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Nghien cOu Ichoa hoc ''''Jhdjta 02 nam 20n NGHIEN Cl]fU KHA NANG THU HOI BIOGAS TIT ROM RA BANG QUA TRlNH PHAN HOY KY KHf Studying biogas collection from rice straw by anaerobic decomposition o ThS Tran[.]
Nghien cOu Ichoa hoc 'Jhdjta 02 nam 20n NGHIEN Cl]fU K H A N A N G THU HOI BIOGAS TIT ROM RA BANG QUA TRlNH PHAN HOY KY KHf Studying biogas collection from rice straw by anaerobic decomposition o ThS Tran Ngpc Hgnh Khoa Ndng nghiep TOM TAT De tdi dupe thuc hien tren md hinh phdn huy ky kho mpt giai dogn co the tich 120 lit vdi nguyen lieu ddu vdo Id ram kho (RK) dupe phai kho cdt nhd Kel qud dgt dupe qua ldn thi nghiem nhu sau: - Ham lupng melon dgt cao nhdt la 87% a thi nghiem - Ndng sudt sinh Oh biogas/lkg ODM) cao nhdt Id 60 III dgt duac d thi nghiem Kit qud ndy dd khdng dinh: hodn todn co the thu hdi biogas tir RK Tuy nhien, kit qud nghien cuu mdi chi la budc ddu ddnh gid khd ndng thu hoi biogas, de co the dp dung vdo thgc te tht cdn phdi co nhimg budc nghien ciru tiep theo nhdm ddnh gid hieu qud sinh vd hieu qud kinh te Tir khoa: biogas, metan, sdn xuat biogas, phdn heo, rem kho ABSTRACT The study was performed on the model of one-stage dry anaerobic decomposition that has 120 film volume, the experimental material was dried and chopped rice straw The results after experiment times were as follows: - The highest methane content is 87% in experimental phase - The highest methane yield Oder biogas/lkg ODM) is 60 liters in experimental phase This result helped to confirm: We can completely collect biogas from rice straw However, the results of this study are just thefirst step to evaluate the ability of collecting biogas; to apply it in real life, we should have subsequent studies to evaluate both productivity and economic effect of biogas Gidl THI£U Bac Lieu cung cac tinh Ddng bdng sdng Ciru Long khae dupe xem la vua liia ldn nhdt cd nude, do lupng chat thdi tir Udng liia nhu ram ra, vd trau Id khd ldn Tuy nhien phan ldn ram hay trau sinh thudng dupe ddt bd hoac dung sinh boat nau nudng true tiep, hoEit dpng se phdt thai mdi trudng mdt lupng CO^ gay d nhiem khdng Ngoai ra, ram cd the dupe chSt W THdNG TIN KHOA HOC GlAo DUC ^hdjuf 02 ndtn 2015 Nghien cOU Ichoa hgc ddng ngoai trdi cho phdn huy tu nhien hoac li true tiep vao cdy trdng de lam phan bdn, nhumg qud trinh phdn huy rat Idu, cay Udng se khdng hdp thu het hoan toan eac chat dinh dudng Muc tieu eiia nghien ciiu la khao sdt khd ndng sinh metan ciia ram bdng phuang phap len men ky khd mdt giai doan Thi nghiem se trd Idi: - Khd ndng sinh me-tan cua ram the hien qua the tich biogas thu hdi va ham lupng CH^ PHLTOfNG PHAP THlTC HIEN 2.] Vat lieu vd md hinh thi nghiem a Vat lieu thi nghiem Ram khd lay tren dia ban tinh Bac Lieu Phan heo kho, nude thai chudng heo, bun thdi biogas va chg phdm vi sinh tried - Dai hpe ^'' Can Tha dupe su dung dS thiic ddy qua trinh sinh Hmh 1: Ram sau xir ly Hmh 2: Phdn heo kho Hinh 3: Mdu nuac thdi chudng heo Hinh 4: Mdu bim thai biogas b Mo hinh thi nghiem T H N G T I N KHOA HOC GIAO DUC Nghien cdu khoa hgc -~* ^^ a w _,„^ Jso r» 60 a) MtliD(iitlj) Hinh 11: The tich biogas theo thai gian * — • — u s O lO i 20 40 so 80 llioigiaDtngHy) Hinh 12: Hdm lupng CH^ theo thdi gian Tir dd thi hinh 12 ta thdy hdm luong CH^ tang dieo thdi gian phan buy, ldn lupt la 41.4%, 44.7%, 52.8% Tuy nhien theo iy thuySt thi CH^ dao dpng khoang tir 55-65%, nen ket qua van edn thdp va biogas sinh chua X\\h thu hdi de lam nguyen lieu ddt dupe {Trung, 2008, tr279-280) Ham lupng metan tang theo thdi gian la thdi gian phan huy keo dai, cac dieu ki?n mdi Uudng ddn ddn dn dinh vd thuan lpi cho su phdt trien cua he vi khuan sinh metan O dd thi hinh 11 ta thdy the tieh biogas sinh nhanh Uong thdi gian ddu, tir thdi diem 60 Ud di thi gidm ch|im ddn la ty le C/N ciia hon hpp nguyen lieu ddu vao Id 27/1 ndm ty lp C/N tdi T H N G TIN KHOA HOC GIAO DUC Nghien cdu khoa hgc ^•Jhditg 02 $tdin :£015 uu 25-30:1 eho qua trinh phat Uiln eua hon hpp vi sinh vat, vi Uil nd gdp phdn thiic day qud trinh phdn hu\ xdy nhanh hon {Trung 2008: Thdnh 200') c Kit qud thi lich biogas vd hdm luane meian a thi nshiem Hinh 13: T h e tich biogas theo th5i gian Hinh 14: Hdm lirong CH^ (heo th6'i gian Tir dd thi binh 14 ta thay hdm lupng CH^ theo thdi gian phdn hiiy ldn lupt Id 53.3%, 87%, 75.9%; gid Ui trung binh la 72.06% ± 12.5% Theo ly thuyit thi CH^ dao dpng khodng tir 55-65%, nen ket qud na\ cao ban so vdi ly thuyet rdt nhieu, biogas sinh hodn todn co the ldm nguyen lieu dun ddt dupe {Trung, 2008, tr279-280) Mac khae, d dd thi hinh 13, ta thay the tich biogas d thdi gian ddu tang cham vd tang nhanh tii thdi diem 30 den 50 ngay, tii thdi diem 60 ngdy Ud ve sau, the tich biogas giam ehdm; dieu ndy ed the gidi thich ty le C/N eiia hon hpp nguyen li?u ddu vdo la 37/1 eao hem so vdi ty I? C/N tdi uu cho vi sinh vgt phat trien So sanhvm kit qua ciia lan thi nghiem ta thdy thdi diem 60 ed the ehpn la thdi diem ket thiic me li cho thi nghiem Uong de tdi nghien ciiu ndy d Udc tinh hieu sudt phdn hiiy chdt thdi vd ndng sudt sinh cua cdc thi nghiim Tir ket qua ciia edc thi nghiem ta tinh dupe hieu suat phdn buy chat thdi thdng qua khoi lupng vat chdt khd DM {Dry Matter) the hien qua bdng Bang 6: Hieu suat phan hiiy chat thai d thi nghiem TT Khoi luung nguyen lieu dau vao (kg) Kh6i Iirong chat thai dau (kg) Hi^u suat phan huy (%) Lan 4kg phan heo kho + 4kg rom kho 21 kg (78.8%) -^ 4.452 (12%) + lit bun biogas (68%) -» kg DM (0%) 10.24 kg DM (0%) 56.5 Lan 4kg rom kho (12%)+ lit biin biogas 28 kg (78.4%) -^ 6.048 (68%) + 18 kg chit thai sau n biogas kg DM (0%) (78.8%) -^ 8.936 kg DM (0%) 32.32 Lan 4kg rom kho (12%) + lit bun biogas 43 kg (79.4%) -^ 8.858 (68%) + 27 kg chdt thai sau u biogas kg DM (0%) (78.4%) - 10.952 kg DM (0%) 19.12 TH6NG TIN KHOA HOC GIAO DUC Nghien cdu khoa hgc -ctnati^ 02 ndm 2015 Do d thi nghiem khdng thu dupe biogas d thdi gian dau nen ta ehi tinh dupe nang sudt sinh d thi nghiem va dupe the hien qua bang Bang 7: Nang suat sinh biogas d thi nghiem va ODM ddu vao (kg) ODM dSu (kg) ODM phan hiiy (kg) The tich biogas (lit) Nang suat sinh (lit biogas/1 kg ODM) Lan 5.7 0.84 4.86 246 Lan 4.46 1.44 3.02 182 50.6 60.3 Tir bdng ta thdy mac du d thf nghi?m thu dupe the tich biogas cao ban d thi nghiem nhien tinh theo khdi lupng vat chdt khd bj phdn huy thi nang sudt sinh d thi nghiem dat hieu qud cao han Mac du vdy so sanh vdi hieu suat sinh ciia ram xu ly bang qua trinh ky udt tir 10 - 20 la - lit biogas/lkg VS {Volatile Solid) {Felix Maramba, 1978 trSO) thi ndng sudt chi bang 1/3 Ktl LUAN VA KIEN NGHI Thi nghiem nghien ciiu kha ndng thu hdi biogas tir ram bang qud trinh phan hiiy ky mdt giai doan {vdi dilu kien dp dm mdi Uudng ky < 80%) budc ddu da dat dupe mdt sd ket qua nhu sau: Ham lupng metan cao nhdt la 87% va nang sudt sinh {lit biogas/ 1kg ODM) la 60 lit dat dupe d ldn thi nghipm Vdi ket qua dat dupe d nghien ciiu nd dd khdng dinh dupe rdng: Hodn toan cd thi thu hdi biogas tir ram bdng qua uinh phdn buy ky khd Ben canh dd, lupng nude thai dau it, chdt thdi sau li biogas (vdi dp dm 79% va ty le C/N Id 33.4) hoan toan cd the ldm phdn h&u co bdn cho cay Udng, gdp phan giam thieu chdt thai gay d nhiem moi trudng Tuy nhien hieu qud eiia cdng nghe xii ly ehdt thdi rdn bdng phuang phdp phdn buy ky khd cdn phu thudc vdo nhilu ylu td nhu nguyen lieu ddu vdo, cac dieu kien mdi trudng, he thdng phdn huy Ddng thdi, d l cd thi ling dung cdng nghe xir ly ky khd vdo thue te thi cdn phdi ed nhiing budc nghien ciiu tilp theo nhu khdo sat khdi lupng ram sinh theo miia vu, nhu cdu su dung ram cua ngudi dan, nang cao hieu qua sinh cung nhu hieu qua kinh te eua phuong phdp ndy LOfI CAM TA Tdc gia chan thdnh edm an ban Nguyen Hiiu Phong, quy thay cd vd phdng Qudn ly khoa hpc trudng Dai hpc Bac Lieu da giiip dd Uong qud Uinh thuc hien de tdi cung nhu gdp y hoan ehinh bao cao TAI LIEU THAM KHAO L Nguyin Hiru Phong, 2009 Khao sdt khd ndng^ sinh melon (CHj tic phdn heo - luc binh vd phdn heo - ram sau it ndm ram, trudng DH Can Tha {dp an VIE/020 - Luc binh, Hgu Giang), Viet Nam Pham Van Thanh, 2007 Cdngngh? sinh hpc vd mo hinh Biogas VACVINA cdi tiin Nha xudt ban Lao dpng & Xa hpi Le Diic Trung, 2008 Qudn ly chdi thdi rdn Nha xudt ban Dai hpc Qu6c gia TP HCM, trang 255-304 Felix Maramba, ! 978 Biogas and Waste Recycling - The Phillipine Experience; Metro Manila, Phillipines T H N G TIN KHOA HOC GIAO DUC ... gian tCr liie bat dau cho dSn trudc thdi diem 86 ngdy khdng thu dupe the tich biogas sinh (the hien qua dd thi hinh 9, thi tich biogas thu dupe ciia toan thi nghiem la 18.2 lit), ddng thdi hdm... sinh da thuan thuc b Kit qud the tich biogas vd hdm hrang melon a thi nghiim A f\ —6 1- '' / \V/r\\ / // •S3 ^ V \\ /( \ V;>-~* ^^ a w _,„^ Jso r» 60 a) MtliD(iitlj) Hinh 11: The tich biogas theo... hiiy (kg) The tich biogas (lit) Nang suat sinh (lit biogas/ 1 kg ODM) Lan 5.7 0.84 4.86 246 Lan 4.46 1.44 3.02 182 50.6 60.3 Tir bdng ta thdy mac du d thf nghi?m thu dupe the tich biogas cao ban d