r r Hpi nghi khoa hoc kT thudt md quoc te 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tien vi su* phdt trien ben viing H E T H O N G H O T R O R A Q U Y E T D I N H T R O N G K H A I T H A C M O L O T H I E N TS Nguyen[.]
Hpi nghi Cong nghiep r r khoa hoc kT thudt md quoc te 2010 md tien tien vi su* phdt trien ben viing HE T H O N G HO TRO RA QUYET TRONG K H A I T H A C M O L O D I N H T H I E N TS Nguyen Due Khoat, PGS.TS Bui Xuan Nam T r u a n g D a i hoc M o - D i a chat, H a N o i , V i e t N a m Tdm tdt: Bdi bdo gioi thieu mot cdi nhin tong quan ve he thong ho tra quyet dinh vai viec img dung cong nghe thong tin giam sat, dieu hanh vd dinh vi khai thdc mo lp thien He thong duac the ke cho cd cdc md dang khai thdc vd cdc mo se duac ma tuong lai nham tdng nang luc khai thdc vd giam gid sdn xudt dua vao cdc moi lien he cua cdc luong thong tin he thong dieu hanh sdn xudt Tir khoa: lap lich thai gian thuc, ho tro quyet dinh, he thong dieu hanh G i o i t h i e u Trong nhung nam dau ciia thap nien 70, nen tang k y thuat va l i n g dung ciia cac he thong ho tro quyet dinh (DSS) da co su phat trien quan K h a i ddu, DSSs x i i l y d u lieu han che, mo hinh va giao dien sir dung theo chiic nang, nhung cac cai tien ve k y thuat da tao da phat trien chuc nang ciia cac DSS mot each manh me hon [ ] Tren thuc te, DSSs la cac giai phap ky thuat v o i su ho tro may tinh, duoc sir dirng de ho t r g qua trinh quyet dinh phirc tap va ho trg giai quyet van de cac qua trinh dieu hanh san xuat cong nghiep D u a quyet dinh la viec nghien c i i u x e m quyet dinh dugc thuc hien n h u the nao, va l a m the nao de cac quyet dinh dua cang tot hon, hoac cang cong hon [ ] Van de Mo hinh Hinh Qua trinh dua quyet dinh (DSS) Trong qua trinh dua quyet dinh DSS (Hinh 1), van de lai dugc dua mot lan nua nham xac d i n h cac thuat n g u ho t r g cac bien so c h i n h va cac c h i i the co l i e n quan, dinh nghia v i i n g quyet d i n h , cac t h a m so va n h u n g t r a ngai, cung n h u la viec c h i n h thiic hoa cac tieu chi G i a i d o a a quyet d i n h cho biet su lira chon m o t p h u a n g thirc thudt toan co thay d l i hoac chinh xac Sau do, se h i n h mot loat cac h u o n g q u y l t d i n h khac co trai qua giai doan sang loc va co t i n h den cac chii t h i l i e n quan G i a i doan c u o i c i i n g la thuc hien bao g l m viec ap d u n g cac q u y l t d i n h co t i n h t l chirc, giam sat anh h u o n g ciia no, co hoat 159 Hoi Cong nghi nghiep khoa hoc md tien kT thudt tien md qudc vi su phdt ti trien ben 2010 vung dong dieu c h i n h cho t h i c h h o p , va lua chon m o t so quyet d i n h c u the Carlsson va Turban [3] cho rang cong tac n g h i e n c u u cac he t h o n g ho t r g hien dai tap t r u n g vao l y thuyet va ap dung cac he t h o n g t h o n g m i n h , phan m e m quan l y m a y t i n h V i e c bao g o m viec x u ly giai quyet cac v a n de, lap ke hoach va dua quyet d i n h B o i canh cua n g h i e n c u u chuyen tir b o i canh co su quan l y co t i n h chien luge, sir dung cong nghe x i r l y k i n h doanh (business process re-engineering), su hgp tac hieu qua, giao d i e n sir d u n g m a y t i n h dugc cai thien, v a t h u o n g m a i dien tir t r o n g qua t r i n h san xuat, m a r k e t i n g , v a quan l y tai chinh Cac p h u o n g phap n g h i e n c u u dugc sir dung la p h u o n g phap phan t i c h v a d i n h h u o n g he thong, nghien ciru dua tren hanh dong hoac t i n h huong, cung co the sir d u n g t h i nghiem hoac cac k i n h nghiem thuc te M o t dac diem chung noi bat cua nhieu nghien cuu thuc te, co sir dung phuong phap DSS chinh la phan thiet ke va sir dung cac he thong may phan m e m may tinh thong m i n h (cac he thong chuyen gia, cac he thong da bien, v v ) , hoac cac he thong phan mem may tinh (thuat toan tien then, logic m o , ) N g o a i ra, theo k i e n t n i c ve DSSs, cac cong cu giam thieu phuc tap khong nen han che kha nang to hgp cua he thong [ ] V i du, su dung v o i he thong DSS, cac he thong lap lich thoi gian cho qua trinh san xuat (PSS), cac each tiep can theo m o h i n h v a cac cong cu quyet d j n h dua tren nghien c u u va phan tich nhung tinh huong cu the sinh tir cac van de thuc te D o vay, chung ta can can nhac mot nhiem v u ket hop bao gom "Thoa m a n cac nhu cau, cirng v a i viec hop tac cac n h u cau giam thieu tinh phuc hop co sir dung may dien toan", co kha nang chinh giong n h u DSS Chat l u g n g cua DSS co the dugc danh gia n h u sau: - G i a m t h i e u t i n h phirc tap: Theo truyen thong, cac quyet d i n h ve lap l i c h t h a i gian va cong viec phai dugc dua rieng biet tai cac cap bac khac t r o n g k h u n g PSS Su ket hop cac cac quyet d i n h se l a m sinh t h e m nhieu v a n de m a i v a t i n h phirc tap cang nhieu T i n h phirc tap can dugc danh gia va neu co the, can phai g i a m thieu - Cac he t h o n g da m o h i n h : Cac k y thuat sir dung t i n h da m o h i n h cho thay cac thiet ke ciia he thong t h o n g m i n h v o i each tiep can nham thuc h i e n viec nhan biet cac thong so va cau true m o t c i i n g m o t luc Cho den nay, chung t o i v a n chua biet dugc he thong DSS thong m i n h nen co bao n h i e u m o h i n h - Cac he t h o n g da h o p tac: Cac p h u a n g phap da h o p tac ( F L , E A , agents) co ung dung nhieu b o i canh co thuc cuoc song v i c o n n g u d i buoc phai l u a chon giua cac giai phap khac de thuc hien nham dat dugc n h i e u muc t i e u co t i n h canh tranh M u c h g p tac ciia m o t DSS thong m i n h den v a n chua d u g c biet den - T i n h hiru d u n g gia tdng: V i du, d o i v d i he thong PSS, viec gia tang t i n h hiru dung, mo h i n h he thong, lap ke hoach ve su t u o n g tac giira cac dac d i e m k y thuat va p h u o n g thirc hoat dong theo m o i m o t d i n h h u d n g co the can dugc thoa hiep de thoa m a n cac dac t i n h ky thuat Tat nhien kha nang danh gia t i n h h u u dung se la m o t l g i the, n h u n g danh sach ciia cac dac t i n h t h u d n g k h o n g dugc biet den - D o t h o n g m i n h [ ] : Cac phan c h i n h ciia he t h o n g t h o n g m i n h la cau true mang t i n h dai dien cho k i e n thiic va cac p h u o n g phap phong theo cau t n i c - M i i c chii dong: Y t u d n g chii dao la nham tao cac k h o i da n h i e m ciia he thong DSS Sau do, phan cho c h i i n g can phai thuc hien n h u n g thao tac g i V i e c danh gia m i i c da n h i e m cho he t h o n g DSS ciia m o i phan chia ( m o h i n h , p h u a n g phdp) n h a m dua quyet dinh ve tien t r i n h hoat dong ciia chiing 160 Hpi Cong nghi nghiep khoa hoc md tien kT thuat tien mo quoc vi su phdt te - trien 2010 ben vung - Tang kha nang cong [ ] : D a n h gia kha nang cong ciia DSS p h u thuoc vao kha nang xac d i n h ro rang t i n h cong Theo le tir n h i e n , qua t r i n h phat t h e n thong m i n h co the duoc the h i e n n h u la qua t r i n h phat t r i e n ciia cac c o n g c u dang co T r o n g bai bao nay, c h i i n g t o i bat dau Phan I I t h o n g qua viec t r i n h bay cac phan ciia DSS t r o n g k h a i thac m o 16 thien, c u o i cung la ket luan Phan I I I H e t h o n g ho t r o r a q u y e t d i n h cho k h a i t h a c m o lo t h i e n Cau t n i c ciia he t h o n g bao g o m cac phan sau ( H i n h ) : 2.1 Bieu hanh van tai T r o n g 10 nam qua, cac doan xe chuyen dung sir dung khai thac m o v o i su ho tro ciia may tinh da phat trien m o t cong cu co t i n h hieu qua va t i n h te cao nham dieu khien va t o i u u hoa cong viec thuc hien ciia mo V o i chirc nang dieu khien nay, he thong co kha nang cung cap nhung thong t i n chinh xac tai mot thoi d i e m ve qua trinh khai thac ciia mo, k h i mot loat thuat toan bien giup t o i u u hoa cong viec khai thac ciia m o T i n h bien ciia cac he thong dieu dong [ ] , da duoc sir dung tai h o n 100 m o tren the g i o i Gan day, v o i sir phat trien ciia khoa hoc k y thuat, qua trinh dieu dong g i a m sat v i t r i cac thiet b i m o thong he thong GPS va cac cam bien t i e m can da duoc dua vao sir dung N g o a i ra, he thong thu thap cac thong t i n ve trang thai ciia cac thiet b i thong qua viec sir dung cac cam bien dien co cung n h u cac thong t i n dieu hanh dau vao Ca hai qua trinh sau se duoc mot may tinh tinh toan nham t o i u u viec sap xep cac doan xe tai chuyen dung v o i muc tieu t o i u u hoa hoat dong dieu hanh san xuat tai mo He thong cung duoc sir dung de xay dung cac bao cao cu the nham phan anh chinh xac cong tac dieu hanh m o , giup phan tich qua trinh dieu hanh nay, va m o phong qua n i n h van hanh Modul dieu hanh van tai Modul ky thuat va giam sat thiet bj 03 Modul thong tin Cac quyet dinh chung Modul thiet ke H Modul ke hoach Modul phan tich r Hinh Qua trinh quyet djnh khai thdc lp Trong he thong dieu hanh co the xac dinh cac cong viec lien quan den cac thiet bi thien nham t o i u u hoa cac m u c t i e u ve san xuat da dugc xac d i n h tir t r u o c , n h u cau thuc te ciia thi t r u o n g ciia kha nang ciia m o cung can dugc m o t n g u o i lap ke hoach hoac v a n hanh m o xac d i n h Can t i e n hanh ap d u n g qua t r i n h k h a i thac bang tay neu m u c t i e u k h a i thac thay d o i , dugc thuc h i e n t h o n g qua qua t r i n h dieu c h i n h cac thuat toan ve d i e u dong 161 Hdi Cong 2.2 Modul nghi khoa nghiep ky thudt hoc md tien vd giam kT thudt tien md quoc vi su phdt te - trien 2010 ben vung sat H i e n nay, he t h o n g g i a m sat va k y thuat co bo t h o n g so: bo t h u nhat l i e n quan den dieu k i e n thiet b i , bo t h u hai l i e n quan den hoat dong v a n hanh ciia c h i i n g (vat c h a duac mang d i , toe do, ) , v a bo t h i i ba l i e n quan t o i qua t r i n h thuc h i e n cua ca hai bo tren B o t h i i nhat giup cac thiet b i a dieu k i e n v a n hanh tot nhat t h o n g qua qua t r i n h chuan doan va bao t r i thiet b i B o t h i i cho phep bao cao cong tac san xuat m o t each c h i n h xac va bao cao cac hoat dong da d u g c h i e n , t r o n g k h i bo c u o i c i i n g c h i d o n gian la ho t r g qua t r i n h phan t i c h hoat dong thuc hien 2.3 Module thdng tin M o d u l e bao g o m m o t bo cac c h u o n g t r i n h n h a m h i n h t h a n h cac c a sa d u l i e u ve khai thac 16 thien, v a d o n g t h a i lien tuc cap nhat cac d u l i e u ve dia chat, khao sat va k y thuat ciia m o D u lieu ve dia chat n h a m l u u t r u cac t h o n g t i n ve dia chat va viec h g p nhat cac thong t i n T h o n g t i n ve dia chat ban dau bao g o m cac d u l i e u m a u c h i n h ve dia tang k y thuat, t r u luong Phan khao sat ciia d u l i e u bao g o m t h o n g t i n co d u g c tir m o d u l e g i a m sat hoat dong Phan k y thuat ciia cac ca sa d u lieu n h a m l u u t r u cac t h o n g t i n ve t i e m nang ciia mo 16 thien, cac t h o n g so ciia tat ca cac he t h o n g k y thuat dugc sir d u n g t r o n g m o 16 thien la cac bo t h a m so dau vao cho cac lira chon ciia khau thiet ke 2.4 Module thiet ke M o d u l e bao g o m cac c h u o n g t r i n h ca ban can co de xac d i n h t h i i t u va phan bien g i a i ciia cac m o 16 t h i e n , m i i c dau ra, va qua t r i n h lap ke hoach Cac t h o n g so t h i c h hop ciia he thong san xuat da dugc xac d i n h 2.5 Module lap ke hoach M o d u l e cho biet cac van de ve dia chat, khao sat v a k y thuat: co su can nhac den su chuyen d o n g ciia cac nguon lire, chuan b i cac tai l i e u t i n h toan, phan t i c h cac so lieu khao sat, t r u l i e u ciia qua t r i n h san xuat, m a hoa t u dong v i t r i h i e n tai ciia cac cong viec tai l i e u khao sat, t i n h toan den k h o i l u o n g than l u u k h o , len ke hoach hoat dong cho cac k h o i l u o n g dau va t i n h trang ciia cong viec t r o n g m o 2.6 Module phan tich M o d u l e c a ban bao g o m cac c h u o n g t r i n h ve cong viec dia chat n h u : xay dung bieu va len ke hoach cong viec Cac hoat dong van hanh giao dien hoa co the dugc thuc hien t h o n g qua m o t may ve t h i v a co sir dung m o t m a y i n Sau to cira cac he t h o n g da dugc m o ta a tren se dat nen tang v i m g chac cho he thong DSS t r o n g k h a i thac m o 16 thien, n h u n g tren thuc te n h i e u cong nghe cung can phai phat trien nhieu h o n nua T r o n g do, can co: - Can ket h o p n h u cau ciia tat ca qua t r i n h g i a m sat, v a n hanh doan xe, he thong van hanh cirng m o t m o i l i e n ket; - L o a i bo hoac g i a m t h i e u n h u cau co m o t n g u a i v a n hanh t h a m gia vao cac hoat dong chung ciia he t h o n g ; - X i r l y hieu qua v a co h i e u suat cao cac c a sa d u l i e u so K e t l u a n 162 Hpi nghi Cong nghiep r r khoa hoc kT thuat mo quoc te - 2010 md tien tien vi su phdt trien ben virng T r o n g bai bao nay, chung t o i da t r i n h bay he t h o n g ho t r o viec d u a quyet d i n h cho mo lo t h i e n v o i m u c d i c h cung cap thong t i n can co cho n g u o i v a n hanh thiet b i m o de t o i uu hoa cong viec t r o n g k h a i thac m o va dam bao t i n h hieu qua v a h i e u suat N g o a i ra, bai bao cung t r i n h bay qua t r i n h xay d u n g he t h o n g DSS cho m o 16 t h i e n , t r o n g can u u t i e n thuc hien m o t so cong viec de ket h o p tat ca cac yeu to vao m o t m i quan he Tdi lieu tham khdo [1] J P S h i m , M W a r k e n t i n , J F Courtney, D J Power, R Sharda, and C Carlsson, "Past, present, and f u t u r e o f decision support t e c h n o l o g y , " J Dec Support vol 33, no 2, pp 1 - , June 2002 [2] B R o y and D Bouyssou, Aide E C O N O M I C A , 1993 Multicritere a la Decision: Methodes [3] C Carlsson and E T u r b a n , " D S S : directions f o r the next decade," J.Dec Syst., v o l 33, no 2, pp - 1 , June 2002 Syst., et Cas: Support [4] I A M e y s t e l , " T h e tools o f intelligence: A r e we smart enough to handle them?," i n Proc European Workshop June - , 0 , pp - Intelligent Forecasting, DiagnosisControl, Santorini, Greece, [5] M o d u l a r M i n i n g System 2000 C o m p a n y i n f o r m a t i o n at w w w m m s i c o m 163 ... thong t i n chinh xac tai mot thoi d i e m ve qua trinh khai thac ciia mo, k h i mot loat thuat toan bien giup t o i u u hoa cong viec khai thac ciia m o T i n h bien ciia cac he thong dieu... he thong GPS va cac cam bien t i e m can da duoc dua vao sir dung N g o a i ra, he thong thu thap cac thong t i n ve trang thai ciia cac thiet b i thong qua viec sir dung cac cam bien dien co cung... quyet dinh chung Modul thiet ke H Modul ke hoach Modul phan tich r Hinh Qua trinh quyet djnh khai thdc lp Trong he thong dieu hanh co the xac dinh cac cong viec lien quan den cac thiet bi thien nham