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82 Tap chi Nghi&n ciJu va Phat trien, sd 4 (87) 2011 IVIOI TRl/dNG SINH THAI DANH GIA MOI TRl/OfNG CANH QUAN TAI CAC DIEM DI TICH HUE THONG QUA KHAO SAT CHAT LlJdNG Nl/OfC Huynh Thi Anh Van, Che'''' Hong[.]
82 Tap chi Nghi&n ciJu va Phat trien, sd (87) 2011 IVIOI TRl/dNG - SINH THAI DANH GIA MOI TRl/OfNG CANH QUAN TAI CAC DIEM DI TICH HUE THONG QUA KHAO SAT CHAT LlJdNG Nl/OfC Huynh Thi Anh Van, Che' Hong Hoa' Dupe UNESCO ghi ten vdo Danh "muc Di san Vdn hda The gidi td nam 1993, quan the di tich Hue la di san dUpc the gidi vinh danh dau tien d Viet Nam Sir hda quyen gida nhdng net san ky thuy tu, dac diem dia hinh cua nui sdng, gd dao vdi sU van dung sang tao cua ngUdi quy hoach xdy dung da gdp phan hinh nen nhdng gid tri ndi bat va dpc nha't vo nhi cua dd thi Hue, dd cdc yeu to' ve canh quan thien nhien ddng vai trd rat quan trpng, tao nen mpt dien mao dpc ddo cho dd thi Hue Vda qua, theo yeu cau cua Trung tam Di san The gidi UNESCO, Trung tdm Bao tdn Di tich Cd Hue (BTDTCD Hue) da bien soan dU thao Tuyen bd' Gid tri ndi bat todn cau cua quan the di tich Hue dua tren ndi dung hd so dl cd quan the di tich Hue la di san the gidi da dUpe phe duyet ndm 1993; ban ddnh gid cua Ca quan Tu Van ICOMOS ve trUdng hpp cua quan thi di tich Hue; va npi dung cdc quyet dinh eua Uy ban Di san The gidi qua cdc ky hpp Ben canh dd, mpt bdo cdo dinh ky vl tinh trang thUc hien Cdng Udc Bdo ve Di sdn The gidi tai khu di san Hue cung dUpc thuc hien nham ddnh gid mpt cdch todn dien cdc tdc dpng tu nhien va xa hdi ddi vdi quan the di tich Hue cung nhU tinh hinh quan ly, bao tdn, phdt huy gid tri cua di san ke td thdi diem thUc hien bdo cdo dinh ky lan thd nha't (nam 2001) den Dl cd ca sd thuc hien mpt so' npi dung cd lien quan Bdo cdo nay, td thdng nam 2011, Trung tam BTDTCD Hue da thtic hien cdc cupc khao sdt todn dien vd phdi hpp vdi Trung tdm Phan tich, TrUdng Dai hpc Khoa hpc Hue tien hdnh phan tich chat lUpng ngudn nUdc tai cdc dia ban cd di tich nam Danh muc Di san The gidi Sau day la ket qua khao sdt, phdn tich da dUpc thUe hien I So liftfng mau n\i6c da lay d cac diem di san De ddnh gid dung thUe trang eha't luang ngudn nUdc d quan the di tich Hue, Trung tam BTDTCD Hue da phd'i hpp vdi Trung tam Phan tich, TrUdng Dai hpc Khoa hpc Hue td chdc lay mdu (58 mdu nUdc mat, mau nUde ngam) tai cdc khu di tich: ldng Gia Long, ldng Minh Mang, dien Hdn Chen, Van Mieu - Vd Mieu (xa Huang Tho va xd Huang Hd, huyen Huang Tra); ldng Thieu Tri, ldng Khai Dinh (xa Thuy Bang, thi xa Huang Thuy); lang Tu Ddc, ldng Ddng Khdnh, ddn Nam Giao (phudng TrUdng An va phUdng Thuy Xuan, Trung tam Bao ton Di tich Cd dd Hue Nhdm tae gia xin chan cam dn TS Ho^ng Thai Long, Giam ddc Trung tam Phan tich, TrUdng Dgi hpc Khoa hpc Hue va eae dong nghiep da nhiet tinh phd'i hdp, giup dd chung tdi ddt khao sat, phan tich m l u nudc Tap chi Nghi&n ciiu va Phat trien, sd (87) 2011 83 thdnh phd Hue); ldng Due Ddc (phudng An Cuu, phd Hue); chua Thien Mu (phudng Huang Long, thdnh phd Hue); Hd Quyin - dien Voi Re (phUdng Thuy Bilu, phd Hue); khu di tich Kinh Thanh Hue (Hoang Thanh, hd Tinh Tam, ho Hpc Hdi - Tang Thu Ldu, NgU Ha ) Viec phdn tich, ddnh gid dupc thUc hien dUa tren Quy chuan ky thuat qudc gia v l chd't lUpng nUdc Viet Nam (Quy chuan ky thuat qudc gia vl chd't lupng nude mat - QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT va Quy chuan ky thuat qudc gia vl chd't lupng nudc ngam - QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT) Trong dd, cdc yeu to' cd tdc ddng tdi^ chd't lUpng indi trUdng nUde dupe phan tich bao gdm: Nhiet dp; chi sd pH; Oxy hda tan (DO); chd't ran Ip ldng (SS); nhu cau oxy hda hpc (COD), nhu cau oxy sinh hda (BOD, BOD^); Nitrat (NO3); Amoni ( N H / ) ; phdt phdt ( P O / ) ; cdc kim loai nang (sdt (Fe), ddng (Cu), chi (Pb), Cadimi (Cd), kem (Zn), Asen (As-thach tin), Crdm (Cr)); va eae hda chd't bao ve thUe vdt gdc d o (DDT, HCH) II Ket qua p h a n tich Ket qud phdn tich chat lit0ig nguon nil&c mat (30 mdu) tgi cdc khu vvCc: Kinh Thanh, Ngti Hd, ho Tinh Tdm, ho Hoc Hdi, Tran Binh Ddi vd Hodng Thdnh d thdnh Hue (Bang 1) Nhdn xet - pH vd SS: pH cua cdc mdu nude dao dpng khoang 6,4-7,4 va diu thda man loai A2 theo QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT 4/30 sd mdu cd gid tri SS khdng thda man loai A2 theo QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT - Chat hiiu ca (COD vd BOD J vd DO: 10/30 mdu cd gid tri DO, 11/30 mau cd gid tri BOD5, 18/30 mdu ed gid tri COD khdng thoa mdn loai A2 theo QCVN 08:2068/BTNMT Ddc biet, mdu thu tai cdc vi tri: Hp Thdnh Hao (tai cda Ddng Ba), NgU Hd (doan td eau Vinh Lai den dudng Le Trung Dinh), BOD5 vd COD diu khdng thda man loai B2 theo QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT, tdc la chd't lUpng nude khdng thda man eho ca muc dich giao thdng thuy Ndng dp chd't hdu cP nude cao di kem Id sU suy giam ndng dp oxy hda tan (DO); cung tai cdc vi tri neu tren vd hd Tinh Tdm, DO khdng thda man loai BI theo QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT - Chat dinh diidng (NO ", P O / ) vd NH/: 11/30 mdu ed gid tri P-PO/, 8/30 mdu cd gid tri N - N H / khdng thda man loai A2 theo QCVN 08:2008/ BTNMT Ddc biet,'tai cdc vi tri Hd Thdnh Hao (tai cda Ddng Ba), Ngu Ha (doan td cau Vinh Lpi den dudng Le Trung Dinh) P-PO/- va N - N H / khdng thoa mdn loai B2 - Kim loai (Fe"'"', Cu", Pb", Cd", Zn", As"!'^, Cr"''^): Phdt hien cdc kim loai nang hau het cdc mau, nhien, ndng dp cdc kim loai ndy nhd han r^t nhilu so vdi cdc mdc quy dinh theo QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT Trong sd 30 mau nddc da thu tai cdc diem di tich neu tren, mdu dd dupc lUa chpn de phdn tich cdc hda chd't bao ve thUe vdt gdc clo (M4: phia ddng Hd Thanh Hao, cda Ddng Ba; M13: hd Hpc Hai - khu vUe Tang Bdng Ket qua phdn tich chat lupng ngudn nude mat tai cdc khu vUc thudc Kinh Thanh Hue Thong sd STT Mlu Tw (°C) Lj P^ DO BOD3 COD N-NO3- P-PO/- N - N H / SS (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) peii.ni (mg/l) Cu" (Mg/l) Pb" (Mg/l) Cd" (Mg/l) Zn" (Mg/l) AgllLV Q|-MI,VI (Mg/l) (Mg/l) Kinh Thanh: Hd Thanh Hao (Nam , Ddng, Bae, Tay) Ml 12,5 0,21 27,4 6,7 5,3 4,6 19 0,06 0,08