REN Ki NANG NOI CHO HOC SINH LOP 1 NHIN TIT CHUONG TRINH, SACH GIAO KHOA TIENG VIET HIEN HANH VA CONG NGHE GIAO DUC Vu Thi Thanh Tam* TOM TAT Viec day hpc Tieng Viet cho hpe sinh lap 1 noi chung a tru[.]
REN Ki NANG NOI CHO HOC SINH LOP NHIN TIT CHUONG TRINH, SACH GIAO KHOA TIENG VIET HIEN HANH VA CONG NGHE GIAO DUC Vu Thi Thanh Tam* TOM TAT Viec day hpc Tieng Viet cho hpe sinh lap noi chung a truong ti6u hpe hien dang dugc tign hanh dong thai tbeo nhieu mo hinh, nhieu bp ehuang trinh, sdch giao khoa v6i muc tieu ehung la hinh va phat trien a hpc sinh cac ki nang sii dung tieng Viet lam phuang tien hpc t|p va giao tiep Xem xet rieng ve n^i dung dgy hpc ki nang noi, chung toi nhan thiy co nhiing diSm khae biet, cSn dugc quan tam t6 chiic day hpc giira chuang hinh, saeh gido khoa Tigng Viet hi?n hanh va chuang trinh, sach giao khoatiSngViet - Cong nghS gido due Bcri vay, bai vilt di vdo phan tieh, lam ro nhiing dac di^m ca ban cua mSi bo ehuang trinh, sach gido khoa lam ea sa giup giao vi&i co thS van dung t6t vao hogt dong day hpc ciia minh Tir khda: Id nang noi, ehucmg trinh, sach gido khoa Tigng Viet, eong nghe gido due, DRILLING SPEAKING SKILLS FOR 1ST GRADERS, AN ANALYSIS F R O M THE CURRENT CURRICULUM AND THE VIETNAMESE TEXTBOOK AND THE EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY ABSTRACT Teaching the \^etnamese lai^uage forfirstgraders at elementary school in general is currently being carried out simultaneously with several models, programs and textbooks, bearing the common goal of forming and developing leaners'skills of usmg Vietnamese as a means of study and eomraunieation Regarding the teaching of speaking skiUs alone, we find diversities which should be considered when organizing teaching activities between the current Vietnaraese program and textbook and the program and textbook of Vietnamese-educational technology Therefore, this article intends to analyze, clarify the basic characteristics of each program and textbook, as a basement for teachers to utilizmg their teaching job more effectively Keywords: speaking skills, program ofVietnamese, textbook of Vietnaraese, educational technology Md flAU sii dwig ti^ng Viet lam phuang tien hpc tap va giao tiep tiong cae m6i tru6ng hoat dOng ciia liia Trong chuang trinh (CT) gido dye thong ^= „ ; , ,., , , ^ ,^T.-cap tieu hpe, mon Tieng Viet rat duge coi tipng ^,^i^^.^^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^^^ ^ ^^ y^^^ „ ^ 2000 (con voi raye tieu quan tipng nhdt la hinh v^ g^j i^ cT, SGK TiSng Viet hien hanh) eiing nhu phdt triln hpc sinh (HS) cae kT nang sii dung C6ng ngh? giao due lop diu dupe xay dimg tiSng Vi?t (nghe, noi, doc, viet) de giiip cdc em theo quan diem giao tiep, dae biet la vai sir thiet • CN, Trudng Tieu hQC thvc hdnh TAP c m KHOA HOC, Sd 21, thiii^ 03/2017 | 57 ke npi dung luyen noi nhu mot noi dung day hpc dpc ldp voi eae ki nang bp ph|n edn ren luyen a cde miic dO khae Tir thi^e te triSn khai thyc hien song song hai bp CT, SGK a lop 1, d p tieu hpc, bdi vietrau6ntap trung phan tieh de dua rapt cdi nhin khdi qudt ve nhimg net gi6ng va khde biSt ttong vi§c thue hien ciing rapt raye tieu dgy hpc ve ki nang noi a moi bp CT, SGK f^ Chi5 d^ NOI DUNG Chuang trinh mon Tilng Vi^t a tiiu hpc yeu eau viec day hpe phai dam baorauetieuhmh va phdt trien cho HS day dii ky nang (nghe, noi, dpc, vifit) Trong ky nang noi dupe luySn tap dpc ldp vd ket hcrp vai cae ky nang dpc, nghe, viet theo tiing ki nang bp phan ciia ki nang noi vd theo cdc raiie dp can dat cu thS nhu sau: J | | ^ ^ ^ L _ ^'^'^ ^9 '^^^ ^^^ :^ Ghi chii ^ ^ ^ | Phdt dra - Noi ro rang, dii nghe Noi liSn raaeh ca eau - Bude dau eo y thiie khac phue loi phat ara Su dyng nghi thiic lai noi - Co thdi dp lieh su tu nhien noi Noi dung lugt lai, nhbi - Biet noi loi chdo hoi, chia tay tiong gia dinh, vao ngucfi nghe noi truong hpc Dat vatialai edu hoi - Biet trd Icri diing vao npi dung cau hoi Noi cau - Buac dau biet dat eau hoi dan gian Thuat viec, kS ehuy?n - Ke duac ra6t doan hoae cd mdu chuy$n e6 nOi dung dan gian duge nghe thay, co ke tien 16p (ket hpp voi nhin tranh minh hpa, dpc 16i ggi y dudi tranh) Phat bieu thuyet trinh Bigt gioi thieu rapt vai eau ve minh, ve nguai than hoae ve rapt vdi d6 vat quen thupc, "1 (Theo Le Thi Phuang Nga vd cdc cpng su, Gido trinh phuong phdp dqy hgc Tieng Viit d Tieu hgc I Nxb Suphqm) Til nhihig yeu cdu cu the can dat cho m6i ki nang noi bp phan nhu tien, viec day hgc vk ki nang noi cho HS 16p hi?n c6 thg dupe lira ehpn tiln hanh theo mpt tiong hai bp CT, SGK la CT, SGK Tilng Viet tiiu hpc nam 2000 vd CT, SGK Tieng Viet - Cong nghe giao dye Qua phan tieh, ehiing toi nhgn thay c6 nhiing diera khdc biet ca ban ve npi dung dgy hpe ciing nhu h^ thdng bai tap dl t6 ehuc, hu6ng din cho HS flnic banh, luy?n tap kT nang noi nhu sau: 58 I TRUONGDAIHOCHAIPHONG 2.L Ve npi dung dqy hgc kindng ndi 2.1.1 Chuang trinh, Sdch gido khoa Tieng Viet hiin hdnh Chuang trinh Tieng Viet nara 2000 dugc bien soan dua tien nhihig dinh hudng: dgy tieng Viet thong qua boat dpng giao tiep; tan dyng nhftng kinh nghiera sii dung tilng Viet ciia HS; van dung quan diem tich hgp day tieng Vi?t; kit hgp day tilng Vi?t vcri day van boa va day Van D6i vai HS tiiu hpc, noi la kT nang dugc rto qua tat ea cac gia hpc nhung tdp trung nhat la a cae gio Ke chuyen va Tap lam van Rieng d ldp 1, HS ehu yeu dupe ren Id nang noi thong qua luy?n noi theo ehii dl a eu6i m6i bai Hge van, cdc bdi Luyen tap tdng hgp va cde tiet K I chuy?n 2.1.2 Chuong trinh, SGK Tieng Viet - Cong nghi gido due cdm ciia dng ba, ba me da yeu thucmg, quan tdm, eham sdc em, hoae nhung tinh cam, vi?c lara cua em thi hien su hiiu thdo cua rapt nguoi chdu, ngudi ddi vdi ong bd, cha m? eiia minh Dieu ndy phii hgp vdi tam li HS Idp va thu|ui Igi eho viee dgy hpc theo nguyen tac giao tiep Miie yeu cdu va hinb thue thi hien eua he thdng bai tap di tir dan gian din phiic tap Neu nhu tiong phin luyen dm vdn ehi yeu cdu HS ndi mdt cau hay nhilu eau gin vdi am vdn mdi hpc thi tiong phdn Luyen tgp tdng hgp Igi yeu cdu HS co kT nang ndi a mire dg eao han nhu ndi tiong hdi thogi, noi ddc thogi, ndi cae eau lien kit vdi tgo y Ngi dung cac bai tap thi hien thdng qua cac hinh thiic khac nhau; hinh thiic sii dyng nghi thiic ldi ndi, hinh thiic dat cdu hdi va tia ldi cdu hdi, hinh thiic thuat vi?e va kl ehuy?n, hinh thuc nhdn xet, dinh gid Viec - Vilt: hpc sinh dung ki ty de ma hda am dudi dang chir viSt va eung co cae kT nang khac Ciing nhu CT Tieng Vi6t nam 2000, CT Tieng Viet - Cdng nghe giao due, viee hinh va phdt trien cdc kT nang sir dung tieng Viet ludn dugc ehu tiong eimg vdi yeu cau eung cap tri thiic tieng Viet cho HS Dac biet, CT Saeh gido khoa radn Tieng Vi$t hi?n hanh tgo Tieng Viet 1- Cdng nghe giao due da xem xet cdc kT nang raoi quan he chat che khdng the nhi6u ca hgi cho HS luyfn noi cho HS Ngay tdeh rdi KT nang nghe - ndi la nhung kJ nang eo tu nhiing bai hpe dau tien ciia lap 1, HS da dugc ban, tgo tien de viing chac cho kT nang dpe va luy?n noi theo chii de Nhihig ehii de luyen noi viet Cd bdn kT nang nghe - ndi - dpe - viet duge eu6i raoi bai hpc van a 16p neu thyc hi?n tot tdng hgp va kiera soat quy trinh hinh se vira giiip HS on cae dm van vira hpc, viia tao vd phat triSn kT nang viet Chinh vi vay, ngodi khong hge tap thodi mdi, thdn thiSn, viia g6p vi?e ty ehiem ITnh eae kien thirc qua boat ddng phdn ren kT nang noi theo chii dl cho HS, Nhimg tu tidi nghiera, HS edn dupe hinh cac kT chu dl giin giii vdi ddi sdng hdng va cac nang tuong img rapt each tu nhien Tu tudng hoat dpng giao tiSp thong thudng ciia HS nhu; da dugc the hien tien ten ggi hg thdng viSe Some, ba md; Nhd tre; Be vd bqn be; Ngucri ban lam ey theraamoi bdi hpe yeu eau: tdt; Diim 10; Bua com, Win cdc chii dl nay, Viee - Chiera IThh ngii am: giup HS ed kT thyc hi?n npi dung dgy hpc r^n kT nang ndi, GV CO thi cho HS sdm vai nhdn vdt, thi hien tinh nang phan tich, kT nang khdi quat hda Viec - Dgc: dua ti^n kit qua da duge hinh mdt cdeh vung ehae tu viee va viec 2, HS dge va phan biet chinh ta mot each chinh xae Viec - Vilt chinh ta: thdng qua quy trinh vilt chinh ta, HS khdng ehi dugc luyen tap cung cd kiln thirc vd kT nang da dugc hge qud trinh hoat ddng ma gido vien edn kiem sodt dugc ket qud eudi ciing cua HS qua san pham Cd thi khing dinh, CT Tilng Viet - Cdng nghe giao dye khdng chi giiip tie nam chac kien thuc ngir am, hinh thdnh eae KN ngdn ngir nhu mdt cdng cu dae lire tiong hge tap ma cdn giiip HS phat trien khd nang phan tich va tu ngon ngii rapt cdeh ehae chan thdng qua he thdng viec lam khoa hpc, tudng rainh Tuy nhien, viec sir TAPCHfEHOAHOC,S