^ PHAT TRIEN KY NANG XANH VA VAI TRO CUA GIAO DUG DAO TAO NGHE ThS Dang Thi Huy^n Pho gidm doe trung tam Nghien ciiu phdt trien ky ndng va chudn ddo tao ngM Vien nghien eiiu khoa hge day nghS Abstract[.]
^ PHAT TRIEN KY NANG XANH VA VAI TRO CUA GIAO DUG DAO TAO NGHE ThS Dang Thi Huy^n Pho gidm doe trung tam Nghien ciiu phdt trien ky ndng va chudn ddo tao ngM - Vien nghien eiiu khoa hge day nghS Abstract Transforming the economy and society in line with the concept of sustainable development is only possible if people embrace the inherent values and attitudes of this idea, and if people possess the needed skills and are able to apply them in practice, it is not surprising that education in general and technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in particular are ascribed a significant role in this transformation process The article will provide the basic ideas of green skills development and the roles of TVET and introduce the implications for TVET in VietNam's National Green Growtli Strategy and National Action Plan on Green Growth for the period 2014 - 2020 Nguon: Dang Thj Huyen, Vien NCKHDN Phat trien ky nang xanh - su- c i n thiet de chuyen do! sang nen kinh te xanh va tang tru'd'ng xanh Chuyen doi nen kinh t i vd xa hgi theo hudng phii hyp vdi khai nigm phdt trien ben vCpng chi eo the thyc hign d u p e neu ngudi h i i u va ndm duoc y nghTa, gta tri ndi tai ciia y tudng 72 I So d$c bigt thing 10/2014 ndy cung n h u phai cd d u y c nhCpng ky nang can t h i i t vd cd kha nang dp dung d u y c chung thyc t i Vdi nhgn thuc dd, gido due dao tao ndi Chung vd ddo tgo nghe d u y c nhdn djnh giii' mpt vai trd dac biet quan trgng qud trinh chuyen doi sang nen kinh te xanh vd dat tdng trudng xanh Cdc chuyen gia va ngudi lao d5ng cd ky nang se id nhung ngudi thyc hien vi0c s u dyng nang lupng va nguon lyc mdt cdch hipu qua tai nai lam vigc dong thdi trdnh nhirng nguy hiem vd rui ro d i n mdi trudng Dd cung Id nhCrng ngudi edng nhdn ed ky nang thye hi#n ddy c h u y i n sdn xuat va dp dung nhung ky thudt than thign vdi mdi trudng diing each Mat khdc vi#c thieu nhung ngudi edng nhdn c6 ky ndng nghe tot cd the cdn trd s y chuyen dii sang nen kinh te xanh Mgt nen kinh te xanh ddi hdi phdi ed nhCfng ky nang xanh Ky nang xanh ed the d u y c xdc dinh id nhung ky nang cdc ITnh v y e xanh vd vi^c lam xanh hay cd the la tgp h y p nhdm ky ndng d u y c djnh nghTa la ky nang xanh NGHieN CCru TRAO D I Viec lam xanh Hign tai d u d n g n h u vdn chua cd mdt djnh nghTa n h i t quan nao v i viec Idm xanh va phan bigt chiing vdi cdc cdng v i | e thdng thudng ^ • • Vilec l a m x a n h la g i ? Theo Chuang trinh Mdi trudng Lien Hiep Quoc (UNEP), viec Idm xanh la nhCrng vigc lam thudc "ITnh v y c ndng nghidp, san xuat, xdy d y n g , lap dgt, bao dudng cung nhu cae hogt ddng khoa hoc, ky thudt, qudn ly vd djch vy lien quan vd chiing gdp phan b i n vOng de bdo t i n vd gin giCf c h i t luyng mdi t r u d n g " \ To chii'c Lao dpng Q u i c t i eho rang viec ldm xanh phai la vi6c Idm giup ldm giam tac dpng tieu eye tdi mdi trudng vd gdp phan tgo phat t r i i n ben vung kinh t i , xa hgi, mdi trudng eua cac doanh nghi$p va eae ITnh v y c kinh te van ddp irng nhCrng ti^u chf v i vi^c lam ben vOng ~ t i i n luang day du, d i i u kien lam vigc an todn, quyen lyi cua ngudi lao d i n g , ddi thoai xa hgi va bao try xd hgi^ Theo nhiing dinh nghTa trdn vd mdt so dinh nghTa khde, cdc ITnh v y e kinh t i sau ddy cd the duyc tinh thudc v i n i n kinh te xanh: • Cung c i p nudc; • X u ly n u d c thai; • Quan ly chat thai; Chung ta cd t h i ggi nhO'ng cdng vige eae phdn doan kinh te Id "vigc lam xanh", nhung khdng cd nghTa la tat cd nhung ngudi lam viec nhung phan dogn ndy d i u cdn den nhung ky nang xanh cu the Rat nhiiu nhung kJ ndng can cho n i n kinh t i xanh d u y c tim thay d nhirng nganh nghe hign tai • Ndng trgi huu ea; Ky nang xanh • Ldm nghiep b i n viing; Cho d i n khdng cd s y thong nhat ve danh myc eae ky nang xanh cu t h i d u y c dp dyng eae q u i c gia tren phgm vi toan t h i gidi Theo nhCrng kinh nghigm tir CHLB Due, ede ky ndng xanh d u y c h i i u nhu sau: • Vgn tdi cdng cdng; • Xay dyng xanh; • Quan ly bdo t i n t y nhi^n; • San x u i t , lap ddt, vdn hdnh, bdo dudng vd sira chj>a cdng ngh$ ndng l u y n g tdi tgo^ Ngodi cdn ed cdc edng ty v i nghien eiru, thuang mgi, sdn x u i t vd dieh vy gdp phan phdt trien n i n kinh te xanh, nhung nd khdng hoan todn lidn quan den xanh nhu: bdn l i thye pham, cdng nghg kiem sodt vd van hdnh, t y dpng hda vd phdt t^$n Ve ca bdn ky ndng xanh de egp d i n nhflng k i i n thirc, khd ndng vd ky nang can thiet de dap irng nhirng ddi hdi lign quan den mdi trudng nhCrng hdnh vi n g h i nghigp tai mgt nai Idm viec cy the mdt nha mdy ey the Hdnh dynQ mflt cdch ben vtrng cd y nghTa mdi cdng vigc vd ITnh vyc Nang lyc cho cdc hoat ddng n g h i nghigp ben vu'ng id mgt thdnh phan khdng the t h i i u tong t h i cdc ky nang nghe nghidp cua moi eae nhan ' UNEP 2008, trang 35f ' Xem ILO/CEDEFOP 2011 p 'M^c du nang l u w ^ ' ^° '^"O^ ^ " f ' "8*1^3 Id nSng lirpng xanti, nhien kheng ptiSi t i t cA ning linyng tSi tgo 6hu than thifn vdn m6i tnrtmg va fli/pc x3 hOi diSp nti^n Thiiy diftn v6i nhCrng flap nirfrc cd thS iSm pha hogi c^nh quan vi hg smh thai, Vigc tgi nhifin li$u tir sinh I(h6i cOng c6 thS cgnh tranh v*i sin xuSi lircrng thirc (vi dij c ^ nhi mSy smh kh6i) va vi$c cOng c