Thdng tin khoa hye cdng nghy md CONG NGHE KHOAN THAO KHO MO KHAI THAC HAM LO DUdi BAI DO THAI Application of the drilling technology for water drainage at underground coal mines beneath dump site old[.]
Thdng tin khoa hye cdng nghy md CONG NGHE KHOAN THAO KHO MO KHAI THAC HAM LO DUdi BAI DO THAI Application of the drilling technology for water drainage at underground coal mines beneath dump site old working areas of an open pit mine or beneath a water bearing area, water reserves Is one of effective measures In keeping safety In mining In this paper, the authors represent some research results on the application of the drilling technology for water drainage In II-V14 area of the mining project below -50m level at Ha Lam coal mine which is located beneath a dump site of an open pit mine 1.0|tvdndd Bai thai dit dd d vung than Quang Ninh duac hinh thdnh tu' thilt k l khai thde md vd duac 66 d i y qud trinh khai thde Cde bdi thai dit dd thudng duac chon Id cde thung IQng, ede moong da kit thue khai thde Id thien Dd thai thudng Id ede loai dd vdch via than bj n l min, cay xdi, xue bde vd van chuyen d i n bdi thai tu' cdc cdng trudng khai thde khdc Thanh phln dd thai g i m cdc manh vgn, dd tang cdt kit, cupi kit, byt kit, set k i t l i n than bin Cd hat thay d i i tuede hat bui, dam sdi d i n cdc loai dd cgc vd dd tang Ty Id kieh thude dudi 50mm chilm 10%; 50-800mm chilm 80%, edn lai Id dd tang, kich thudc Idn han 800mm Dd thai tir ede edng trudng duac dtd vdn ehuyin d i n d mdp tren sudn die bai thai, cd sy h i try eua mdy gat san ui Khi d l thai, dd kich thudc Idn han theo qudn tinh vd dyng nang lan xulng chdn die, day bai thai; cdn dd kich thudc nhd, dam sdi, tap trung d phia tren Cdc khe nirt hing giCra cdc tang dd eu'ng kich thudc Idn TS NGUYtN XUAN THAO KS NGUY6N TU VINH Vign Khoa hgc Cdng nghi Md - Vinacomin d sudn die vd d ddy bdi thai sau mdt thdi gian se bj l i p diy bdi ede mdnh vgn eua dd thdi, sdt l i n than b i n trdi truat tir trdn xulng hodc theo mach nudc chay vdo ede khe nirt Sau mdt thdi gian, cdc chit l i p nhdt nhu set hodc cdc chit l i p nhdt khdc se trd thdnh chit gdn kit giQ'a cdc tang dd thai vd lam cho ddy bai thai rdn chdc DO rdno d i t dd thai n=21% vd cdc chit l i p nhdt ede khe nirt se thay d i i tinh chit ea ly; gdp nudc se truang nd, mit tinh lien k i t vd tao thdnh bun Idng d l bj xdi rii'a vd Idm giam mirc 6d I n djnh eua bdi thai Theo dilu kidn dja chit thuy vdn, kich thudc dd thai khde Idm b l mdt sudn d i e d l thai g l g h i vd tao thdnh cdc kdnh, cdc ranh d i n nudc mua, nudc b l mdt xdm nhap vdo bai thai Nudc tir tren b l mdt bai thai qua cdc khe nirt giQ'a cdc tang da vd theo m|t sudn d i e vdo bai thai, tao miln sung nudc miln chira nudc bai thai Hiyn Tdp dodn Cdng nghep Than- Khodng san Viet KHCNM S6 1/2012* DIA CO M Nam (Vinacomin) dang thilt k l , xdy dyng cdc md than h i m Id mdi nhu md than him Id Nui Beo vd md than Khe Chdm ll-IV, ding thdi eung md ryng pham vi khai thde, tan thu than d cac md dang khai thde Trong dd, eo mo ndm dudi khu vyc bai d l thai Id moong khai thac Id thidn da k i t thue nhu md than Hd Lim khai thde khu II-V14 thupc dy dn khai thde dudi mire -50 m Khi khai thac h i m Id dudi bdi thai thudng xay hi$n tuang bgc nudc md Dge bidt la cdc md h i m Id ndm dudi bai thai Id cdc moong khai thae Id thien da k i t thuc Nguyen nhan ca ban cua hiyn tuang la nudc bai thai chay vdo 16 qua cdc khe nirt d tren noe 16 khai thde vd cd t h i xay buc nudc n l u bai thai chira nudc dp lyc o l ngan ngira vd d l phong nudc xam nhdp t u bai thai vdo h i m Id, cd nhilu phuang phdp khdc Tuy theo tu'ng dieu kien cg the cd thi dp dgng mot eac phuang phdp sau hoac kit hyp hai ba phuang phap vdi nhau: t h o n g tin khoa hoc cong nghS mo Be tdng hod b l mdt bai thai nhim Idm giam sy xam nhap nude mua, nude b l mat xam nhdp vdo bai thai - Khoan cdc Id khoan (Id khoan ngang Id khoan thing dirng) thdo nude, thu h i i nude bdi thai tir trdn mdt dit Khoan ede Id khoan xidn thuyng tu" him Id d l thdo nude d khu vyc ddy bdi thai Xdc djnh chilu eao phdt triln vung khe nirt tren ndc Id chy phd hoa 6k xie djnh chilu ddy ting bao vd vd dp sau khai thde an todn Trong pham vi bdi bdo, cdc tac gia trinh mpt s l kit qua nghidn eiru ban diu v l kha nang" dp dgng cdng nghd khoan thao khd nude d khu II-V14 thupc dy dn khai thde dudi mire -50m md Hd Lim ndm dudi bai thai moong ly thidn Lua chyn ky thuat, cong nghe khoan thao khd khull-V14'mdHaLdm Moong Tdy Phay K d md Hd Lim kit thuc khai thde d chilu sdu -74.5 m (vj tri sdu nhlt), ndm 2007 da dung Idm bdi d l thdi Hidn nay, dilm cao nhlt cua bdi thai ndm d clt eao + 95.5 m Trudc dl thai, ddy moong Id khu vyc chira nudc, bun sdt l i n than bin vd dd khai thde Id thien chua ble xue hit Khi d l thai, dd thai kich thudc Idn lan xulng ddy moong va chim nglp bun, d i y bun vd nudc Idn trdn Sau myt thdi gian, Idp bun ndy se Id chit gin kit giCra cdc tang dd va t?o thdnh Idp dd - bun Ldp bCin khdng cd tinh dinh kit va dl bj phd huy, hoac xdi rira gap nudc Oli vdi bai thai trdn moong Tay Phay K eiia md Hd Lim, ed t h i tiln hdnh thdo nude bdng ede Id khoan thdng du-ng dp bdi thai, ede Id khoan ngang thdo nude tu' sudn bai thai, ede l l khoan thdo nude tir him Id Sau dd khoan doa bang mQi khoan cD132mm vd dat ong IQC dudng kinh O 108mm Lua chpn thiet bj khoan Thilt bj khoan duye lya chpn trdn ca sd mgc dieh khoan, ehilu sdu khoan, dudng kinh khoan vd dilu kidn khoan bdi thai Vdi dilu kidn thye te d bdi thai Hd Lim vd mue dieh eua 16 khoan, ed t h i lya chpn cde thilt bj khoan thdm dd trdn mgt dit nhu loai ZIF -300 M, ZIF-650 M, CKB4 eua Nga hoae ede thilt bj khoan eua Trung QuIe Id ede loai thilt bj dang dugc sir dgng d Vidt Nam 2.1 Thiet ki ky thugt, edng ngh^ khoan lo khoan thing dung hg ip bai thai Khoan Id khoan thdng dirng bdi thai nhim mgc dich quan trie myc nude thuy tmh, mye nude ddng bdi thai vd xdc djnh luyng nude t i n tai bdi thai, ding thdi, cQng thilt k l gilng vd lap dat hd thing bam chim, dudng Ing d i n nude nham mgc dieh dp lye nude bdi thai Che dp cdng nghp khoan Bdi thai d md than Hd Lam Id bdi thai mdi ehua on djnh, vi vdy, eIn dp dung toe dp vdng quay nhd d l trdnh va dap Idm xd dd d xung quanh Cau true lo khoan thing dung hp ap bai thai {hmh 1) TiL CHI^USAU & ::0T D(A TANG Tir Om d i n chilu sdu 20m khoan bang chodng chdp xoay dudng kinh 146mm; sau dd ehuyin sang khoan doa bdng mQi khoan 0151mm vd chlng Ing dudng kinh 0146mm Chdn Ing chlng duyc tram xi mang chdc chan dk giCr I n djnh Sau chlng ong, tilp tgc khoan 0112mm d i n chilg sdu gap dd goc (chilu sau thilt k l 170m) KHCNM S6 1/2012* DIA CO M Tti m Dfti ' Mr r n, MdtA ohain ihfch V V V V V V C •-' / V V V V V V \ v v v v v v v v v v w v v v v v 11 1^ «|4< s s "4 V V V V V ^ V V 20 CXUTR0CL6 KHOAN 30m V V V V V t ^ V ? 9 W V V ? ^ M v v v v v v w w I n V V V W W W W ô ã V V V V - V V - v v v v v v v v ? < V V V V V V ^ V V V f ^ V V V V V V V V V V V vvvvvvv-^ v v v v v v v v ^ 60 V V W V W W W OOm 7vvvvvvvy I III «i Cdn eu vdo dilu kiyn thye t l eua bdi thai vd diiu kiyn khai thde d khu II - V I se b l tri ede Id khoan thdo nudc tai ede dudng Id chuin bj khu vyc g i n ddy moong Tdy phay K Tuy theo tirng vj tri, gde die cde Id khoan dao dong tu- 25° + 60° Hinh md ta sa d l b l tri hai l l khoan thdo nude d bdi thai tir Id chdn mire -110m Ld khoan 01 khoan theo hudng nghieng 57°, eat qua phay dirt giy, ddi 105m, ehilu ddi khoan bdi thai 20 m L l khoan thu- 02 ddi 176m, nghidng 29°, hudng l5 khoan bdi thai g i n song song vdi mat die, tilp gidp giQ'a ede ting khai thde ly thien vdi bai thai Vj tri se thu hoi nude chay theo sudn die bdi thai C l u true Id khoan thao nudc tu' him Id t h i hien '.••,.>.; a) ca'u true IA Ichoan sA I Mil hkh (IB 5n( pi(«v»l)7} Xi niing Irtni Ai(clWh| C".S:":i:;.'>:'.5;ia9 ^n;:,>ii;,."^ Ihlnh IA Dnan b) c a u tnic lA khiwn sl'l Hinh Ciu true l6 khoan thio nw&c tu him Id trdn hinh 6ng lyc se ddt khu vyc ddy bai thai vd khu vyc dja ting phln dudi ddy moong bj nirt ne anh hudng cua n l qud trinh khai thde l | thidn Lua chpn thiit bj vi dyng cy khoan thio nudc him Id Khi lya chyn thilt bj, eIn xem xet ky kha ndng khoan cua thilt bj (chilu ddi khoan) dudng kinh khoan gdc khoan vd kha ndng truyin lyc eua d i u mdy khoan Kha nang khoan cua mdy khoan lidn quan tdi gdc khoan, kha nang truyin lyc va tryng luyng can khoan cd t h i xdc djnh theo cdng thirc sau: Thilt bj va dgng cg khoan h i m Id duyc lya chyn trdn ca s d mgc dich cua Id P.-R khoan, c l u true Id khoan, tinh L= q{s\na + f cosa) chit ca ly dd, kich thudc vd Trong dd: L- Chilu dai dilu kidn Id khai thde, tinh khoan.m; Pf Kha ndng truyin ndng ky thudt cua mdy khoan KHCNM SO 1/2012* DIA CO M w Thong tin khoa ho^ cong nghe md Bdng Ode tinh ky thudt cabdn cua thiet bj khoan ham Id chay tu- lo khoan thudng keo theo bun set than lip nhdt SBG - IM MK-5A TT D$c tinh ky thuit KD -150 ede khe hong giQ'a ede tang da Ding thdi, tde Chilu sdu khoan, 300 400 150 m ddng va cham eua bo dgng eg khoan, ede tang dd bj x6 day, Oudng kInh chen vdo bd dgng eg khoan, khoan, mm gdy ede sy e l ket dgng cg - Md Id 300 150 200 khoan qud trinh khoan - Kit thuc 76 76 59 Khi rut bo dgng eg khoi vj tri 0°^180° Gdc khoan 0°*180° 0° + 180° khoan, dd se sap vd lam mat Toe dO vdng Id khoan O l khac phgc cdc 109-360 10+300 140+ 1010 quay, v/ph hidn tuyng trdn, eIn dp dung bidn phdp khoan ndng elp 64,4 Ap luc truyin, KN 57 25 dudng kinh Id khoan kit hyp Kich thudc mdy 1912x932x1 2500x800x1 1980x860x1 vdi bd dgng eg khoan nhilu 385 600 620 Ddi X rOng x cao elp dudng kinh vd giam toe Bdng Che dg edng ngh^ khoan xidn thwgng thdo nw&e dp vong quay, dp lue truyen Lwu eho mQi khoan Toedg Iwgng Lua chpn vi tri va ong Ipc vdng Kiiu mui khoan vd lo^i dit dd Ap lyc, N nw&e quay, lap dpt lo khoan rwa, v/ph Vj tri lap ddt ong Ipe l/ph Kilu mui khoan hap kim eung Id khoan vd ehilu ddi ong loc, 50-60 3000-5000 100-200 Loai dat dd: sdt kit, bOt kit cQng nhu kieh thude Id thu Kilu mui khoan kim cuang hoi nude Id ede ylu t l quylt 40-50 7000-11000 150-200 Loai dd: bdt kit rln ehde, san kit djnh tdi luyng nude thu hoi Kiiu mui khoan ehop xoay Dudng kinh ong Ipe du/ge 40-60 Loai id: bdt kit rdn ehde, san 8000-15000 150-200 xdc dinh theo edng thu'c: ket, cudi kit ap lye eho mQi khoan, N; Rk Lye can thilt eho mQi khoan phd huy dd, N; q- Tryng luyng qui doi mot met c i n khoan, N/m; a Gde xidn Id khoan, '• do; f- He so ma sat giira c i n ! khoan vd dit dd \ Bang trinh bay myt s l ' dae tinh ky thuat ca ban thilt \ bj khoan h i m Id j Che dp cdng nghp khoan j cac lo khoan xien thao nudc ') Chl cdng nghe khoan j cae Id khoan xien thuyng thdo nude duye lya chyn phg thude vao dd eu'ng d i t da, loai mui khoan can theo hudng din d bang * Khi khoan tdi dja ting nam \ phia dudi day moong bj nirt ne, anh hudng eua khai thde lp thidn vd bai thai c i n giam 30%, gid tri toe dy vdng quay eua bp dgng cg khoan eIn tudn theo hudng d i n d bang Nude ru'a dung lam mdt by dgng eg khoan vd rCra sach mun khoan qud trinh khoan duyc dilu c h l tu- bdt set tieu chuin API Dung djeh khoan c i n dam bao ede thdng s l : ty trpng y = 1,05 ^ 1,1 g/cm^ dy nhdt T = 18 - 20s; thai nude B = H- 12 cmVSOph Nhu da phdn tich trdn day, day thai Id moong khai thde lp thien chu-a nude, bun vd dd tang kich thude Idn Trong qud trinh khoan, nudc ru'a KHCNM s d 1/2012* DIA CO M nLV Trong dd: D- Dudng kinh ong lpc, m; Q- Luu luyng nude chay tir Id khoan theo thilt k l , m%g.d; L - Chilu ddi ong lpc dat ndm tang thu hoi nude, m; V Van t i e nude chay qua Ing loc 6uge xdc djnh: V = 6Q\[K Trong dd: K He s l tham thlu eua nude bai thai, m/ng.d 6ng loc lap ddt Id khoan ed nhilu loai vd thudng dung cdc Id khoan khai thde nudc ngam, vat lidu c h l tao ong loc Id thep chit luyng eao hodc thep khdng gi De thu hoi nudc bai thai w Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o thudng sir dgng Ing Ipc dgc Id trdn dudng kinh tir mm din 12mm hodc Ing lpc cdt khe kich thude 3m x 40mm (rdng x ddi) Bam rua phi,ic hii su thim thau va din nudc lo khoan Sau ldp ddt xong Ing lpc l6 khoan, c i n tiln hdnh bam ru'a phd vd bun vd cdc chit bdm dinh xung quanh Ing lpc nhdm mgc dieh phgc hii sy luu thdng nudc vdo Id khoan Cdng tdc ndy eIn Idm sau ldp ddt xong Ing lpc l6 khoan o l i vdi ede Id khoan thdo nude dudi ddy bdi thai, c i n dp dgng phuang phdp bam rii'a bdng mdy bam luu luang vd dp suit Idn 6k phd vd cde Idp bun, tap chit ede khe hong giira cde tang dd Mdy bam dung bam rira ed cdng suit bam tu' 100 lit/phut, din 150 lit/phut, dp suit bam tu' 20 MPa d i n 30 MPa Kdt luan Phuang phdp khoan thdo khd md h i m Id dudi khu vyc bdi thdi, moong khai thde Id thidn cQ hodc dudi cde khu vyc sQng nude, chira nudc Id mdt ede phuang phdp tich cyc, ehu ddng vd dat hidu qua eao Song, 6k 6pt 6uge hidu qua nhu y muln c i n phai khao sdt, nghidn cu'u ky trang thdi vd tinh I n djnh eua bdi thdi, nghidn cu'u sy thim thlu vd tilm tdng nudc bdi thdi 6k lya chyn phuang phdp khoan thdo nude, sa d l b l tri l l khoan vd lya chyn thilt bj, cdng nghd hyp ly khoan thdo nude Vidt Nam, edng tdc khoan thdo khd md khai thde h i m Id dudi cde d i i tuyng ndu trdn mdi ehi duye dp dgng nhirng ndm g i n ddy, vi vdy cdn thilu kinh nghidm, cdn nhilu bit cap nhu thilt bj khoan h i m Id cdng suit nhd, chilu ddi khoan < 100 m, cho nen hidu qua edn thip, ehua ddp irng duyc nhu c l u san xult cdc Id khoan thdo nudc hdm Id Mot SO ket qu^ nghien ciru btf sung tinh chatcalydd (Tiip theo trang 123) Kit qua nghien ciru b l sung tinh chit cd ly cua dd vd thdnh ldp ban d l nham thach md ding Sin Quyln (hoan thdnh vdo d i u ndm 2010) da xdc djnh 6uge quy ludt phdn b l eua ede loai dd cd mat dja ting vd tinh chit ca ly ehu y l u eua ehung duyc ting hyp bang 2, dam bao tin cdy phgc vg cho edng tac khai thde cua md nhQ-ng nam tdi NhQ'ng kit qua nghien eCru tinh chit ca ly vd nham thach md d i n g Sin Quyln da duyc md su' dgng phgc vg khoan n l vd dilu hdnh san xult cua md cde ndm 2010, 2011, mang lai hidu qud vd dam bao an todn cho qud trinh khai thde Kit lugn: Dk khai thac an todn vd hidu qua cdc md Id thien thupc KHCNM S6 1/2012* DIA CO M hi$n mdi chf cd tinh chit xu' ly, phdng ngu'a bgc nudc, chua phai Id cdc l6 khoan thdo nudc hodn chinh./ Tii ligu tham khao Nguyin Xudn Thao, Nguyin TCr Vinh vd nnk: "Nghidn ciru lya chyn ding b0 thilt bj vd xdy dyng quy trinh cdng nghd khoan thdm dd vd thdo nudc phu hyp cdc md h i m Id vung Quang Ninh" Bdo cdo ting k i t d l tdi 2004 Nguyin Xudn Thao Nguyin TCr Vinh vd nnk: "Nghidn ciru cdng nghd khoan ngang dudng kinh Idn tir 200mm d i n 300mm nhim mgc dich thdo khd nude, tdng cudng 6d I n dinh bd mo d cdc md than khai thde IQ thien" Bdo cdo ting kit d i tdi Ndm 2005 Nguydn Xudn Thao, Nguydn TCr Vinh vd nnk: "Nghien ciru thoat nudc dd vdch via ting -80/-25 Mao Khd" Bdo cdo ting kit d l tdi Ndm 2006 Vinacomin, hdng ndm md cde t i n g khai thde mdi eIn t i l n hdnh b l sung, cap nhdt sy xult ly nham thach trdn cdc guang ting khai thae, Id via qudng, Ily miu thi nghiem xdc djnh tinh chit ea ly cua cdc loai da Cdc kit qua thu duyc cho phep hiyu ehinh phdn b l dja ting, tinh toan khii luyng d i t dd bdc vd lya chyn cdc thdng so khai thaekhoan n l hyp ly Nhidm vg c i n duyc cdc md quan tdm dua vao nhiym vg k l hoach hdng nam vd duyc lanh dao Vinacomin phe duy#t nam k l hoach./ ... thiet bj khoan Thilt bj khoan duye lya chpn trdn ca sd mgc dieh khoan, ehilu sdu khoan, dudng kinh khoan vd dilu kidn khoan bdi thai Vdi dilu kidn thye te d bdi thai Hd Lim vd mue dieh eua 16 khoan, ... cy khoan thio nudc him Id Khi lya chyn thilt bj, eIn xem xet ky kha ndng khoan cua thilt bj (chilu ddi khoan) dudng kinh khoan gdc khoan vd kha ndng truyin lyc eua d i u mdy khoan Kha nang khoan. .. nude b l mat xam nhdp vdo bai thai - Khoan cdc Id khoan (Id khoan ngang Id khoan thing dirng) thdo nude, thu h i i nude bdi thai tir trdn mdt dit Khoan ede Id khoan xidn thuyng tu" him Id d l thdo