri cac edng trinh, ban ve c i c mgt d t dia c h i t cdc du' lieu dugc quan ly bang toa dp va dygc chia eac Idp thdng tin khdng gian nhu - Ldp thdng tin nln cdc mic va dudng bien giao ranh gidl eho c i e mo; dja hinh vdi c i c dudng dong mdc eao, cac bd ting, bai thai ; cac doi tygng thuy van nhy sdng suli, myang nydc ,,; khu d i n cy, nha xu'dng, ben cang, cdng trinh cong cpng v,v - Ldp thong tin dia chat: Ip via than, ddt giy, u l n n i p , tuyln Id khoan, thilt d l lo KHCNM s d 5/2012* DIA CO M khoan, binh d6 tinh try lygng, dong dang vich - trg, mgt cat dja chit, ban dd nham thach, ban hipn trang khai thdc, thai, thoat nudc, ban dd kit thuc khai thae v.v - Ldp thdng tin khae Oudng sit, dudng dtd, dudng ^pn he thong d p thoat nude Dd lipu phi khong gian: Gom cdc doi tugng dgng text nhy eac bdo cao dja chit, cac thdng so thupc tinh cua cac doi tygng khdng gian (ten dudng quIc Ip, ten dja danh, ten sdng, cao dp, ten ddt giy ) v i eung dugc chia thinh cic Idp thdng tin nhy sau: - C i c thdng tin v l ea sd phap ly cua khai trudng md, dipn tich khoang sang dugc d p , tru' lugng tai nguyen theo cae d p tru lugng, chit luang than phan b l theo mdc, k i hogch khai thic, khu vyc d l thai, so lygng, chit lyang cac thilt bj phuc vu, cac chf tieu kinh t l ky thu|it chu y l u cua phuang i n dugc duyet v.v - C i c thong tin thupc tinh cua ca sd dd lieu: tpa dp diim eao do, tpa dp lo khoan, cac thdng so ve d u true dia chat, chiiu day, goc d i e vfa, tinh chit ca ly, mdc dp nut ne, tinh Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o v^P Bang TT Ldp vich (si Idp) Si Ldp tru (so ldp) sd/a Ting Si Idp tuyin sd at Sdt Sdt Bit Cudi Sdt Sdt Bdi Cit Cudi kiioan k$P ki}oan via kit than kit kit kit than kit kit kit kit Ten mo ylong Du'O'ng 19 200 30 210 23 142 192 319 267 32 70 363 88 Khe ChSm- Cao Son 18 602 28 1325 78 180 214 178 267 56 120 410 86 38 rh6ng Nhat 21 120 {30 p via) 31 133 318 307 74 22 Mao Khe Nam Mau 34 690 42 22 107 Ha Lam 25 424 Xi nghiep 917 11 144 16 Na DL^ong Nui Hong 23 143 82 437 220 86 278 167 23 493 21 21 11 1014 105 260 218 208 160 125 210 310 285 105 61 267 418 369 222 24 140 61 28 17 45 37 23 10 18 48 36 28 10 17 15 30 21 39 14 123 Th6ng s6 ilia chat CO bdn cOe via Ihan, vdeh, Iru via sac chi i i ^ CO m aa vach-im Bands dia hinh b^ Khoenh ranh gi6 khtfi irCl Udng Sd hoa bSn 06 I Xua'l sang file " dat'^ Xua'l Bang file "'.dxr J Tlnfi toSn iTLt lirang If i— xay dimg khang gian Ban il6i3U mo vao he thong quan tri dd'lieu He thong quan tri ca sa du lieu dia ca mo (CSDLDCM) duac he thong hoa theo hai dang du lieu khong gian va du lieu phi khong gian nhu da trinh bay a phln tren Du lipu khong gian gim cae d l i tuang ban ve ban dia hinh, ban d l dja chit, ban vi tri cac cong trinh, ban ve cae mat d t dia chit, eac thiet d l 16 khoan Tat ca ea sa du lieu eua 10 mo than (Na Duang, NUI H6ng, Mao Khe, Nam Mau, Ha Lim, Xi nghiep 917, Mong Duang, Khe Cham, Thing Nhat, Cao San) duac dmh vi theo dung tpa va duac so hoa, quan ly tren phln mim Mapinfo, AutoCAD Khli luang du' lieu khong gian da xay dung bang DO lieu phi khong gian G6m cac bao cio dia chit, cac Hinh Md hinh 3D be mat mo Mdng Du'O'ng KHCNM S 5/2012* DIA CO MO W' Th6ng tin khoa hpc cong ngh$ m ^a\iia n,ifit» *• - lipu da dugc xay dung: ) Xay dung mo hinh 3D bS m0t dia hinh cdc mo (hinh 2) Xay dung ban dong ding chilu day via than (hinh 3) Xay dung ban dong ding g i c d i e via than (hinh 4) 4, Tinh t o i n trO lugng theo muc dich su dgng phu luc tinh toan, toa lo khoan, cac thong s l dia chit cua via than, da vach, da tru sat than la cac dO li§u dang text duac luu gii> duai dang cac ban Word hoac Excel ( d i tai chon them hai phln m i m phu tra la Word v i Excel de quan ly du lieu dang text vi diy la hai phln m i m rit biin d l SU' dung) Cae thong s l dia chat cua via than, da vach, da tru sat than, c i c s l lipu v i chieu day, goc d i e via dugc ting hgp tu cac ban dia hinh, c i c mat d t d|a chit dugc true tilp tren mat d t dia chit va doi ehllu vgi ban d l dia hinh v i tong hgp vao bang thong so dia chit ca ban cua d i v i c h , da try vfa than KHCNM s d 5/2012* DIA CO M Trong phln mim Surfer, xay dgng hai file "* grd" mot dai dipn chp chieu d i y via v i mOt dpi dipn cho goc doc via, tao ludi cua hai tap tin nay, ea hai ludi phai s u dung cung mpt kich thudc v i eCing mpt s l luang hing v i cpt Tinh chinh x i e cua tinh toan phy thuSc vao s l lugng cac dudng ludi file ludi Khi mot cac be mat ludi co chua eac 6, hoic khu vyc quan tam la mot tap hgp cua toan bp Thong tin l