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Nguyin Thi Hing vd Dtg T^p chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 105(05) 33 38 KHA NANG PHyC HOI M 6 I TRl/OfNG VA CANH QUAN TlT NHIEN SAU HOAT DONG KHAI THAC KHOANG SAN TAI TINH THAI NGUYEN Nguyin Thj Hong", Nguy[.]
Nguyin Thi Hing vd Dtg T^p chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 105(05): 33-38 KHA NANG PHyC HOI M I TRl/OfNG VA CANH QUAN TlT NHIEN SAU HOAT DONG KHAI THAC KHOANG SAN TAI TINH THAI NGUYEN Nguyin Thj Hong", Nguyen Thanh Mai Truang Dai hoc Supham •- DH Thai Nguyen TOM TAT Trong nhiJng ndm gdn ddy, khai thac khodng sin d tinh Thdi Nguyen n-d th^nh vdn dl dugc nhilu ngudi quan tam vi dd gdy nhOng anh hudng tieu cue tdi moi trudng vA canh quan ty nhign Nhiing tdc d^ng xdu ndy khong nhihig anh hudng thdi gian hi?n tai, lam can kiet nguIn tdi nguyin mk cdn ldm tin h^i tdi cdc thi hg mai sau Day thyc su Id vdn dl cdp thiit ddi hdi dat nhihig ygu cdu vd hdnh dpng nhat djnh doi vdi chinh quyIn vd nhan dan dia phuong NhiJng nghien ciiu khoi phyc cdnh quan ty nhifin sau khai thdc khodng san tai tinh Thdi Nguyen Idm sdng to hien trang khai thdc, anh hudng ciia hoat d^ng khai thdc khodng san tdi moi trudng ty nhien, dan cu, xd hpi vk dl xuit mpt so giai phdp khoi phyc cdnh quan ty nhien sau khai thdc khoang sdn theo hudng phdt triin bin vQng TCr khda: Khoi phyc, cdnh quan, khai ihdc khodng sdn, linh Thai Nguyen, dia li TAI NGUYEN KHOANG SAN TINH T H A I NGUYEN Thai Nguyen cd tiem nang ldn ve tai nguyen khoang san cau tao dia chat cd nhieu yeu to thuan Ipi cho tao qu§ng, nen co the ndi Thai Nguyen da dupe Ihien nhien uu dai ve tai nguyen khoang san, dd cd ca nhirng khoang san cd gia Iri ddi vdi nen kinh te qudc dan Can cir vao tai lieu dieu tra tim kiem khoang san cho thay, khoang san dudi Idng dll Thai Nguyen rk phong phii va da dang, dd: Nhdm I: Khoang san kim loai gdm cd: quang sat (phan bd chii yeu d huyen Ddng Hy vdi trii' lugng nghien cuu dja chat d mirc dp tham dd la 40,9 trieu tSn), vang sa khoang (lap trung d huyen Ddng Hy, Vo Nhai, Phd Yen vdi trii' lirgng nhd, bj khai thac ty trai phep nen hien da can kiel), vang gdc d Ddng Hy, Dai Tir, Vo Nhai, Phd Yen chua dugc dau lu nghien cdu dja chit, quang thilc gdc phan bo chu ylu a Dai Tir vdi trir lirgng 12.650 tin, quang thilc sa khoang trir lugng cdn lai 665 lin, quang chi kem Iru- lugng cdn lai nhd (md Lang Hich) la 272.673 tin, quang vonfram phan bo d huyen Dai Tir vdi trif lugng ldn Tel 0912.847.549 Email hongsplndiali@gmail com Nhom 2: Than da phan chti yeu d huyen Dai Tir va Tay Bac phd Thai Nguyen Trong dd, than anlraxit c6 md chinh la md Niii Hdng tru' luang la 8,34 trieu tin, md Khanh Hoa trd luong cdn lai tren 40 trieu tan Than md co md Bac Lang Cam va Nam Lang Cam, long tru' Iugng 9,3 trieu tSn, trir lugng cdn lai khoang trieu tan [4] Nhdm 3: Khoang san lit nguyen lieu, vat lieu xay dirng gom cd: cat, sdi (Sdng Cau, Sdng Cdng); dal set liirn gach ngoi, san xuat cao lanh, da vdi lam vat lieu xay dung triJ lugng gan ti m^ tap trung d Ddng Hy, Vd Nhai, Dinh Hoa, Phii Luang; da hoa lam trang tri dp lat d Vd Nhai cd trir tugng 35 trieu lan; da lam xi mang d Ddng Hy, Vo Nhai cd trtr lugng 185 trieu tan, dat set de san xuat xi mang cd d Ciic Dudng (Vo Nhai), Khe Mo (Ddng Hy) IrS lugng 60,1 trieu tan [4] Nhdm khoang san phi kim loai cd: barit, piril, ddldmit, phdtphorit tap trung d huyen Dai Tir, Vd Nhai, Ddng Hy Dang ke la ddldmit trir lugng tham dd la 109,3 trieu lan vdi md d Ddng Hy, Vo Nhai Nhin chung, khoang san tinh Thai Nguyen kha da dang ve mat chiing loai, cd tir cac khoang san kim loai tdi cac khoang san phi kim loai Tuy nhien, cac mo khoang san chii 33 Nguyen Thj Hdng vd Dig T^p chi KHOA HQC & C N G NGHE yeu la cac md nhd, phan bd khong lgp trung Ddng thdi, cac md l^i nam d nhu'ng khu vyc ddi nui vua khd kh3n cho vi^c khai thac vira de bj rira trdi, lam xdi mdn dal dai Do dd, khai thac khoang san ral can phai clui y tdi viin dc HIEN TRANG KHAI THAC Kl I O A N G SANTiNH THAI NGUYEN Tai tinh Thai Nguyen, hi?n chii yeu sir dung phuang phap kliai thac lg Ihicn ddi vdi cac khoang san ran nhir than, sat, chi, kem, thiec, vang, Cdn phuang phap khai thac ham Id rat it dugc ap dyng Phuang phap khoan va bam hilt khoang san ap dyng vdi cac md nu'dc khoang song cdng nghe cdn chua hien dai (i nude ngoai cong nghe da lac hau, vay Viet Nam cdn di sau thdi dai hon nhieu Co nhieu loai phuong lien khai thac khac dugc sir dung hoat ddng khai thac khoang san, liiy thudc vao d§c diem tirng md Ddi vdi cac khoang san ran, khai thac Id Ihien chii yeu su dung min, cac loai may khoan, may xuc de bdc da dat da Ben canh dd, su dyng cac loai phuong lien van tai de van chuyen quang hoac khoang san thd nai che bien hoac tieu thu Rieng vdi khoang san d the ldng (cu the Iii nude khoang) can sd dung may khoan sau diing cac thiet bi de bam hijl vao cac be chii'a Ben canh viec cac loai khoang san dugc khai thac bang may mdc, cae phucmg tien hien dai dugc dau tu bdi cac cong ly, doanh nghiep Idn thi tai nhieu diem md khoang san tren dia ban tinh Thai Nguyen van cd hien tuong kliai thac khoang san trai phep bang cac loai phuong tien thd sa nhu d md sal Trai Cau (huyen Ddng Hy), mo vang sa khoang (xa Than Sa - huyen Vd Nhai), md chi/kem Lang Hich (xa Tan Long, huyen Ddng Hy), hay nhu md titan Cay Cham (huyen Phii Lucmg) Trong mdt nam, phan nhieu cac md chi khai thac thang miia khd (tir thang 10 den thang nam sau), cdn vao miia mua cac md tien hanh bdc dal da, cai lao tang be, triing dai tu va bao dudng may mdc thiet bi (trd cac boat dong khai Ihac ty va khdng cd kiem soat cua Nha nude) 34 105(05): 33-38 NHU'NG BIEN DOI CUA CANH QUAN TLT NHIEN DO HOAT DQNG KHAI THAC KHOANG SAN Do dja hinh phan hoi phirc lap kel hgp vdi dilu ki?n hgu tinh Thai Nguyen da tac dpng ldn den tho nhudng cua tinh: boc tach dal da, khai thac khoang san mat dat bi xdi mdn, rira trdi manh nen tang dat mdng, dIt chua, dp phi kem Nhieu thung lung dupe ciu t^o bdi cac Idp dat set khong tham nude, d dudi cac Idp dll mdi dugc lang dgng, lam nude ngam dang cao, xuat hipn nhirng thung lung dat lay thut, dfit chua va khd canh lac Ddng thdi vc miia mua nude Iran Iren mat dat, bdc mdn mSt dIt gay xdi Id Nude cdn ngam xuong sau lam rira Irdi cac chat lang mat Miia khd Ihi tang mat bj khd ban, nude dua cac dxit sat, nhdm len mat Neu tren mat cd dja hinh bang phang, khdng cd Idp phu thyc vat, lang dat d dudi tang dat mat se bien da ong Trong pham vi cac md khai thac Id thien, khdng chi be mat dja hinh bj bien dang ma ca chl dp nude ngam tai dd cung bi thay ddi, vi the da xay su can kiet ciia cac tang chua nude va che cung cap nude cho cac diem dan cu ciing bj pha va Bdi le khai thac md 16 thien nude se bj rut \a\ khdi lugng rat Idn Ben canh dd, qua trinh khai thac mo cdn gay nhiem ngudn nude mat va hau nhu khdng sir dyng dugc cho sinh hoal va san xuat ndng nghiep Nirdc thai phal sinh lir hoal dpng luyen khoang, tir nude lich dirdi day moong khai thac cd chua nhieu kim loai, dac biel la cac kim loai nang Trong qua trinh khao sat dieu tra cac ca sd khai khoang cho thay, nude thai chi dupe xir ly lang c^n tai cac hd chiJa sau tuan hoan lai qua trinh san \uat Trong phan nude thai d nhilu diem khai thac md co tinh axil, tinh kiem cao, co kim loai nang va cac chat ddc hai Thanh phan dgc hai cac ddng nude thai gdm cd: chat ran la lirng nude, cac loai mudi hda tan nhu SO 2-, N O ' - , cac kim loai nang, dau md va hda chat sir dyng qua trinh khai thac[4] Nguon nude ngam bj suy thoai, can kiel vii thap Nguyin Thi Hing va Dtg Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE muc nude ngam dao moong va khai thac, nhilm cac tang chua nude nggt va Ihlu kinh nirdc ngpl Vi dy: Tai diem khai Ihac vang thudc xS Cay Thj (huyen Ddng Hy), doan sudi d khu vyc da bi biln dang vdi nhu'ng u dat, cat kha cao, canh dd la nhifng hd nham nhd ben bd sudi rpng tren dudi 20m^ va sau chimg 4-5m Viec dao dai vang khien dat rugng bi dao xdi bira bai vii mudn sii dyng duac thi phai bd nhieu cdng sue mdi khdi phuc dirge Sudi Hoan, nai cung cap nude tudi cho 1/3 dien tich dIt trdng liia va trdng che ciia xa Cay Thi dang can kiet va bien dang nghiem trgng Ngoai ra, bien ddi ciia mdi trudng khdng cac hoat dgng khai thac khoang san tai tinh Thai Nguyen (chu ylu la khai thac than) la tao bui va cac dgc hai Bao gdm cac manh vyn da, byi silic, bui than Bui thudng phal sinh qua trinh nd min, dao xiic dat da, bdc xijc va van chuyen khoang san Cac ddc hai gdm cac dang cacbonhydrd (metan, propan, bulan, ), Si02, CO2, CO, N0.1, tra va nhieu loai khac Cac phat sinh lir khdi khoang san dang khai thac va vai lieu nd [1] Anh hudng cdng lac bdc xiic, van chuyen than cung gay nhirng bien ddi khdng nhd tdi khdng Qua trinh hoat ddng ciia cac phuang lien van lai va cac thiet bi bdc xiic dat da va than phat sinh tiing dn, bui va cac doc hai Khi Id chiic khai thac tai khu vyc khai Irudng cd khoang 10 xe van tai 12 tan cua md chay tren cung dudng I - 1,5km va - thill bj boc xuc Iam viec Ngoai ra, cdn cd mpt s6 xe tai ciia khach hang van chuyen than ldi nai lieu thy Tai Thai Nguyen, viec khai thac thilc d xa Ha Thugng (huyen Dai Tir) va khai thac chi/kem d Lang Hich thugc xa Tan Long (huyen D6ng Hy) dang la nhirng diem ndng vl mdi Irudng vl Irong dal cd chiira nhieu asen va cadimi la nhirng kim loai nguy hai tdi mdi trydng va sire khoe ngudi [3] Kit qua phan tich mlu dll tai md than Niii Hdng cho thiy: Ham lugng asen dat tir 105(05): 33-38 202-3.690 ppm (Ippm = phan trieu), gap 17-308 lan Tieu chuSn Viet Nam, cd nai len tdi 15.146 ppm Md chi/kem Lang Hich ciing cd ham lugng chi va kem tuang ung la 13.028 ppm va 9.863ppm, gap 186 lan Tieu chuan Viel Nam ddi vdi chi va 49 lin ddi vdi kem Md titan Ha Thugng cung nhiem asen nghiem trgng, cd nai ham Iugng asen Irong dat len den I4.146ppm, gap 1.262 lan Tieu chuan Viet Nam [4] Mac dil trudc day That Nguyen cd dien lich che phii rimg lu nhien tuang ddi Idn Tuy nhien, hien dien tfch rirng chi dat 44,36% (2011) va chu yeu la rirng thu sinh Tir nhirng lai lieu lich sir va cac dau tich cdn lai, cd the thay phan ldn dien tich ddt niii ciia tinh Thai Nguyen trudc day la nhirng tham rirng day Nhung kbai thac su dyng khdng hgp ly, Idp phii Ihyc vat d tinh Thai Nguyen da suy giam ca ve dien tich va sinh khdi Dieu gay anh hudng xau den tai nguyen sinh vat, suy thoai mdi trudng va tac dgng tieu cyc den kha nang phat trien KT - XH ciia tinh Sy suy giam da dang sinh hoc the hien ro d su tuyet chimg mgt so loai, suy giam ca the d nhieu loiii khac, cd nhieu loai quy hiem Hien vdi viec tich cyc thuc hien cac chuang trinh trdng rirng, phan ldn dien tich dll rirng d cac huyen tinh da dupe che phii bdi cac loai cay ngoai Iai: bach dim, keo, tram bdng viing Tuy nhien da dang sinh hgc d cac rimg Irong rat thap, gia tri ve mdi trudng kem xa so vdi rirng tu nhien trudc day K H A N A N G KHOI PHUC C A N H QUAN TU NHIEN Tren ly thuyel, moi trudng va canh quan ly nhien cd kha nang ly phuc hdi Tuy nhien, chiing la can nhan thiic rd rang rang, viec khdi phyc dd chi mang tinh chat luong ddi Sau da tac ddng gay bien ddi canh quan, lire la khdng chi lac dgng vao mgt phan nhat djnh nao dd ma la toan bd canh quan ndi chung, tire la loan bp cac phan tu nhien Vi the, khdi phuc khdng bao gid trd ve dupe trang thai ban dau Tiiy vao mirc suy thoai se cd thdi gian khdi phuc khac [2] 35 Nguyen Thj Hong vd Dtg T^p chl KHOA HQC & C N G NGHE Nhu vay, mdc dg suy thoai cd mdi quan h^ chat che vdi Ihdi gian khdi phyc ciinh quan Mirc dp suy thoai cimg Idn, thdi gian khdi phyc cang lau va canh quan khd trd l?i Ir^ng thai ban dau Vi?c khdi phyc canh quan sau khai thic khoang san la van dc cap bich, ddi hdi cln phai lam van cdn dang qua trinh khai thac Canh quan doi niii lii mgt h? thong, cac thiinh phan ciia be thong la dia hinh, hgu, tho nhudng, ihuy van, sinh vgt, Giira cac phan cd mdi lien h? qua lai vdi riil mat thiel lao nen tinh hoan chinh cita canh quan Thuc te cho thay ta lac dpng vao mpt hay nhieu Ihanh phan se lam bien ddi cac phan cdn l^i va lam anh hudng tdi trai ly cua he Ihdng Ddng thdi, ban than sy thay ddi ciia cac phan dd lai lac ddng tdi mdi trudng bao quanh chiing Thyc te d md than Niii Hdng (thudc dja phan huyen Dai Tir) da tien hiinh hoan nguyen mdi trudng Ira lai rupng cho dan sau khai thac de lai canh lac Song song vdi cong tac boi thudng giai phdng mat bang md rdng khai Irudng san xuat, cdng tac moi trydng khai thac md cung dugc chii trgng nhu xii' ly bui phal sinh Irong qua trinh san xuat xu ly nude thai va thu hdi cac chal thai ran nguy hai qua trinh sira chiia thiel bj Cdng lac phuc hdi cai tao dat sau khai Ihac than tai Niii Hdng da lao dieu kien Ihuan Ipi giai quyet viec lam va dn dinh ddi sdng cho cac hp dan dia phuang dien bdi thudng Trudc Ihyc trang md than Khanh Hoa (xa San Cam, huyen Phii Luang) cang g^p nhieu khd khan ve van de xir ly dat da thai Irong qua trinh khai thac than ddng thdi nham lan dyng ngudn da vdi nguyen lieu, nha may xi mang Quan Trieu da dupe xay dung vdi cdng suat 820.000 tan/nam nham myc dich giup han che tdi da anh hudng ciia dat da thai qua trinh khai thac than d mo than Khanh Hoa tao Day cung la mpt kinh nghiem xir ly chat thai va bao ve moi trudng kha hi?u qua de khai thac khoang san theo hadng phat trien ben vUng 36 105(05): 33-38 Ben c^nh dd, kinh nghiem khdi phyc can ban nhat la qua trinh khai thac can phai ap dyng nhO'ng quy trinh, cong nghe mdi nham hgn chl phat sinh dgc, byi mdi trudng xung quanh, that nhieu cay xanh de lam giam lugng byi gay d nhilm khdng Dja hinh linh Thai Nguyen lii dgng dja hinh doi niii thap, ve miia mua rat de bi xdi mdn va rira trdi, vi the, can quan lam den Idp phu thyc vat cd lac dyng ngSn chan, lam giam bdt sy rira trdi ciia lap dat be mil Khi Idp phii thyc vat cdn thi dal khd bi xdi mdn rl thyc vai cd tac dyng dilu hoa lugng nydc cd dat va giif dat, cdn da mat Idp phii thyc vgt thi tdc dp dd dien nhanh hon Trong viec sir dyng tai nguyen, ben canh viec khai thac phai chii y tdi trdng rirng de lam giam toi thieu mat Idp phii thyc vat Bdi le, nd khdng chi iam mat dat ma cdn anh hudng ldi ca he thdng sdng ngdi, che dp thuy van se trd nen khac nghiet han Ddng thdi, hau cung cd nhirng thay ddi theo chieu hudng bat Igi, anh hudng tdi cay trdng vat nu6i, cd nghTa la lac dpng gian tiep tdi sy phat trien kinh te Trong quy hogch khai thac khoang san can phin lam theo dudng vanh dai, cimg vdi la khdng nen lien hiinh san lap lu Bdi lay dat d chd mang sang nai khac hogc lap di cac ao hd, sdng ngdi se lam anh hudng tdi tdng the ty nhien chung d khu vuc dd Vi vay, Irong cac hoal ddng khai thac can phai cd quy hoach cy the, cd cac giai phap long the, ddng bg, ket hgp chat che giira cac giai phap ky thuat va chien luge lau dai Va nhat la can phai cd quy hoach khoa hpc, hgp ly [2] Nude la Ihanh phan ly nhien ma kha nang khdi phyc la phirc lap nhat Bdi le, moi trudng nude sau bi tac ddng bdi cac hogt dgng khai thac khoang san thudng d nhiem Idn, cd linh chal lan tda De khdi phyc dugc mdi trudng nude can nhieu nhal la ve thdi gian, tiep la can cdng nghe Xay dung phuang an phdng chong, canh bao, dy bao cac nguy ca lam suy thoai, d nhiem, can kiel ngudn nude ngam khai thac qua mijrc Trong khai thac md ciing can giam thieu lugng nude tieu thy va sii dyng nang lirgng c6 Nguyin Thi H6ng va Dtg Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE hieu qua, ddng thdi ap dung cdng ngh? tai sir dung nude loi da Mudn vay, cac thiet bj sir dyng md phai dam biio lieu hao nSng lypng thIp va thai it chit thai mdi trudng xung quanh Viec chuyen ddi phuang phap khai thac tir Id thien sang him Id cung glim thieu tac ddng tdi mdi trudng, khdc phyc dugc tinh trang d nhiem nude mat, nydc ngam dal da thai gay [3] Khdng khi: Cac phin cua canh quan cd mdi lien he chat che vdi Nlu lam tot dugc khdi phyc he sinh vat, cai lao dupe mdi trudng dIt dai, dja hinh thi khdi phyc mdi trudng khdng la dieu hoan toan cd thi Tuy nhien, d mtic dd nao khdng khdng the lanh hoan loan nhu trudc du lugng ciia cac bui khi, dgc van tdn tai d dg cao nhat djnh va la lirng cac tang khdng Han che nd bang each diing may xiic cd biia pha Dam bao an toan cdng tac khoan, nd Ve lau dai, trdng cay xanh che phii khu vyc xung quanh la bien phap hiru hieu nhat de dam bao mdi Irudng xanh - sgch - dep Dat: Trong kinh nghiem khdi phyc dat nhiem sau khai thac khoang san cdn cd hinh thdc mdi la trdng cac logi cay cd cd kha nang hip thy cac chat dgc hai nhu duang xi, cd man trau, cd vetiver Neu md hinh dugc nhan rdng rai tai nhieu nai khac ciia tinh se lao mdt hudng khdi phyc canh quan ma hieu qua cao, miic chi phi phii hgp vdi dilu kien kinh tl cua linh Khi dll dai mau md, viec phat trien ciia thyc vat tai cac rirng trdng nhanh hon, gdp phan lam giam thdi gian khoi phuc cac phan ciia canh quan tu nhien sau khai Ihac khoang san Sinh vat: Tinh Thai Nguyen nlu lam lot dugc vln dl se gdp phan dang ke cai tao va khoi phyc canh quan tu nhien Tuy ty le che phu rirng nhirng nam gan day cung da tang len dang kl: tir 27% nam 1994, len 37% nam 1999, nam 2011 la 44,36%, nhung tai nguyen rimg va da dang sinh hgc ciia linh van cdn dang d mirc ngheo Cac giai phap dua chii ylu nhal van la rimg, khdi phuc Igi canh quan tu nhien lai cac khu vyc bi bien ddi 105(05): 33-38 hogt dpng khai thac khoang san Ddng thdi vdi dd la phai quan ly tdt h? sinh vgt da khoi phyc de dam bao yeu td ben vu'ng lau dai KET LUAN Van dl khdi phyc canh quan ly nhien sau khai thac khoang san tai tinh Thai Nguyen la d p thiet, phai tien hanh cdc md van thdi gian hoal ddng Canh quan ly nhien mdi cd kha nang khdi phyc dugc Mac dii canh quan da bj khai thac thi khdng the Ird ve hien trang ban dau Ciing vdi cac giai phap khdi phyc canh quan sau khai thac, cac doanh nghiep khai thac, che bien khoang san can chu ddng ddi mdi cdng nghe, hudng tdi cdng nghe sach, tiel kiem lai nguyen vdi mot dgi ngii can bg quan ly, ky Ihuat liinh nghe de phal trien ben vu'ng Cac nganh hUu trach can hoiin thien cac khung chinh sach va phap lugt bao ve lai nguyen, trien khai hieu qua chuang Irinh "Phyc hdi mdi trudng d cac viing khai thac khoang san", danh gia long the tac dgng moi Irudng boat dgng khai thac khoang san de til' de co che, chinh sach phii hop, xay dung he thong tra khoang san cd hieu luc Dac biet, chinh quyen dja phuang nen lap cac trung tam khdi phyc canh quan ty nhien sau khai thac khoang san, ngoai ngudn ngan sach nha nirdc song cung cd the keu gpi dau tu nude ngoai, tir cac td chirc phi chinh phii va thue mdi trudng TAI LIEU THAM K H A O [1] Bdo cdo ddnh gid idc dong mdi irudng - Du dn md rpng khai thdc mo than Bd San lai xa San Cdm - huyen Pha Luang - Tinh Thdi Nguyen Cong ly cd phdn xdy dung vd khai thdc Ihan Thdi Nguyen, 2004 [2] Cdnh quan hoc irng dung A.G.lxatxenko (Ngudi dich Dao Trong Nang), Nxb Khoa hpc va Ky thuat, HaNoi, 1975 [3] Du dn cdi tao moi irudng ciia cdc mo khodng sdn a tinh Thai Nguyen Chi cue bao v^ moi trudng tinh Thai Nguyen, 2010 [4] DI tdi nghien ciiu khoa hpc "Tim hieu khd ndng khoi phuc cdnh quan lu nhien sau khai thdc khodng sdn theo hudng phdt tnen ben virng tai linh Thdi Nguyen", PGS.TS Nguyin Thi Hing, Nguyen Thanh Mai, 2011 37 Nguyin Thj Hing vd Dig Tgp chl KHOA HQC & C N G NGHE SUMMARY POSSIBLE RECOVERY ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL AFTER MINING ACTIVITIES IN THAI NGUVEN PROVINCE 105(05): 33 - 38 LANDSCAPE Nguyen Thi Hong', Nguyen Thanh Mai College of Educalion - TNU In recent years, mining activities in Thai Nguyen province become more interested, because this job has caused ncgiiiive impacts on the environment and natural landscape These negative impacts not only influence Ihe current lime, exhausted national resources but also compromising the needs of future generations, This is really a urgent matter requires to set out certain requirements and actions for local government and the people Restore landscape studies after mining in Thai Nguyen province found mining present situation to nature, population, society and put forth solutions to recover natural landscape after mining issue on sustainable development Kc> words: recover, landscape, mining activities Thai Nguyen province, geography Ngdy nhdn bdi 24/01/2013; Ngdy phdn bi^n 29/01/2013; Ngdy duyel ddng- 06/6/2013 Tel- 0912 847 549 Email hongsptndiali@gmail com 38 ... mdi quan h^ chat che vdi Ihdi gian khdi phyc ciinh quan Mirc dp suy thoai cimg Idn, thdi gian khdi phyc cang lau va canh quan khd trd l?i Ir^ng thai ban dau Vi?c khdi phyc canh quan sau khai. .. canh quan ly nhien sau khai thac khoang san tai tinh Thai Nguyen la d p thiet, phai tien hanh cdc md van thdi gian hoal ddng Canh quan ly nhien mdi cd kha nang khdi phyc dugc Mac dii canh quan. .. phyc dugc Mac dii canh quan da bj khai thac thi khdng the Ird ve hien trang ban dau Ciing vdi cac giai phap khdi phyc canh quan sau khai thac, cac doanh nghiep khai thac, che bien khoang san can