ANH HU6NG CUA NU6C SONG TO LICH D^N M6I TRUCJNG VA StrC KHOE NGU61 DAN 6 KHU VUC VEN S 6 N G NGUYfiN THI BICH NGUY$T * 1 Dat vin de Sdng Td Lich, bit diu ttt cdng Phan Dinh Phttng (quin Ba Dinh), la d[.]
ANH HU6NG CUA NU6C SONG TO LICH D^N M I TRUCJNG VA StrC KHOE NGU61 DAN KHU VUC VEN S N G NGUYfiN THI BICH NGUY$T * Dat vin de Sdng Td Lich, bit diu ttt cdng Phan Dinh Phttng (quin Ba Dinh), la dilm Id dien tten mit cua muong Thuy Khue, chay dpc dudng Thuy Khue vl phfa chp Budi, cit ngang qua dudng Lac Long Quin rdi tdi dudng Hoang Qude Viet Sdng Td Lich dupc thi hien trdn ban dd thinh phd Ha Ndi tfnh ttt dudng Hoing Qude Viet vdi chilu rdng trang binh cia sdng tai diy xip XI 30 m, va dd siu khoang m Ttt dudng Hoing Qude Viet, sdng chay dpc dudng Budi tdi Ciu Giiy, rdi theo dudng Ling tdi Ciu Mdi Doan sdng cd chilu rdng dao ddng khoang 30-40 m, chilu siu ttt 3-4 m San dd, sdng Td Lich tilp tuc chay dpc theo dudng Kim Giang, Dai Kim, Thmh Liet vl phfa Nam Tp Hi Ndi t d i khu vyc Nhi miy Son Ha Ndi, sdng Td Lich re nhinh, mdt nhinh chay sang hudng Ddng dd vl sdng Kim Nguu (phfa hd Ydn Sd), mdt nhinh chay xudi theo hudng Nam qua ciu Td, vi dd vio sdng Nhud Sdng Td Lich li mdt ttong sdng chfnh quan ttpng ttong hd thdng thoit nudc thai Ha Ndi Nudc thai trdn sdng Td Lich chu ylu li nudc thai sinh boat vi mdt phin Ii nudc thai cdng nghidp Sy hinh hydrd sunfua ttong nudc thai la qui ttinh phin biy cic hop chit huu co cd chia luu huynh hoic qua ttinh k h i sunphat vi khuin xay ttong phin bun ling cua dudng cdng thoit nudc vd sinh vi nhung dudng ttue chfnh Sunphit hoa tan xuit hien ttong nudc thai nhung dilu kien sau: - Nudc cd chia ft oxy boa tan Thdi gian tdn du liu ttong he thdng thu gom nudc cdng - Hpp chit hun co cd chia luu huynh Trong nudc thai, luu huynh cd ngudn gdc ttt ngudn chinh nhu sau: IS (1) Cac hpp chit vd co cd chia luu hu^nh nhu: sunphat, thiosunphat, cd ttong ngudn nudc cip (2) Cic hpp chit vd co cd chia luu hu^nh nhu: sunphat, thiosunphat, cd ttong ngudn ngim, nudc mat khic xim nhip vao he thdng thoit nudc (3) Cic hpp chit vd CO, protein cd chia luu huynh hoic sunphat vd co cd ttong nudc thai sinh hoat (4) Cic hpp chit vd co, httu co cd chia luu huynh cd ttong ngudn nudc thai cdng nghiep H2S ttong ty nhien sinh cic qui trinh boat ddng cua nui lia vi sin phim cua qua trinh phin biy protein ddng vit vi thyc vit nhd sy tic ddng cua vi khuin Rit nhilu loai vi khuin, nim thai HjS qui trinh phin buy cic chit chia cic axit amin cd luu huynh vi qua trinh tryc tilp sunphat Hydrd sunfua hinh thinh ttong nudc thai dupc sinh boat ddng cua cic nhdm vi khuin ki khf Desulfovibrio (nhdm vi khuin gram im) vi Desulfotomaculum (nhdm vi khuin gram duong) Mac dtt hydrd sunfua khdng ddng gdp true tilp vao hidn tupng iin ien toin ciu, nhung sy phit tin cua nd lai cd anh hudng din hidn tupng axit hda vi tic ddng din sic khoe Khi HjS cd tilm ning axit hda (Acidification Potential) quy ddi tucmg duong 1,88 lin khf SO2, tilm ning ddc tfnh ddi vdi sic khoe (Human Toxicity I'otential) li 0,22 lin quy ddi tuong duong hpp chit para-diclorobenzen (p-CeH4Cl2) Hidn da cd nhilu nghien cihi vl hd thdng cip thoit nudc cflng nhu mdi tmdng cic Nguyen Thi Bich Nguyit, Ths Vifen NC M6i triremg vi Phit tri^n bin vumg NguySn Thj Bich Nguydt - Anh hudng cda nudc sdng T6 Ljch den mdi trudng kha ning phit thai khf H2S ttt sdng vi nhttng anh hudng den sic khde ngudi din sdng d nhiing khu vyc cd sdng Td Lich di qua ddng sdng nhin nudc thai ttdn dia bin Tp Ha Ndi Tuy nhidn, hiu hit nhttng nghidn ciu ndi tren chua dl cip dlh ngudn x i thai, kha ning phat thai mdt sd khf ddc cd anh hudng din sic khoe ngudi din vi giy tdn kem cflng nhu thiet hai cho he thdng thoit nudc phd Hi Ndi Do viy, bii bio niy dl cip din kit qui dinh gii chit lupng nudc sdng Td Lich, BANG TT Ky hieu miu pH Anh hudng nudc sdng Td Lich den mdi trudng nude, khdng khu vyc ven song 2.1 Ddnh gid chdt lugng nudc tren song To Lich so vdi tiiu chuan nu&c mat 1: Ket qua phin tfch chit lupng nudc sdng Td Ljch DO COD BOD, Fe TSS NH4* mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l Vi tri Iiy miu Hoing Qude Viet Nl 7,24 0,48 283 162,4 0,68 448 22,4 N2 7,25 0,26 264 144.8 0,72 480 18,6 Ciu Giiy 553 14,6 Hda Muc N3 7,51 0,12 305 168,4 0,56 N4 7,48 0,18 327 186,2 0,62 528 •13,5 N5 7,61 0,22 478 218,6 0,41 530 28,4 Gii tri pH cua sdng Td Lich dupc dao ddng ttt 7,24 din 7,61, gii tri pH niy nim gidi ban quy chuin QCVN 08:2008/BrNMT (tidu chuin Al: pH ttt din 8,5) Gii tti pH cd xu thi ting t i diu ngudn (Hoing Qude Viet - Nl) din cudi ngudn (Dip Thanh Lidt -N5) Gii tri BOD5 cua sdng Td Lich dupc dao ddng ttt 144,8 dl'n 218,6 mg/l, gii tti BOD5 vupt qui ri't nhilu so vdi quy chuin QCVN b8:2008/BTNMT (tidu chuin B2: < 25 mg/l) Gii tri niy ting ttt diu ngudn (Ciu Giiy - N2) din cudi ngudn (Dip Thanh Liet - N5) Gii tri COD cua sdng Td Lich dupc dao ddng ttt 264 din 478,0 mg/l, gii tii vupt qui quy chuin QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT cho phip (tieu chuin B2: mg/l) Gii tri niy biln ddi theo tttng vi tri Iiy miu cd thi Ngtm ciru Phit triin bin vitng, si 1(34)- Thing 3/2012 Dinh Cdng Dip Thanh Liet sdng Td Lich cd nhilu cia xa Idn vi hdi tu cua cic sdng nhinh Gii tri Fe cua sdng Td Lich dupc dao ddng ttt 0,72 din 0,41 mg/I, gii tti niy nim ttong gidi ban tidu chuin QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT cho piiep (tieu chuin B2: mgA) Gii tti cd xu thi giam xudng ttt diu ngudn (Ciu Giiy - N2) din cudi ngudn (Dip Thanh Liet N5) Gii tti TSS cua sdng Td Lich dupc dao ddng ttt 448 din 553 mg/I, gii tri niy vupt qui tidu chuin QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT cho phep (tieu chuin B2: 100 mg/I) nhieu lin (ttt din lin) Gii tti niy cd xu thi tang ldn ttt diu ngudn (Hoing Qude Viet - Nl) din cudi ngudn (Dip Thanh Liet - N5) Gii tri NH4+ cua sdng Td L4ch dupc dao ddng tii i3,5 din 28,4 mg/l, gii tri niy vupt qui tiiu chuin QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT cho phep (tieu chuin B2: mg/l) nhilu lin (ttt 14 din 28 lin) Gii tri niy biln ddi theo tttng vi tri Iiy miu cd thi sdng Td Lich cd nhilu cia xa Idn va hdi tu cua cic muong nhinh 2.2 Anh hudng nudc sdng din chdt lugng nu&c ngdm cua khu vuc ddn cu sdng ven sdng m NguySn Thi Bich Nguydt - Anh hudng cOa nudc sdng Td Uch den mdi trudng BANG Vitri Iiy miu (each sdng) 50m 100m 150m KMH Ket qua ngoai hien trudng CO t pH DO Dp due D °C NGl' NG2' NG3' 2: Ket qua phin ti'ch miu nude gieng khoan 26 25,9 27,5 7,18 7,39 7,63 BOD Coliform Nts Pts Kts mg/l mg/l mg/l 152 13,0 14,0 0,97 0,93 1,03 528 528 17,59 (mg/l) mg/l mg/l mg/l MPN/lOOml 1,45 128 1,05 102 45 37 48,0 592 69,3 25,46 30,11 40,05 410 360 320 hon so vdi cic gidng d xa sdng hon Theo bang phin tich, cho thiy chit Iupng Chit Iupng nudc ngim tai khu vyc ven nudc sdng suy giam klo theo chit lupng nudc sdng dang bi nhilm httu co gilng khoan cua khu vyc ven sdng cflng bi anh hudng Tit ca cic thdng sd ttdn dlu vupt 2.3 Anh hu&ng nu&c sdng den chdt qui tieu chuin nudc ngim cho phep Gilng lugng mdi truarng khdng ven sdng Td khoan d gin sdng cd cic chi sd d nhilm cao Lich Bang 3: Ket qua HjS khdng khu vyc Thdn Trung va Bang A TT Ky hieu mlu Ket qua (|ig/m^) Kl (ven sOng) K2 (cich sOng 50 m, ngupc gid) K3 (cich sOng 150 m, ngupc gio) K4 (cich sOng 50 m, xuOi gid) K5 (cich sOng 200 m, xuOi gid) Ven sdng m i c dd d nhilm mtti rit nang, him lupng HjS khdng vttng ven sdng l i 78 fig/m' dilu kien d diu hudng gid, dilu kidn binh thudng Gii tri H2S tai vi tri cich xa bd sdng 50 m xip xi dat mic bang ngudng gidi ban cho phep theo quy chuin ky thudt qude gia vl mdt sd 78 42