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KHOA HQC CONG NGHE Tfiil u u HOA KHA IMAIXIG TOMG HOP CHAT K £ T TU SIIMH HOC CIJA CHLIIMG VI KHUAIM Bacillus subtUis PO OB B VA THU IMGHIEM XU LY IMUQC THAI TU CQ 5 Q SAIM XUAT BUIM It Tlii Loan^ Cao[.]
KHOA HQC CONG NGHE Tfiil u u HOA KHA IMAIXIG TOMG HOP CHAT K £ T TU SIIMH HOC CIJA CHLIIMG VI KHUAIM Bacillus subtUis PO.OB.B VA THU IMGHIEM X U LY IMUQC THAI TU CQ Q SAIM XUAT BUIM It Tlii Loan^ Cao Nggc Di^p^ T6MTAT Nuoc thai tir co sd san xuat bun vin chiia mot lugng ldn chat hiru ca nhat la lugng tinh bgt gao cdn l^i se gay nhiSm nude nen can phai duoc xir ly trudc thai moi trudng Chat k6t tu sinh hpc (bioflocculants) la mot hgp chat cao phan tu dugc tong hop qua trinh phat tri^n cua cac vi sinh vaL Chiing CO tac dung nhanh chong va an loan cho ngudi va moi trudng nen dupe nghi&n ciru va img dung d^ xir ly mrdc thai Chiing vi khuan Bacillus subtilis PO.03.B dugc phan lap lu miu nude thai co sd san xuat hii ti^u My Tho d tinh T\kn Giang, c6 kha nang tong hop chat k^t tu sinh hpc vdi thinh phan m6i truong tdi uu cho kha nSng tdng hgp chat ket tu sinh hoc gdm Unh bot (1,0%) ure (0,05%) FeCI^ (0.75%) d pH cho ty 1§ k^t tu 79.57% vdi dung dich kaolin sau phut d^ ling, bo sung dung dich CaCl;, va 0.05% dich nuoi sinh khdi VI khuan Ung dung chung vi khuan xir ly nuoc thai ca sd san xuat biin da lim giam cac chi sd BOD5, chi sd TSS, chi sd nito tdng, chi sd photpho tong va ham luong amonium I^n lugt la 17,76% 11.26% 21,87%, 21,67% va 36,61% so v6i chi sd ban dau Chi tieu tdng chit ran la lirng va ham lupng amoni dgt tieu chuan A cita quy chuan QCVN_ 40/2011/BTNMT TLT khda: Bacillus subtilis, nguon carbon, nguon nitrogen, kd't tu sinh boc, nudetiiaica sd san xuat biin, pH I.GNlTHiU Sg k^t tu nude dugc chia lam nhdm chinh gom: Ket tu vd ca nhu phen chua (aluminium sulphate va cloride aluminium), ket tu hiru co tdng hop (cic din xuat tir polyaciylamide vdi polyethylene Imme vi cic chat ket tu tu nhien nhu chitosan, sodium algmate) vi ket tu bdi vi sinh vat (microbial flocculants) Cic chat ket tu hda hpc hiy CO gii thinh thip nhung lai anh hudng ddn sire khde ngudi vi mdi hirdng, chdng han nhu cac hgp chat k^t hi cua nhom la nguyen nhin gay benh Alzheimer (Kurane etal., 1994), cdn cac din xuat tir polyacrylamide la dpc td cho he than kinh va li chat gay ung thu, khd phin hiiy lir nhien (Yokoi et al., 1996) Trai lai, chat ket hi sinh hoc (bioflocculants) li chat dugc tdng hpp tir vi smh vit, cd tac ditng nhanh chdng vi an toin cho ngudi va mdi truang (Sheng etal, 2006) Cdng nghe ket hi (Flocculahon technology) da duoc su dimg rpng rii h'ong linh vuc xti ly nuoc thai ' N'CS chuyen nganh Vi sinh vat hpc, Tnrdng Dai hpc Can Tho Vi?n Nghien ciiu vii Phat tri^n Cdng nghe Sinh hoc Tnidng Dai hpc C5n Tho dac biet li cdng doan tien xir ly ciia nhi^u h$ thdng xu ly nhd uu diem li diu tu ca sd tang nhd vi thdi gian xit ly ngin Su ket tu sinh hpc li su ket tu cic vit chat la limg nude giup lam giam cic chi tieu nhu COD TSS vi tir giup lim giam mot phan dp diic cua nude thai trudc dupe xu ly bing phuong phip khic (Gong et al, 2008) Mpt sd nghien cun cho thiy img dung chat k^t hi smh hpc xu ly nude thai nhir chat ket tu sinh hpc cd ngudn gdc tir vi sinh vat dupe sir dung d^ xir ly nude thil tir xi nghiep nhupm (Zang et al., 2002; Deng et al., 2005) cac chat la limg vd co (bentonite, dat set, Ca(OH);,, aluminum oxide), (Shih et al., 2001; Yun etal., 2007), acid humic (Zoubouhs et al., 2004) vi cic chat la lung khic (Salehizadeh et al., 2000) Trong nghien cuu nay, da xie dinh didu ki^n tdi uu hda cac y&u td inh hudng den su tdng hgp chat ket til sinh hpc cung nhu ty le k^t tij sinh hoc cua chung vi khuin Bacillus subtilis PO.03.B duoc phin lap tir nude thai cua cac ca so sin xuit hu tieu My Tho, tinh Tien Giang (Le Thi Loan et al.„ 2018) va thtr nghiem hieu suit xti ly nude thai cua cic co sd san xuat bun thdng qua xie dinh cac chi deu B 0D-, vi TSS, him luong nita tdng, ham lugng photpho tdng (P) va ham lupng amonium phan NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY - THANG 10/2019 63 KHOA HOC COHO riU.-— nuoe thai Z VAT LfilVAPWDNG PHAP 2.1 Phuong t i ^ Su dung chiing vi khuan BaciUus sutibs PO.03.B phin lip tu nuoc thai ciia cac ca so sin xuat hu tieu My Tho tinh Tien Giang (Le Thi Loan etal 2018) thoi gian nudi sinh khoi vi khuan sau 96 gia cho ly le kdt tu cao nhal cd d mdt -^c vi khuan tren x U' tuong tmg Ol),,., = 1.24 ± 0.(12, Nude thai cua U bun DU^T\ so 32/10 duong Bui Him N'ghia K\7 phudng Binh Thuy Q Binh Thuy TP Cin Tho) Ket qua ham lupng cac chi Ueu ban dau cua ngudn nude thai (sau biogas) duge Uinh bay o b i n g Bing Him Itrgng ckc chi tifiu ban diu cua nude thai ca sd sin xuit biin ., Ham Chi lieu lumlg pH Aiiionium (N_NH,*) mg/L Phosphate (P_PO,^) mg/L Djin tdng (TKN) mg/L Phospho long (TP) mg/L Nhu cau oxi smh hoc (BODO mg 0^/L Tong chat ran la lung (TSS) mg/L 4.05' 11.2' 179,2 = 17.7 -• 1520 = 36,4 - Rhu.y Hoa Ky sau Ai ySn = Ph" n " ^ ^^ ^^^.^ trtn each mat ntnx- cm iunc hu - ^ * ^ * * due quang ph6 W (Spectrophotometer) " ' ' " ^ ^ ^ ^ 550 «,, (Deng etal 20O3) Mau f ' ^ ' ^ f ^ tu«T,g ttr nhimg khong bo sung dich v khuan, ty le ket til diroc tinh theo cong thirc: ODa„d,.^ OD,j„ X 100% ODa.,d„«K- Phirong phap nav duoc sir dung de xac dinh ty 16 ket tu smh hpc cua chung vi khuin Bacillus subtilis PO.03.B tat ca cac thi nghiSm 2.3 Tdi mi hda cac yiu td anh huong d & k h i nang tdng hpp chit kit tu sinh hpc v4 hi^u suit Ut tu ciia chiing vi khuin Badllus subtilis PO.03.B Cac thi nghiem dupe bd tri theo the thiic ngiu nhien hoan loan de khao sat anh hirong cua pH moi tnrong, phan moi tnrong nudi u, cac mudi kim loai va nong dp dung dich vi khuan bo sung d & hieu suat ket tu sinh hpc cua chiing vi khuin Bacillus subtilis PO.03.B Tir dp xac dmh dirpc cac di^u kien thich hpp de chiing vi khuin cho hieu qua kA tu sinh hpc cap nhat 2.3.1 Khad sat anh hudng ciia pH mdi tiirdng nudi u (Nguon: ' Phan tich tai ITN I / sinh vat mdi Anh hirong ciia pH mdi tnrdng nudi u d^n kha tnrdng - 'icn SC&PT Cdng nghd Smh hoc, Trudng nang tong hpp chit ket tu sinh hoc ciia chiing vi D^i hpc Cin Tlia - Phan ti'ch tai Phdng tiii nghidm khuin Bacillus subtilis PO.03.B dupe khao sat chuydn sau - Trmmg Dai hoc Can Tha) khoang pH tir den 11 22 Xie dinh ty 1$ k^t hi sinh hpc Thi nghiem duoc thuc hien gom nghiem thiic Chiing vi khuan Bacillus subtilis PO.03.B diroc tirong img voi mdi nghiem thlic la mpt gia tri pH nudi cay 50 ml mdi truong tdng hop chat kdt tu khac nhau: 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11 M6i nghiem thirc sinh hgc polysaccharide (Deng etal 2003) vdi thinh dugc thuc hien vdi lin lap lai Chiing vi khuin dupe phin cac chat gom 10 g glucose g KH^POj g nudi moi tnrcmg tong hop chit ket tu sinh hpc K HPO, 0,1 g MgSO,.7H.O 0,1 g NaCl, 0.5 g polysaccharide (Deng etal, 2003) vdi gia tri pH dupe carbamide, 0.5 g yeast extract, 20 g agar (bo sung dieu chinh phii hpp d timg nghiem thlic bing dung dd mdi truang thach), nuoc cat bd sung du lit dich HCl IM hay NaOH IM (Merck) Lie tren may va dieu chinh gii tn pH=7 Irong binh tam giac 100 lac xoay vdng p tdc dp 160 vdng/phiit a nhiet dp ml Lie ti-en miy lie xoay vong d tdc 1(>0 30"C Sau thdi gian ngay, dung dich vi khuan se vdng/phut d nhiet dn 30 C duoc danh gia kha nang ket tu theo phirong phap da Dung dich vi khuan sau thdi gian nudi u dupe md ta d muc 2.2 Tu dd chon diroc gia tri pH dupe sir dung de kiem tra kha nang ket tu bang hdn mdi truong nuoi smh khdi thich hpp chp su tong hop hop gdm 90 ml dung dich kaohn (5 g/l) 10 ml dung chat ket tu sinh hoc dat hieu qua kit tu cao nhat dich CaCl 1% va bd sung 100 pi dung dich vi khuan vdi mat -^o >10' td bao/nil (ti le 0.1%) Hdn hop duac khuiy deu 60 vong/phut 30 giiy bang miy 2.32 Kliao sal anh hudng aia ngudn carbdn, nitrogen va khoang vd co Cac nguim carbon, nitrogen va khoang vd cp N O N G N G H I E P V A PHATTRIEN N O N G THON - KY - THANG 10/2019